配置路由器，以使用 ISDN BRI 拨号连接多个站点

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已更新: 2010 年 2 月 4 日

文档 ID:14562

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关于此翻译

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简介

在某些情况下，您需要配置路由器以拨打多个站点。例如，您可能必须要拨通路由器连接到公司网络的某部分，并拨通网络服务提供商（ISP）路由器连接互联网。

本文档提供一个配置示例，其中中央路由器访问Internet，远程办公室使用集成多业务数字网络(ISDN)。远程办公室还可以通过中央路由器访问中央路由器和Internet。

先决条件

要求

在继续此配置之前，请确保：

检验ISDN第1层和第2层是否已启用。有关详细信息，请参阅使用show isdn status命令进行BRI故障排除。
从ISP获取必要信息，例如身份验证方法，该方法可以是质询握手身份验证协议(CHAP)或密码身份验证协议(PAP)、用户名和密码、拨号号码和拨号器接口的IP地址（除非接口使用协商的地址）。另外，了解是否需要NAT将多台主机连接到ISP。
从远程路由器获取有关身份验证方法、用户名和密码、拨号号码和IP地址的信息。

使用的组件

本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本：

Cisco 803路由器，带Cisco IOS^®软件版本12.1(11)IP和

注意：如果需要配置NAT，请确保您具有IP Plus（IOS文件名中有“is”）功能集。
Cisco 2501路由器，是运行Cisco IOS软件版本12.2(5)的远程办公室。

注意：不包括ISP路由器的配置。有关某些示例配置，请参阅拨号和接入技术支持页。

本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备创建的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您是在真实网络上操作，请确保您在使用任何命令前已经了解其潜在影响。

配置

本部分提供有关如何配置本文档所述功能的信息。

注：要查找有关本文档中使用的命令的其他信息，请使用命令查找工具(仅注册客户)。

配置

在此配置中，中央路由器被命名为“中央”，远程公司办公室被命名“远程”。

在中心，拨号器接口1配置为访问Internet。ISP动态分配IP地址。NAT用于使中央LAN、远程LAN和中央远程WAN的IP网络在动态分配的IP地址的帮助下访问Internet。请联系您的ISP，检查您是否需要NAT。

注意：我们同时配置了PAP和CHAP，因为这取决于ISP配置的内容（但只使用其中一个）。

中央
version 12.1 no parser cache service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec ! hostname central ! username remote password 0 remote !--- Username and shared secret password for the router (remote) !--- (used for CHAP authentication). !--- Shared secret password must be the same on both sides. ! isdn switch-type basic-net3 ! ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside !--- Ethernet 0 is an inside NAT interface. !--- All traffic from this network will be translated. no cdp enable ! interface BRI0 !--- If you have additional BRIs, copy this BRI 0 configuration to the other BRIs. no ip address encapsulation ppp dialer pool-member 1 !--- Assign BRI0 as member of dialer pool 1. !--- Dialer pool 1 is specified in interface Dialer 1. dialer pool-member 2 !--- Assign BRI0 as member of dialer pool 2. !--- Dialer pool 2 is specified in interface Dialer 2. isdn switch-type basic-net3 !--- This depends on the country. no cdp enable ppp authentication chap pap callin !--- Permit one-way CHAP and PAP authentication. !--- Configure authentication on both the physical and dialer interface. ! interface Dialer1 !--- Create a dialer interface for every device to which you need to connect. description CONNECTION TO INTERNET ip address negotiated !--- This IP address is obtained from the ISP. If the ISP permits a static !--- address, configure that address instead. ip nat outside !--- The Outside NAT interface. Because this interface only has one IP address, !--- all traffic from the inside network will be Port Address Translated (PAT). encapsulation ppp dialer pool 1 !--- Dialer profile 1. Remember that interface BRI 0 is a member of this profile. dialer remote-name ISP dialer idle-timeout 180 dialer string 6122 !--- The number used to dial the ISP. dialer-group 1 !--- Apply interesting traffic definition from dialer-list 1. no cdp enable ppp authentication chap pap callin ppp chap hostname XXXXX !--- XXXXX is the username the ISP expects in order to authenticate this router. !--- For more information, refer to the document on ppp chap hostname. ppp chap password YYYYY !--- YYYYY is the password the ISP expects in order to authenticate this router. ppp pap sent-username XXXXX password YYYYY !--- PAP username and password. !--- This is required only if the ISP does not support CHAP. ! interface Dialer2 description CONNECTION TO REMOTE OFFICE ip address 192.168.17.2 255.255.255.252 !--- IP address for the connection to the remote office. !--- The remote office BRI interface is in the same subnet. ip nat inside !--- Dialer 2 is an inside NAT interface. !--- With this configuration, traffic from remote office is translated !--- before it is sent to the ISP. encapsulation ppp dialer pool 2 !--- Dialer profile 2. Remember that interface BRI 0 is a member of this profile. dialer remote-name remote !--- Specifies the remote router name (remote). !--- This name must match that used by the remote router to authenticate itself. !--- Remember that we configured the router username and password earlier. dialer idle-timeout 180 dialer string 6121 !--- Number used to dial the remote office router. dialer-group 1 !--- Apply interesting traffic definition from dialer-list 1. no cdp enable ppp authentication chap callin ! ip nat inside source list 101 interface Dialer1 overload !--- Establishes dynamic source translation (with PAT) for addresses that are !--- identified by the access list 101. no ip http server ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer1 !--- Default route. Such traffic will use dialer 1 to the ISP. ip route 10.2.0.0 255.255.255.0 Dialer2 !--- Route to remote router network. Traffic for 10.2.0.0/24 uses Dialer2. ! access-list 101 permit ip 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 101 permit ip 10.2.0.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 101 permit ip 192.168.17.0 0.0.0.3 any !--- Defines an access list that permits the addresses to be translated. !--- Note that the Ethernet 0 network, the remote router network and the !--- BRI network (between this router and the remote one) will be translated. dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit !--- Interesting traffic definition. !--- This definition is applied to both connections. !--- If you need to define different interesting traffic for each connection, !--- create two dialer-lists and apply one to each dialer profile with dialer-group. no cdp run ! line con 0 exec-timeout 3 0 line vty 0 4 exec-timeout 3 0 ! ! end

