이 문서에서는 TACACS+ 및 RADIUS IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force) Extended Authentication(Xauth)에 대한 샘플 컨피그레이션을 보여줍니다. Xauth를 사용하면 TACACS+ 또는 RADIUS를 IKE(Internet Key Exchange) 프로토콜 내의 사용자 인증 방법으로 사용하여 VPN(Virtual Private Networks)에 IPSec(IP Security)을 구축할 수 있습니다. 이 기능은 CiscoSecure VPN Client 1.1이 PC에 설치되어 있는 사용자에게 사용자 이름과 비밀번호를 묻는 메시지를 표시한 다음 AAA(Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) 서버, TACACS+ 또는 RADIUS 데이터베이스에 저장된 정보로 인증을 제공합니다. 인증은 IKE 1단계와 IKE 2단계 사이에 발생합니다. 사용자가 성공적으로 인증하면 2단계 SA(보안 연결)가 설정되고, 그 후에 보호된 네트워크로 안전하게 데이터를 전송할 수 있습니다.
Xauth에는 인증만 포함되며 권한은 부여되지 않습니다(연결이 설정되면 사용자가 이동할 수 있음). 계정(사용자가 이동한 경우)은 구현되지 않습니다.
Xauth를 구현하기 전에 Xauth 없이 컨피그레이션이 작동해야 합니다. 이 예에서는 Xauth 외에 Mode Configuration(Mode Config) 및 NAT(Network Address Translation)를 보여 주지만, Xauth 명령을 추가하기 전에 IPSec 연결이 있다고 가정합니다.
TACACS+ 또는 RADIUS Xauth를 시도하기 전에 로컬 Xauth(라우터의 사용자 이름/비밀번호)가 작동하는지 확인합니다.
이 문서에 대한 특정 요건이 없습니다.
이 문서의 정보는 다음 소프트웨어 및 하드웨어 버전을 기반으로 합니다.
VPN 클라이언트 버전 1.1 이상
Cisco IOS® 릴리스 12.1.2.2.T, 12.1.2.2.P(이상)
RADIUS 인증은 c3640-jo3s56i-mz.121-2.3.T를 실행하는 Cisco 3640에서 테스트되었습니다.
이 문서의 정보는 특정 랩 환경의 디바이스를 토대로 작성되었습니다. 이 문서에 사용된 모든 디바이스는 초기화된(기본) 컨피그레이션으로 시작되었습니다. 현재 네트워크가 작동 중인 경우, 모든 명령어의 잠재적인 영향을 미리 숙지하시기 바랍니다.
문서 규칙에 대한 자세한 내용은 Cisco 기술 팁 규칙을 참조하십시오.
이 섹션에는 이 문서에서 설명하는 기능을 구성하기 위한 정보가 표시됩니다.
참고: 명령 조회 도구(등록된 고객만 해당)를 사용하여 이 섹션에 사용된 명령에 대한 자세한 내용을 확인하십시오.
이 문서에서는 다음 네트워크 설정을 사용합니다.
Network Security policy: 1- Myconn My Identity = ip address Connection security: Secure Remote Party Identity and addressing ID Type: IP subnet 10.13.1.0 (range of inside network) Port all Protocol all Connect using secure tunnel ID Type: IP address 99.99.99.1 Pre-shared key = cisco1234 Authentication (Phase 1) Proposal 1 Authentication method: pre-shared key Encryp Alg: DES Hash Alg: MD5 SA life: Unspecified Key Group: DH 1 Key exchange (Phase 2) Proposal 1 Encapsulation ESP Encrypt Alg: DES Hash Alg: MD5 Encap: tunnel SA life: Unspecified no AH 2- Other Connections Connection security: Non-secure Local Network Interface Name: Any IP Addr: Any Port: All
라우터에서 Xauth를 활성화하면 사용자가 라우터 내의 디바이스에 연결을 시도할 때(여기서는 ping -t #.#.#.#) 회색 화면이 나타납니다.
User Authentication for 3660 Username: Password:
서버 구성
Xauth 인증은 TACACS+ 또는 RADIUS를 통해 수행할 수 있습니다. Xauth 사용자가 Xauth를 수행할 수 있지만 라우터에 텔넷하는 것은 허용되지 않았는지 확인하고자 aaa authorization exec 명령을 추가했습니다. RADIUS 사용자에게 "reply-attribute Service-Type=Outbound=5"(Administrative 또는 Login 대신)를 제공했습니다. CiscoSecure UNIX에서는 "아웃바운드", CiscoSecure NT의 "Dialout Framed"입니다. 이러한 사용자가 TACACS+ 사용자인 경우 셸/exec 권한을 부여하지 않습니다.
