Configuration et vérification de la fonction NAT sur FTD

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Mis à jour:19 décembre 2024

ID du document:212702

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Table des matières

Introduction

Conditions préalables

Exigences

Composants utilisés

Informations générales

Configurer

Diagramme du réseau

Tâche 1 : configuration de la fonction NAT statique sur FTD

Tâche 2 : configuration de la traduction d’adresses de port (PAT) sur FTD

Tâche 3 : configuration de l’exemption NAT sur FTD

Tâche 4. Configuration de la fonction NAT d’objet sur FTD

Tâche 5. Configuration du pool PAT sur FTD

Vérifier

Dépannage

Informations connexes

Introduction

Ce document décrit comment configurer et vérifier la traduction d'adresses réseau (NAT) de base sur Firepower Threat Defense (FTD).

Conditions préalables

Exigences

Aucune exigence spécifique n'est associée à ce document.

Composants utilisés

Les informations contenues dans ce document sont basées sur les versions de matériel et de logiciel suivantes :

ASA5506X qui exécute le code FTD 6.1.0-226
FireSIGHT Management Center (FMC) qui exécute 6.1.0-226
3 hôtes Windows 7
Routeur Cisco IOS® 3925 qui exécute un VPN LAN à LAN (L2L)

Durée des travaux pratiques : 1 heure

The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. Si votre réseau est en ligne, assurez-vous de bien comprendre l’incidence possible des commandes.

Informations générales

FTD prend en charge les mêmes options de configuration NAT que l'appliance de sécurité adaptatif (ASA) classique :

Règles NAT antérieures : équivalent à deux fois la NAT (section 1) sur l'ASA classique.
Règles NAT automatiques - Section 2 sur ASA classique
Règles NAT après : équivalent à deux fois la NAT (section 3) sur l'ASA classique.

Étant donné que la configuration FTD est effectuée à partir du FMC lorsqu’il s’agit de la configuration NAT, il est nécessaire de connaître l’interface utilisateur graphique du FMC et les différentes options de configuration.

Configurer

Diagramme du réseau

Tâche 1 : configuration de la fonction NAT statique sur FTD

Configurez la fonction NAT conformément à ces exigences :

Nom de stratégie NAT	Nom du périphérique FTD
Règle NAT	Règle NAT manuelle
Type NAT	static
Insérer	À la section 1
Interface source	intérieur*
Interface de destination	dmz*
Source initiale	192.168.75.14
Source traduite	192.168.76.100

*Utiliser les zones de sécurité pour la règle NAT

Configure Static NAT on FTD

NAT statique

Solution :

Sur un ASA classique, vous devez utiliser nameif dans les règles NAT. Sur FTD, vous devez utiliser des zones de sécurité ou des groupes d'interfaces.

Étape 1. Attribution d’interfaces aux zones de sécurité/groupes d’interfaces

Dans cette tâche, il est décidé d'attribuer les interfaces FTD utilisées pour la fonction NAT aux zones de sécurité. Vous pouvez également les affecter à des groupes d'interfaces, comme illustré dans l'image.

Assign FTD Interfaces

Étape 2. Le résultat est tel qu’illustré dans l’image.

Interfaces Assigned

Étape 3. Vous pouvez créer/modifier des groupes d'interfaces et des zones de sécurité à partir de la page Objets > Gestion des objets, comme illustré dans l'image.

Create/Edit Interface Groups and Security Zones

Zones de sécurité et groupes d'interfaces

La principale différence entre les zones de sécurité et les groupes d'interfaces est qu'une interface peut appartenir à une seule zone de sécurité, mais à plusieurs groupes d'interfaces. Ainsi, les groupes d'interfaces offrent plus de flexibilité.

Vous pouvez voir que l'interface interne appartient à deux groupes d'interfaces différents, mais à une seule zone de sécurité comme le montre l'image.

Interface Inside Belongs to Two Different Interface Groups

Étape 4 : configuration de la fonction NAT statique sur FTD

Accédez à Devices > NAT et créez une stratégie NAT. Sélectionnez New Policy > Threat Defense NAT comme indiqué dans l'image.

