In questo documento viene descritto come configurare Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) con un numero AS a 32 bit. In BGP, ogni dominio di routing è un singolo dominio amministrativo a cui è assegnato un numero AS univoco e viene gestito all'interno di un set uniforme di policy di routing. Gestisce anche il routing tra domini.
In questo documento, il peer BGP è configurato tra router BGP a 16 bit e a 32 bit. La nuova modalità AS a 32 bit è compatibile con la modalità AS a 16 bit. I peer BGP in grado di funzionare in modalità 32 bit rispondono positivamente alla nuova funzionalità e la sessione funziona in una nuova modalità. D'altra parte, i peer BGP a 32 bit quando comunicano con gli altoparlanti BGP a 16 bit, i router parlanti a 16 bit ignorano questa nuova funzionalità e gestiscono la sessione BGP in modalità a 16 bit.
Cisco raccomanda la conoscenza base di BGP.
Le configurazioni di questo documento si basano sul router Cisco serie 7200 con software Cisco IOS® versione 15.0(1).
Per ulteriori informazioni sulle convenzioni usate, consultare il documento Cisco sulle convenzioni nei suggerimenti tecnici.
Nell'esempio, i router R1 e R3 sono configurati per essere in relazione iBGP AS 100 che forma la modalità AS 16-bit. I router R2 e R4 sono configurati in AS 10.1 e formano il peering iBGP usando la modalità AS a 32 bit. I router R1 e R2 eseguono e eseguono il protocollo IGP, in questo esempio OSPF tra di loro e forma anche eBGP adiacente tra di loro.
Nota: per ulteriori informazioni sui comandi menzionati in questo documento, usare lo strumento di ricerca dei comandi (solo utenti registrati).
Nel documento viene usata questa impostazione di rete:
Nel documento vengono usate queste configurazioni:
Router R1 |
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R1#show run Building configuration... ! version 15.0 ! hostname R1 ! ip cef ! interface Loopback0 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 ! interface Loopback10 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Loopback20 ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface FastEthernet1/0 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial2/0 ip address 10.10.100.1 255.255.255.0 serial restart-delay 0 ! router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 10.10.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 ! router bgp 100 !--- BGP is configured using 16-bit AS number no synchronization bgp router-id 10.10.10.10 bgp asnotation dot !--- This command change the default asplain notation to dot notation. !--- Note that without this command the AS number will treated as asplain notation i.e. 10.1 will be displayed as 655361 bgp log-neighbor-changes network 192.168.100.0 network 192.168.200.0 neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 10.1 !--- The AS number of the eBGP peer in 32-bit neighbor 2.2.2.2 ebgp-multihop 255 neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source Loopback0 neighbor 192.168.10.2 remote-as 100 neighbor 192.168.10.2 next-hop-self no auto-summary ! end |
Router R2 |
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R2#show run ! version 15.0 ! hostname R2 ! ip cef ! interface Loopback0 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 ! interface Loopback10 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 ! interface Loopback20 ip address 20.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet1/0 ip address 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial2/0 ip address 10.10.100.2 255.255.255.0 serial restart-delay 0 ! ! router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 10.10.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 ! router bgp 10.1 !--- BGP is configured using 32-bit AS number no synchronization bgp router-id 20.20.20.20 bgp asnotation dot bgp log-neighbor-changes network 10.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255 network 20.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 100 neighbor 1.1.1.1 ebgp-multihop 255 neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source Loopback0 neighbor 172.16.10.2 remote-as 10.1 neighbor 172.16.10.2 next-hop-self no auto-summary ! end |
Router R3 |
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R3#show run Building configuration... ! version 15.0 ip cef ! interface Loopback0 ip address 30.30.30.30 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet1/0 ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! router bgp 100 no synchronization bgp router-id 3.3.3.3 bgp log-neighbor-changes network 30.30.30.30 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 192.168.10.1 remote-as 100 neighbor 192.168.10.1 next-hop-self no auto-summary !--- iBGP peering is formed between routers R1 and R3 using 16-bit AS number. ! end |
Router R4 |
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R4#show run Building configuration... ! version 15.0 ip cef ! interface Loopback0 ip address 40.40.40.40 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet1/0 ip address 172.16.10.2 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! router bgp 10.1 no synchronization bgp router-id 4.4.4.4 bgp asnotation dot bgp log-neighbor-changes network 40.40.40.40 mask 255.255.255.255 neighbor 172.16.10.1 remote-as 10.1 no auto-summary ! end !--- iBGP peering is formed between routers R2 and R4 using 32-bit AS number. |
Fare riferimento a questa sezione per verificare che la configurazione funzioni correttamente.