TACACS+ 또는 RADIUS Xauth에 대한 라우터 컨피그레이션 |
---|
Current configuration: ! version 12.1 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password-encryption ! hostname carter ! !--- Enable AAA and define authentication and authorization parameters aaa new-model aaa authentication login default group radius|tacacs+ none aaa authentication login xauth_list group radius|tacacs+ aaa authorization exec default group radius|tacacs+ none enable secret 5 $1$VY18$uO2CRnqUzugV0NYtd14Gg0 enable password ww ! username john password 0 doe ! ip subnet-zero ip audit notify log ip audit po max-events 100 cns event-service server ! crypto isakmp policy 10 hash md5 authentication pre-share crypto isakmp key cisco1234 address 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 crypto isakmp client configuration address-pool local ourpool ! crypto ipsec transform-set mypolicy esp-des esp-md5-hmac ! crypto dynamic-map dyna 10 set transform-set mypolicy ! crypto map test client authentication list xauth_list crypto map test client configuration address initiate crypto map test client configuration address respond crypto map test 5 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dyna ! interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 10.13.1.48 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache no mop enabled ! interface TokenRing0/0 no ip address shutdown ring-speed 16 ! interface Ethernet2/0 ip address 99.99.99.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat outside no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache no mop enabled crypto map test ! interface TokenRing2/0 no ip address shutdown ring-speed 16 ! ip local pool ourpool 10.2.1.1 10.2.1.254 ip nat pool outsidepool 99.99.99.50 99.99.99.60 netmask 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside source route-map nonat pool outsidepool ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.13.1.1 no ip http server ! access-list 101 deny ip 10.13.1.0 0.0.0.255 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 101 permit ip 10.13.1.0 0.0.0.255 any dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit dialer-list 1 protocol ipx permit route-map nonat permit 10 match ip address 101 ! !--- Define TACACS server host and key parameters tacacs-server host 172.18.124.114 tacacs-server key cisco radius-server host 172.18.124.114 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646 radius-server retransmit 3 radius-server key cisco ! line con 0 transport input none line aux 0 line vty 0 4 password WW ! end |
현재 이 구성에 대해 사용 가능한 확인 절차가 없습니다.
이 섹션에서는 컨피그레이션 문제를 해결하는 데 사용할 수 있는 정보를 제공합니다.
Output Interpreter 도구(등록된 고객만 해당)(OIT)는 특정 show 명령을 지원합니다. OIT를 사용하여 show 명령 출력의 분석을 봅니다.
참고: debug 명령을 사용하기 전에 디버그 명령에 대한 중요 정보를 참조하십시오.
debug aaa authentication—AAA/TACACS+ 인증에 대한 정보를 표시합니다.
debug crypto isakmp - IKE 이벤트에 대한 메시지를 표시합니다.
debug crypto ipsec - IPSec 이벤트를 표시합니다.
debug crypto key-exchange - DSS(Digital Signature Standard) 공개 키 교환 메시지를 표시합니다.
debug radius - RADIUS와 관련된 정보를 표시합니다.
debug tacacs - TACACS와 관련된 정보를 표시합니다.
clear crypto isakmp - 지울 연결을 지정합니다.
clear crypto sa - IPSec 보안 연결을 삭제합니다.
참고: TACACS+ 디버그는 매우 유사합니다. debug radius 명령 대신 debug tacacs+ 명령을 사용합니다.