Étape 5. Spécifiez le nom de la stratégie et attribuez-le à un équipement cible comme illustré dans l’image.

Specify a Policy Name and Assign it to a Target Device

Étape 6. Ajout d’une règle NAT à la stratégie, cliquez sur Add Rule.

Spécifiez-les en fonction des exigences des tâches, comme indiqué dans les images.

Add NAT Rule

Original Source and Original Destination

Hôte-A = 192.168.75.14

Hôte-B = 192.168.76.100

firepower# show run object
object network Host-A
 host 192.168.75.14
object network Host-B
 host 192.168.76.100

Avertissement : Si vous configurez la NAT statique et spécifiez une interface comme source traduite, alors tout le trafic destiné à l'adresse IP de l'interface est redirigé. Les utilisateurs ne peuvent accéder à aucun service activé sur l'interface mappée. Les protocoles de routage tels que OSPF et EIGRP sont des exemples de tels services.

Étape 7. Le résultat est tel qu’illustré dans l’image.

NAT is Configured

Étape 8. Assurez-vous qu’une stratégie de contrôle d’accès autorise l’hôte B à accéder à l’hôte A et vice versa. Souvenez-vous que la fonction NAT statique est bidirectionnelle par défaut. Comme pour les ASA classiques, reportez-vous à l’utilisation d’adresses IP réelles.Ceci est prévu car dans ces travaux pratiques, LINA exécute le code 9.6.1.x comme illustré dans l’image.

Access Control Policy that Allows Host-B to Access Host-A and Vice Versa

Vérification :

À partir de LINA CLI :

firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B

La règle NAT a été insérée dans la section 1 comme prévu :

firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

Remarque : Les 2 xlate créés en arrière-plan.

firepower# show xlate
2 in use, 4 most used
Flags: D - DNS, e - extended, I - identity, i - dynamic, r - portmap,
       s - static, T - twice, N - net-to-net
NAT from inside:192.168.75.14 to dmz:192.168.76.100
    flags sT idle 0:41:49 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from dmz:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 0:41:49 timeout 0:00:00

Les tables NAT ASP :

firepower# show asp table classify domain nat

Input Table
in  id=0x7ff6036a9f50, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside

Output Table:
L2 - Output Table:
L2 - Input Table:
Last clearing of hits counters: Never

firepower# show asp table classify domain nat-reverse

Input Table

Output Table:
out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff603638470, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz

L2 - Output Table:
L2 - Input Table:
Last clearing of hits counters: Never

Activez la capture avec les détails de trace sur FTD et envoyez une requête ping de l’hôte B à l’hôte A, comme illustré dans l’image.

firepower# capture DMZ interface dmz trace detail match ip host 192.168.76.14 host 192.168.76.100
firepower# capture INSIDE interface inside trace detail match ip host 192.168.76.14 host 192.168.75.14

Enable Capture

Le nombre d'occurrences se trouve dans les tables ASP :

firepower# show asp table classify domain nat

Input Table
in  id=0x7ff6036a9f50, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside

firepower# show asp table classify domain nat-reverse

Input Table

Output Table:
out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff603638470, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz

La capture de paquets montre :

firepower# show capture DMZ
8 packets captured
   1: 17:38:26.324812       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   2: 17:38:26.326505       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
   3: 17:38:27.317991       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   4: 17:38:27.319456       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
   5: 17:38:28.316344       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   6: 17:38:28.317824       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
   7: 17:38:29.330518       192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request
   8: 17:38:29.331983       192.168.76.100 > 192.168.76.14: icmp: echo reply
8 packets shown

Traces d’un paquet (les points importants sont mis en surbrillance).

