BGP EVPN DHCP Layer 2 Relay op Catalyst 9000 Series Switches implementeren

Inleiding

In dit document wordt beschreven hoe de functie EVPN VxLAN DHCP L2 Relay kan worden geconfigureerd, geverifieerd en probleemoplossing biedt.

Voorwaarden

Vereisten

• Deze optie wordt gebruikt in elke CGW-type implementatie waar DHCP wordt gebruikt 
• Als u beschermde segmentering implementeert, raadpleegt u deze documenten
  • Voer het BGP EVPN-routingbeleid op Catalyst 9000 Series Switches uit
  • Implementatie van BGP EVPN beschermde overlay segmentatie op Catalyst 9000 Series Switches

Gebruikte componenten

De informatie in dit document is gebaseerd op de volgende software- en hardware-versies:

• Catalyst 9300
• Catalyst 9400
• Catalyst 9500
• Catalyst 9600
• Cisco IOS® XE 17.12.1 en latere versies 

De informatie in dit document is gebaseerd op de apparaten in een specifieke laboratoriumomgeving. Alle apparaten die in dit document worden beschreven, hadden een opgeschoonde (standaard)configuratie. Als uw netwerk live is, moet u zorgen dat u de potentiële impact van elke opdracht begrijpt.

Achtergrondinformatie

Documentgegevens

Dit document kan worden gebruikt voor elke CGW-implementatie waarbij DHCP moet worden gerelayeerd vanaf een blad zonder SVI naar de centrale gateway.

• Als u geen beschermde segmentatie gebruikt, gebruikt u het gedeelte van het document waarin SVI in de stof wordt geadverteerd 

Als u beschermde segmentatie implementeert, maakt dit document deel 2 uit van 3 onderling gerelateerde documenten:

• Document 1:Voer het BGP EVP-routingbeleid op Catalyst 9000 Series Switches uit om te bepalen hoe het BGP BUM-verkeer in de Overlay wordt bestuurd en moet eerst worden geconfigureerd 
• Document 2:Implementeer BGP EVPN Protected Overlay Segmentation op Catalyst 9000 Series Switches bouwt voort op het Overlay-ontwerp en het beleid van document 1 en beschrijft de implementatie van het 'beschermde' sleutelwoord.
• Document 3: Dit document. Voortbouwt op de laatste twee documenten en beschrijft de manier waarop DHCP-relay wordt geïmplementeerd met Layer 2 alleen folders en CGW

L2 Relay-gedrag

Terminologie

Configureren (standaard CGW-implementatie)

Netwerkdiagram

Opmerking: dit gedeelte behandelt een standaard CGW-implementatie zonder het gebruik van de beveiligde functie.

• Debugs die de DHCP DORA pakketuitwisseling tonen worden alleen getoond in het voorbeeld van het beschermde segment

L2 VTEP (Leaf) Key Details

Pakket aanvragen komt van client

• Gebruik de standaard gw geadverteerde CGW mac.

• Als er meer dan één gw bestaat, wordt eerst gw mac gebruikt.

• Converteer uitzending MAC (client geïnitieerd: D en R in DORA) naar unicast GW mac en door te sturen naar CGW

DHCP-spionage voegt hieraan toe: optie 82 subopties: circuit en RID-

(RID wordt gebruikt bij de verwerking van responspakketten op CGW)

(informeert CGW over zijn niet lokale en naar fabric relay terug naar L2VTEP)

Option: (82) Agent Information Option
        Length: 24​
        Option 82 Suboption: (1) Agent Circuit ID​
            Length: 12​
            Agent Circuit ID: 010a00080000277501010000​
        Option 82 Suboption: (2) Agent Remote ID​
            Length: 8​
          Agent Remote ID: ​
          000682c7bf88700 <-- switch base mac ​682c.7bf8.8700 (from 'show switch')

• Antwoordpakketten ontvangen van CGW via vxlan tunnel.

• Bladstroken optie 82.

• Voegt bindende ingangen met cliënt broninterface toe. (vxlan-mod-port geeft de client-broninterface).

• Respons pakket doorgestuurd naar client.

L3 VTEP (CGW) Key Details

• DHCP-inschakelen

• DHCP RELAY inschakelen in SVI-

• Het verzoek wordt ontvangen van L2VTEP, en gegeven aan relay.

• Relay voegt andere optie 82-subopties (bijv., server override, enzovoort) toe en stuurt deze naar DHCP-server.

• DHCP-respons van DHCP-server komt eerst naar RELAY component.

• Na RELAY strips van optie 82 parameters (i adres, server override, etc.) wordt het pakket doorgegeven aan dhcp snooping component.

• De component Snooping controleert het RID (Router ID) en als de niet-lokale component optie 82, suboptie 1 en 2, niet verwijdert.

• Fabric Releases (omdat RID niet lokaal is) worden pakketten rechtstreeks doorgestuurd naar externe client.

• Maakt gebruik van client-Mac en doet bridge-injectie.  Hardware voert client mac lookup uit en verstuurt het pakket met vxlan encap naar de oorspronkelijke L2VTEP.

L2VTEP

De evpn-instantie configureren

Leaf-01#show run | beg l2vpn evpn instance 201
l2vpn evpn instance 201 vlan-based
 encapsulation vxlan
 replication-type ingress

DHCP-controle inschakelen

Leaf-01#show run | sec dhcp snoop
ip dhcp snooping vlan 101,201
ip dhcp snooping

CGW

De evpn-instantie configureren

Border#sh run | s l2vpn evpn instance 201
l2vpn evpn instance 201 vlan-based
 encapsulation vxlan
 replication-type ingress
 default-gateway advertise enable  <-- Enable to add BGP DEF GW ext. community attribute 

Opmerking: het kenmerk DEF GW is van cruciaal belang voor L2 Relay om te weten wie het DHCP-pakket moet inkapselen en verzenden naar.

DHCP-controle inschakelen

Border#sh run | s dhcp snoop
ip dhcp snooping vlan 101,201
ip dhcp snooping

Zorg ervoor dat het DHCP-relay de juiste configuratie heeft om de extra opties te verwerken

Border#sh run int vl 201
Building configuration...

interface Vlan201
 mac-address 0000.beef.cafe
 vrf forwarding red
 ip dhcp relay information option vpn-id  <-- Ensure the vrf info is passed to the server
 ip dhcp relay source-interface Loopback0 <-- Sets the relay source interface to the loopback 
 ip address 10.1.201.1 255.255.255.0
 ip helper-address global 10.1.33.33      <-- In this scenario the DHCP server is in the global routing table

Verifiëren (standaard CGW-implementatie)

Gatewayprefix (blad)

Leaf-01#sh bgp l2vpn evpn route-type 2 0 0000.beef.cafe 10.1.201.1
BGP routing table entry for [2][172.16.255.3:201][0][48][0000BEEFCAFE][32][10.1.201.1]/24, version 896401
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table evi_201)  <-- In the EVI context for the segment
Not advertised to any peer
Refresh Epoch 3
Local, imported path from [2][172.16.255.6:201][0][48][0000BEEFCAFE][32][10.1.201.1]/24 (global)
  172.16.255.6 (metric 30) (via default) from 172.16.255.1 (172.16.255.1)
    Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best
    EVPN ESI: 00000000000000000000, Label1 20101              <-- Correct segment ID
    Extended Community: RT:65001:201 ENCAP:8 EVPN DEF GW:0:0  <-- GW attribute added indicating this is GW prefix which L2 Relay uses
    Originator: 172.16.255.6, Cluster list: 172.16.255.1      <-- Learned from the Border (CGW)
    rx pathid: 0, tx pathid: 0x0
    Updated on Nov 14 2023 16:06:40 UTC

