IPsec and Quality of Service

The IPsec and Quality of Service feature allows Cisco IOS quality of service (QoS) policies to be applied to IP Security (IPsec) packet flows on the basis of a QoS group that can be added to the current Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) profile.

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Contents

•Prerequisites for IPsec and Quality of Service

•Restrictions for IPsec and Quality of Service

•Information About IPsec and Quality of Service

•How to Configure IPsec and Quality of Service

•Configuration Examples for IPsec and Quality of Service

•Additional References

•Command Reference, page 8

Prerequisites for IPsec and Quality of Service

•You should be familiar with IPsec and the concept of ISAKMP profiles.

•You should be familiar with Cisco IOS QoS.

Restrictions for IPsec and Quality of Service

•This feature can be applied only via the ISAKMP profile. The limit of 128 QoS groups that exists for QoS applications applies to this feature as well.

•You can apply an IPsec QoS group only to outbound service policies.

•QoS is not supported for software encryption.

Information About IPsec and Quality of Service

To configure the IPsec and Quality of Service feature, you should understand the following concept:

•IPsec and Quality of Service Overview

IPsec and Quality of Service Overview

The IPsec and Quality of Service feature allows you to apply QoS policies, such as traffic policing and shaping, to IPsec-protected packets by adding a QoS group to ISAKMP profiles. After the QoS group has been added, this group value will be mapped to the same QoS group as defined in QoS class maps. Any current QoS method that makes use of this QoS group tag can be applied to IPsec packet flows. Common groupings of packet flows can have specific policy classes applied by having the IPsec QoS group made available to the QoS mechanism. Marking IPsec flows allows QoS mechanisms to be applied to classes of traffic that could provide support for such things as restricting the amount of bandwidth that is available to specific groups or devices or marking the type of service (ToS) bits on certain flows.

The application of the QoS group is applied at the ISAKMP profile level because it is the profile that can uniquely identify devices through its concept of match identity criteria. These criteria are on the basis of the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) identity that is presented by incoming IKE connections and includes such things as IP address, fully qualified domain name (FQDN), and group (that is, the virtual private network [VPN] remote client grouping). The granularity of the match identity criteria will impose the granularity of the specified QoS policy, for example, to mark all traffic belonging to the VPN client group named "Engineering" as "TOS 5". Another example of having the granularity of a specified QoS policy imposed would be to allocate 30 percent of the bandwidth on an outbound WAN link to a specific group of remote VPN devices.

How to Configure IPsec and Quality of Service

This section includes the following procedures:

•Configuring IPsec and Quality of Service (required)

•Verifying IPsec and Quality of Service Sessions (optional)

•Troubleshooting Tips (optional)

Configuring IPsec and Quality of Service

To apply QoS policies to an ISAKMP profile, perform the following steps.

SUMMARY STEPS

1. enable

2. configure terminal

3. crypto isakmp-profile profile-name

4. qos-group group-number

DETAILED STEPS

 
Command or Action
Purpose

Step 1 

enable

Example:

Router> enable

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

•Enter your password if prompted.

Step 2 

configure terminal

Example:

Router# configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Step 3 

crypto isakmp-profile profile-number

Example:

Router (config)# crypto isakmp-profile vpnprofile

Defines an ISAKMP profile, audits IPsec user sessions, and enters ISAKMP profile configuration mode.

Step 4 

qos-group group-number

Example:

Router(config-isa-prof)# qos-group 1

Applies a QoS group value to an ISAKMP profile.

Verifying IPsec and Quality of Service Sessions

To verify your IPsec and QoS sessions, perform the following steps. The show commands can be used in any order or independent of each other.

SUMMARY STEPS

1. enable

2. show crypto isakmp profile

3. show crypto ipsec sa

DETAILED STEPS

 
Command or Action
Purpose

Step 1 

enable

Example:

Router> enable

Enables privileged EXEC mode.

•Enter your password if prompted.

Step 2 

show crypto isakmp profile

Example:

Router# show crypto isakmp profile

Shows that the QoS group is applied to the profile.

Step 3 

show crypto ipsec sa

Example:

Router# show crypto ipsec sa

Shows that the QoS group is applied to a particular pair of IPsec security associations (SAs).

Troubleshooting Tips

If you have a problem with your IPsec and QoS sessions, ensure that you have done the following:

•Validated the application of QoS by the QoS service using the QoS-specific commands in the Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Command Reference.

•Configured a QoS policy on the router that matches the same QoS group as that specified for the class map match criterion.

•Applied the service policy to the same interface to which a crypto map is applied.

Configuration Examples for IPsec and Quality of Service

This section provides the following output examples:

•QoS Policy Applied to Two Groups of Remote Users: Example

•show crypto isakmp profile Command: Example

•show crypto ipsec sa Command: Example

QoS Policy Applied to Two Groups of Remote Users: Example

In the following example, a specific QoS policy is applied to two groups of remote users. Two ISAKMP profiles are configured so that upon initial connection via IKE, remote users are mapped to a specific profile. From that profile, all IPsec SAs that have been created for that remote will be marked with the specific QoS group. As traffic leaves the outbound interface, the QoS service will map the IPsec set QoS group with the QoS group that is specified in the class maps that comprise the service policy that is applied on that outbound interface. 

version 12.3

!

aaa authentication login group group radius

aaa authorization network autho local

aaa accounting update periodic 1

aaa session-id common

ip subnet-zero

!

