Nexus Dashboard Overview, Release 3.2.1

Cisco Nexus Dashboard is a central management console for multiple data center fabric and a common platform for hosting Cisco data center operation services, such as Nexus Dashboard Insights and Nexus Dashboard Orchestrator. These services are available for all the data center fabrics and provide real time analytics, visibility, assurance for network policies and operations, as well as policy orchestration for the data center fabrics, such as Cisco ACI or Cisco NDFC.

Nexus Dashboard provides a common platform and modern technology stack for the above-mentioned micro-services-based applications, simplifying the life cycle management of the different modern applications and reducing the operational overhead to run and maintain these applications. It also provides a central integration point for external 3rd party applications with the locally hosted applications.

Nexus Dashboard cluster typically consists of 1 or 3 primary nodes. For 3-node clusters, you can also provision a number of secondary nodes to enable horizontal scaling and standby nodes for easy cluster recovery in case of a primary node failure. For maximum number of secondary and standby nodes supported in this release, see the "Verified Scalability Limits" sections of the Cisco Nexus Dashboard Release Notes. For more information about extending your cluster with additional nodes, see Infrastructure Management.

Nexus Dashboard is a standard appliance platform to build and deploy services that would allow you to consume all Nexus Dashboard products in a consistent and uniform manner. Nexus Dashboard services (such as Insights, Orchestrator, and Fabric Controller) can be enabled with the Nexus Dashboard platform to provide real time analytics, visibility, assurance for network policies and operations, as well as policy orchestration for the data center fabrics, such as Cisco ACI or Cisco NDFC.

Prior to release 3.1(1), Nexus Dashboard shipped with only the platform software and no services included, which you would then download, install, and enable separately after the initial platform deployment. However beginning with release 3.1(1), the platform and the individual services have been unified into a single image and can be deployed and enabled during the initial cluster configuration for a simpler, more streamlined experience.

While prior releases of Nexus Dashboard platform often supported multiple versions of the individual services, because of the unified installation, each Nexus Dashboard release supports a single specific version of each service, which you can choose to enable during cluster deployment.

Nexus Dashboard is offered as a cluster of specialized Cisco UCS servers (Nexus Dashboard platform) with the software framework (Nexus Dashboard) pre-installed on it. The Cisco Nexus Dashboard software stack can be decoupled from the hardware and deployed in a number of virtual form factors. For the purposes of this document, we will use "Nexus Dashboard hardware" specifically to refer to the hardware and "Nexus Dashboard" to refer to the software stack and the GUI console.

Root access to the Nexus Dashboard software is restricted to Cisco TAC only. A special user rescue-user is created for all Nexus Dashboard deployments to enable a set of operations and troubleshooting commands. For additional information about the available rescue-user commands, see the "Troubleshooting" chapter of the Nexus Dashboard User Guide.

This guide describes how to use the Nexus Dashboard; for hardware installation, see Nexus Dashboard Hardware Setup Guide and for deployment planning and Nexus Dashboard software installation, see the Nexus Dashboard Deployment Guide.

This release of Cisco Nexus Dashboard can be deployed using a number of different form factors. Keep in mind however, you must use the same form factor for all nodes, mixing different form factors within the same cluster is not supported. The physical form factor currently supports two different UCS servers (UCS-C220-M5 and UCS-C225-M6) for the cluster nodes, which you can mix within the same cluster.

Not all services are supported on all form factors. When planning your deployment, ensure to check the Nexus Dashboard Cluster Sizing tool for form factor and cluster size requirements.

As mentioned previously, Nexus Dashboard cluster is first deployed using 1 or 3 primary nodes. Depending on the type and number of services you choose to run, you may be required to deploy additional secondary nodes in your cluster after the initial deployment. For cluster sizing information and recommended number of nodes based on specific use cases, see the Nexus Dashboard Capacity Planning tool.

Single-node clusters are supported for a limited number of services and cannot be extended to a 3-node cluster after the initial deployment.
Only 3-node clusters support additional secondary nodes.
If you deploy a single-node cluster and want to extended it to a 3-node cluster or add secondary nodes, you will need to redeploy it as a base 3-node cluster.
For 3-node clusters, at least 2 primary nodes are required for the cluster to remain operational. If 2 primary nodes fail, the cluster will go offline and cannot be used until you recover it.

Adding secondary nodes to your cluster is described in Managing Secondary Nodes.

Adding standby nodes to your cluster is described in Managing Standby Nodes.

For the full list of supported applications and the associated compatibility information, see the Data Center Networking Services Compatibility Matrix.