FED MATM (blad)

Leaf-01#show platform software fed switch active matm macTable vlan 201
VLAN   MAC                  Type  Seq#    EC_Bi  Flags  machandle           siHandle            riHandle            diHandle              *a_time  *e_time  ports                                                         Con

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
201    0006.f601.cd42        0x1   32436      0      0  0x71e058dc3368      0x71e058655018      0x0                 0x71e05877c888            300       69  GigabitEthernet1/0/1                                          Yes

201    0006.f601.cd01        0x1   32437      0      0  0x71e058dae308      0x71e058655018      0x0                 0x71e05877c888            300        9  GigabitEthernet1/0/1                                          Yes

201    0000.beef.cafe  0x5000001       0      0     64  0x71e059177138      0x71e058eeb418      0x71e058df81f8      0x0                         0       69  VTEP 172.16.255.6 adj_id 1371                                 No
 <--- The GW MAC shows learnt via the Border Leaf Loopback with the right flags

Total Mac number of addresses:: 3
Summary:
Total number of secure addresses:: 0
Total number of drop addresses:: 0
Total number of lisp local addresses:: 0
Total number of lisp remote addresses:: 1          <--- 
*a_time=aging_time(secs)  *e_time=total_elapsed_time(secs)
Type:
MAT_DYNAMIC_ADDR           0x1  MAT_STATIC_ADDR            0x2  MAT_CPU_ADDR               0x4  MAT_DISCARD_ADDR           0x8
MAT_ALL_VLANS             0x10  MAT_NO_FORWARD            0x20  MAT_IPMULT_ADDR           0x40  MAT_RESYNC                0x80
MAT_DO_NOT_AGE           0x100  MAT_SECURE_ADDR          0x200  MAT_NO_PORT              0x400  MAT_DROP_ADDR            0x800
MAT_DUP_ADDR            0x1000  MAT_NULL_DESTINATION    0x2000  MAT_DOT1X_ADDR          0x4000  MAT_ROUTER_ADDR         0x8000
MAT_WIRELESS_ADDR      0x10000  MAT_SECURE_CFG_ADDR    0x20000  MAT_OPQ_DATA_PRESENT   0x40000  MAT_WIRED_TUNNEL_ADDR  0x80000
MAT_DLR_ADDR          0x100000  MAT_MRP_ADDR          0x200000  MAT_MSRP_ADDR         0x400000  MAT_LISP_LOCAL_ADDR   0x800000
MAT_LISP_REMOTE_ADDR 0x1000000  MAT_VPLS_ADDR        0x2000000  MAT_LISP_GW_ADDR     0x4000000                                 <-- these 3 values added = 0x5000001 (note that 0x4000000 = GW type address

Lokale MAC-(blad)

Leaf-01#show switch
Switch/Stack Mac Address : 682c.7bf8.8700 - Local Mac Address
Mac persistency wait time: Indefinite
                                             H/W   Current
Switch#   Role    Mac Address     Priority Version  State
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*1       Active   682c.7bf8.8700     1      V01     Ready   <--- Use to validate the Agent ID in DHCP Option 82

DHCP-controle (blad en CGW)

Leaf-01#show ip dhcp snooping
Switch DHCP snooping is enabled
Switch DHCP gleaning is disabled
DHCP snooping is configured on following VLANs:
101,201
DHCP snooping is operational on following VLANs:
101,201

Insertion of option 82 is enabled
circuit-id default format: vlan-mod-port
remote-id: 682c.7bf8.8700 (MAC)          <--- Leaf-01 adds the switch MAC to Option 82 to indicate to CGW the packet is remote

CGW#show ip dhcp snooping
Switch DHCP snooping is enabled
Switch DHCP gleaning is disabled
DHCP snooping is configured on following VLANs:
101,201
DHCP snooping is operational on following VLANs:
101,201

Configureren (gedeeltelijk geïsoleerd, beveiligd)

DHCP-spionage op het toegangsblad vertrouwt op de standaardgateway-route van CGW om de gateway MAC te leren om DHCP-pakketten door te sturen naar.

• Bij gebruik van het gedeeltelijk geïsoleerde ontwerp met externe gateway zijn extra configuraties vereist op CGW om de MAC-IP RT2 met de standaardgateway (DEF GW) attributen te adverteren.

Opmerking: Opmerking: in dit gedeelte wordt ook een volledig geïsoleerde implementatie van beschermde segmenten beschreven, die ook een GW gebruikt die in de stof wordt geadverteerd (in vergelijking met GW buiten de stof).

Netwerkdiagram

L2 VTEP (Leaf) Key Details

Pakket aanvragen komt van client

• Gebruik de standaard gw geadverteerde CGW mac.

• Als er meer dan één gw bestaat, wordt eerst gw mac gebruikt.

• Converteer uitzending MAC (client geïnitieerd: D en R in DORA) naar unicast GW mac en door te sturen naar CGW

DHCP-spionage voegt hieraan toe: optie 82 subopties: circuit en RID-

(RID wordt gebruikt bij de verwerking van responspakketten op CGW)

(informeert CGW over zijn niet lokale en naar fabric relay terug naar L2VTEP)

Option: (82) Agent Information Option
        Length: 24​
        Option 82 Suboption: (1) Agent Circuit ID​
            Length: 12​
            Agent Circuit ID: 010a00080000277501010000​
        Option 82 Suboption: (2) Agent Remote ID​
            Length: 8​
          Agent Remote ID: ​
          000682c7bf88700 <-- switch base mac ​682c.7bf8.8700 (from 'show switch')

• Antwoordpakketten ontvangen van CGW via vxlan tunnel.

• Bladstroken optie 82.

• Voegt bindende ingangen met cliënt broninterface toe. (vxlan-mod-port geeft de client-broninterface).

• Respons pakket doorgestuurd naar client.

L3 VTEP (CGW) Key Details

• DHCP-inschakelen

• DHCP RELAY inschakelen in SVI-

• Het verzoek wordt ontvangen van L2VTEP, en gegeven aan relay.

• Relay voegt andere optie 82-subopties (bijv., server override, enzovoort) toe en stuurt deze naar DHCP-server.

• DHCP-respons van DHCP-server komt eerst naar RELAY component.

• Na RELAY strips van optie 82 parameters (i adres, server override, etc.) wordt het pakket doorgegeven aan dhcp snooping component.

• De component Snooping controleert het RID (Router ID) en als de niet-lokale component optie 82, suboptie 1 en 2, niet verwijdert.

• Fabric Releases (omdat RID niet lokaal is) worden pakketten rechtstreeks doorgestuurd naar externe client.

• Maakt gebruik van client-Mac en doet bridge-injectie.  Hardware voert client mac lookup uit en verstuurt het pakket met vxlan encap naar de oorspronkelijke L2VTEP.