Remarque : ID de la règle NAT et sa corrélation avec la table ASP.

firepower# show capture DMZ packet-number 3 trace detail
8 packets captured
   3: 17:38:27.317991 000c.2998.3fec d8b1.90b7.32e0 0x0800 Length: 74
      192.168.76.14 > 192.168.76.100: icmp: echo request (ttl 128, id 9975)
	  
Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602c72be0, priority=13, domain=capture, deny=false
        hits=55, user_data=0x7ff602b74a50, cs_id=0x0, l3_type=0x0
        src mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        dst mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff603612200, priority=1, domain=permit, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, l3_type=0x8
        src mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        dst mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0100.0000.0000
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 3
Type: UN-NAT
Subtype: static
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
Additional Information:
NAT divert to egress interface inside
Untranslate 192.168.76.100/0 to 192.168.75.14/0

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip host 192.168.76.14 host 192.168.75.14 rule-id 268434440
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434440: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Mandatory/2
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434440: L4 RULE: Host-B to Host-A
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602b72610, priority=12, domain=permit, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x7ff5fa9d0180, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.76.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, ifc=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, ifc=any, vlan=0, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=any, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff60367cf80, priority=7, domain=conn-set, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x7ff603677080, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.76.14/1 to 192.168.76.14/1
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=1, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
		
Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602220020, priority=0, domain=nat-per-session, deny=true
        hits=2, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=any, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff6035c0af0, priority=0, domain=inspect-ip-options, deny=true
        hits=1, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 9
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect icmp
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602b5f020, priority=70, domain=inspect-icmp, deny=false
        hits=2, user_data=0x7ff602be7460, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=1
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-type=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-code=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 10
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602b3a6d0, priority=70, domain=inspect-icmp-error, deny=false
        hits=2, user_data=0x7ff603672ec0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=1
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-type=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, icmp-code=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 11
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=2, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
		
Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Reverse Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602220020, priority=0, domain=nat-per-session, deny=true
        hits=4, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=any, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Reverse Flow based lookup yields rule:
 in  id=0x7ff602c56d10, priority=0, domain=inspect-ip-options, deny=true
        hits=2, user_data=0x0, cs_id=0x0, reverse, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=any
		
Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 5084, packet dispatched to next module
Module information for forward flow ...
snp_fp_inspect_ip_options
snp_fp_snort
snp_fp_inspect_icmp
snp_fp_translate
snp_fp_adjacency
snp_fp_fragment
snp_ifc_stat
Module information for reverse flow ...
snp_fp_inspect_ip_options
snp_fp_translate
snp_fp_inspect_icmp
snp_fp_snort
snp_fp_adjacency
snp_fp_fragment
snp_ifc_stat

Phase: 15
Type: EXTERNAL-INSPECT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Application: 'SNORT Inspect'

Phase: 16
Type: SNORT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Snort Verdict: (pass-packet) allow this packet

Phase: 17
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.75.14 using egress ifc  inside

Phase: 18
Type: ADJACENCY-LOOKUP
Subtype: next-hop and adjacency
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
adjacency Active
next-hop mac address 000c.2930.2b78 hits 140694538708414

Phase: 19
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
 Forward Flow based lookup yields rule:
 out id=0x7ff6036a94e0, priority=13, domain=capture, deny=false
        hits=14, user_data=0x7ff6024aff90, cs_id=0x0, l3_type=0x0
        src mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        dst mac=0000.0000.0000, mask=0000.0000.0000
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=any
		
Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: inside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow
1 packet shown

Tâche 2 : configuration de la traduction d’adresses de port (PAT) sur FTD

Configurez la fonction NAT conformément à ces exigences :

Règle NAT	Règle NAT manuelle
Type NAT	Dynamique
Insérer	À la section 1
Interface source	intérieur*
Interface de destination	extérieur*
Source initiale	192.168.75.0/24
Source traduite	Interface externe (PAT)

*Utiliser les zones de sécurité pour la règle NAT

Configure Port Address Translation

NAT statique

TAPE

Solution :

Étape 1 : ajout d’une deuxième règle NAT et configuration en fonction des exigences de la tâche, comme illustré dans l’image.

Add a Second NAT Rule

Étape 2. Voici comment la fonction PAT est configurée, comme illustré dans l’image.

