Contents

Introduction

Prerequisites

Requirements

Components Used

Configure

Network Diagram

Configurations

Verify

Troubleshoot

Introduction

This document describes the purpose of the dampen-igp-metric command in Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) on Cisco Nexus family of Switches which run the NX-OS Operating System.

Prerequisites

Requirements

Cisco recommends that you have knowledge of these topics:

- Nexus NX-OS Software.

- BGP Routing Protocol.

Components Used

The information in this document is based on these software and hardware versions:

- Cisco N9K-C9508

- NXOS version 7.0(3)I7(6)

This document is not restricted to specific software and hardware versions.

The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If your network is live, ensure that you understand the potential impact of any command.

Configure

By default, the Nexus Family of Switches have the command dampen-igp-metric set to its default value of 600 seconds in the BGP configuration section.

This affects how BGP handles Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP) metric changes reported for redistributed routes. BGP dampens these changes as it process them in a batched fashion with a 10 minute delay.

This command allows you to adjust that delay or remove it altogether for quicker response to these changes.

The BGP MED (Multi Exit Discriminator) attribute is updated with the new cost of the redistributed IGP route once the timer expires.

Nexus - Nexus NX-OS

Nexus# configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Nexus(config)# router bgp 65535

Nexus(config-router)# address-family ipv4 unicast

Nexus(config-router-af)# dampen-igp-metric ?

<20-3600>  Time interval in seconds

*Default value is 600

Nexus(config-router-af)# no dampen-igp-metric

This command can likewise be configured for address-family ipv6 unicast and per VRF instances in the BGP configuration section.

Note: The command dampen-igp-metric also controls the delay time to update other BGP attributes like the Next-hop attribute when IGP routes are leaked into other VRFs with the use of BGP.

Network Diagram

In this scenario,the Nexus Switch has been configured to redistribute Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routes from the Routing Table into the BGP table.

Configurations

R1 - Cisco IOS

configure terminal

!

hostname R1

!

router ospf 1

router-id 10.255.255.1

!

interface Loopback0

ip address 10.255.255.1 255.255.255.255

ip ospf 1 area 0

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/0

ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0

ip ospf network point-to-point

ip ospf 1 area 0

no shutdown

!

end

Nexus - NX-OS

configure terminal

!

hostname Nexus

!

feature ospf

feature bgp

!

route-map ALL

!

router ospf 1

router-id 10.255.255.2

!

router bgp 65535

router-id 10.255.255.2

address-family ipv4 unicast

redistribute ospf 1 route-map ALL

neighbor 10.2.3.3

remote-as 65535

address-family ipv4 unicast

!

interface Ethernet1/1

ip address 10.1.2.2/24

ip ospf network point-to-point

ip router ospf 1 area 0.0.0.0

no shutdown

!

interface Ethernet1/2

ip address 10.2.3.2/24

no shutdown

R3 - Cisco IOS

configure terminal

!

hostname R3

!

router bgp 65535

bgp log-neighbor-changes

neighbor 10.2.3.2 remote-as 65535

!

interface GigabitEthernet0/0

ip address 10.2.3.3 255.255.255.0

no shutdown

!

end

Verify

Run the command show bgp internal af. Ensure the line IGP Metric Dampening Interval indicates the desired value.

Default value is 600 (seconds).

Nexus - NX-OS

Nexus# show bgp internal af

. . .

BGP Address Family Information for VRF: default

Import Pending               : No

Import Pending               : never

Import Pending Reset         : never

Table Context Address : 0xcfa08bf4

Address family: IPv4 Unicast

. . .

IGP Metric Dampening Interval  : 600

In the event that the OSPF route in the Routing Table updates its Cost, there is a delay to reflect this new value in the BGP MED path attribute.

Nexus - NX-OS

Nexus# show ip route 10.255.255.1

IP Route Table for VRF "default"

'*' denotes best ucast next-hop

'**' denotes best mcast next-hop

'[x/y]' denotes [preference/metric]

'%<string>' in via output denotes VRF <string>

10.255.255.1/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0

*via 10.1.2.1, Eth1/1, [110/41], 01:58:41, ospf-1, intra

Nexus#

* There is an update in the Cost of the OSPF route 10.255.255.1/32

Nexus# show ip route 10.255.255.1

IP Route Table for VRF "default"

'*' denotes best ucast next-hop

'**' denotes best mcast next-hop

'[x/y]' denotes [preference/metric]

'%<string>' in via output denotes VRF <string>

10.255.255.1/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0

*via 10.1.2.1, Eth1/1, [110/190], 00:00:02, ospf-1, intra

Nexus#

Nexus# show bgp ipv4 unicast

BGP routing table information for VRF default, address family IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version is 4, Local Router ID is 10.255.255.2

Status: s-suppressed, x-deleted, S-stale, d-dampened, h-history, *-valid, >-best

Path type: i-internal, e-external, c-confed, l-local, a-aggregate, r-redist, I-i

njected

Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete, | - multipath, & - backup

Network            Next Hop            Metric     LocPrf     Weight Path

*>r10.255.255.1/32    0.0.0.0                 41        100      32768 ?