Stappen die vereist zijn om DHCP L2 Relay te ondersteunen:

1. IP lokaal leren inschakelen
2. Maak een beleid met glimmen gehandicapten 
3. Bevestigen aan externe gateway evi/vlans
4. Voeg statische ingangen toe aan de apparaattraceertabel voor externe gateway mac-ip
5. Maak BGP routekaart om RT2 MAC-IP prefixes aan te passen en stel de standaard gateway uitgebreide community in
6. Route-map toepassen op BGP-routereflectorburen 

7. Zorg ervoor dat het DHCP-relay de juiste configuratie heeft om de extra optie te verwerken

8. Configureer DHCP-controle op fabric VLAN en het externe GW-VLAN

Opmerking: er zijn geen wijzigingen in de configuratie vereist op de toegangslijsten om DHCP L2 Relay met externe gateway te ondersteunen.

CGW

IP lokaal leren inschakelen

CGW#show running-config | beg l2vpn evpn instance 202
l2vpn evpn instance 202 vlan-based
 encapsulation vxlan
 replication-type ingress
 ip local-learning enable 
<-- to advertise RT-2 with default gateway EC, ip local-learning must be enabled on the CGW. 
    Use additional device-tracking policy shown in the next output to prevent MAC-IP binding flapping while still being able to advertise RT-2 with default gateway Ext Community
 multicast advertise enable
<--- There is no default-gateway advertise enable cli here, as the SVI (Vlan 2021) used by this segment does not exist in this Vlan and is not part of the fabric 

Maak een beleid met glimmen gehandicapten

device-tracking policy dt-no-glean​ <-- Configure device tracking policy to prevent MAC-IP flapping 
 security-level glean​
 no protocol ndp​
 no protocol dhcp6​
 no protocol arp​
 no protocol dhcp4​

Hang aan externe gateway evi/vlans

CGW#show running-config | sec vlan config
vlan configuration 202
 member evpn-instance 202 vni 20201
 device-tracking attach-policy dt-no-glean <-- apply the new device tracking policy to the vlan configuration 

Voeg statische ingangen in apparaat het volgen lijst voor externe gateway mac-ip toe

device-tracking binding vlan 202 10.1.202.1 interface TwentyFiveGigE1/0/1 0000.beef.cafe
<-- All static entries in device tracking table should be for external gateway mac-ip’s. 
    If there is any other static entry in device tracking table, match ip/ipv6 configurations in route map with prefix lists (permit/deny) are required to attach default gateway extended community to external gateway mac-iproutes only.

Maak BGP routekaart om RT2 MAC-IP prefixes aan te passen en stel de standaard gateway uitgebreide community in

​route-map CGW_DEF_GW permit 10
 match evpn route-type 2-mac-ip <-- match RT2 type MAC-IP
 set extcommunity default-gw    <-- Set Default-gateway (DEF GW 0:0) extended community 
route-map CGW_DEF_GW permit 20

Route-map toepassen op BGP-routereflectorburen 

CGW#sh run | sec router bgp
address-family l2vpn evpn
 neighbor 172.16.255.1 activate
 neighbor 172.16.255.1 send-community both
 neighbor 172.16.255.1 route-map CGW_DEF_GW out  <-- Sets the DEF GW Community when it advertises MAC-IP type RT2 to the RR
 neighbor 172.16.255.2 activate
 neighbor 172.16.255.2 send-community both
 neighbor 172.16.255.2 route-map CGW_DEF_GW out <-- Sets the DEF GW Community when it advertises MAC-IP type RT2 to the RR

Zorg ervoor dat het DHCP-relay de juiste configuratie heeft om de extra opties te verwerken

CGW#show run int vl 2021
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 315 bytes
!
interface Vlan2021
 mac-address 0000.beef.cafe
 vrf forwarding pink
 ip dhcp relay information option vpn-id   <-- Ensure the vrf info is passed to the server
 ip dhcp relay source-interface Loopback0  <-- sets the relay source interface to the loopback 
 ip address 10.1.202.1 255.255.255.0
 ip helper-address global 10.1.33.33       <-- In this scenario the next hop to the DHCP server is in the global table
 no ip redirects
 ip local-proxy-arp
 ip route-cache same-interface
 no autostate

DHCP-controle op fabric-VLAN’s en het externe GW-VLAN configureren

Leaf01#sh run | s dhcp snoop
ip dhcp snooping vlan 202
ip dhcp snooping

CGW#sh run | s dhcp snoop
ip dhcp snooping vlan 202,2021  <-- snooping is required in both the fabric vlan and the external GW vlan 
ip dhcp snooping

Zorg ervoor dat de uplink naar de DHCP-server op de CGW wordt vertrouwd

CGW#sh run int tw 1/0/1

interface TwentyFiveGigE1/0/1
 switchport trunk allowed vlan 202
 switchport mode trunk
 ip dhcp snooping trust
end

CGW#sh run int tw 1/0/2

interface TwentyFiveGigE1/0/2
 switchport trunk allowed vlan 33,2021
 switchport mode trunk
 ip dhcp snooping trust
end

Opmerking: vanwege de manier waarop de server op het Firewall-apparaat is geplaatst, is de trust ingesteld op beide koppelingen naar dit apparaat. In het gezoomde diagram kunt u zien dat de Aanbieding bij zowel Tw1/0/1 als Tw1/0/2 in dit ontwerp aankomt.

Verifiëren (gedeeltelijk geïsoleerd, beveiligd)

Gatewayprefix (blad)

Leaf01#show bgp l2vpn evpn route-type 2 0 0000.beef.cafe 10.1.202.1
BGP routing table entry for [2][172.16.254.3:202][0][48][0000BEEFCAFE][32][10.1.202.1]/24, version 341181
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table evi_202)
  Not advertised to any peer
  Refresh Epoch 2
  Local, imported path from [2][172.16.254.6:202][0][48][0000BEEFCAFE][32][10.1.202.1]/24 (global)
    172.16.254.6 (metric 3) (via default) from 172.16.255.1 (172.16.255.1)
      Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best
      EVPN ESI: 00000000000000000000, Label1 20201
      Extended Community: RT:65001:202 ENCAP:8 EVPN DEF GW:0:0       <-- GW attribute added indicating this is GW prefix which L2 Relay uses
      Originator: 172.16.255.6, Cluster list: 172.16.255.1
      rx pathid: 0, tx pathid: 0x0
      Updated on Sep 19 2023 19:57:25 UTC

FED MATM (blad)

Bevestig het blad CGW Remote MAC in hardware heeft geïnstalleerd

Leaf01#show platform software fed switch active matm macTable vlan 202
VLAN   MAC                  Type  Seq#    EC_Bi  Flags  machandle           siHandle            riHandle            diHandle              *a_time  *e_time  ports                                                         Con
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
202    0006.f601.cd01        0x1    1093      0      0  0x71e05918f138      0x71e05917a1a8      0x0                 0x71e05877c888            300        8  GigabitEthernet1/0/1                                          Yes

202    0006.f601.cd44        0x1   14309      0      0  0x71e058cdc208      0x71e05917a1a8      0x0                 0x71e05877c888            300      169  GigabitEthernet1/0/1                                          Yes

