Dit document beschrijft hoe u de Cisco Secure PIX-firewall in een site-to-site IPSec VPN kunt configureren met overlappende privé-netwerkadressen achter VPN-gateways. De uitgebreide NAT-optie (Network adresomzetting) die in PIX 6.2 is geïntroduceerd, wordt in dit voorbeeld gebruikt om de overlappende netwerken aan elke kant van de IPSec VPN-tunnel te vertalen naar niet-overlappende adresruimtes.
Er zijn geen specifieke vereisten van toepassing op dit document.
De informatie in dit document is gebaseerd op de volgende software- en hardware-versies:
Cisco Secure PIX-firewall 506 met softwareversie 6.3(3)
VPN 3030 Concentrator met softwareversie 4.1(5)
De informatie in dit document is gebaseerd op de apparaten in een specifieke laboratoriumomgeving. Alle apparaten die in dit document worden beschreven, hadden een opgeschoonde (standaard)configuratie. Als uw netwerk live is, moet u de potentiële impact van elke opdracht begrijpen.
Raadpleeg voor meer informatie over documentconventies de technische Tips van Cisco.
Deze sectie bevat informatie over het configureren van de functies die in dit document worden beschreven.
N.B.: Als u aanvullende informatie wilt vinden over de opdrachten in dit document, gebruikt u het Opdrachtplanningprogramma (alleen geregistreerd klanten).
Dit document gebruikt de netwerkinstellingen die in dit diagram worden weergegeven.
Zowel Private_LAN1 als Private_LAN2 hebben een IP-subtype van 192.168.4.0/24. Dit simuleert de overlappende adresruimte achter elke kant van de IPSec-tunnel. De VPN 3000 Concentrator wordt hier gebruikt als voorbeeld van een concentrator die niet de functionaliteit van NAT over VPN-verkeer heeft.
In dit voorbeeld voert de PIX een tweerichtingsvertaling uit zodat de twee particuliere LAN’s via de IPSec-tunnel kunnen communiceren. De vertaling betekent dat Private_LAN1 "ziet" Private_LAN2 als 10.1.1.0/24 door de IPSec-tunnel en Private_LAN2 "ziet" Private_LAN1 als 20.1.1.0/24 door de IPSec-tunnel.
PIX |
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P520-1(config)#show run : Saved : PIX Version 6.3(3) interface ethernet0 auto interface ethernet1 auto nameif ethernet0 outside security0 nameif ethernet1 inside security100 enable password 8Ry2YjIyt7RRXU24 encrypted passwd 2KFQnbNIdI.2KYOU encrypted hostname P520-1 domain-name bru-ch.com fixup protocol dns maximum-length 512 fixup protocol ftp 21 fixup protocol h323 h225 1720 fixup protocol h323 ras 1718-1719 fixup protocol http 80 fixup protocol rsh 514 fixup protocol rtsp 554 fixup protocol sip 5060 fixup protocol sip udp 5060 fixup protocol skinny 2000 fixup protocol smtp 25 fixup protocol sqlnet 1521 fixup protocol tftp 69 names !--- Defines IPSec interesting traffic. !--- Note that the host behind PIX communicates !--- to Private_LAN1 using 10.1.1.0/24. !--- When the packets arrive at the PIX, they are first !--- translated to 192.168.4.0/24 and then encrypted by IPSec. access-list 101 permit ip 20.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 pager lines 24 mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 ip address outside 172.16.172.34 255.255.255.0 ip address inside 192.168.4.4 255.255.255.0 ip audit info action alarm ip audit attack action alarm pdm history enable arp timeout 14400 !--- Static translation defined to translate Private_LAN2 !--- from 192.168.4.0/24 to 10.1.1.0/24. static (outside,inside) 10.1.1.0 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 0 0 !--- Static translation defined to translate Private_LAN1 !--- from 192.168.4.0/24 to 20.1.1.0/24. !--- Note that this translation is used for both !--- VPN and Internet traffic from Private_LAN1. !--- A routable global IP address range, or an extra NAT !--- at the ISP router (in front of PIX), is !--- required if Private_LAN1 also needs internal access. static (inside,outside) 20.1.1.0 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 0 0 route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.172.55 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 rpc 0:10:00 h225 1:00:00 timeout h323 0:05:00 mgcp 0:05:00 sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute aaa-server TACACS+ protocol tacacs+ aaa-server RADIUS protocol radius aaa-server LOCAL protocol local no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server community public no snmp-server enable traps floodguard enable sysopt connection permit-ipsec !--- Defines IPSec encryption and authentication algorithms. crypto ipsec transform-set myset esp-des esp-md5-hmac !--- Defines crypto map. crypto map vpn 10 ipsec-isakmp crypto map vpn 10 match address 101 crypto map vpn 10 set peer 172.16.172.55 crypto map vpn 10 set transform-set myset !--- Apply crypto map on the outside interface. crypto map vpn interface outside isakmp enable outside !--- Defines pre-shared secret (cisco123) used for IKE authentication. isakmp key ******** address 172.16.172.55 netmask 255.255.255.255 isakmp identity address !--- Defines ISAKMP policy. isakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share isakmp policy 1 encryption des isakmp policy 1 hash md5 isakmp policy 1 group 1 isakmp policy 1 lifetime 86400 telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 terminal width 80 Cryptochecksum:6cc25fc2fea20958dfe74c1fca45ada2 : end |
Voor het doeladres 20.1.1.0/24 (Private_LAN1) moet u een statische route op VPN 3000 hebben. U kunt dit doen door Configuration > System > IP Routing > Static Routes te selecteren en Add te kiezen. Nadat u de velden invullen, klikt u op Toevoegen.