The following sections cover some deployment requirements which you have already completed during cluster configuration and bootstrap as well as reference information which you may need while using the cluster and deploying services.

Network Time Protocol (NTP) and Domain Name System (DNS)

The Nexus Dashboard nodes require valid DNS and NTP servers for all deployments and upgrades.

Lack of valid DNS connectivity (such as if using an unreachable or a placeholder IP address) can prevent the system from deploying or upgrading successfully.

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Nexus Dashboard acts as both a DNS client and resolver. It uses an internal Core DNS server which acts as DNS resolver for internal services. It also acts as a DNS client to reach external hosts within the intranet or the Internet, hence it requires an external DNS server to be configured.
Additionally, Nexus Dashboard does not support DNS servers with wildcard records.

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Beginning with release 3.0(1), Nexus Dashboard also supports NTP authentication using symmetrical keys. You can configure NTP keys where each key can be assigned to multiple NTP servers. Enabling and configuring NTP authentication is described as part of the deployment steps in the later sections.

Nexus Dashboard Internal Networks

Two additional internal networks are required for communication between the containers used by the Nexus Dashboard:

• Application overlay is used for applications internally within Nexus Dashboard

  Application overlay must be a /16 network and a default value is pre-populated during deployment.

• Service overlay is used internally by the Nexus Dashboard.

  Service overlay must be a /16 network and a default value is pre-populated during deployment.

If you are planning to deploy multiple Nexus Dashboard clusters, they can use the same Application and Service subnets.

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Communications between containers deployed in different Nexus Dashboard nodes is VXLAN-encapsulated and uses the data interfaces IP addresses as source and destination. This means that the Application Overlay and Service overlay addresses are never exposed outside the data network and any traffic on these subnets is routed internally and does not leave the cluster nodes.
For example, if you had another service (such as DNS) on the same subnet as one of the Overlay networks, you would not be able to access it from your Nexus Dashboard as the traffic on that subnet would never be routed outside the cluster. As such, when configuring these networks, ensure that they are unique and do not overlap with any existing networks or services you may need to access from the Nexus Dashboard cluster nodes.
For the same reason, we recommend not using 169.254.0.0/16 (the Kubernetes br1 subnet) for the App or Service subnets.

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Communication Ports: Nexus Dashboard

The following ports are required by the Nexus Dashboard cluster.

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All services use TLS or mTLS with encryption to protect data privacy and integrity over the wire.

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Nexus Dashboard Communication Ports (Management Network)

Service	Port	Protocol	Direction	Connection
ICMP	ICMP	ICMP	In/Out	Other cluster nodes, CIMC, default gateway
SSH	22	TCP	In/Out	CLI and CIMC of the cluster nodes
TACACS	49	TCP	Out	TACACS server
DNS	53	TCP/UDP	Out	DNS server
HTTP	80	TCP	Out	Internet/proxy
NTP	123	UDP	Out	NTP server
HTTPS	443	TCP	In/Out	UI, other clusters (for multi-cluster connectivity), fabrics, Internet/proxy
LDAP	389 636	TCP	Out	LDAP server
Radius	1812	TCP	Out	Radius server
KMS	9880	TCP	In/Out	Other cluster nodes and ACI fabrics
Infra-Service	30012 30021 30500-30600	TCP/UDP	In/Out	Other cluster nodes

Nexus Dashboard Communication Ports (Data Network)

Service	Port	Protocol	Direction	Connection
SSH	22	TCP	Out	In-band of switches and APIC
HTTPS	443	TCP	Out	In-band of switches and APIC/NDFC
SSH	1022	TCP/UDP	In/Out	Other cluster nodes
VXLAN	4789	TCP	In/Out	Other cluster nodes
KMS	9880	TCP	In/Out	Other cluster nodes and ACI fabrics
Infra-Service	3379 3380 8989 9090 9969 9979 9989 15233 30002-30006 30009-30010 30012 30014-30015 30018-30019 30025 30027	TCP	In/Out	Other cluster nodes
Kafka	30001	TCP	In/Out	In-band of switches and APIC/NDFC
Infra-Service	30016 30017	TCP/UDP	In/Out	Other cluster nodes
Infra-Service	30500-30600	TCP/UDP	In/Out	Other cluster nodes

Communication Ports: Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller

In addition to the ports required by the Nexus Dashboard (ND) cluster nodes, the following ports are required by the Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller (NDFC) service.

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The following ports apply to the Nexus Dashboard management network and/or data network interfaces depending on which interface provides IP reachability from the NDFC service to the switches.

