In questa configurazione di esempio viene mostrato un router configurato per la configurazione della modalità (l'utente ottiene un indirizzo IP dal pool), chiavi precondivise con caratteri jolly (tutti i client PC condividono una chiave comune) e NAT (Network Address Translation). In questa configurazione, un utente fuori sede può accedere alla rete e avere un indirizzo IP interno assegnato dal pool. Gli utenti sembrano essere all'interno della rete. Poiché l'indirizzamento privato, e di conseguenza il NAT, è coinvolto, al router deve essere detto cosa tradurre e cosa non tradurre.
Nessun requisito specifico previsto per questo documento.
Le informazioni fornite in questo documento si basano sulle seguenti versioni software e hardware:
Software Cisco IOS® versione 12.0.7T o successive
Hardware che supporta questa revisione software
Cisco Secure VPN Client 1.0/10A o 1.1 (visualizzati rispettivamente come 2.0.7/E o 2.1.12, andare a Guida > Informazioni su da controllare)
Le informazioni discusse in questo documento fanno riferimento a dispositivi usati in uno specifico ambiente di emulazione. Su tutti i dispositivi menzionati nel documento la configurazione è stata ripristinata ai valori predefiniti. Se la rete è operativa, valutare attentamente eventuali conseguenze derivanti dall'uso dei comandi.
Per ulteriori informazioni sulle convenzioni usate, consultare il documento Cisco sulle convenzioni nei suggerimenti tecnici.
In questa sezione vengono presentate le informazioni necessarie per configurare le funzionalità descritte più avanti nel documento.
Nota: per ulteriori informazioni sui comandi menzionati in questo documento, usare lo strumento di ricerca dei comandi (solo utenti registrati).
Nel documento viene usata l'impostazione di rete mostrata nel diagramma.
Nel documento vengono usate queste configurazioni.
Configurazione client VPN |
---|
Network Security policy: 1- Myconn My Identity = ip address Connection security: Secure Remote Party Identity and addressing ID Type: IP subnet 10.2.2.0 Port all Protocol all Connect using secure tunnel ID Type: IP address 201.70.32.101 Authentication (Phase 1) Proposal 1 Authentication method: pre-shared key Encryp Alg: DES Hash Alg: MD5 SA life: Unspecified Key Group: DH 1 Key exchange (Phase 2) Proposal 1 Encapsulation ESP Encrypt Alg: DES Hash Alg: MD5 Encap: tunnel SA life: Unspecified no AH 2- Other Connections Connection security: Non-secure Local Network Interface Name: Any IP Addr: Any Port: All |
Configurazione router |
---|
Current configuration: ! version 12.0 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname Router ! enable secret 5 $1$v5OP$mPuiEQn8ULa8hVMYVOV1D. enable password ww ! ip subnet-zero ! cns event-service server ! !--- IKE configuration. crypto isakmp policy 1 hash md5 authentication pre-share crypto isakmp key cisco123 address 0.0.0.0 crypto isakmp client configuration address-pool local ourpool ! !--- IPSec configuration. crypto ipsec transform-set trans1 esp-des esp-md5-hmac ! crypto dynamic-map dynmap 10 set transform-set trans1 ! crypto map intmap client configuration address initiate crypto map intmap client configuration address respond crypto map intmap 10 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dynmap ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 201.70.32.101 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast ip nat outside no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache crypto map intmap ! interface Serial1 ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.0 no ip directed-broadcast ip nat inside ! ip local pool ourpool 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.254 ip nat pool outsidepool 201.70.32.150 201.70.32.160 netmask 255.255.255.0 !--- Except the private network to private network traffic !--- from the NAT process. ip nat inside source route-map nonat pool outsidepool ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 201.70.32.1 no ip http server !--- Except the private network to private network traffic !--- from the NAT process. access-list 101 deny ip 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 101 permit ip 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 any route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 101 ! line con 0 transport input none line aux 0 line vty 0 4 password ww login ! end |
Le informazioni contenute in questa sezione permettono di verificare che la configurazione funzioni correttamente.
Alcuni comandi show sono supportati dallo strumento Output Interpreter (solo utenti registrati); lo strumento permette di visualizzare un'analisi dell'output del comando show.
show crypto engine connections active: visualizza i pacchetti crittografati e decrittografati.
show crypto ipsec sa: visualizza le associazioni di sicurezza della fase 2.
show crypto isakmp sa: visualizza le associazioni di sicurezza della fase 1.
Le informazioni contenute in questa sezione permettono di risolvere i problemi relativi alla configurazione.
Nota: prima di usare i comandi di debug, consultare le informazioni importanti sui comandi di debug.