Carter#show debug General OS: AAA Authentication debugging is on Radius protocol debugging is on Cryptographic Subsystem: Crypto ISAKMP debugging is on Crypto Engine debugging is on Crypto IPSEC debugging is on Carter#term mon 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:0): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (N) NEW SA 03:12:54: ISAKMP: local port 500, remote port 500 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): Setting client config settings 6269C36C 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): (Re)Setting client xauth list xauth_list and state 03:12:54: ISAKMP: Created a peer node for 99.99.99.5 03:12:54: ISAKMP: Locking struct 6269C36C from crypto_ikmp_config_initialize_sa 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing SA payload. message ID = 0 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): found peer pre-shared key matching 99.99.99.5 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): Checking ISAKMP transform 1 against priority 10 policy 03:12:54: ISAKMP: encryption DES-CBC 03:12:54: ISAKMP: hash MD5 03:12:54: ISAKMP: default group 1 03:12:54: ISAKMP: auth pre-share 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): atts are acceptable. Next payload is 0 03:12:54: CryptoEngine0: generate alg parameter 03:12:54: CRYPTO_ENGINE: Dh phase 1 status: 0 03:12:54: CRYPTO_ENGINE: DH phase 1 status: 0 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): SA is doing pre-shared key authentication using id type ID_IPV4_ADDR 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) MM_SA_SETUP 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) MM_SA_SETUP 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing KE payload. Message ID = 0 03:12:54: CryptoEngine0: generate alg parameter 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing NONCE payload. Message ID = 0 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): found peer pre-shared key matching 99.99.99.5 03:12:54: CryptoEngine0: create ISAKMP SKEYID for conn id 1 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): SKEYID state generated 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing vendor id payload 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): processing vendor id payload 03:12:54: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) MM_KEY_EXCH 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): processing ID payload. Message ID = 0 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): processing HASH payload. Message ID = 0 03:12:55: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): processing NOTIFY INITIAL_CONTACT protocol 1 spi 0, message ID = 0 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): SA has been authenticated with 99.99.99.5 03:12:55: ISAKMP (1): ID payload next-payload : 8 type : 1 protocol : 17 port : 500 length : 8 03:12:55: ISAKMP (1): Total payload length: 12 03:12:55: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:12:55: CryptoEngine0: clear DH number for conn id 1 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): (Re)Setting client xauth list xauth_list and state 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): Need XAUTH 03:12:55: AAA: parse name=ISAKMP idb type=-1 tty=-1 03:12:55: AAA/MEMORY: create_user (0x6269AD80) user='' ruser='' port='ISAKMP' rem_addr='99.99.99.5' authen_type=ASCII service=LOGIN priv=0 03:12:55: AAA/AUTHEN/START (2289801324): port='ISAKMP' list='xauth_list' action=LOGIN service=LOGIN 03:12:55: AAA/AUTHEN/START (2289801324): found list xauth_list 03:12:55: AAA/AUTHEN/START (2289801324): Method=radius (radius) 03:12:55: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = GETUSER 03:12:55: ISAKMP: got callback 1 03:12:55: ISAKMP/xauth: request attribute XAUTH_TYPE 03:12:55: ISAKMP/xauth: request attribute XAUTH_MESSAGE 03:12:55: ISAKMP/xauth: request attribute XAUTH_USER_NAME 03:12:55: ISAKMP/xauth: request attribute XAUTH_USER_PASSWORD 03:12:55: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): initiating peer config to 99.99.99.5. ID = -280774539 03:12:55: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): retransmitting phase 2 CONF_XAUTH -280774539 ... 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): incrementing error counter on sa: retransmit phase 2 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): incrementing error counter on sa: retransmit phase 2 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): retransmitting phase 2 -280774539 CONF_XAUTH 03:13:00: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:02: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:02: ISAKMP (0:1): processing transaction payload from 99.99.99.5. Message ID = -280774539 03:13:02: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:02: ISAKMP: Config payload REPLY 03:13:02: ISAKMP/xauth: reply attribute XAUTH_TYPE 03:13:02: ISAKMP/xauth: reply attribute XAUTH_USER_NAME 03:13:02: ISAKMP/xauth: reply attribute XAUTH_USER_PASSWORD 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN/CONT (2289801324): continue_login (user='(undef)') 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = GETUSER 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): Method=radius (radius) 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = GETPASS 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN/CONT (2289801324): continue_login (user='zeke') 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = GETPASS 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): Method=radius (radius) 03:13:02: RADIUS: ustruct sharecount=2 03:13:02: RADIUS: Initial Transmit ISAKMP id 29 172.18.124.114:1645, Access-Request, len 68 03:13:02: Attribute 4 6 0A0D0130 03:13:02: Attribute 61 6 00000000 03:13:02: Attribute 1 6 7A656B65 03:13:02: Attribute 31 12 39392E39 03:13:02: Attribute 2 18 D687A79D 03:13:02: RADIUS: Received from id 29 