Nexus#

* After 600 seconds.

Nexus# show bgp ipv4 unicast

BGP routing table information for VRF default, address family IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version is 5, Local Router ID is 10.255.255.2

Status: s-suppressed, x-deleted, S-stale, d-dampened, h-history, *-valid, >-best

Path type: i-internal, e-external, c-confed, l-local, a-aggregate, r-redist, I-i

njected

Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete, | - multipath, & - backup

Network            Next Hop            Metric     LocPrf     Weight Path

*>r10.255.255.1/32    0.0.0.0                190        100      32768 ?

Run the command no dampen-igp-metric under BGP address-family configuration section to immediately update the MED attribute in the BGP table upon a OSPF Cost change in the Routing Table.

Nexus - NX-OS

Nexus# configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Nexus(config)# router bgp 65535

Nexus(config-router)#   address-family ipv4 unicast

Nexus(config-router-af)# no dampen-igp-metric

* There is an update in the Cost of the OSPF route 10.255.255.1/32

Nexus# show ip route 10.255.255.1

IP Route Table for VRF "default"

'*' denotes best ucast next-hop

'**' denotes best mcast next-hop

'[x/y]' denotes [preference/metric]

'%<string>' in via output denotes VRF <string>

10.255.255.1/32, ubest/mbest: 1/0

*via 10.1.2.1, Eth1/1, [110/190], 00:00:02, ospf-1, intra

Nexus# show ip bgp

BGP routing table information for VRF default, address family IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version is 7, Local Router ID is 10.255.255.2

Status: s-suppressed, x-deleted, S-stale, d-dampened, h-history, *-valid, >-best

Path type: i-internal, e-external, c-confed, l-local, a-aggregate, r-redist, I-i

njected

Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete, | - multipath, & - backup

Network            Next Hop            Metric     LocPrf     Weight Path

*>r10.255.255.1/32    0.0.0.0                190        100      32768 ?

Troubleshoot

In order to confirm the functionality of the dampen-igp-metric command on NX-OS, turn on the next debugs.

- debug-filter bgp prefix <PREFIX/MASK>

- debug logfile <FILE_NAME>

- debug bgp dampening brib

Nexus - NX-OS

Nexus# debug-filter bgp prefix 10.255.255.1/32

Nexus# debug logfile bgpdebug.log

Nexus# debug bgp dampening brib

Nexus#

Nexus# show debug logfile bgpdebug.log

2019 Jul 23 21:13:27.676328 bgp: [25368] (default) BRIB: [IPv4 Unicast] Setting the update pending flag for 10.255.255.1/32

Nexus# show debug logfile bgpdebug.log

2019 Jul 23 21:13:27.676328 bgp: [25368] (default) BRIB: [IPv4 Unicast] Setting the update pending flag for 10.255.255.1/32

2019 Jul 23 21:20:47.641987 bgp: [25368] (default) BRIB: [IPv4 Unicast] Clearing the update pending flag for 10.255.255.1/32

2019 Jul 23 21:20:47.642013 bgp: [25368] (default) BRIB: [IPv4 Unicast] Originating prefix 10.255.255.1/32, route type redist

2019 Jul 23 21:20:47.642075 bgp: [25368] (default) BRIB: [IPv4 Unicast] Installing prefix 10.255.255.1/32 (redist) via 0.0.0.0 (0x0/0x0) into BRIB with extcomm Extcommunity: OSPF RT:0.0.0.0:0:0

2019 Jul 23 21:20:47.642395 bgp: [25368] (default) BRIB: [IPv4 Unicast] Path to 10.255.255.1/32 via 0.0.0.0 already exists, dflags=0x80002

2019 Jul 23 21:20:47.642415 bgp: [25368] (default) BRIB: [IPv4 Unicast] (10.255.255.1/32 (local)): bgp_brib_add: handling nexthop, path->flags2: 0x1

2019 Jul 23 21:20:47.642447 bgp: [25368] (default) BRIB: [IPv4 Unicast] (10.255.255.1/32 (local)): returning from bgp_brib_add, reeval=0new_path: 0, change: 1, undelete: 0, history: 0, force: 0, (pflags=0x2408) rnh_flag_change 0

2019 Jul 23 21:20:47.642475 bgp: [25368] (default) BRIB: [IPv4 Unicast] Cleanup for dest 10.255.255.1/32 exits since it's on newlist

Nexus#

Once done, disable the debugs with the next commands:

- undebug all

- no debug-filter all

- clear debug logfile <FILE_NAME>