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Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller Communication Ports

Service	Port	Protocol	Direction	Connection
SSH	22	TCP	Out	SSH is a basic mechanism for accessing devices.
SCP	22	TCP	Out	SCP clients archiving NDFC backup files to remote server.
SMTP	25	TCP	Out	SMTP port is configurable through NDFC’s Server Settings menu. This is an optional feature.
DHCP	67	UDP	In	If NDFC local DHCP server is configured for Bootstrap/POAP purposes. This applies to LAN deployments only. When using NDFC as a local DHCP server for POAP purposes, all ND primary node IPs must be configured as DHCP relays. Whether the ND nodes' management or data IPs are bound to the DHCP server is determined by the LAN Device Management Connectivity in the NDFC Server Settings. If you configure NDFC as a server for DHCP IP administration and the destination client devices for dynamic address resolution are in a separate subnet from the ND cluster, you must configure the DHCP relay with a destination for each primary node within the cluster; otherwise, there is a risk of failure on a reload of the cluster.
DHCP	68	UDP	Out
SNMP	161	TCP/UDP	Out	SNMP traffic from NDFC to devices.
HTTPS/HTTP (NX-API)	443/80	TCP	Out	NX-API HTTPS/HTTP client connects to device NX-API server on port 443/80, which is also configurable. NX-API is an optional feature, used by limited set of NDFC functions. This applies to LAN deployments only.
HTTPS (vCenter, Kubernetes, OpenStack, Discovery)	443	TCP	Out	NDFC provides an integrated host and physical network topology view by correlating the information obtained from registered VMM domains, such as VMware vCenter or OpenStack, as well as container orchestrators, such as Kubernetes. This is an optional feature

The following ports apply to the External Service IPs, also known as persistent IPs, used by some of the NDFC services. These External Service IPs may come from the Nexus Dashboard management subnet pool or the data subnet pool depending on the configured settings.

Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller Persistent IP Ports

Service	Port	Protocol	Direction	Connection
SCP	22	TCP	In	SCP is used by various features to transfer files between devices and the NDFC service. The NDFC SCP service serves as the SCP server for both downloads and uploads. SCP is also used by the POAP client on the devices to download POAP-related files. The SCP-POAP service in NDFC has a persistent IP that is associated with either the management or data subnet. This is controlled by the LAN Device Management Connectivity setting in the NDFC Server Settings.
TFTP (POAP)	69	TCP	In	Only used for device zero-touch provisioning via POAP, where devices can send (limited jailed write-only access to NDFC) basic inventory information to NDFC to start secure POAP communication. NDFC Bootstrap or POAP can be configured for TFTP or HTTP/HTTPS. The SCP-POAP service in NDFC has a persistent IP that is associated with either the management or data subnet. This is controlled by the LAN Device Management Connectivity setting in the NDFC Server Settings. This applies to LAN deployments only.
HTTP (POAP)	80	TCP	In	Only used for device zero-touch provisioning via POAP, where devices can send (limited jailed write-only access to NDFC) basic inventory information to NDFC to start secure POAP communication. NDFC Bootstrap or POAP can be configured for TFTP or HTTP/HTTPS. The SCP-POAP service in NDFC has a persistent IP that is associated with either the management or data subnet. This is controlled by the LAN Device Management Connectivity setting in the NDFC Server Settings. This applies to LAN deployments only.
BGP	179	TCP	In/Out	For Endpoint Locator, per fabric where it is enabled, an EPL service is spawned with its own persistent IP. This service is always associated with the Nexus Dashboard data interface. NDFC EPL service peers with the appropriate BGP entity (typically BGP Route-Reflectors) on the fabric to get BGP updates needed to track endpoint information. This feature is only applicable for VXLAN BGP EVPN fabric deployments. This applies to LAN deployments only.
HTTPS (POAP)	443	TCP	In	Secure POAP is accomplished via the NDFC HTTPS Server on port 443. The HTTPS server is bound to the SCP-POAP service and uses the same persistent IP assigned to that pod. The SCP-POAP service in NDFC has a persistent IP that is associated with either the management or data subnet. This is controlled by the LAN Device Management Connectivity setting in the NDFC Server Settings. This applies to LAN deployments only.
Syslog	514	UDP	In	When NDFC is configured as a Syslog server, Syslogs from the devices are sent out toward the persistent IP associated with the SNMP-Trap/Syslog service pod The SNMP-Trap-Syslog service in NDFC has a persistent IP that is associated with either the management or data subnet. This is controlled by the LAN Device Management Connectivity setting in the NDFC Server Settings
SCP	2022	TCP	Out	Transport tech-support file from persistent IP of NDFC POAP-SCP pod to a separate ND cluster running Nexus Dashboard Insights. The SCP-POAP service in NDFC has a persistent IP that is associated with either the management or data subnet. This is controlled by the LAN Device Management Connectivity setting in the NDFC Server Settings
SNMP Trap	2162	UDP	In	SNMP traps from devices to NDFC are sent out toward the persistent IP associated with the SNMP-Trap/Syslog service pod. The SNMP-Trap-Syslog service in NDFC has a persistent IP that is associated with either the management or data subnet. This is controlled by the LAN Device Management Connectivity setting in the NDFC Server Settings
GRPC (Telemetry)	33000	TCP	In	SAN Insights Telemetry Server which receives SAN data (such as storage, hosts, flows, and so on) over GRPC transport tied to NDFC Persistent IP. This is enabled on SAN deployments only.
GRPC (Telemetry)	50051	TCP	In	Information related to multicast flows for IP Fabric for Media deployments as well as PTP for general LAN deployments is streamed out via software telemetry to a persistent IP associated with a NDFC GRPC receiver service pod. This is enabled on LAN and Media deployments only.