Gebruik de instellingen in deze afbeeldingen om uw VPN 3000 Concentrator te configureren.
Deze sectie verschaft informatie die u kunt gebruiken om te bevestigen dat uw configuratie correct werkt.
Bepaalde opdrachten met show worden ondersteund door de tool Output Interpreter (alleen voor geregistreerde klanten). Hiermee kunt u een analyse van de output van opdrachten met show genereren.
toon crypto isakmp sa - display alle huidige IKE-beveiligingsassociaties (Internet Key Exchange) bij een peer.
Laat crypto isakmp als detail zien - toon de details van alle huidige IKE SA's bij een peer.
toon crypto ipsec sa - Hiermee worden de instellingen weergegeven die door huidige SA's worden gebruikt.
Gedetailleerde informatie tonen - Hiermee geeft u informatie over de vertaalsleuf weer.
P520-1(config)# P520-1(config)#show crypto isakmp sa Total : 1 Embryonic : 0 dst src state pending created 172.16.172.55 172.16.172.34 QM_IDLE 0 1 P520-1(config)#show crypto isakmp sa detail Total : 1 Embryonic : 0 Local Remote Encr Hash Auth State Lifetime 172.16.172.34:500 172.16.172.55:500 des md5 psk QM_IDLE 86211 P520-1(config)# P520-1(config)#show crypto ipsec sa interface: outside Crypto map tag: vpn, local addr. 172.16.172.34 local ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (20.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0) remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0) current_peer: 172.16.172.55:500 PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,} #pkts encaps: 4, #pkts encrypt: 4, #pkts digest 4 #pkts decaps: 4, #pkts decrypt: 4, #pkts verify 4 #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0 #pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0 #send errors 1, #recv errors 0 local crypto endpt.: 172.16.172.34, remote crypto endpt.: 172.16.172.55 path mtu 1500, ipsec overhead 56, media mtu 1500 current outbound spi: 734575cb inbound esp sas: spi: 0xe028850d(3760751885) transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac , in use settings ={Tunnel, } slot: 0, conn id: 1, crypto map: vpn sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607999/28751) IV size: 8 bytes replay detection support: Y inbound ah sas: inbound pcp sas: outbound esp sas: spi: 0x734575cb(1933931979) transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac , in use settings ={Tunnel, } slot: 0, conn id: 2, crypto map: vpn sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607999/28751) IV size: 8 bytes replay detection support: Y outbound ah sas: P520-1(config)#show xlate detail 2 in use, 2 most used Flags: D - DNS, d - dump, I - identity, i - inside, n - no random, o - outside, r - portmap, s - static NAT from inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1 flags s NAT from outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1 flags s
Gebruik pingverkeer om de tunnel te controleren. Dit debug van de uitvoer van icmp die op PIX is verzameld, illustreert hoe de pakketten door NAT zijn vertaald.
P520-1(config)# debug icmp trace ICMP trace on Warning: this may cause problems on busy networks P520-1(config)# 1: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3060 seq=4391 length=80 2: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1 3: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1 4: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3060 seq=4391 length=80 5: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1 6: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1 7: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3061 seq=4391 length=80 8: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1 9: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1 10: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3061 seq=4391 length=80 11: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1 12: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1 13: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3062 seq=4391 length=80 14: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1 15: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1 16: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3062 seq=4391 length=80 17: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1 18: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1 19: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3063 seq=4391 length=80 20: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1 21: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1 22: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3063 seq=4391 length=80 23: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1 24: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1 25: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3064 seq=4391 length=80 26: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1 27: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1 28: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3064 seq=4391 length=80 29: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1 30: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1 P520-1(config)#
Selecteer Monitoring > Sessies > Detail om de configuratie van VPN 3000 Concentrator te controleren.
Deze sectie bevat informatie waarmee u problemen met de configuratie kunt oplossen. De volgende documenten bevatten aanvullende informatie over de probleemoplossing:
Problemen oplossen Connection-problemen op VPN 3000 Concentrator
IP-beveiligingsprobleemoplossing - Oplossingen begrijpen en gebruiken van debug-opdrachten
Probleemoplossing voor de PIX om gegevensverkeer via een ingestelde IPSec-tunnelband door te geven
Bepaalde opdrachten met show worden ondersteund door de tool Output Interpreter (alleen voor geregistreerde klanten). Hiermee kunt u een analyse van de output van opdrachten met show genereren.
Opmerking: Voordat u debug-opdrachten afgeeft, raadpleegt u Belangrijke informatie over debug-opdrachten.
