Este documento muestra configuraciones de ejemplo para la autenticación extendida (Xauth) de TACACS+ y RADIUS Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Xauth le permite implementar la seguridad IP (IPSec) en redes privadas virtuales (VPN) mediante TACACS+ o RADIUS como método de autenticación de usuario dentro del protocolo de intercambio de claves de Internet (IKE). Esta función proporciona autenticación a un usuario que tiene instalado CiscoSecure VPN Client 1.1 en su PC, solicitando al usuario un nombre de usuario y una contraseña, y luego los verifica con la información almacenada en el servidor de autenticación, autorización y contabilidad (AAA), la base de datos TACACS+ o RADIUS. La autenticación se produce entre la fase IKE 1 y la fase IKE 2. Si el usuario se autentica correctamente, se establece una asociación de seguridad (SA) de fase 2 después de la cual se pueden enviar datos de forma segura a la red protegida.
Xauth incluye solamente autenticación, no autorización (donde los usuarios pueden ir una vez que se establece la conexión). La contabilidad (a donde fueron los usuarios) no se implementa.
La configuración debe funcionar sin Xauth antes de implementar Xauth. En nuestro ejemplo se muestra la configuración de modo (configuración de modo) y la traducción de direcciones de red (NAT) además de Xauth, pero se supone que la conectividad IPSec está presente antes de agregar los comandos Xauth.
Asegúrese de que Xauth local (nombre de usuario/contraseña en el router) funcione antes de intentar con TACACS+ o RADIUS Xauth.
No hay requisitos específicos para este documento.
La información que contiene este documento se basa en las siguientes versiones de software y hardware.
VPN Client versión 1.1 (o posterior)
Cisco IOS® versiones 12.1.2.2.T, 12.1.2.2.P (o posterior)
La autenticación RADIUS se probó con Cisco 3640 que ejecuta c3640-jo3s56i-mz.121-2.3.T
The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. If your network is live, make sure that you understand the potential impact of any command.
Consulte Convenciones de Consejos Técnicos de Cisco para obtener más información sobre las convenciones sobre documentos.
En esta sección encontrará la información para configurar las funciones descritas en este documento.
Nota: Utilice la herramienta Command Lookup (sólo para clientes registrados) para obtener más información sobre los comandos utilizados en esta sección.
En este documento, se utiliza esta configuración de red:
Network Security policy: 1- Myconn My Identity = ip address Connection security: Secure Remote Party Identity and addressing ID Type: IP subnet 10.13.1.0 (range of inside network) Port all Protocol all Connect using secure tunnel ID Type: IP address 99.99.99.1 Pre-shared key = cisco1234 Authentication (Phase 1) Proposal 1 Authentication method: pre-shared key Encryp Alg: DES Hash Alg: MD5 SA life: Unspecified Key Group: DH 1 Key exchange (Phase 2) Proposal 1 Encapsulation ESP Encrypt Alg: DES Hash Alg: MD5 Encap: tunnel SA life: Unspecified no AH 2- Other Connections Connection security: Non-secure Local Network Interface Name: Any IP Addr: Any Port: All
Con Xauth habilitado en el router, cuando el usuario intenta conectarse a un dispositivo dentro del router (aquí hicimos un ping -t #.#.#.#), aparece una pantalla gris:
User Authentication for 3660 Username: Password:
Configuración del servidor
La autenticación Xauth puede ser realizada por TACACS+ o por RADIUS. Queríamos estar seguros de que a los usuarios de Xauth se les permitía hacer Xauth, pero no se les permitía telnet al router, así que agregamos el comando aaa authorization exec. Le dimos a los usuarios de RADIUS "reply-attribute Service-Type=Outbound=5" (en lugar de Administrative o Login). En CiscoSecure UNIX, esto es "Saliente"; en CiscoSecure NT, se trata de "Maralout Framed" (Marcado de salida enmarcado). Si estos fueran usuarios de TACACS+, no les daríamos permisos de shell/exec.