!

ip cef

no ip domain lookup

!

class-map match-all yellow

 match qos-group 3

class-map match-all blue

match qos-group 2

!

!

policy-map clients

 class blue

  set precedence 5

 class yellow

  set precedence 7

!

!

crypto isakmp policy 1

 encr 3des

 hash md5

 authentication pre-share

 group 2

 lifetime 300

!

crypto isakmp keepalive 10 periodic

crypto isakmp xauth timeout 20

!

crypto isakmp client configuration group blue

 key cisco

 dns 10.2.2.2 10.2.2.3

 wins 10.6.6.6

 pool blue

 save-password

 include-local-lan

 backup-gateway corky1.cisco.com

!

crypto isakmp client configuration group yellow

 dns 10.2.2.2 10.2.2.3

 wins 10.6.6.5

 pool yellow

!

crypto isakmp profile blue

   match identity group cisco

   client authentication list autho

   isakmp authorization list autho

   client configuration address respond

   qos-group 2

crypto isakmp profile yellow

   match identity group yellow

   match identity address 10.0.0.11 255.255.255.255

   client authentication list autho

   isakmp authorization list autho

   client configuration address respond

   qos-group 3

!

!

crypto ipsec transform-set combo ah-sha-hmac esp-3des esp-sha-hmac

crypto ipsec transform-set client esp-3des esp-sha-hmac comp-lzs

!

crypto dynamic-map mode 1

 set security-association lifetime seconds 180

 set transform-set client

 set isakmp-profile blue

 reverse-route

crypto dynamic-map mode 2

 set transform-set combo

 set isakmp-profile yellow

 reverse-route

!

crypto map mode 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic mode

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

 ip address 10.0.0.110 255.255.255.0

 no ip redirects

 no ip proxy-arp

 no ip mroute-cache

 duplex half

 no cdp enable

 crypto map mode

 service-policy out clients

!

ip local pool yellow 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.10

ip local pool blue 192.168.6.1 192.168.6.6

no ip classless

!

radius-server host 10.0.0.13 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646

radius-server key XXXXXX

radius-server vsa send accounting

radius-server vsa send authentication

show crypto isakmp profile Command: Example

The following output shows that QoS group "2" has been applied to the ISAKMP profile "blue" and that QoS group "3" has been applied to the ISAKMP profile "yellow": 

Router# show crypto isakmp profile


ISAKMP PROFILE blue

   Identities matched are:

    group blue

   QoS Group 2 is applied


ISAKMP PROFILE yellow

   Identities matched are:

    ip-address 10.0.0.13 255.255.255.255

    group yellow

   QoS Group 3 is applied

show crypto ipsec sa Command: Example

The following output shows that the QoS group has been applied to a particular pair of IPsec SAs: 

Router# show crypto ipsec sa


interface: FastEthernet0/0

    Crypto map tag: mode, local addr. 10.0.0.110


   protected vrf:

   local  ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)

   remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (10.12.12.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)

   current_peer: 10.0.0.11:500

     PERMIT, flags={}

    #pkts encaps: 0, #pkts encrypt: 0, #pkts digest: 0

    #pkts decaps: 0, #pkts decrypt: 0, #pkts verify: 0

    #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0

    #pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0

    #pkts not decompressed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0

    #send errors 0, #recv errors 0


     qos group is set to 2

Additional References

The following sections provide references related to the IPsec and Quality of Service feature.

Related Documents

Related Topic
Document Title

IPsec

Configuring Security for VPNs with IPsec

QoS options

Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide on Cisco.com

QoS commands

Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Command Reference

Security commands

Cisco IOS Security Command Reference


Standards

Standards
Title

No new or modified standards are supported by this feature.

—


MIBs

MIBs
MIBs Link

No new or modified MIBs are supported by this feature.

To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL:

http://www.cisco.com/go/mibs


RFCs

RFCs
Title

No new or modified RFCs are supported by this feature.

—


Technical Assistance

Description
Link

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To receive security and technical information about your products, you can subscribe to various services, such as the Product Alert Tool (accessed from Field Notices), the Cisco Technical Services Newsletter, and Really Simple Syndication (RSS) Feeds.

Access to most tools on the Cisco Support website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.

http://www.cisco.com/techsupport


Feature Information for IPsec and Quality of Service

Table 1 lists the release history for this feature.

se Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and software image support. Cisco Feature Navigator enables you to determine which software images support a specific software release, feature set, or platform. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to http://www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Note Table 1 lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.

Table 1 Feature Information for IPsec and Quality of Service 

Feature Name
Releases
Feature Information

IPsec and Quality of Service

12.3(8)T

The IPsec and Quality of Service feature allows Cisco IOS quality of service (QoS) policies to be applied to IP Security (IPsec) packet flows on the basis of a QoS group that can be added to the current Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) profile.

In Cisco IOS Release 12.3(8)T, this feature was introduced.

The following commands were introduced or modified: qos-group.


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