202    0000.beef.cafe  0x5000001       0      0     64  0x71e058ee5d88      0x71e059195f88      0x71e059171678      0x0                         0        1  VTEP 172.16.254.6 adj_id 894                                  No
  <--- The GW MAC shows learnt via the Border Leaf Loopback

Total Mac number of addresses:: 3
Summary:
Total number of secure addresses:: 0
Total number of drop addresses:: 0
Total number of lisp local addresses:: 0
Total number of lisp remote addresses:: 1
*a_time=aging_time(secs)  *e_time=total_elapsed_time(secs)
Type:
MAT_DYNAMIC_ADDR           0x1  MAT_STATIC_ADDR            0x2  MAT_CPU_ADDR               0x4  MAT_DISCARD_ADDR           0x8
MAT_ALL_VLANS             0x10  MAT_NO_FORWARD            0x20  MAT_IPMULT_ADDR           0x40  MAT_RESYNC                0x80
MAT_DO_NOT_AGE           0x100  MAT_SECURE_ADDR          0x200  MAT_NO_PORT              0x400  MAT_DROP_ADDR            0x800
MAT_DUP_ADDR            0x1000  MAT_NULL_DESTINATION    0x2000  MAT_DOT1X_ADDR          0x4000  MAT_ROUTER_ADDR         0x8000
MAT_WIRELESS_ADDR      0x10000  MAT_SECURE_CFG_ADDR    0x20000  MAT_OPQ_DATA_PRESENT   0x40000  MAT_WIRED_TUNNEL_ADDR  0x80000
MAT_DLR_ADDR          0x100000  MAT_MRP_ADDR          0x200000  MAT_MSRP_ADDR         0x400000  MAT_LISP_LOCAL_ADDR   0x800000
MAT_LISP_REMOTE_ADDR 0x1000000  MAT_VPLS_ADDR        0x2000000  MAT_LISP_GW_ADDR     0x4000000                                    <-- these 3 values added = 0x5000001 (note that 0x4000000 = GW type address

Lokale MAC-(blad)

Leaf01#show switch
Switch/Stack Mac Address : 682c.7bf8.8700 - Local Mac Address
Mac persistency wait time: Indefinite
                                             H/W   Current
Switch#   Role    Mac Address     Priority Version  State
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*1       Active   682c.7bf8.8700     1      V01     Ready  <-- this is the MAC that will be added to DHCP Agent Remote ID

DHCP-controle (blad en CGW)

Bevestig dat DHCP-snuffelen is ingeschakeld op het blad in het fabric-VLAN 

Leaf01#show ip dhcp snooping
Switch DHCP snooping is enabled
Switch DHCP gleaning is disabled
DHCP snooping is configured on following VLANs:
202
DHCP snooping is operational on following VLANs:   <-- Snooping on in the Fabric Vlan 
202
<...snip...>

Insertion of option 82 is enabled
   circuit-id default format: vlan-mod-port
   remote-id: 682c.7bf8.8700 (MAC)            <--- Remote ID (RID) inserted by Leaf to DHCP packets
<...snip...>

Bevestig dat DHCP-snuffelen is ingeschakeld op de CGW in de fabric en externe gateway-VLAN’s 

CGW#show ip dhcp snooping
Switch DHCP snooping is enabled
Switch DHCP gleaning is disabled
DHCP snooping is configured on following VLANs:
202,2021
DHCP snooping is operational on following VLANs:  <-- Snooping on in the Fabric and External GW Vlans 
202,2021
<...snip...>

DHCP snooping trust/rate is configured on the following Interfaces:

Interface                  Trusted    Allow option    Rate limit (pps)
-----------------------    -------    ------------    ----------------
TwentyFiveGigE1/0/1              yes        yes             unlimited  <-- Trust set on ports the OFFER arrives on
Interface                  Trusted    Allow option    Rate limit (pps)
-----------------------    -------    ------------    ----------------
  Custom circuit-ids:
TwentyFiveGigE1/0/2              yes        yes             unlimited  <-- Trust set on ports the OFFER arrives on
  Custom circuit-ids:

Bevestig dat DHCP-snuffelband is gemaakt 

Leaf01#show ip dhcp snooping binding
MacAddress          IpAddress        Lease(sec)  Type           VLAN  Interface
------------------  ---------------  ----------  -------------  ----  --------------------
00:06:F6:01:CD:43   10.1.202.10      34261       dhcp-snooping   202   GigabitEthernet1/0/1  <-- DHCP Snooping has created the binding
Total number of bindings: 1

Probleemoplossing (elk CGW-type)

Debugs zijn handig om te laten zien hoe de DHCP-spionage en L2 Relay processen DHCP-pakketten verwerken.

Opmerking: deze debugs kunnen worden gebruikt voor elk type implementatie dat CGW gebruikt met DCHP L2 Relay.

DHCP-scannen van debuggen (blad)

Debug Snooping om pakketverwerking te bevestigen

Leaf01#debug ip dhcp snooping packet
DHCP Snooping Packet debugging is on

Leaf01#show debugging
DHCP Snooping packet debugging is on

Start de DHCP-adrespoging op de host

• Voor dit document werd een sluiting/geen sluiting van de SVI die via DHCP wordt aangepakt uitgevoerd om de DORA-uitwisseling te activeren
• Voor Windows host kunt u een ipconfig /release > ipconfig /renew doen 

Verzamel de debugs van show logging of van het terminalvenster

DHCP-DETECTIE

Ontdek is te zien komen van de gastheer geconfronteerd met haven

*Sep 19 20:16:31.164: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (GigabitEthernet1/0/1)  <-- host facing port

*Sep 19 20:16:31.177: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPDISCOVER, input interface: Gi1/0/1, MAC da: ffff.ffff.ffff, MAC sa: 0006.f601.cd43, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 0.0.0.0, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 1412061046, vlan_id: 202, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Sep 19 20:16:31.177: DHCP_SNOOPING: add relay information option.
*Sep 19 20:16:31.177: DHCP_SNOOPING: Encoding opt82 CID in vlan-mod-port format         <-- Option 82 encoding 
*Sep 19 20:16:31.177: DHCP_SNOOPING:VxLAN : vlan_id 202 VNI 20201 mod 1 port 1
*Sep 19 20:16:31.177: DHCP_SNOOPING: Encoding opt82 RID in MAC address format           <-- Encoding the switch Remote ID (local MAC)
*Sep 19 20:16:31.177: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of relay info option, length: 26 data:
0x52 0x18 0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0 0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0  <-- the switch local MAC 682c.7bf8.8700 
*Sep 19 20:16:31.177: DHCPS BRIDGE PAK: vlan=202 platform_flags=1
*Sep 19 20:16:31.177: DHCP_SNOOPING: bridge packet get invalid mat entry: FFFF.FFFF.FFFF, packet is flooded to ingress VLAN: (202)
*Sep 19 20:16:31.177: DHCP_SNOOPING: L2RELAY: sent unicast packet to default gw: 0000.beef.cafe vlan 0 src intf GigabitEthernet1/0/1  <-- indicates the L2 Relay function has picked up the packet and sent it to the CGW 