Configuración del router para TACACS+ o RADIUS Xauth |
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Current configuration: ! version 12.1 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname carter ! !--- Enable AAA and define authentication and authorization parameters aaa new-model aaa authentication login default group radius|tacacs+ none aaa authentication login xauth_list group radius|tacacs+ aaa authorization exec default group radius|tacacs+ none enable secret 5 $1$VY18$uO2CRnqUzugV0NYtd14Gg0 enable password ww ! username john password 0 doe ! ip subnet-zero ip audit notify log ip audit po max-events 100 cns event-service server ! crypto isakmp policy 10 hash md5 authentication pre-share crypto isakmp key cisco1234 address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 crypto isakmp client configuration address-pool local ourpool ! crypto ipsec transform-set mypolicy esp-des esp-md5-hmac ! crypto dynamic-map dyna 10 set transform-set mypolicy ! crypto map test client authentication list xauth_list crypto map test client configuration address initiate crypto map test client configuration address respond crypto map test 5 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dyna ! interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 10.13.1.48 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache no mop enabled ! interface TokenRing0/0 no ip address shutdown ring-speed 16 ! interface Ethernet2/0 ip address 99.99.99.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat outside no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache no mop enabled crypto map test ! interface TokenRing2/0 no ip address shutdown ring-speed 16 ! ip local pool ourpool 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.254 ip nat pool outsidepool 99.99.99.50 99.99.99.60 netmask 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside source route-map nonat pool outsidepool ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.13.1.1 no ip http server ! access-list 101 deny ip 10.13.1.0 0.0.0.255 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 101 permit ip 10.13.1.0 0.0.0.255 any dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit dialer-list 1 protocol ipx permit route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 101 ! !--- Define TACACS server host and key parameters tacacs-server host 172.18.124.114 tacacs-server key cisco radius-server host 172.18.124.114 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646 radius-server retransmit 3 radius-server key cisco ! line con 0 transport input none line aux 0 line vty 0 4 password WW ! end |
Actualmente, no hay un procedimiento de verificación disponible para esta configuración.
En esta sección encontrará información que puede utilizar para solucionar problemas de configuración.
La herramienta Output Interpreter Tool (clientes registrados solamente) (OIT) soporta ciertos comandos show. Utilice la OIT para ver un análisis del resultado del comando show.
Nota: Consulte Información Importante sobre Comandos Debug antes de utilizar los comandos debug.
debug aaa authentication — Muestra información sobre autenticación de AAA/TACACS+.
debug crypto isakmp — Muestra mensajes acerca de eventos IKE.
debug crypto ipsec — Muestra eventos de IPSec.
debug crypto key-exchange: muestra los mensajes de intercambio de claves públicas de Digital Signature Standard (DSS).
debug radius: muestra información asociada con RADIUS.
debug tacacs—Muestra información asociada con el TACACS.
clear crypto isakmp—Especifica qué conexión se borrará.
clear crypto sa: elimina las asociaciones de seguridad IPSec.
Nota: La depuración TACACS+ sería muy similar. Utilice el comando debug tacacs+ en lugar del comando debug radius.