PAT Configuration

Étape 3. Le résultat est tel qu’illustré dans l’image.

End Result of PAT Configuration

Étape 4. Pour le reste de ces travaux pratiques, configurez la stratégie de contrôle d’accès pour autoriser l’acheminement de tout le trafic.

Vérification :

Configuration NAT :

firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
2 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

À partir de LINA CLI, notez la nouvelle entrée :

firepower# show xlate
3 in use, 19 most used
Flags: D - DNS, e - extended, I - identity, i - dynamic, r - portmap,
       s - static, T - twice, N - net-to-net
NAT from inside:192.168.75.14 to dmz:192.168.76.100
    flags sT idle 1:15:14 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from dmz:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 1:15:14 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from outside:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 0:04:02 timeout 0:00:00

Activez la capture sur l'interface interne et externe. Sur la capture interne, activez la trace :

firepower# capture CAPI trace interface inside match ip host 192.168.75.14 host 192.168.77.1
firepower# capture CAPO interface outside match ip any host 192.168.77.1

Envoyez une requête ping à partir de l’hôte A (192.168.75.14) vers l’adresse IP 192.168.77.1, comme indiqué dans l’image.

Ping from Host-A to IP Address

Dans les captures LINA, vous pouvez voir la traduction PAT :

firepower# show cap CAPI
8 packets captured
   1: 18:54:43.658001       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   2: 18:54:43.659099       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply
   3: 18:54:44.668544       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   4: 18:54:44.669505       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply
   5: 18:54:45.682368       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   6: 18:54:45.683421       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply
   7: 18:54:46.696436       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   8: 18:54:46.697412       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.75.14: icmp: echo reply

firepower# show cap CAPO
8 packets captured
   1: 18:54:43.658672       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   2: 18:54:43.658962       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply
   3: 18:54:44.669109       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   4: 18:54:44.669337       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply
   5: 18:54:45.682932       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   6: 18:54:45.683207       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply
   7: 18:54:46.697031       192.168.77.6 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   8: 18:54:46.697275       192.168.77.1 > 192.168.77.6: icmp: echo reply

Les traces d'un paquet avec les sections importantes mises en évidence :

firepower# show cap CAPI packet-number 1 trace
8 packets captured
   1: 18:54:43.658001       192.168.75.14 > 192.168.77.1: icmp: echo request
   
Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.77.1 using egress ifc  outside

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:
Dynamic translate 192.168.75.14/1 to 192.168.77.6/1

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect icmp
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 6981, packet dispatched to next module

Phase: 15
Type: EXTERNAL-INSPECT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Application: 'SNORT Inspect'

Phase: 16
Type: SNORT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Snort Verdict: (pass-packet) allow this packet

Phase: 17
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.77.1 using egress ifc  outside

Phase: 18
Type: ADJACENCY-LOOKUP
Subtype: next-hop and adjacency
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
adjacency Active
next-hop mac address c84c.758d.4980 hits 140694538709114

Phase: 19
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Result:
input-interface: outside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow
1 packet shown

Le xlate dynamique a été créé (notez les indicateurs ri) :

firepower# show xlate
4 in use, 19 most used
Flags: D - DNS, e - extended, I - identity, i - dynamic, r - portmap,
       s - static, T - twice, N - net-to-net
NAT from inside:192.168.75.14 to dmz:192.168.76.100
    flags sT idle 1:16:47 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from dmz:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 1:16:47 timeout 0:00:00
NAT from outside:0.0.0.0/0 to inside:0.0.0.0/0
    flags sIT idle 0:05:35 timeout 0:00:00

ICMP PAT from inside:192.168.75.14/1 to outside:192.168.77.6/1 flags ri idle 0:00:30 timeout 0:00:30