172.18.124.114:1645, Access-Accept, Len 26 03:13:02: Attribute 6 6 00000005 03:13:02: RADIUS: saved authorization data for user 6269AD80 at 62634D0C 03:13:02: AAA/AUTHEN (2289801324): status = PASS 03:13:02: ISAKMP: got callback 1 03:13:02: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:02: ISAKMP (0:1): initiating peer config to 99.99.99.5. ID = -280774539 03:13:02: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_XAUTH 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): processing transaction payload from 99.99.99.5. Message ID = -280774539 03:13:03: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:03: ISAKMP: Config payload ACK 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): deleting node -280774539 error FALSE reason "done with transaction" 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): allocating address 10.2.1.2 03:13:03: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): initiating peer config to 99.99.99.5. ID = 2130856112 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_ADDR 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) CONF_ADDR 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): processing transaction payload from 99.99.99.5. Message ID = 2130856112 03:13:03: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:03: ISAKMP: Config payload ACK 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): peer accepted the address! 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): adding static route for 10.2.1.2 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): installing route 10.2.1.2 255.255.255.255 99.99.99.5 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): deleting node 2130856112 error FALSE reason "done with transaction" 03:13:03: ISAKMP (0:1): Delaying response to QM request. 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) QM_IDLE 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): (Re)Setting client xauth list xauth_list and state 03:13:04: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing HASH payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing SA payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): Checking IPSec proposal 1 03:13:04: ISAKMP: transform 1, ESP_DES 03:13:04: ISAKMP: attributes in transform: 03:13:04: ISAKMP: authenticator is HMAC-MD5 03:13:04: ISAKMP: encaps is 1 03:13:04: validate proposal 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): atts are acceptable. 03:13:04: IPSEC(validate_proposal_request): proposal part #1, (key eng. msg.) dest= 99.99.99.1, src= 99.99.99.5, dest_proxy= 10.13.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), src_proxy= 10.2.1.2/255.255.255.255/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= ESP-Des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0x0(0), conn_id= 0, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 03:13:04: validate proposal request 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing NONCE payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing ID payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (1): ID_IPV4_ADDR src 10.2.1.2 prot 0 port 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): processing ID payload. Message ID = -1651205463 03:13:04: ISAKMP (1): ID_IPV4_ADDR_SUBNET dst 10.13.1.0/255.255.255.0 port 0 port 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): asking for 1 spis from ipsec 03:13:04: IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event... 03:13:04: IPSEC(spi_response): getting spi 570798685 for SA from 99.99.99.5 to 99.99.99.1 for prot 3 03:13:04: ISAKMP: received ke message (2/1) 03:13:04: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): sending packet to 99.99.99.5 (R) QM_IDLE 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): received packet from 99.99.99.5 (R) QM_IDLE 03:13:04: CryptoEngine0: generate hmac context for conn id 1 03:13:04: ipsec allocate flow 0 03:13:04: ipsec allocate flow 0 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): Creating IPSec SAs 03:13:04: inbound SA from 99.99.99.5 to 99.99.99.1 (proxy 10.2.1.2 to 10.13.1.0) 03:13:04: has spi 0x2205B25D and conn_id 2000 and flags 4 03:13:04: outbound SA from 99.99.99.1 to 99.99.99.5 (proxy 10.13.1.0 to 10.2.1.2) 03:13:04: has spi -1338747879 and conn_id 2001 and flags 4 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): deleting node -195511155 error FALSE reason "saved qm no longer needed" 03:13:04: ISAKMP (0:1): deleting node -1651205463 error FALSE reason "quick mode done (await()" 03:13:04: IPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event... 03:13:04: IPSEC(initialize_sas): , (key eng. msg.) dest= 99.99.99.1, src= 99.99.99.5, dest_proxy= 10.13.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), src_proxy= 10.2.1.2/0.0.0.0/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0x2205B25D(570798685), conn_id= 2000, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 03:13:04: IPSEC(initialize_sas): , (key eng. msg.) src= 99.99.99.1, dest= 99.99.99.5, src_proxy= 10.13.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), dest_proxy= 10.2.1.2/0.0.0.0/0/0 (type=1), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0xB0345419(2956219417), conn_id= 2001, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 03:13:04: IPSEC(create_sa): sa created, (sa) sa_dest= 99.99.99.1, sa_prot= 50, sa_spi= 0x2205B25D(570798685), sa_trans= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , sa_conn_id= 2000 03:13:04: IPSEC(create_sa): sa created, (sa) sa_dest= 99.99.99.5, sa_prot= 50, sa_spi= 0xB0345419(2956219417), sa_trans= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , sa_conn_id= 2001 03:13:04: ISAKMP: received ke message (4/1) 03:13:04: ISAKMP: Locking struct 6269C36C for IPSEC 03:13:05: IPSEC(decapsulate): error in decapsulation crypto_ipsec_sa_exists
개정 | 게시 날짜 | 의견 |
---|---|---|
1.0 |
21-Jan-2005 |
최초 릴리스 |