Virtual Infrastructure Manager, Release 12.1.3

The following table provides an overview of the significant changes up to this current release. The table does not provide an exhaustive list of all changes nor of the new features up to this release.

UI Path: Virtual Management > Virtual Infrastructure Manager

Ensure that you have enabled Network visualization of Virtual Machines feature for Cisco Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller.

The following table describes the fields that appear on Virtual Infrastructure Manager window:

Click Refresh icon to refresh the Virtual Infrastructure Manager table.

The following table describes the action items, in the Actions menu drop-down list, that appear on Virtual Infrastructure Manager window:

NDFC supports hosts running on UCS type B (chassis UCS) that are behind the Fabric interconnect. You must enable CDP of the vNIC on Cisco UCSM to use this feature.

By default, CDP is disabled on Cisco UCSM.

Consider two VMMs, VMM-A and VMM-B, for reference. After the discovery of Cisco UCS UCS B-Series Blade Servers, the Topology displays the blue colored VMM-A and VMM-B are fabric interconnect nodes. A sample topology is as shown in the figure below.

To enable CDP on UCSM, you must create a new Network Control policy using the following steps:

To apply the new policy to the ESX NICs, perform the following steps:

For more information about Cisco UCSM, refer to Cisco UCSM Network Management Guide.

Before you add IP address to vCenter, you must configure same IP address on Cisco Nexus Dashboard.

To configure Routes on Cisco Nexus Dashboard, perform the following steps:

You can perform various actions in the Actions menu drop-down list, that appear on Virtual Management > Virtual Infrastructure Manager.

Ensure that you have enabled Network Visualization of K8s clusters feature for Cisco Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller .
Choose Settings > Feature Management choose check box Kubernetes Visualizer and click Apply.

You can view the added Kubernetes Visualizer details on dashboard. Navigate Dashboard > Kubernetes Pods.

To enable LLDP on NDFC, choose Settings > Server > Settings > Discovery. Choose check box enable / disable neighbor link discovery using LLDP.

LLDP is applicable for Bare-metal Kubernetes clusters only.

LLDP feature is enabled on those fabric switches, to which the bare-metal cluster nodes are connected. They can also be connected to the border gateway switches. If the Fabric, to which the Kubernetes cluster is connected to, is discovered after the Cluster was discovered, you must rediscover the cluster to display the topology correctly.

If the Bare-metal-based Kubernetes cluster is discovered after configuring LLDP, you must rediscover the Baremetal cluster to display the topology correctly.

To find the bus.dev.fn for a given interface, run the following command and select the ID associated with the interface. The ID is highlighted in the below sample output.

When discovering or visualizing VM-based Kubernetes cluster, it must first onboard the vCenter cluster which is managing the VMs hosting the Kubernetes cluster being discovered. Without this, Kubernetes cluster discovery would result in failure.

Adding Kubernetes Cluster

You can perform various actions in the Actions menu drop-down list, that appear on Virtual Management > Virtual Infrastructure Manager.

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Ensure that you have configured same IP address on Routes. Refer to Configuring Routes IP Address.

---

1. Choose Actions > Add Instance

   The Add Instance window appears.

2. Choose Kubernetes Cluster from Select Type drop-down list.

3. Enter the Cluster IP address and the Username in appropriate fields.

4. Click Fetch CSR to obtain a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) from the Kubernetes Visualizer application.

   

   ---

   This option is disabled until you enter a valid Cluster IP address and username.

   ---

   Use the Fetch CSR only if you haven’t obtained the SSL certificate. If you already have a valid certificate, you need not fetch the CSR.

   Click Download CSR. The certificate details are saved in the <username>.csr in your directory. Paste the contents of the CSR to a file kubereader.csr, where kubereader is the username of the API Client to connect to Kubernetes.

   The CSR file name must adhere to naming convention [username].csr.

   

   ---

   As the certificates are generated on the Kubernetes cluster, you need Kubernetes admin privileges to generate certificates.
   Refer to Annexure to generate the certificate genk8clientcert.sh.

   ---

5. Login to the Kubernetes cluster controller node.

   You need admin privileges to generate the certificates.

6. Copy the genk8clientcert.sh and kubereader.csr from the NDFC server location to the Kubernetes Cluster controller node.

   Perform a "vnc cut and paste" operation to ensure that all the characters are copied correctly.

7. Generate the CSR for the user name, by using the genk8sclientcert.sh script.

   (k8s-root)# *./genk8sclientcert.sh kubereader 10.x.x.x*where,

   • kubereader is the username of the API Client to connect to Kubernetes. (as defined in Step 3).

   • 10.x.x.x is the IP address of the NDFC server.

     There are two new certificates generated in the same location:

   • k8s_cluster_ca.crt

   • username_dcnm-IP.crt

     For example: kubereader_10.x.x.x.crt (where, kubereader is the username, and 10.x.x.x is the NDFC IP address)

   ` dcnm(root)# cat k8s_cluster_ca.crt`

8. Use the cat command to extract the certificate from these 2 files.

   dcnm(root)# cat kubereader_10.x.x.x.crt
   dcnm(root)# cat k8s_cluster_ca.crt

   Provide these two certificates to the user, who is adding the Kubernetes cluster on Cisco NDFC.