Dans les journaux LINA, vous voyez :

firepower# show log
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-7-609001: Built local-host inside:192.168.75.14
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-6-305011: Built dynamic ICMP translation from inside:192.168.75.14/1 to outside:192.168.77.6/1
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-7-609001: Built local-host outside:192.168.77.1
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-6-302020: Built inbound ICMP connection for faddr 192.168.75.14/1 gaddr 192.168.77.1/0 laddr 192.168.77.1/0
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-6-302021: Teardown ICMP connection for faddr 192.168.75.14/1 gaddr 192.168.77.1/0 laddr 192.168.77.1/0
May 31 2016 18:54:43: %ASA-7-609002: Teardown local-host outside:192.168.77.1 duration 0:00:00
May 31 2016 18:55:17: %ASA-6-305012: Teardown dynamic ICMP translation from inside:192.168.75.14/1 to outside:192.168.77.6/1 duration 0:00:34

Sections NAT :

firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
2 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 94, untranslate_hits = 138

Les tableaux ASP montrent :

firepower# show asp table classify domain nat

Input Table
in  id=0x7ff6036a9f50, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
in  id=0x7ff603696860, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.76.100, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
in  id=0x7ff602c75f00, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=94, user_data=0x7ff6036609a0, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=outside
in  id=0x7ff603681fb0, priority=6, domain=nat, deny=false
        hits=276, user_data=0x7ff60249f370, cs_id=0x0, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.77.6, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=outside, output_ifc=inside

firepower# show asp table classify domain nat-reverse

Input Table

Output Table:
out id=0x7ff603685350, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=4, user_data=0x7ff60314dbf0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=dmz, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff603638470, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=0, user_data=0x7ff602be3f80, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.14, mask=255.255.255.255, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=dmz
out id=0x7ff60361bda0, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=138, user_data=0x7ff6036609a0, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=192.168.75.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=outside, output_ifc=inside
out id=0x7ff60361c180, priority=6, domain=nat-reverse, deny=false
        hits=94, user_data=0x7ff60249f370, cs_id=0x0, use_real_addr, flags=0x0, protocol=0
        src ip/id=192.168.75.0, mask=255.255.255.0, port=0, tag=any
        dst ip/id=0.0.0.0, mask=0.0.0.0, port=0, tag=any, dscp=0x0
        input_ifc=inside, output_ifc=outside

Tâche 3 : configuration de l’exemption NAT sur FTD

Configurez la fonction NAT conformément à ces exigences :

Règle NAT	Règle NAT manuelle
Type NAT	static
Insérer	Dans la section 1, toutes les règles existantes
Interface source	intérieur*
Interface de destination	extérieur*
Source initiale	192.168.75.0/24
Source traduite	192.168.75.0/24
Destination initiale	10.1.1.0/24
Destination traduite	10.1.1.0/24

*Utiliser les zones de sécurité pour la règle NAT

Configure NAT Exemption on FTD

NAT statique

TAPE

Exemption NAT

Solution :

Étape 1 : ajout d’une troisième règle NAT et configuration des exigences par tâche, comme illustré dans l’image.

Add a Third NAT Rule

Étape 2 : recherche de route pour déterminer l’interface de sortie

Remarque : Pour les règles NAT d'identité, comme celle que vous avez ajoutée, vous pouvez modifier la façon dont l'interface de sortie est déterminée et utiliser la recherche de route normale comme illustré dans l'image.

Perform Route Lookup

Vérification :

firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface

firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 96, untranslate_hits = 138

Exécutez Packet Tracer pour le trafic non VPN provenant du réseau interne. La règle PAT est utilisée comme prévu :

firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.14 1111 192.168.77.1 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.77.1 using egress ifc  outside

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:

Dynamic translate 192.168.75.14/1111 to 192.168.77.6/1111
Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7227, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

Exécutez Packet Tracer pour le trafic qui doit passer par le tunnel VPN (exécutez-le deux fois depuis la première tentative d'activation du tunnel VPN).

Remarque : Vous devez choisir la règle d'exemption NAT.