DHCP-AANBOD

Aanbieding wordt gezien bij aankomst van de fabric Tunnel interface 

*Sep 19 20:16:33.180: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (Tunnel0)
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPOFFER, input interface: Tu0, MAC da: 0006.f601.cd43, MAC sa: 0000.beef.cafe, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 10.1.202.1, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 10.1.202.18, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 10.1.202.1, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 1412061046, vlan_id: 202, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of option 82, length: 26 data:
0x52 0x18 0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0 0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted circuit id, length: 14 data:
0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted remote id, length: 10 data:
0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0                                 <-- the switch local MAC 682c.7bf8.8700
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194:  actual_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF global_opt82_fmt_rid OPT82_FMT_RID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL global_opt82_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: dhcp_snooping_platform_is_local_dhcp_packet: VXLAN-MOD-PORT opt82 vni 20201, vlan_id 202
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: opt82 data indicates local packet      <-- switch found its own RID in Option 82 parameters 
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: remove relay information option.
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING opt82_fmt_cid_intf OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF opt82_fmt_cid_global OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: VxLAN vlan_id 202 VNI 20201 mod 1 port 1
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: mod 1 port 1 idb Gi1/0/1 found for 0006.f601.cd43
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: calling forward_dhcp_reply
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: platform lookup dest vlan for input_if: Tunnel0, is  tunnel, if_output: NULL, if_output->vlan_id: 99999, pak->vlan_id: 202
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING opt82_fmt_cid_intf OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF opt82_fmt_cid_global OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: VxLAN vlan_id 202 VNI 20201 mod 1 port 1
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: mod 1 port 1 idb Gi1/0/1 found for 0006.f601.cd43
*Sep 19 20:16:33.194: DHCP_SNOOPING: vlan 202 after pvlan check
*Sep 19 20:16:33.207: DHCP_SNOOPING: direct forward dhcp replyto output port: GigabitEthernet1/0/1.  <-- sending packet to host port 

DHCP-VERZOEK

De aanvraag is te zien vanaf de host

*Sep 19 20:16:33.209: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (GigabitEthernet1/0/1)
*Sep 19 20:16:33.222: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPREQUEST, input interface: Gi1/0/1, MAC da: ffff.ffff.ffff, MAC sa: 0006.f601.cd43, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 0.0.0.0, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 1412061046, vlan_id: 202, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Sep 19 20:16:33.222: DHCP_SNOOPING: add relay information option.
*Sep 19 20:16:33.222: DHCP_SNOOPING: Encoding opt82 CID in vlan-mod-port format
*Sep 19 20:16:33.222: DHCP_SNOOPING:VxLAN : vlan_id 202 VNI 20201 mod 1 port 1
*Sep 19 20:16:33.222: DHCP_SNOOPING: Encoding opt82 RID in MAC address format
*Sep 19 20:16:33.222: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of relay info option, length: 26 data:
0x52 0x18 0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0 0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Sep 19 20:16:33.222: DHCPS BRIDGE PAK: vlan=202 platform_flags=1
*Sep 19 20:16:33.222: DHCP_SNOOPING: bridge packet get invalid mat entry: FFFF.FFFF.FFFF, packet is flooded to ingress VLAN: (202)
*Sep 19 20:16:33.222: DHCP_SNOOPING: L2RELAY: sent unicast packet to default gw: 0000.beef.cafe vlan 0 src intf GigabitEthernet1/0/1

DHCP-ACK

Ack ziet u aankomen vanuit de fabric Tunnel interface 

*Sep 19 20:16:33.225: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (Tunnel0)
*Sep 19 20:16:33.238: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPACK, input interface: Tu0, MAC da: 0006.f601.cd43, MAC sa: 0000.beef.cafe, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 10.1.202.1, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 10.1.202.10, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 10.1.202.1, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 1412061046, vlan_id: 202, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Sep 19 20:16:33.238: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of option 82, length: 26 data:
0x52 0x18 0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0 0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted circuit id, length: 14 data:
0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted remote id, length: 10 data:
0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239:  actual_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF global_opt82_fmt_rid OPT82_FMT_RID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL global_opt82_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: dhcp_snooping_platform_is_local_dhcp_packet: VXLAN-MOD-PORT opt82 vni 20201, vlan_id 202
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: opt82 data indicates local packet
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: dhcp_snooping_platform_is_local_dhcp_packet: VXLAN-MOD-PORT opt82 vni 20201, vlan_id 202
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: opt82 data indicates local packet
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING opt82_fmt_cid_intf OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF opt82_fmt_cid_global OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: VxLAN vlan_id 202 VNI 20201 mod 1 port 1
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: mod 1 port 1 idb Gi1/0/1 found for 0006.f601.cd43
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: Reroute dhcp pak, message type: DHCPACK
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: remove relay information option.
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING opt82_fmt_cid_intf OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF opt82_fmt_cid_global OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: VxLAN vlan_id 202 VNI 20201 mod 1 port 1
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: mod 1 port 1 idb Gi1/0/1 found for 0006.f601.cd43
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: calling forward_dhcp_reply
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: platform lookup dest vlan for input_if: Tunnel0, is  tunnel, if_output: NULL, if_output->vlan_id: 99999, pak->vlan_id: 202
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING opt82_fmt_cid_intf OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF opt82_fmt_cid_global OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: VxLAN vlan_id 202 VNI 20201 mod 1 port 1
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: mod 1 port 1 idb Gi1/0/1 found for 0006.f601.cd43
*Sep 19 20:16:33.239: DHCP_SNOOPING: vlan 202 after pvlan check
*Sep 19 20:16:33.252: DHCP_SNOOPING: direct forward dhcp replyto output port: GigabitEthernet1/0/1.

Opmerking: deze debugs zijn gegnipt. Zij produceren een geheugenstortplaats van het pakket, maar de annotatie van dit deel van het debug resultaat is buiten het werkingsgebied van dit document.

DHCP-scannen van debuggen (CGW)

DHCP-DETECTIE

Wegens hoe het pakket wordt verzonden en terug op CGW ontvangen (haarspelde bij de firewall) zuivert het tweemaal brand

Aankomen van stof op de interface van de Tunnel & verzonden twee 1/0/1 naar Firewall in Fabric VLAN 202

*Apr 16 14:37:43.890: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (Tunnel0)  <-- Discover sent from Leaf01 arrives at Tunnel interface of CGW
*Apr 16 14:37:43.901: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPDISCOVER, input interface: Tu0, MAC da: 0000.beef.cafe, MAC sa: 0006.f601.cd43, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 0.0.0.0, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 109663498, vlan_id: 202, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Apr 16 14:37:43.901: DHCPS BRIDGE PAK: vlan=202 platform_flags=1
*Apr 16 14:37:43.901: DHCP_SNOOPING: bridge packet send packet to port: TwentyFiveGigE1/0/1, pak_vlan 202. <-- Sent to Firewall interface where the CGW MAC is learned in Vlan 202

Aankomst van firewall op Tw 1/0/2 in VLAN 2021 om naar de SVI en helper naar DHCP-server te worden verzonden