Deze uitvoer demonstreert het debug van de IKE-onderhandeling. Dit toont de uitgangen van de debug crypto isakmp en debug crypto ipsec opdrachten.
P520-1(config)#show debug debug crypto ipsec 1 debug crypto isakmp 1 P520-1(config)# ISAKMP (0): beginning Main Mode exchange crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500 OAK_MM exchange ISAKMP (0): processing SA payload. message ID = 0 ISAKMP (0): Checking ISAKMP transform 1 against priority 1 policy ISAKMP: encryption DES-CBC ISAKMP: hash MD5 ISAKMP: default group 1 ISAKMP: auth pre-share ISAKMP: life type in seconds ISAKMP: life duration (VPI) of 0x0 0x1 0x51 0x80 ISAKMP (0): atts are acceptable. Next payload is 0 ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload ISAKMP (0): SA is doing pre-shared key authentication using id type ID_IPV4_ADDR return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500 OAK_MM exchange ISAKMP (0): processing KE payload. message ID = 0 ISAKMP (0): processing NONCE payload. message ID = 0 ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload ISAKMP (0): received xauth v6 vendor id ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload ISAKMP (0): speaking to another IOS box! ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload ISAKMP (0): speaking to a VPN3000 concentrator ISAKMP (0): ID payload next-payload : 8 type : 1 protocol : 17 port : 500 length : 8 ISAKMP (0): Total payload length: 12 return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500 OAK_MM exchange ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload. message ID = 0 ISAKMP (0): processing HASH payload. message ID = 0 ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload ISAKMP (0): remote peer supports dead peer detection ISAKMP (0): SA has been authenticated ISAKMP (0): beginning Quick Mode exchange, M-ID of -995061605:c4b0909bIPSEC (key_engine): got a queue event... IPSEC(spi_response): getting spi 0xe028850d(3760751885) for SA from 172.16.172.55 to 172.16.172.34 for prot 3 return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR ISAKMP (0): sending INITIAL_CONTACT notify ISAKMP (0): sending NOTIFY message 24578 protocol 1 VPN Peer: ISAKMP: Added new peer: ip:172.16.172.55/500 Total VPN Peers:1 VPN Peer: ISAKMP: Peer ip:172.16.172.55/500 Ref cnt incremented to:1 Total VPN Peers:1 crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500 OAK_QM exchange oakley_process_quick_mode: OAK_QM_IDLE ISAKMP (0): processing SA payload. message ID = 3299905691 ISAKMP : Checking IPSec proposal 1 ISAKMP: transform 1, ESP_DES ISAKMP: attributes in transform: ISAKMP: SA life type in seconds ISAKMP: SA life duration (basic) of 28800 ISAKMP: SA life type in kilobytes ISAKMP: SA life duration (VPI) of 0x0 0x46 0x50 0x0 ISAKMP: encaps is 1 ISAKMP: authenticator is HMAC-MD5 ISAKMP (0): atts are acceptable.IPSEC(validate_proposal_request): proposal part #1, (key eng. msg.) dest= 172.16.172.55, src= 172.16.172.34, dest_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), src_proxy= 20.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 0s and 0kb, spi= 0x0(0), conn_id= 0, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 ISAKMP (0): processing NONCE payload. message ID = 3299905691 ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload. message ID = 3299905691 ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload. message ID = 3299905691 ISAKMP (0): Creating IPSec SAs inbound SA from 172.16.172.55 to 172.16.172.34 (proxy 192.168.4.0 to 20.1.1.0) has spi 3760751885 and conn_id 1 and flags 4 lifetime of 28800 seconds lifetime of 4608000 kilobytes outbound SA from 172.16.172.34 to 172.16.172.55 (proxy 20.1.1.0 to 192.168.4.0) has spi 1933931979 and conn_id 2 and flags 4 lifetime of 28800 seconds lifetime of 4608000 kilobytesIPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event... IPSEC(initialize_sas): , (key eng. msg.) dest= 172.16.172.34, src= 172.16.172.55, dest_proxy= 20.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), src_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 28800s and 4608000kb, spi= 0xe028850d(3760751885), conn_id= 1, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 IPSEC(initialize_sas): , (key eng. msg.) src= 172.16.172.34, dest= 172.16.172.55, src_proxy= 20.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), dest_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , lifedur= 28800s and 4608000kb, spi= 0x734575cb(1933931979), conn_id= 2, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4 VPN Peer: IPSEC: Peer ip:172.16.172.55/500 Ref cnt incremented to:2 Total VPN Peers:1 VPN Peer: IPSEC: Peer ip:172.16.172.55/500 Ref cnt incremented to:3 Total VPN Peers:1 return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR P520-1(config)# P520-1(config)# crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500 ISAKMP (0): processing NOTIFY payload 36136 protocol 1 spi 0, message ID = 1690390088 ISAMKP (0): received DPD_R_U_THERE from peer 172.16.172.55 ISAKMP (0): sending NOTIFY message 36137 protocol 1 return status is IKMP_NO_ERR_NO_TRANS P520-1(config)#
Revisie | Publicatiedatum | Opmerkingen |
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1.0 |
18-Jan-2008 |
Eerste vrijgave |