Première tentative Packet Tracer :

firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.14 1111 10.1.1.1 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: UN-NAT
Subtype: static
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
NAT divert to egress interface outside
Untranslate 10.1.1.1/80 to 10.1.1.1/80

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.75.14/1111 to 192.168.75.14/1111

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: VPN
Subtype: encrypt
Result: DROP
Config:
Additional Information:

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: drop
Drop-reason: (acl-drop) Flow is denied by configured rule

Deuxième tentative Packet Tracer :

firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.14 1111 10.1.1.1 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: UN-NAT
Subtype: static
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
NAT divert to egress interface outside
Untranslate 10.1.1.1/80 to 10.1.1.1/80

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.75.14/1111 to 192.168.75.14/1111

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: VPN
Subtype: encrypt
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
Phase: 10
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: VPN
Subtype: ipsec-tunnel-flow
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7226, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: outside
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

Vérification du nombre d'occurrences NAT :

firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 9, untranslate_hits = 9
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 98, untranslate_hits = 138

Tâche 4. Configuration de la fonction NAT d’objet sur FTD

Configurez la fonction NAT conformément à ces exigences :

Règle NAT	Règle NAT automatique
Type NAT	static
Insérer	À la section 2
Interface source	intérieur*
Interface de destination	dmz*
Source initiale	192.168.75.99
Source traduite	192.168.76.99
Traduire les réponses DNS qui correspondent à cette règle	Activée

*Utiliser les zones de sécurité pour la règle NAT

Solution :

Étape 1 : configuration de la règle en fonction des exigences de la tâche, comme illustré dans les images

Configure the Rule as per Task Requirements

Original Source

Translate DNS Replies that Match this Rule

Étape 2. Le résultat est tel qu’illustré dans l’image.

Final Result

Vérification :

firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
!
object network obj-192.168.75.99
 nat (inside,dmz) static obj-192.168.76.99 dns

firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 9, untranslate_hits = 9
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 98, untranslate_hits = 138

Auto NAT Policies (Section 2)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static obj-192.168.75.99 obj-192.168.76.99  dns
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

Vérification avec packet-tracer :

firepower# packet-tracer input inside tcp 192.168.75.99 1111 192.168.76.100 80

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.76.100 using egress ifc  dmz

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached

Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
object network obj-192.168.75.99
 nat (inside,dmz) static obj-192.168.76.99 dns
Additional Information:
Static translate 192.168.75.99/1111 to 192.168.76.99/1111

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7245, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: dmz
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

Tâche 5. Configuration du pool PAT sur FTD

Configurez la fonction NAT conformément à ces exigences :

Règle NAT	Règle NAT manuelle
Type NAT	Dynamique
Insérer	Dans la section 3
Interface source	intérieur*
Interface de destination	dmz*
Source initiale	192.168.75.0/24
Source traduite	192.168.76.20-22
Utiliser la plage complète (1-65535)	Activée

*Utiliser les zones de sécurité pour la règle NAT

Solution :

Étape 1 : configuration de la règle en fonction des exigences de la tâche, comme illustré dans les images

Configure the Rule per Task Requirements for Manual NAT Rule

Result of Manual NAT Rule

Étape 2 : activation de la plage de ports plats avec Include Reserver Ports qui permet d’utiliser la plage complète (1-65535) comme illustré dans l’image

Enable Flat Port Range with Include Reserver Porst

Étape 3. Le résultat est tel qu’illustré dans l’image.

Final Result of Flat Port Range

Vérification :

firepower# show run nat
nat (inside,outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
nat (inside,dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
nat (inside,outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
!
object network obj-192.168.75.99
 nat (inside,dmz) static obj-192.168.76.99 dns
!
nat (inside,dmz) after-auto source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve

La règle se trouve à la section 3 :

firepower# show nat
Manual NAT Policies (Section 1)
1 (inside) to (outside) source static Net_192.168.75.0_24bits Net_192.168.75.0_24bits  destination static net_10.1.1.0_24bits net_10.1.1.0_24bits
    translate_hits = 9, untranslate_hits = 9
2 (inside) to (dmz) source static Host-A Host-B
    translate_hits = 26, untranslate_hits = 26
3 (inside) to (outside) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits interface
    translate_hits = 98, untranslate_hits = 138