I debug devono essere eseguiti su entrambi i router IPSec (peer). La cancellazione delle associazioni di protezione deve essere eseguita su entrambi i peer.
debug crypto ipsec: visualizza le negoziazioni IPSec della fase 2.
debug crypto isakmp: visualizza le negoziazioni ISAKMP della fase 1.
debug crypto engine: visualizza il traffico crittografato.
clear crypto isakmp: cancella le associazioni di sicurezza correlate alla fase 1.
clear crypto sa: cancella le associazioni di sicurezza correlate alla fase 2.
Debug del router |
---|
Apr 18 15:17:59: ISAKMP (4): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (R) MM_NO_STATE Apr 18 15:17:59: ISAKMP (4): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (R) MM_NO_STATE Apr 18 15:18:03: ISAKMP (0): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (N) NEW SA Apr 18 15:18:03: ISAKMP (0:5): processing SA payload. message ID = 0 Apr 18 15:18:03: ISAKMP (0:5): Checking ISAKMP transform 1 against priority 1 policy Apr 18 15:18:03: ISAKMP: encryption DES-CBC Apr 18 15:18:03: ISAKMP: hash MD5 Apr 18 15:18:03: ISAKMP: default group 1 Apr 18 15:18:03: ISAKMP: auth pre-share Apr 18 15:18:03: ISAKMP (0:5): atts are acceptable. Next payload is 0 Apr 18 15:18:03: CryptoEngine0: generate alg parameter Apr 18 15:18:05: CRYPTO_ENGINE: Dh phase 1 status: 0 Apr 18 15:18:05: CRYPTO_ENGINE: Dh phase 1 status: 0 Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (0:5): SA is doing pre-shared key authentication Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (5): SA is doing pre-shared key authentication using id type ID_IPV4_ADDR Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (5): sending packet to 201.70.32.82 (R) MM_SA_SETUP Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (5): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (R) MM_SA_SETUP Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (0:5): processing KE payload. message ID = 0 Apr 18 15:18:05: CryptoEngine0: generate alg parameter Apr 18 15:18:05: CRYPTO_ENGINE: Dh phase 1 status: 0 Apr 18 15:18:05: CRYPTO_ENGINE: Dh phase 1 status: 0 Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (0:5): SA is doing pre-shared key authentication Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (5): SA is doing pre-shared key authentication using id type ID_IPV4_ADDR Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (5): sending packet to 201.70.32.82 (R) MM_SA_SETUP Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (5): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (R) MM_SA_SETUP Apr 18 15:18:05: ISAKMP (0:5): processing KE payload. message ID = 0 Apr 18 15:18:05: CryptoEngine0: generate alg parameter Apr 18 15:18:07: ISAKMP (0:5): processing NONCE payload. message ID = 0 Apr 18 15:18:07: CryptoEngine0: create ISAKMP SKEYID for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:07: ISAKMP (0:5): SKEYID state generated Apr 18 15:18:07: ISAKMP (0:5): processing vendor id payload Apr 18 15:18:07: ISAKMP (0:5): processing vendor id payload Apr 18 15:18:07: ISAKMP (5): sending packet to 201.70.32.82 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH Apr 18 15:18:07: ISAKMP (0:4): purging SA. Apr 18 15:18:07: ISAKMP (0:4): purging node -1412157317 Apr 18 15:18:07: ISAKMP (0:4): purging node 1875403554 Apr 18 15:18:07: CryptoEngine0: delete connection 4 Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (5): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (0:5): processing ID payload. message ID = 0 Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (0:5): processing HASH payload. message ID = 0 Apr 18 15:18:08: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (5): processing NOTIFY payload 24578 protocol 1 spi 0, message ID = 0 Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (0:5): SA has been authenticated with 201.70.32.82 Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (5): ID payload next-payload : 8 type : 1 protocol : 17 port : 500 length : 8 Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (5): Total payload length: 12 Apr 18 15:18:08: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:08: CryptoEngine0: clear dh number for conn id 1 Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (5): sending packet to 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (5): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (0:5): Locking struct 14D0DC on allocation Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (0:5): allocating address 10.2.1.1 Apr 18 15:18:08: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (0:5): initiating peer config to 201.70.32.82. message ID = 1226793520 Apr 18 15:18:08: ISAKMP (5): sending packet to 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (5): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): processing transaction payload from 201.70.32.82. message ID = 1226793520 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP: recieved config from 201.70.32.82 . Apr 18 15:18:09: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP: Config payload type: 4 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): peer accepted the address! Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): adding static route for 10.2.1.1 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): deleting node 1226793520 Apr 18 15:18:09: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): processing SA payload. message ID = -617682048 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): Checking IPSec proposal 1 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP: transform 1, ESP_DES Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP: attributes in transform: Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP: authenticator is HMAC-MD5 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP: encaps is 1 Apr 18 15:18:09: validate proposal 0 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): atts are acceptable. Apr 18 15:18:09: IPSEC(validate_proposal_request): proposal part #1, (key eng. msg.) dest= 201.70.32.101, src= 201.70.32.82, dest_proxy= 10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), src_proxy= 10.2.1.1/255.255.255.255/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0x0(0), conn_id= 0, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 Apr 18 15:18:09: validate proposal request 0 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): processing NONCE payload. message ID = -617682048 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): processing ID payload. message ID = -617682048 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (5): ID_IPV4_ADDR src 10.2.1.1 prot 0 port 0 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): processing ID payload. message ID = -617682048 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (5): ID_IPV4_ADDR_SUBNET dst 10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0 prot 0 port 0 Apr 18 15:18:09: IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event... Apr 18 15:18:09: IPSEC(spi_response): getting spi 153684796 for SA from 201.70.32.82 to 201.70.32.101 for prot 3 Apr 18 15:18:09: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (5): sending packet to 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (5): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE Apr 18 15:18:09: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): processing SA payload. message ID = -1078114754 Apr 18 15:18:09: ISAKMP (0:5): Checking IPSec proposal 1 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP: transform 1, ESP_DES Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP: attributes in transform: Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP: authenticator is HMAC-MD5 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP: encaps is 1 Apr 18 15:18:10: validate proposal 0 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (0:5): atts are acceptable. Apr 18 15:18:10: IPSEC(validate_proposal_request): proposal part #1, (key eng. msg.) dest= 201.70.32.101, src= 201.70.32.82, dest_proxy= 10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), src_proxy= 10.2.1.1/255.255.255.255/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0x0(0), conn_id= 0, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 Apr 18 15:18:10: validate proposal request 0 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (0:5): processing NONCE payload. message ID = -1078114754 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (0:5): processing ID payload. message ID = -1078114754 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (5): ID_IPV4_ADDR src 10.2.1.1 prot 0 port 0 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (0:5): processing ID payload. message ID = -1078114754 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (5): ID_IPV4_ADDR_SUBNET dst 10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0 prot 0 port 0 Apr 18 15:18:10: IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event... Apr 18 15:18:10: IPSEC(spi_response): getting spi 224008976 for SA from 201.70.32.82 to 201.70.32.101 for prot 3 Apr 18 15:18:10: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (5): sending packet to 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (5): received packet from 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE Apr 18 15:18:10: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 5 Apr 18 15:18:10: ipsec allocate flow 0 Apr 18 15:18:10: ipsec allocate flow 0 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (0:5): Creating IPSec SAs Apr 18 15:18:10: inbound SA from 201.70.32.82 to 201.70.32.101 (proxy 10.2.1.1 to 10.2.2.0) Apr 18 15:18:10: has spi 224008976 and conn_id 2000 and flags 4 Apr 18 15:18:10: outbound SA from 201.70.32.101 to 201.70.32.82 (proxy 10.2.2.0 to 10.2.1.1) Apr 18 15:18:10: has spi -1084694986 and conn_id 2001 and flags 4 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP (0:5): deleting node -1078114754 Apr 18 15:18:10: IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event... Apr 18 15:18:10: IPSEC(initialize_sas): , (key eng. msg.) dest= 201.70.32.101, src= 201.70.32.82, dest_proxy= 10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), src_proxy= 