You can connect the Nexus Dashboard cluster to your fabrics in two ways:

For Cisco Cloud Network Controller fabrics, you will need to connect via a Layer 3 network.

Connecting via External Layer 3 Network

We recommend connecting the Nexus Dashboard cluster to the fabrics via an external Layer 3 network as it does not tie the cluster to any one fabric and the same communication paths can be establish to all fabrics. Specific connectivity depends on the type of applications deployed in the Nexus Dashboard:

• If you are deploying Nexus Dashboard Orchestrator to manage Cisco ACI fabrics only, you can establish connectivity from the data interface to either the in-band or out-of-band (OOB) interface of each fabric’s APIC or both.

• If you are deploying Nexus Dashboard Orchestrator to manage Cisco NDFC fabrics, you must establish connectivity from the data interface to the in-band interface of each fabric’s NDFC.

• If you are deploying Day-2 Operations applications, such as Nexus Dashboard Insights, you must establish connectivity from the data interface to the in-band network of each fabric and of the APIC.

If you plan to connect the cluster across an external Layer 3 network, keep the following in mind:

• For ACI fabrics, you must configure an L3Out and the external EPG for Cisco Nexus Dashboard data network connectivity in the management tenant.

  Configuring external connectivity in an ACI fabric is described in Cisco APIC Layer 3 Networking Configuration Guide.

• For NDFC fabrics, if the data interface and NDFC’s in-band interface are in different subnets, you must add a route to the Nexus Dashboard’s data network on NDFC.

  You can add the route from the NDFC UI by navigating to Administration > Customization > Network Preference > In-Band (eth2), then adding the route and saving.

• If you specify a VLAN ID for your data interface during setup of the cluster, the host port must be configured as trunk allowing that VLAN.

  However, in most common deployments, you can leave the VLAN ID empty and configure the host port in access mode.

The following two figures show two distinct network connectivity scenarios when connecting the Nexus Dashboard cluster to the fabrics via an external Layer 3 network. The primary purpose of each depends on the type of application you may be running in your Nexus Dashboard.

Connecting via External Layer 3 Network, Day-2 Operations Services

Connecting via External Layer 3 Network, Nexus Dashboard Orchestrator

Connecting the Nodes Directly to Leaf Switches

You can also connect the Nexus Dashboard cluster directly to one of the fabrics. This provides easy connectivity between the cluster and in-band management of the fabric, but ties the cluster to the specific fabric and requires reachability to other fabrics to be established through external connectivity. This also makes the cluster dependent on the specific fabric so issues within the fabric may impact Nexus Dashboard connectivity. Like in the previous example, connectivity depends on the type of applications deployed in the Nexus Dashboard:

• If you are deploying Nexus Dashboard Orchestrator to manage Cisco ACI fabrics only, you can establish connectivity from the data interface to either the in-band or out-of-band (OOB) interface of each fabric’s APIC.

• If you are deploying Nexus Dashboard Insights, you must establish connectivity from the data interface to the in-band interface of each fabric.

  For ACI fabrics, the data interface IP subnet connects to an EPG/BD in the fabric and must have a contract established to the local in-band EPG in the management tenant. We recommend deploying the Nexus Dashboard in the management tenant and in-band VRF. Connectivity to other fabrics is established via an L3Out.

• If you are deploying Nexus Dashboard Insights with ACI fabrics, the data interface IP address and the ACI fabric’s in-band IP address must be in different subnets.

If you plan to connect the cluster directly to the leaf switches, keep the following in mind:

• If deploying in VMware ESX or Linux KVM, the host must be connected to the fabric via trunk port.