Auto NAT Policies (Section 2)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source static obj-192.168.75.99 obj-192.168.76.99  dns
    translate_hits = 1, untranslate_hits = 0

Manual NAT Policies (Section 3)
1 (inside) to (dmz) source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve
    translate_hits = 0, untranslate_hits = 0

Vérification de Packet-Tracer :

firepower# packet-tracer input inside icmp 192.168.75.15 8 0 192.168.76.5

Phase: 1
Type: CAPTURE
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 2
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Implicit Rule
Additional Information:
MAC Access list

Phase: 3
Type: ROUTE-LOOKUP
Subtype: Resolve Egress Interface
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
found next-hop 192.168.76.5 using egress ifc  dmz

Phase: 4
Type: ACCESS-LIST
Subtype: log
Result: ALLOW
Config:
access-group CSM_FW_ACL_ global
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ advanced permit ip any any rule-id 268434434
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: ACCESS POLICY: FTD5506-1 - Default/1
access-list CSM_FW_ACL_ remark rule-id 268434434: L4 RULE: DEFAULT ACTION RULE
Additional Information:
 This packet will be sent to snort for additional processing where a verdict will be reached
 
Phase: 5
Type: CONN-SETTINGS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map class-default
 match any
policy-map global_policy
 class class-default
  set connection advanced-options UM_STATIC_TCP_MAP
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 6
Type: NAT
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) after-auto source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve
Additional Information:
Dynamic translate 192.168.75.15/0 to 192.168.76.20/11654

Phase: 7
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 8
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 9
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
class-map inspection_default
 match default-inspection-traffic
policy-map global_policy
 class inspection_default
  inspect icmp
service-policy global_policy global
Additional Information:

Phase: 10
Type: INSPECT
Subtype: np-inspect
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 11
Type: NAT
Subtype: rpf-check
Result: ALLOW
Config:
nat (inside,dmz) after-auto source dynamic Net_192.168.75.0_24bits pat-pool range-192.168.76.20-22 flat include-reserve
Additional Information:

Phase: 12
Type: NAT
Subtype: per-session
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 13
Type: IP-OPTIONS
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:

Phase: 14
Type: FLOW-CREATION
Subtype:
Result: ALLOW
Config:
Additional Information:
New flow created with id 7289, packet dispatched to next module

Result:
input-interface: inside
input-status: up
input-line-status: up
output-interface: dmz
output-status: up
output-line-status: up
Action: allow

Vérifier

Utilisez cette section pour confirmer que votre configuration fonctionne correctement.

La vérification a été expliquée dans les différentes sections des tâches.

Dépannage

Cette section fournit des informations que vous pouvez utiliser pour dépanner votre configuration.

Ouvrez la page Advanced Troubleshooting sur le FMC, et exécutez le packet-tracer, puis exécutez la commande show nat pool.

Remarque : L'entrée qui utilise la plage entière comme indiqué dans l'image.

Advanced Troubleshooting

Informations connexes

Toutes les versions du guide de configuration de Cisco Firepower Management Center sont disponibles ici :

Navigation dans la documentation de Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense

Le Centre d'assistance technique mondial (TAC) de Cisco recommande vivement ce guide visuel pour des connaissances pratiques approfondies sur les technologies de sécurité de nouvelle génération Cisco Firepower, notamment celles mentionnées dans cet article :

Cisco Press - Défense contre les menaces Firepower

Pour toutes les notes techniques de configuration et de dépannage relatives aux technologies Firepower :

Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center

Assistance et documentation techniques - Cisco Systems

Historique de révision

Révision	Date de publication	Commentaires
3.0	19-Dec-2024	Mise à jour du code de la boîte d'information interne Cisco en rouge et mise en forme.
2.0	02-Aug-2023	Texte de remplacement ajouté. Mise à jour SEO, traduction automatique, exigences de style et formatage.
1.0	29-Jan-2018	Première publication

Contribution d’experts de Cisco

Mikis Zafeiroudis
Ingénieur-conseil technique
John Long
Ingénieur-conseil technique

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