*Apr 16 14:37:43.901: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (TwentyFiveGigE1/0/2) <-- Firewall sends discover back to switch on the Ext GW vlan 2021
*Apr 16 14:37:43.911: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPDISCOVER, input interface: Twe1/0/2, MAC da: 0000.beef.cafe, MAC sa: 0006.f601.cd43, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 0.0.0.0, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 109663498, vlan_id: 2021, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Apr 16 14:37:43.911: DHCPS BRIDGE PAK: vlan=2021 platform_flags=1      <-- Vlan discover seen is now 2021 
*Apr 16 14:37:43.911: DHCP_SNOOPING: Packet destined to SVI Mac:0000.beef.cafe
*Apr 16 14:37:43.911: DHCP_SNOOPING: bridge packet send packet to cpu port: Vlan2021.  <-- Packet punted to CPU for handling by DHCP helper 

DHCP-AANBOD

Komt van DHCP-server terug naar de SVI 2021 waar de helper is geconfigureerd en doorgestuurd naar de firewall

*Apr 16 14:37:45.913: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (Vlan2021)  <-- Arriving from the DHCP server to the SVI
*Apr 16 14:37:45.923: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPOFFER, input interface: Vl2021, MAC da: ffff.ffff.ffff, MAC sa: 0000.beef.cafe, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 10.1.202.1, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 10.1.202.19, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 10.1.202.1, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 109663498, vlan_id: 2021, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Apr 16 14:37:45.923: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of option 82, length: 26 data:
0x52 0x18 0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0 0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:45.924: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted circuit id, length: 14 data:
0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:45.924: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted remote id, length: 10 data:
0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:45.924: actual_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF global_opt82_fmt_rid OPT82_FMT_RID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL global_opt82_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Apr 16 14:37:45.924: dhcp_snooping_platform_is_local_dhcp_packet: VXLAN-MOD-PORT opt82 vni 20201, vlan_id 202
*Apr 16 14:37:45.924: DHCP_SNOOPING: opt82 data indicates not a local packet
*Apr 16 14:37:45.924: DHCP_SNOOPING: can't parse option 82 data of the message,it is either in wrong format or not inserted by local switch <-- This is expected even in working scenario (disregard it)
*Apr 16 14:37:45.924: DHCP_SNOOPING: calling forward_dhcp_reply
*Apr 16 14:37:45.924: platform lookup dest vlan for input_if: Vlan2021, is NOT tunnel, if_output: Vlan2021, if_output->vlan_id: 2021, pak->vlan_id: 2021
*Apr 16 14:37:45.924: DHCP_SNOOPING: vlan 2021 after pvlan check
*Apr 16 14:37:45.934: DHCP_SNOOPING: direct forward dhcp replyto output port: TwentyFiveGigE1/0/2. <-- sending back toward the Firewall 

Aankomst van firewall in fabric VLAN en verzonden van CGW in stof naar blad

*Apr 16 14:37:45.934: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (TwentyFiveGigE1/0/1)
*Apr 16 14:37:45.944: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPOFFER, input interface: Twe1/0/1, MAC da: ffff.ffff.ffff, MAC sa: 0000.beef.cafe, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 10.1.202.1, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 10.1.202.19, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 10.1.202.1, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 109663498, vlan_id: 202, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Apr 16 14:37:45.944: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of option 82, length: 26 data:
0x52 0x18 0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0 0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:45.944: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted circuit id, length: 14 data:
0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:45.944: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted remote id, length: 10 data:
0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:45.944: actual_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF global_opt82_fmt_rid OPT82_FMT_RID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL global_opt82_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Apr 16 14:37:45.944: dhcp_snooping_platform_is_local_dhcp_packet: VXLAN-MOD-PORT opt82 vni 20201, vlan_id 202
*Apr 16 14:37:45.945: DHCP_SNOOPING: opt82 data indicates not a local packet
*Apr 16 14:37:45.945: DHCP_SNOOPING: EVPN enabled Ex GW:fabric relay can't parse option 82 data of the message,it is either in wrong format or not inserted by local switch
*Apr 16 14:37:45.945: DHCP_SNOOPING: client address lookup failed to locate client interface, retry lookup using packet mac DA: ffff.ffff.ffff
*Apr 16 14:37:45.945: DHCP_SNOOPING: lookup packet destination port failed to get mat entry for mac: 0006.f601.cd43 vlan_id 202
*Apr 16 14:37:45.945: DHCP_SNOOPING: L2RELAY: Ex GW unicast bridge packet to fabric: vlan id 202 from Twe1/0/1  <-- L2 RELAY function passed back to fabric

DHCP-VERZOEK

*Apr 16 14:37:45.967: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (Tunnel0)
*Apr 16 14:37:45.978: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPREQUEST, input interface: Tu0, MAC da: 0000.beef.cafe, MAC sa: 0006.f601.cd43, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 0.0.0.0, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 109663498, vlan_id: 202, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Apr 16 14:37:45.978: DHCPS BRIDGE PAK: vlan=202 platform_flags=1
*Apr 16 14:37:45.978: DHCP_SNOOPING: bridge packet send packet to port: TwentyFiveGigE1/0/1, pak_vlan 202. <-- Send toward Firewall 

*Apr 16 14:37:45.978: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (TwentyFiveGigE1/0/2) <-- Receive from Firewall 
*Apr 16 14:37:45.989: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPREQUEST, input interface: Twe1/0/2, MAC da: 0000.beef.cafe, MAC sa: 0006.f601.cd43, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 0.0.0.0, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 109663498, vlan_id: 2021, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Apr 16 14:37:45.989: DHCPS BRIDGE PAK: vlan=2021 platform_flags=1
*Apr 16 14:37:45.989: DHCP_SNOOPING: Packet destined to SVI Mac:0000.beef.cafe
*Apr 16 14:37:45.989: DHCP_SNOOPING: bridge packet send packet to cpu port: Vlan2021.  <-- Punt to CPU / DHCP helper 

DHCP-ACK

*Apr 16 14:37:45.990: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (Vlan2021)  <-- Packet back to SVI from DHCP server 
*Apr 16 14:37:46.000: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPACK, input interface: Vl2021, MAC da: ffff.ffff.ffff, MAC sa: 0000.beef.cafe, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 10.1.202.1, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 10.1.202.19, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 10.1.202.1, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 109663498, vlan_id: 2021, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Apr 16 14:37:46.000: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of option 82, length: 26 data:
0x52 0x18 0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0 0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:46.000: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted circuit id, length: 14 data:
0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:46.000: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted remote id, length: 10 data:
0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:46.001: actual_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF global_opt82_fmt_rid OPT82_FMT_RID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL global_opt82_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Apr 16 14:37:46.001: dhcp_snooping_platform_is_local_dhcp_packet: VXLAN-MOD-PORT opt82 vni 20201, vlan_id 202
*Apr 16 14:37:46.001: DHCP_SNOOPING: opt82 data indicates not a local packet   <-- found this is coming from Leaf01 RID 
*Apr 16 14:37:46.001: DHCP_SNOOPING: can't parse option 82 data of the message,it is either in wrong format or not inserted by local switch
*Apr 16 14:37:46.001: DHCP_SNOOPING: calling forward_dhcp_reply
*Apr 16 14:37:46.001: platform lookup dest vlan for input_if: Vlan2021, is NOT tunnel, if_output: Vlan2021, if_output->vlan_id: 2021, pak->vlan_id: 2021
*Apr 16 14:37:46.001: DHCP_SNOOPING: vlan 2021 after pvlan check
*Apr 16 14:37:46.011: DHCP_SNOOPING: direct forward dhcp replyto output port: TwentyFiveGigE1/0/2.  <-- Send to Firewall 