• If you specify a VLAN ID for your data network during setup of the cluster, the Nexus Dashboard interface and the port on the connected network device must be configured as trunk

  However, in most cases we recommend not assigning a VLAN to the data network, in which case you must configure the ports in access mode.

• For ACI fabrics:

  • We recommend configuring the bridge domain (BD), subnet, and endpoint group (EPG) for Cisco Nexus Dashboard connectivity in management tenant.

    Because the Nexus Dashboard requires connectivity to the in-band EPG in the in-band VRF, creating the EPG in the management tenant means no route leaking is required.

  • You must create a contract between the fabric’s in-band management EPG and Cisco Nexus Dashboard EPG.

• If several fabrics are monitored with apps on the Services Engine cluster, L3Out with default route or specific route to other ACI fabric in-band EPG must be provisioned and a contract must be established between the cluster EPG and the L3Out’s external EPG.

The following two figures show two distinct network connectivity scenarios when connecting the Nexus Dashboard cluster directly to the fabrics' leaf switches. The primary purpose of each depends on the type of application you may be running in your Nexus Dashboard.

Connecting via an EPG/BD, Day-2 Operations Services

Connecting via an EPG/BD, Nexus Dashboard Orchestrator

After you have deployed the Nexus Dashboard cluster, you can perform all remaining actions using its GUI. To access Cisco Nexus Dashboard GUI, simply browse to any one of the nodes' management IP addresses:

https://<node-mgmt-ip>

Depending on the permissions of the user logged in to the Nexus Dashboard GUI, the UI will display only the objects and settings the user is allowed to access. The following sections describe all GUI elements as visible by an admin user. For more information on user configuration and permissions, see Users.

Admin Console

The Overview page of the admin console provides information about the current Nexus Dashboard cluster’s status, fabrics, services, and resources usage in the Platform View tab. You can switch to Journey tab to the Getting Started Map that provides a step-by-step guidance to help you discover different Nexus Dashboard features and initial workflows.

Overview

1. Current Cluster displays the name of the currently viewed cluster.

   This is enabled for multi-cluster deployments only and allows you to quickly switch to another connected cluster. Any fabric that is already onboarded is listed on this page, including the following: For more information about this feature, see Multi-Cluster Connectivity.

2. Platform View tab displays System Status, Cluster Health, and Cisco Intersight Status.

3. You can click on the Cluster Health or Connectivity to Intersight tile to view specific details about them. Current health status of the fabric as reported by the fabric’s controller.

4. Services tile displays the Fabrics by connectivity, as well as Services and Infra Services by status. List of services currently using the specific fabric.

   For additional information on onboarding fabrics, see Fabric Management.

5. Orchestrator tile indicates whether the fabrics are up (Healthy) or down (Degraded).

6. Fabrics is displayed in number of services that are healthy, have minor faults, or have critical faults. You can review Fabrics connectivity status to Nexus Dashboard and Fabric Type along the same tile.

7. Node tile provides overview of the nodes and Health status of the currently selected cluster.

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You can click different areas in the System Overview tab to open the corresponding GUI screens where you can see additional details or make configuration changes.

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Manage

This category contains the following pages:

• Fabrics — allows you to create and edit fabric details.

• Software Management — allows you to perform cluster (firmware) upgrades.

• Nodes — provides details of the nodes, pods, deployments, and other statistics like CPU and Memory Utilization about the currently selected cluster.

Analyze

This category contains the following pages:

• History and Logs — contains event history and audit logs from the platform and services.

• Tech Support — allows an administrator to collect technical support information about the cluster and deployed services.

• Service Status — provides details of the deployment status of currently installed services.

• System Resources — provides real-time information about the resource utilization of your Nexus Dashboard cluster.

Admin

This category contains the following pages:

• Backup and Restore — allows you to back up or restore cluster configuration.

• Authentication — allows you to configure remote authentication domains as described in Remote Authentication.

• Users — allows you to create and update local Nexus Dashboard users as described in Users or view the users configured on any remote authentication servers you added to the Nexus Dashboard.

• Security — allows you to view and edit the security configurations, such keys and certificates.

• System Settings — provides cluster details (such as name, app subnet, and service subnet), allows you to configure cluster-wide settings (such as DNS and NTP servers, persistent IP addresses, and routes), and displays any current issues in the cluster.

• Intersight — provides access to Cisco Intersight device connector configuration.

• App Infra Services — provides information about the infra services running on your Nexus Dashboard and allows you to restart individual microservices if needed.

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First Published: 2024-03-01
Last Modified: 2024-03-01

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