9. Copy the content in the kubereader_10.x.x.x.crt to Client Certificate field.

   

   ---

   Perform a "vnc cut and paste" operation to ensure that all the characters are copied correctly.

   ---

10. Copy the content in the k8s_cluster_ca.crt to Cluster Certificate field.

    

    ---

    Perform a "vnc cut and paste" operation to ensure that all the characters are copied correctly.

    ---

11. Click Add.

    You can view added Kubernetes cluster in the VirtualInfrastructure Manager window.

    

    ---

    You can view details of the added Kubernetes cluster details on the dashboard and topology window. Navigate Dashboard > Kubernetes Pods and topology window.

    ---

12. To edit Kubernetes cluster, choose required cluster, choose Actions > Edit Instance, click Edit to modify the values appropriately. You can update the Cluster and the Client certificates. You can also update the Managed status of the Kubernetes cluster. If you choose to update the Managed status, certificates are not required.

    

    ---

    For the kubernetes cluster in Unmanaged status, you cannot view the topology and Kubernetes cluster details on dashboard.

    ---

13. Click Save to save the changes or click Cancel to discard changes.

14. To delete one or more Kubernetes Cluster, choose the required cluster, choose Actions > Delete Instance(s) to delete the cluster.

    

    ---

    All the data will be deleted if you delete the Cluster. The Cluster will be removed from the Topology view also.

    ---

15. Click Confirm to delete the cluster.

16. To rediscover one or more Kubernetes cluster, choose required Kubernetes cluster, choose Actions > Rediscover Instance(s).

    A confirmation message appears.

Ensure that you have enabled Network Visualization of Openstack Clusters feature for Cisco Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller. Choose Settings > Feature Management choose check box Openstack Visualizer and click Apply.

Ensure that the vCenter cluster or Kubernetes cluster feature must be enabled to add an openstack cluster.

Configuring AMQP Endpoints on OpenStack Cluster

• RabbitMQ notification (oslo.messaging) bus configuration should be completed on the OpenStack cluster.

  Make the following configuration changes in the OpenStack Nova service. Replace the parameter values as shown. The Nova configuration file is located at the path: /etc/nova/nova.conf+

[notifications]
notify_on_state_change=vm_and_task_state
default_level=INFO
notification_format=both

[oslo_messaging_notifications]
driver = messagingv2
transport_url=rabbit://guest:guest@X.X.X.X:5672/
topics=notifications
retry=-1

---

transport_url is the address of the RabbitMQ endpoint hosted on the server having IP X.X.X.X at port 5672. Replace it with the appropriate server IP address.

---

---

guest:guest is the username and password to connect to the endpoint. Also, open port 5672 by setting the appropriate 'iptables' rule so that the monitoring application client can connect to the port and read the notification data.

---

• OpenStack plugin receives and handles the real-time change notifications from the OpenStack cluster and updates the topology description information. The real-time change notifications are related to the change of state of VM (for example, adding, deleting, or updating a VM) and change of state of network (for example, shutting down of a link between VM and the virtual switch).

• Powering on of a cluster node reflects in the topology view. The corresponding node is added to the cluster view. Similarly, powering down of a cluster node reflects in the topology view. The corresponding node is removed from the cluster view.

• Adding or deleting a node (controller, compute, or storage) in the OpenStack cluster is reflected automatically in NDFC in the Topology cluster view.

The following message is displayed, after the certificates are generated successfully:

#!/usr/bin/bash
#############################################################
# Title: Script to provision the client CSR and generat the #
#        the client SSL certificate.                        #
#############################################################

# Create CSR resource template.
function create_csr_resource() {
    K8SUSER=$1
    DCNM=$2
    FILE=${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}_csr_res.yaml
    echo "
apiVersion: certificates.k8s.io/v1
kind: CertificateSigningRequest
metadata:
  name: ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}csr
spec:
  groups:
  - system:authenticated
  request: ${BASE64_CSR}
  signerName: kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client
  usages:
  - digital signature
  - key encipherment
  - client auth" > $FILE
}

# Create CLUSTER ROLE resource template
function create_cluster_role() {
    K8SUSER=$1
    DCNM=$2
    FILE=${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}_cluster_role_res.yaml
    echo "
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: clustrole_${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}
rules:
- apiGroups: [\"\"]
  resources: ["nodes", "namespaces", "pods", "services"]
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]" > $FILE
}