Lo strumento Output Interpreter (solo utenti registrati) (OIT) supporta alcuni comandi show. Usare l'OIT per visualizzare un'analisi dell'output del comando show.
Per verificare che BGP sia in grado di supportare ASN a 32 bit, utilizzare il comando show ip bgp neighbors.
show ip bgp neighbors |
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Nel router R1 R1#show ip bgp neighbor 2.2.2.2 BGP neighbor is 2.2.2.2, remote AS 10.1, external link BGP version 4, remote router ID 20.20.20.20 BGP state = Established, up for 03:28:22 Last read 00:00:41, last write 00:00:29, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds Neighbor sessions: 1 active, is multisession capable Neighbor capabilities: Route refresh: advertised and received(new) Four-octets ASN Capability: advertised and received Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received Multisession Capability: advertised and received Message statistics, state Established: InQ depth is 0 OutQ depth is 0 Sent Rcvd Opens: 1 1 Notifications: 0 0 Updates: 3 3 Keepalives: 229 230 Route Refresh: 0 0 Total: 233 234 !--- Output omitted---! |
Per visualizzare le voci nella tabella di routing BGP, usare il comando show ip bgp.
show ip bgp |
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Nel router R1 R1#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 13, local router ID is 10.10.10.10 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, I - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: I - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *> 10.1.1.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 0 10.1 I *> 20.1.1.1/32 2.2.2.2 0 0 10.1 I *>i30.30.30.30/32 192.168.10.2 0 100 0 I *> 40.40.40.40/32 2.2.2.2 0 10.1 I *> 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 I *> 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.0 0 32768 I !--- Note that the routes highlighted are received from the eBGP peer router R2 which is in 32-bit AS 10.1. In router R3 R3#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 11, local router ID is 3.3.3.3 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, I - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: I - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *>i10.1.1.1/32 192.168.10.1 0 100 0 655361 I *>i20.1.1.1/32 192.168.10.1 0 100 0 655361 I *> 30.30.30.30/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 I *>i40.40.40.40/32 192.168.10.1 0 100 0 655361 I *>i192.168.100.0 192.168.10.1 0 100 0 I *>i192.168.200.0 192.168.10.1 0 100 0 I !--- The router R3 does not have bgp asnotation dot configured in it. Therefore, the route received from the router in 32-bit AS AS 10.1 is displayed as 655361. In router R4 R4#sh ip bgp BGP table version is 7, local router ID is 4.4.4.4 Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, I - internal, r RIB-failure, S Stale Origin codes: I - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path *>i10.1.1.1/32 172.16.10.1 0 100 0 I *>i20.1.1.1/32 172.16.10.1 0 100 0 I *>i30.30.30.30/32 172.16.10.1 0 100 0 100 I *> 40.40.40.40/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 I *>i192.168.100.0 172.16.10.1 0 100 0 100 I *>i192.168.200.0 172.16.10.1 0 100 0 100 I !--- The above output shows the entries in BGP routing table of router R4. |
Per verificare la raggiungibilità tra i router, usare il comando ping.
ping |
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Dal router R3 R3#ping 40.40.40.40 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 40.40.40.40, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 68/101/148 msDal router R4 R4#ping 30.30.30.30 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 30.30.30.30, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 56/89/112 ms !--- The above output shows that End to End connectivity is established between R3 and R4, where R3 is AS 100(16-bit AS) and router R4 is in AS 10.1(32-bit AS). |
Revisione | Data di pubblicazione | Commenti |
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1.0 |
25-Jun-2012 |
Versione iniziale |