*Apr 16 14:37:46.011: DHCP_SNOOPING: received new DHCP packet from input interface (TwentyFiveGigE1/0/1)  <-- Coming back in from Firewall
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: process new DHCP packet, message type: DHCPACK, input interface: Twe1/0/1, MAC da: ffff.ffff.ffff, MAC sa: 0000.beef.cafe, IP da: 255.255.255.255, IP sa: 10.1.202.1, DHCP ciaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP yiaddr: 10.1.202.19, DHCP siaddr: 0.0.0.0, DHCP giaddr: 10.1.202.1, DHCP chaddr: 0006.f601.cd43, efp_id: 109663498, vlan_id: 202, bootpflag:0x32768(Broadcast)
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of option 82, length: 26 data:
0x52 0x18 0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0 0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted circuit id, length: 14 data:
0x1 0xC 0x1 0xA 0x0 0x8 0x0 0x0 0x4E 0xE9 0x1 0x1 0x0 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: binary dump of extracted remote id, length: 10 data:
0x2 0x8 0x0 0x6 0x68 0x2C 0x7B 0xF8 0x87 0x0
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: actual_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_VXLAN_MOD_PORT_INTF global_opt82_fmt_rid OPT82_FMT_RID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL global_opt82_fmt_cid OPT82_FMT_CID_DEFAULT_GLOBAL cid: sub_option_length 12
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: dhcp_snooping_platform_is_local_dhcp_packet: VXLAN-MOD-PORT opt82 vni 20201, vlan_id 202
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: opt82 data indicates not a local packet
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: EVPN enabled Ex GW:fabric relay can't parse option 82 data of the message,it is either in wrong format or not inserted by local switch
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: client address lookup failed to locate client interface, retry lookup using packet mac DA: ffff.ffff.ffff
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: lookup packet destination port failed to get mat entry for mac: 0006.f601.cd43 vlan_id 202
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: can't find client's destination port, packet is assumed to be not from local switch, no binding update is needed.
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: client address lookup failed to locate client interface, retry lookup using packet mac DA: ffff.ffff.ffff
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: lookup packet destination port failed to get mat entry for mac: 0006.f601.cd43 vlan_id 202
*Apr 16 14:37:46.022: DHCP_SNOOPING: L2RELAY: Ex GW unicast bridge packet to fabric: vlan id 202 from Twe1/0/1  <-- Send packet back into fabric 

Geïntegreerde vastlegging

Gebruik EPC om te bevestigen dat DHCP-pakketuitwisseling en -parameters correct zijn

• Dit wordt getoond vanuit het perspectief van CGW, maar het proces kan op blad worden herhaald om de pakketuitwisseling te verifiëren
• Dit voorbeeld laat het programma Discover zien omdat het proces en de analyse hetzelfde zijn voor de andere DHCP-pakketten

Controleer de route naar de Leaf Loopback

CGW#show ip route 172.16.254.3
Routing entry for 172.16.254.3/32
  Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 3, type intra area
  Last update from 172.16.1.25 on TwentyFiveGigE1/0/47, 2w6d ago
  Routing Descriptor Blocks:
  * 172.16.1.29, from 172.16.255.3, 2w6d ago, via TwentyFiveGigE1/0/48
      Route metric is 3, traffic share count is 1
    172.16.1.25, from 172.16.255.3, 2w6d ago, via TwentyFiveGigE1/0/47
      Route metric is 3, traffic share count is 1

Opname configureren voor gebruik op koppelingen naar de Leaf01

   monitor capture 1 interface TwentyFiveGigE1/0/47 BOTH
   monitor capture 1 interface TwentyFiveGigE1/0/48 BOTH
   monitor capture 1 match any
   monitor capture 1 buffer size 100
   monitor capture 1 limit pps 1000

Start de opname, activeer uw host om een DHCP IP-adres op te vragen, stop de opname

monitor capture 1 start
  (have the host request dhcp ip)
monitor capture 1 stop

Bekijk het opnameresultaat vanaf de DHCP Discover (Let op de Transactie-ID om te bevestigen dat dit allemaal hetzelfde DORA-evenement is)

CGW#show monitor cap 1 buff brief | i DHCP
   16  12.737135      0.0.0.0 -> 255.255.255.255 DHCP 434 DHCP Discover - Transaction ID 0x78b <-- Discover starts at Frame 16 with all same transaction ID
   18  14.740041   10.1.202.1 -> 255.255.255.255 DHCP 438 DHCP Offer    - Transaction ID 0x78b
   19  14.742741      0.0.0.0 -> 255.255.255.255 DHCP 452 DHCP Request  - Transaction ID 0x78b
   20  14.745646   10.1.202.1 -> 255.255.255.255 DHCP 438 DHCP ACK      - Transaction ID 0x78b

CGW#sh mon cap 1 buff detailed | b Frame 16

Frame 16: 434 bytes on wire (3472 bits), 434 bytes captured (3472 bits) on interface /tmp/epc_ws/wif_to_ts_pipe, id 0
    [Protocols in frame: eth:ethertype:ip:udp:vxlan:eth:ethertype:ip:udp:dhcp]
Ethernet II, Src: dc:77:4c:8a:6d:7f (dc:77:4c:8a:6d:7f), Dst: 10:f9:20:2e:9f:82 (10:f9:20:2e:9f:82) <-- Underlay Interface MACs
    Type: IPv4 (0x0800)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 172.16.254.3, Dst: 172.16.254.6  
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 65281, Dst Port: 4789                  <-- VXLAN Port
Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network
    VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI): 20201                                <-- Correct VNI / Segment 
    Reserved: 0
Ethernet II, Src: 00:06:f6:01:cd:43 (00:06:f6:01:cd:43), Dst: 00:00:be:ef:ca:fe (00:00:be:ef:ca:fe) <-- Inner Packet destined to CGW MAC 
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 0.0.0.0, Dst: 255.255.255.255
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: 68, Dst Port: 67                       <-- DHCP ports

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Discover)                           <-- DHCP Discover Packet
    Client MAC address: 00:06:f6:01:cd:43 (00:06:f6:01:cd:43)
    Client hardware address padding: 00000000000000000000
    Server host name not given
    Boot file name not given
    Magic cookie: DHCP
    Option: (53) DHCP Message Type (Discover)
        Length: 1
        DHCP: Discover (1)
    Option: (57) Maximum DHCP Message Size
        Length: 2
        Maximum DHCP Message Size: 1152
    Option: (61) Client identifier
        Length: 27
        Type: 0
        Client Identifier: cisco-0006.f601.cd43-Vl202
    Option: (12) Host Name
        Length: 17
        Host Name: 9300-HOST-3750X-2
    Option: (55) Parameter Request List
        Length: 8
        Parameter Request List Item: (1) Subnet Mask
        Parameter Request List Item: (6) Domain Name Server
        Parameter Request List Item: (15) Domain Name
        Parameter Request List Item: (44) NetBIOS over TCP/IP Name Server
        Parameter Request List Item: (3) Router
        Parameter Request List Item: (33) Static Route
        Parameter Request List Item: (150) TFTP Server Address
        Parameter Request List Item: (43) Vendor-Specific Information
    Option: (60) Vendor class identifier
        Length: 8
        Vendor class identifier: ciscopnp
    Option: (82) Agent Information Option
        Length: 24
        Option 82 Suboption: (1) Agent Circuit ID
            Length: 12
            Agent Circuit ID: 010a000800004ee901010000
        Option 82 Suboption: (2) Agent Remote ID
            Length: 8
            Agent Remote ID: 0006682c7bf88700  <-- switch base mac ​682c.7bf8.8700 (from 'show switch')
    Option: (255) End
        Option End: 255

Opmerking: de Capture tool kan op elke bladeren of CGW worden gebruikt om het laatste punt te bepalen dat een deel van de DHCP DORA-uitwisseling waarschijnlijk niet werkt.