# Create CLUSTER ROLE BINDING template
function create_cluster_role_binding() {
    K8SUSER=$1
    DCNM=$2
    FILE=${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}_cluster_rolebinding_res.yaml
    echo "
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: clustrolebind_${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: clustrole_${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
subjects:
- kind: User
  name: ${K8SUSER}
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io" > $FILE
}

function valid_ip() {
    local  ip=$1
    local  stat=1

    if [[ $ip =~ ^[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$ ]]; then
        OIFS=$IFS
        IFS='.'
        ip=($ip)
        IFS=$OIFS
        [[ ${ip[0]} -le 255 && ${ip[1]} -le 255 \
            && ${ip[2]} -le 255 && ${ip[3]} -le 255 ]]
        stat=$?
    fi
    return $stat
}

# Start of the script
if [ "$#" -ne 2 ]; then
    echo "Please provide the username and IP of the DCNM"
    echo
    exit 1
else

    # Check if user have required K8s privileges
    LINUX_USER=$(whoami)
    K8S_CONF_PATH=""
    echo
    echo "Hello ${LINUX_USER}! I am going to help you generate K8s cluster CA and K8s client certificate."

    if [ ${LINUX_USER} == "root" ] ; then
        # You are root
        if [ ! -d "/root/.kube" ] ; then
            echo
            echo "Directory /root/.kube does not exists."
            echo "User ${LINUX_USER} does not have required K8s privileges"
            echo "Please make sure you are logged into K8s cluster's master node"
            echo
            exit 1
        else
            K8S_CONF_PATH=/${LINUX_USER}/.kube/config
        fi
    else
        # You are not root
        if [ ! -d "/home/${LINUX_USER}/.kube" ] ; then
            echo
            echo "Directory /home/${LINUX_USER}/.kube does not exists."
            echo "User ${LINUX_USER} does not have required K8s privileges"
            echo "Please make sure you are logged into K8s cluster's master node"
            echo
            exit 1
        else
            K8S_CONF_PATH=/home/${LINUX_USER}/.kube/config
        fi
    fi

    # Check if K8s config file exist
    if [ ! -f ${K8S_CONF_PATH} ]; then
        echo
        echo "${K8S_CONF_PATH} file does not exist"
        echo "K8s CA certificate can not be exported"
        echo "Please make sure you are logged into K8s cluster's master node"
        echo
        exit 1
    fi

    K8SUSER=$1
    DCNM=$2
    K8S_CA_CRT="k8s_cluster_ca.crt"

    # Validate the IP address
    if valid_ip $DCNM; then
        echo -e
    else
        echo "${2} is not a valid IP address"
        echo
        exit 1
    fi

    # Validate the CSR file format
    if [ ${K8SUSER: -4} == ".csr" ]; then
        K8SUSER=${K8SUSER%.csr}
    fi

    if [ ! -f "./${K8SUSER}.csr" ]; then
        echo
        echo "./${K8SUSER}.csr does not exist"
        echo "CSR file is required for creation of client certificate"
        echo
        exit 1
    fi

    echo "Generating certificate for ${K8SUSER} for DCNM ${DCNM}"
    echo

    # Encoding the .csr file in base64
    export BASE64_CSR=$(cat ./${K8SUSER}.csr | tr -d '\n')

    # Create the CSR resource in K8s cluster
    create_csr_resource $K8SUSER $DCNM

    # Delete if the CSR resource already exist. We need a fresh one.
    kubectl delete csr ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}csr &> /dev/null
    status=$?
    if test $status -eq 0
    then
        echo "./${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}csr CSR resource already exist, removing it"
    else
        echo "./${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}csr CSR resource does not exist, creating it"
    fi

    # Create the CertificateSigninRequest resource
    kubectl apply -f ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}_csr_res.yaml

    # Check the status of the newly created CSR
    kubectl get csr

    # Approve this CSR
    echo "Approving the CSR"
    kubectl certificate approve ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}csr

    # Check the status of the newly created CSR
    kubectl get csr

    # Create role resource definition
    kubectl delete clusterrole clustrole_${K8SUSER}_${DCNM} &> /dev/null
    create_cluster_role $K8SUSER $DCNM
    kubectl apply -f ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}_cluster_role_res.yaml

    # Create role binding definition
    kubectl delete clusterrolebinding clustrolebind_${K8SUSER}_${DCNM} &> /dev/null
    create_cluster_role_binding $K8SUSER $DCNM
    kubectl apply -f ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}_cluster_rolebinding_res.yaml

    # Extract the client certificate
    echo "Extracting the user SSL certificate"
    kubectl get csr ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}csr -o jsonpath='{.status.certificate}' > ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}.crt
    echo "" >> ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}.crt

    # Export the K8s cluster CA cert
    if [ -f ${K8S_CONF_PATH} ]; then
        echo "Exporting K8s CA certificate"
        cat ${K8S_CONF_PATH} | grep certificate-authority-data | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' > ${K8S_CA_CRT}
    fi
    echo
    echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
    echo "Notes: "
    echo "1. The K8s CA certificate is copied into ${K8S_CA_CRT} file."
    echo "      This to be copied into \"Cluster CA\" field."
    echo "2. The client certificate is copied into ${K8SUSER}_${DCNM}.crt file."
    echo "      This to be copied into \"Client Certificate\" field."
    echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
    echo
fi

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