Carter#show debug General OS: AAA Authentication debugging is on Radius protocol debugging is on Cryptographic Subsystem: Crypto ISAKMP debugging is on Crypto Engine debugging is on Crypto IPSEC debugging is on Carter#term mon 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:0): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (N) NEW SA 03:12:54: ISAKMP: local port 500, remote port 500 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): Setting client config settings 6269C36C 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): (Re)Setting client xauth list xauth_list and state 03:12:54: ISAKMP: Created a peer node for 99.99.99.5 03:12:54: ISAKMP: Locking struct 6269C36C from crypto_ikmp_config_initialize_sa 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing SA payload. message ID = 0 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): found peer pre-shared key matching 99.99.99.5 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): Checking ISAKMP transform 1 against priority 10 policy 03:12:54: ISAKMP: encryption DES-CBC 03:12:54: ISAKMP: hash MD5 03:12:54: ISAKMP: default group 1 03:12:54: ISAKMP: auth pre-share 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): atts are acceptable. Next payload is 0 03:12:54: CryptoEngine0: generate alg parameter 03:12:54: CRYPTO_ENGINE: Dh phase 1 status: 0 03:12:54: CRYPTO_ENGINE: DH phase 1 status: 0 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): SA is doing pre-shared key authentication using id type ID_IPV4_ADDR 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) MM_SA_SETUP 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) MM_SA_SETUP 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing KE payload. Message ID = 0 03:12:54: CryptoEngine0: generate alg parameter 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing NONCE payload. Message ID = 0 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): found peer pre-shared key matching 99.99.99.5 03:12:54: CryptoEngine0: create ISAKMP SKEYID for conn id 1 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): SKEYID state generated 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing vendor id payload 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing vendor id payload 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): processing ID payload. Message ID = 0 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): processing HASH payload. Message ID = 0 03:12:55: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): processing NOTIFY INITIAL_CONTACT protocol 1 spi 0, message ID = 0 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): SA has been authenticated with 99.99.99.5 03:12:55: ISAKMP (1): ID payload next-payload : 8 type : 1 protocol : 17 port : 500 length : 8 03:12:55: ISAKMP (1): Total payload length: 12 03:12:55: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:12:55: CryptoEngine0: clear DH number for conn id 1 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): (Re)Setting client xauth list xauth_list and state 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): Need XAUTH 03:12:55: AAA: parse name=ISAKMP idb type=-1 tty=-1 03:12:55: AAA/MEMORY: create_user (0x6269AD80) user='' ruser='' port='ISAKMP' rem_addr='99.99.99.5' authen_type=ASCII service=LOGIN priv=0 03:12:55: AAA/AUTHEN/START (2289801324): port='ISAKMP' list='xauth_list' action=LOGIN service=LOGIN 03:12:55: AAA/AUTHEN/START (2289801324): found list xauth_list 03:12:55: AAA/AUTHEN/START (2289801324): Method=radius (radius) 03:12:55: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = GETUSER 03:12:55: ISAKMP: got callback 1 03:12:55: ISAKMP/xauth: request attribute XAUTH_TYPE 03:12:55: ISAKMP/xauth: request attribute XAUTH_MESSAGE 03:12:55: ISAKMP/xauth: request attribute XAUTH_USER_NAME 03:12:55: ISAKMP/xauth: request attribute XAUTH_USER_PASSWORD 03:12:55: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): initiating peer config to 99.99.99.5. ID = -280774539 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): retransmitting phase 2 CONF_XAUTH -280774539 ... 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): incrementing error counter on sa: retransmit phase 2 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): incrementing error counter on sa: retransmit phase 2 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): retransmitting phase 2 -280774539 CONF_XAUTH 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:02: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:02: ISAKMP (0:1): processing transaction payload from 99.99.99.5. Message ID = -280774539 03:13:02: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:02: ISAKMP: Config payload REPLY 03:13:02: ISAKMP/xauth: reply attribute XAUTH_TYPE 03:13:02: ISAKMP/xauth: reply attribute XAUTH_USER_NAME 03:13:02: ISAKMP/xauth: reply attribute XAUTH_USER_PASSWORD 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN/CONT (2289801324): continue_login (user='(undef)') 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = GETUSER 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): Method=radius (radius) 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = GETPASS 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN/CONT (2289801324): continue_login (user='zeke') 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = GETPASS 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): Method=radius (radius) 03:13:02: RADIUS: ustruct sharecount=2 03:13:02: RADIUS: Initial Transmit ISAKMP id 29 172.18.124.114:1645, Access-Request, len 68 03:13:02: Attribute 4 6 0A0D0130 03:13:02: Attribute 61 6 00000000 03:13:02: Attribute 1 6 7A656B65 03:13:02: Attribute 31 12 39392E39 03:13:02: Attribute 2 18 D687A79D 03:13:02: RADIUS: Received from id 29 172.18.124.114:1645, Access-Accept, Len 26 03:13:02: Attribute 6 6 00000005 03:13:02: RADIUS: saved authorization data for user 6269AD80 at 62634D0C 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = PASS 03:13:02: ISAKMP: got callback 1 03:13:02: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:02: ISAKMP (0:1): initiating peer config to 99.99.99.5. ID = -280774539 03:13:02: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): processing transaction payload from 99.99.99.5. Message ID = -280774539 03:13:03: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:03: ISAKMP: Config payload ACK 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): deleting node -280774539 error FALSE reason "done with transaction" 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): allocating address 10.2.1.2 03:13:03: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): initiating peer config to 99.99.99.5. ID = 2130856112 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_ADDR 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_ADDR 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): processing transaction payload from 99.99.99.5. Message ID = 2130856112 03:13:03: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:03: ISAKMP: Config payload ACK 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): peer accepted the address! 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): adding static route for 10.2.1.2 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): installing route 10.2.1.2 255.255.255.255 99.99.99.5 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): deleting node 2130856112 error FALSE reason "done with transaction" 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): Delaying response to QM request. 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) QM_IDLE 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): (Re)Setting client xauth list xauth_list and state 03:13:04: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing HASH payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing SA payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): Checking IPSec proposal 1 03:13:04: ISAKMP: transform 1, ESP_DES 03:13:04: ISAKMP: attributes in transform: 03:13:04: ISAKMP: authenticator is HMAC-MD5 03:13:04: ISAKMP: encaps is 1 03:13:04: validate proposal 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): atts are acceptable. 03:13:04: IPSEC(validate_proposal_request): proposal part #1, (key eng. msg.) dest= 99.99.99.1, src= 99.99.99.5, dest_proxy= 10.13.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), src_proxy= 10.2.1.2/255.255.255.255/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= ESP-Des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0x0(0), conn_id= 0, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 03:13:04: validate proposal request 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing NONCE payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing ID payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (1): ID_IPV4_ADDR src 10.2.1.2 prot 0 port 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing ID payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (1): ID_IPV4_ADDR_SUBNET dst 10.13.1.0/255.255.255.0 port 0 port 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): asking for 1 spis from ipsec 03:13:04: IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event... 03:13:04: IPSEC(spi_response): getting spi 570798685 for SA from 99.99.99.5 to 99.99.99.1 for prot 3 03:13:04: ISAKMP: received ke message (2/1) 03:13:04: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) QM_IDLE 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) QM_IDLE 03:13:04: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:04: ipsec allocate flow 0 03:13:04: ipsec allocate flow 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): Creating IPSec SAs 03:13:04: inbound SA from 99.99.99.5 to 99.99.99.1 (proxy 10.2.1.2 to 10.13.1.0) 03:13:04: has spi 0x2205B25D and conn_id 2000 and flags 4 03:13:04: outbound SA from 99.99.99.1 to 99.99.99.5 (proxy 10.13.1.0 to 10.2.1.2) 03:13:04: has spi -1338747879 and conn_id 2001 and flags 4 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): deleting node -195511155 error FALSE reason "saved qm no longer needed" 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): deleting node -1651205463 error FALSE reason "quick mode done (await()" 03:13:04: IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event... 03:13:04: IPSEC(initialize_sas): , (key eng. msg.) dest= 99.99.99.1, src= 99.99.99.5, dest_proxy= 10.13.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), src_proxy= 10.2.1.2/0.0.0.0/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0x2205B25D(570798685), conn_id= 2000, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 03:13:04: IPSEC(initialize_sas): , (key eng. msg.) src= 99.99.99.1, dest= 99.99.99.5, src_proxy= 10.13.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), dest_proxy= 10.2.1.2/0.0.0.0/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0xB0345419(2956219417), conn_id= 2001, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 03:13:04: IPSEC(create_sa): sa created, (sa) sa_dest= 99.99.99.1, sa_prot= 50, sa_spi= 0x2205B25D(570798685), sa_trans= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , sa_conn_id= 2000 03:13:04: IPSEC(create_sa): sa created, (sa) sa_dest= 99.99.99.5, sa_prot= 50, sa_spi= 0xB0345419(2956219417), sa_trans= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , sa_conn_id= 2001 03:13:04: ISAKMP: received ke message (4/1) 03:13:04: ISAKMP: Locking struct 6269C36C for IPSEC 03:13:05: IPSEC(decapsulate): error in decapsulation crypto_ipsec_sa_exists
Revisión | Fecha de publicación | Comentarios |
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1.0 |
21-Jan-2005 |
Versión inicial |