Controleer snuffelstatistieken voor fouten

Leaf01#show ip dhcp snooping statistics detail
 Packets Processed by DHCP Snooping                    = 1288
 Packets Dropped Because
   IDB not known                                       = 0
   Queue full                                          = 0
   Interface is in errdisabled                         = 0
   Rate limit exceeded                                 = 0
   Received on untrusted ports                         = 0
   Nonzero giaddr                                      = 0
   Source mac not equal to chaddr                      = 0
   No binding entry                                    = 0
   Insertion of opt82 fail                             = 0
   Unknown packet                                      = 0
   Interface Down                                      = 0
   Unknown output interface                            = 0
   Misdirected Packets                                 = 0
   Packets with Invalid Size                           = 0
   Packets with Invalid Option                         = 0
<-- Look for any drop counter that is actively incrementing when the issue is seen. 

Controleer puntpad voor DHCP-controle

• CoPP is de hoofdcomponent die pakketten in het puntpad laat vallen

Leaf01#show platform hardware switch active qos queue stats internal cpu policer

                         CPU Queue Statistics
============================================================================================
                                              (default) (set)     Queue        Queue
QId PlcIdx  Queue Name                Enabled   Rate     Rate      Drop(Bytes)  Drop(Frames)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17   6      DHCP Snooping               Yes     400       400      0            0
  
              CPU Queue Policer Statistics
====================================================================
Policer    Policer Accept   Policer Accept  Policer Drop  Policer Drop
  Index         Bytes          Frames        Bytes          Frames
-------------------------------------------------------------------
6          472723           1288            0             0

Een andere zeer nuttige opdracht om te lokaliseren waar een mogelijke pakketvloed voorkomt is 'toon platform software gevoed switch actieve punt tarieven interfaces"

• Dit is zeer nuttig om een broninterface te vinden waar overstroming plaatsvindt die het puntpad verstopt en het rechtmatige CPU-gebonden verkeer beïnvloedt

Leaf01#show platform software fed switch active punt rates interfaces
Punt Rate on Interfaces Statistics

Packets per second averaged over 10 seconds, 1 min and 5 mins
===========================================================================================
                             |           |  Recv |  Recv |  Recv |  Drop |  Drop  |  Drop   <-- Receive and drop rates for this port
 Interface Name              |  IF_ID    |  10s  |  1min |  5min |  10s  |  1min  |  5min
===========================================================================================
 GigabitEthernet1/0/1          0x0000000a       2       2       2       0       0       0   <-- the port and its IF-ID which can be used in the next command

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Leaf01#show platform software fed switch active punt rates interfaces 0xa  <-- From previous command (omit the leading zeros)
Punt Rate on Single Interfaces Statistics

Interface : GigabitEthernet1/0/1 [if_id: 0xA]

  Received                         Dropped
  --------                         -------
   Total          : 8032546          Total           : 0
   10 sec average : 2                10 sec average  : 0
    1 min average : 2                 1 min average  : 0
    5 min average : 2                 5 min average  : 0

Per CPUQ punt stats on the interface (rate averaged over 10s interval)
==========================================================================
 Q  |         Queue                 |  Recv   |  Recv  |  Drop  |  Drop  |
 no |         Name                  |  Total  |  Rate  |  Total |  Rate  |
==========================================================================
 17  CPU_Q_DHCP_SNOOPING                 1216        0        0        0
<...snip...>

DHCP-detecterende clientstatussen

Neem de DHCP-berichtuitwisseling in acht met deze opdracht. Dit kan op zowel Leaf als CGW worden uitgevoerd om de gebeurtenistracering te zien

Leaf01#show platform dhcpsnooping client stats 0006.F601.CD43
DHCPSN: DHCP snooping server
DHCPD: DHCP protocol daemen
L2FWD: Transmit Packet to driver in L2 format
FWD: Transmit Packet to driver
(B): Dhcp message's response expected as 'B'roadcast
(U): Dhcp message's response expected as 'U'nicast
Packet Trace for client MAC 0006.F601.CD43:
Timestamp                Destination MAC  Destination Ip  VLAN  Message      Handler:Action
------------------------ ---------------- --------------- ----  ------------ ----------------
2023/09/28 14:53:59.866  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPDISCOVER(B) PUNT:RECEIVED
2023/09/28 14:53:59.866  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPDISCOVER(B) PUNT:TO_DHCPSN
2023/09/28 14:53:59.867  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPDISCOVER(B) BRIDGE:RECEIVED
2023/09/28 14:53:59.867  0000.BEEF.CAFE   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPDISCOVER(B) L2INJECT:TO_FWD
2023/09/28 14:53:59.867  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPDISCOVER(B) BRIDGE:TO_INJECT
2023/09/28 14:53:59.867  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPDISCOVER(B) L2INJECT:TO_FWD
2023/09/28 14:54:01.871  0006.F601.CD43   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPOFFER(B)    PUNT:RECEIVED
2023/09/28 14:54:01.871  0006.F601.CD43   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPOFFER(B)    PUNT:TO_DHCPSN
2023/09/28 14:54:01.874  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPREQUEST(B)  PUNT:RECEIVED
2023/09/28 14:54:01.874  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPREQUEST(B)  PUNT:TO_DHCPSN
2023/09/28 14:54:01.874  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPREQUEST(B)  BRIDGE:RECEIVED
2023/09/28 14:54:01.874  0000.BEEF.CAFE   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPREQUEST(B)  L2INJECT:TO_FWD
2023/09/28 14:54:01.874  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPREQUEST(B)  BRIDGE:TO_INJECT
2023/09/28 14:54:01.874  FFFF.FFFF.FFFF   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPREQUEST(B)  L2INJECT:TO_FWD
2023/09/28 14:54:01.877  0006.F601.CD43   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPACK(B)      PUNT:RECEIVED
2023/09/28 14:54:01.877  0006.F601.CD43   255.255.255.255 202  DHCPACK(B)      PUNT:TO_DHCPSN

Aanvullende debugs

debug ip dhcp server packet detail
debug ip dhcp server packet
debug ip dhcp server events
debug ip dhcp snooping packet
debug dhcp detail

Waarschuwing: voorzichtigheid is geboden bij het uitvoeren van debugs!

Gerelateerde informatie

• Voer het BGP EVPN-routingbeleid op Catalyst 9000 Series Switches uit
• Implementatie van BGP EVPN beschermde overlay segmentatie op Catalyst 9000 Series Switches
• DHCP-controle en probleemoplossing op Catalyst 9000 Switches