10.2.1.1/0.0.0.0/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0xD5A1B10(224008976), conn_id= 2000, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 Apr 18 15:18:10: IPSEC(initialize_sas): , (key eng. msg.) src= 201.70.32.101, dest= 201.70.32.82, src_proxy= 10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), dest_proxy= 10.2.1.1/0.0.0.0/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0xBF58DE36(3210272310), conn_id= 2001, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 Apr 18 15:18:10: IPSEC(create_sa): sa created, (sa) sa_dest= 201.70.32.101, sa_prot= 50, sa_spi= 0xD5A1B10(224008976), sa_trans= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , sa_conn_id= 2000 Apr 18 15:18:10: IPSEC(create_sa): sa created, (sa) sa_dest= 201.70.32.82, sa_prot= 50, sa_spi= 0xBF58DE36(3210272310), sa_trans= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , sa_conn_id= 2001 Apr 18 15:18:10: ISAKMP: Locking struct 14D0DC for IPSEC Apr 18 15:18:24: ISAKMP (0:5): retransmitting phase 2 -617682048 ... Apr 18 15:18:24: ISAKMP (5): sending packet to 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE Router#show crypto ipsec Apr 18 15:18:39: ISAKMP (0:5): retransmitting phase 2 -617682048 ... Apr 18 15:18:39: ISAKMP (5): sending packet to 201.70.32.82 (R) QM_IDLE sa interface: Ethernet0 Crypto map tag: intmap, local addr. 201.70.32.101 local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0/0/0) remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (10.2.1.1/255.255.255.255/0/0) current_peer: 201.70.32.82 PERMIT, flags={} #pkts encaps: 7, #pkts encrypt: 7, #pkts digest 7 #pkts decaps: 7, #pkts decrypt: 7, #pkts verify 7 #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0 #pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0 #send errors 0, #recv errors 0 local crypto endpt.: 201.70.32.101, remote crypto endpt.: 201.70.32.82 path mtu 1500, media mtu 1500 current outbound spi: BF58DE36 inbound esp sas: spi: 0xD5A1B10(224008976) transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac , in use settings ={Tunnel, } slot: 0, conn id: 2000, flow_id: 1, crypto map: intmap sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607999/3500) IV size: 8 bytes replay detection support: Y inbound ah sas: inbound pcp sas: outbound esp sas: spi: 0xBF58DE36(3210272310) transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac , in use settings ={Tunnel, } slot: 0, conn id: 2001, flow_id: 2, crypto map: intmap sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607999/3500) IV size: 8 bytes replay detection support: Y outbound ah sas: outbound pcp sas: Router#sho crypto engine connections active ID Interface IP-Address State Algorithm Encrypt Decrypt 5 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 0 2000 Ethernet0 201.70.32.101 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 0 7 2001 Ethernet0 201.70.32.101 set HMAC_MD5+DES_56_CB 7 0 Crypto adjacency count : Lock: 0, Unlock: 0 |
Informazioni client VPN |
---|
Client configuration: C:\>ping -t 10.2.2.5 Reply from 10.2.2.5: bytes=32 time<0ms TTL=352 Reply from 10.2.2.5: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=352 From Logview: 14:25:34.044 New Connection - Initiating IKE Phase 1 (IP ADDR=201.70.32.101) 14:25:34.144 New Connection - SENDING>>>> ISAKMP OAK MM (SA) 14:25:35.886 New Connection - RECEIVED<<< ISAKMP OAK MM (SA) 14:25:36.067 New Connection - SENDING>>>> ISAKMP OAK MM (KE, NON, VID, VID) 14:25:38.310 New Connection - RECEIVED<<< ISAKMP OAK MM (KE, NON, VID) 14:25:38.460 New Connection - SENDING>>>> ISAKMP OAK MM *(ID, HASH, NOTIFY:STATUS_INITIAL_CONTACT) 14:25:38.610 New Connection - RECEIVED<<< ISAKMP OAK MM *(ID, HASH) 14:25:38.710 New Connection - Established IKE SA 14:25:38.811 New Connection - Initiating IKE Phase 2 with Client IDs (message id : B01876) 14:25:38.911 Initiator = IP ADDR=201.70.32.82, prot = 0 port = 0 14:25:39.011 Responder = IP SUBNET/MASK=10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0, prot = 0 port = 0 14:25:39.111 New Connection - SENDING>>>> ISAKMP OAK QM *(HASH, SA, NON, ID, ID) 14:25:39.251 New Connection - RECEIVED<<< ISAKMP OAK TRANS *(HASH, ATTR) 14:25:39.351 New Connection - Received Private IP Address = IP ADDR=10.2.1.1 14:25:39.451 New Connection - Discarding IPSec SA negotiation (message id: B01876) 14:25:39.552 New Connection - SENDING>>>> ISAKMP OAK TRANS *(HASH, ATTR) 14:25:40.022 New Connection - Received message for discarded IPSec SA negotiation (message id: B01876) 14:25:40.122 New Connection - Initiating IKE Phase 2 with Client IDs (message id: C8CB0CE) 14:25:40.223 Initiator = IP ADDR=10.2.1.1, prot = 0 port = 0 14:25:40.323 Responder = IP SUBNET/MASK=10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0, prot = 0 port = 0 14:25:40.423 New Connection - SENDING>>>> ISAKMP OAK QM *(HASH, SA, NON, ID, ID) 14:25:40.873 New Connection - RECEIVED<<< ISAKMP OAK QM *(HASH, SA, NON, ID, ID, NOTIFY:STATUS_RESP_LIFETIME) 14:25:40.974 New Connection - SENDING>>>> ISAKMP OAK QM *(HASH) 14:25:41.074 New Connection - Loading IPSec SA (Message ID = C8CB0CE OUTBOUND SPI = 19A22423 INBOUND SPI = E4829433) 14:25:41.174 |