中央

version 12.1
no parser cache
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
!
hostname central
!
username remote password 0 remote

!--- Username and shared secret password for the router (remote) !--- (used for CHAP authentication). !--- Shared secret password must be the same on both sides.

!
isdn switch-type basic-net3
!
!
interface Ethernet0
ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside

!--- Ethernet 0 is an inside NAT interface. !--- All traffic from this network will be translated.

no cdp enable
!
interface BRI0

!--- If you have additional BRIs, copy this BRI 0 configuration to the other BRIs.

no ip address
encapsulation ppp
dialer pool-member 1

!--- Assign BRI0 as member of dialer pool 1. !--- Dialer pool 1 is specified in interface Dialer 1.

dialer pool-member 2

!--- Assign BRI0 as member of dialer pool 2. !--- Dialer pool 2 is specified in interface Dialer 2.

isdn switch-type basic-net3

!--- This depends on the country.

no cdp enable
ppp authentication chap pap callin

!--- Permit one-way CHAP and PAP authentication. !--- Configure authentication on both the physical and dialer interface.

!
interface Dialer1

!--- Create a dialer interface for every device to which you need to connect.

description CONNECTION TO INTERNET
ip address negotiated

!--- This IP address is obtained from the ISP. If the ISP permits a static !--- address, configure that address instead.

ip nat outside

!--- The Outside NAT interface. Because this interface only has one IP address, !--- all traffic from the inside network will be Port Address Translated (PAT).

encapsulation ppp
dialer pool 1

!--- Dialer profile 1. Remember that interface BRI 0 is a member of this profile.

dialer remote-name ISP
dialer idle-timeout 180
dialer string 6122

!--- The number used to dial the ISP.

dialer-group 1

!--- Apply interesting traffic definition from dialer-list 1.

no cdp enable
ppp authentication chap pap callin
ppp chap hostname XXXXX

!--- XXXXX is the username the ISP expects in order to authenticate this router. !--- For more information, refer to the document on ppp chap hostname.

ppp chap password YYYYY

!--- YYYYY is the password the ISP expects in order to authenticate this router.

ppp pap sent-username XXXXX password YYYYY

!--- PAP username and password. !--- This is required only if the ISP does not support CHAP.

!
interface Dialer2
description CONNECTION TO REMOTE OFFICE
ip address 192.168.17.2 255.255.255.252

!--- IP address for the connection to the remote office. !--- The remote office BRI interface is in the same subnet.

ip nat inside

!--- Dialer 2 is an inside NAT interface. !--- With this configuration, traffic from remote office is translated !--- before it is sent to the ISP.

encapsulation ppp
dialer pool 2

!--- Dialer profile 2. Remember that interface BRI 0 is a member of this profile.

dialer remote-name remote

!--- Specifies the remote router name (remote). !--- This name must match that used by the remote router to authenticate itself. !--- Remember that we configured the router username and password earlier.

dialer idle-timeout 180
dialer string 6121

!--- Number used to dial the remote office router.

dialer-group 1

!--- Apply interesting traffic definition from dialer-list 1.

no cdp enable
ppp authentication chap callin
!
ip nat inside source list 101 interface Dialer1 overload

!--- Establishes dynamic source translation (with PAT) for addresses that are !--- identified by the access list 101.

no ip http server
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer1

!--- Default route. Such traffic will use dialer 1 to the ISP.

ip route 10.2.0.0 255.255.255.0 Dialer2

!--- Route to remote router network. Traffic for 10.2.0.0/24 uses Dialer2.

!
access-list 101 permit ip 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255 any
access-list 101 permit ip 10.2.0.0 0.0.0.255 any
access-list 101 permit ip 192.168.17.0 0.0.0.3 any

!--- Defines an access list that permits the addresses to be translated. !--- Note that the Ethernet 0 network, the remote router network and the !--- BRI network (between this router and the remote one) will be translated.

dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit

!--- Interesting traffic definition. !--- This definition is applied to both connections. !--- If you need to define different interesting traffic for each connection, !--- create two dialer-lists and apply one to each dialer profile with dialer-group.

no cdp run
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 3 0
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 3 0
!
!
end

远程
version 12.2 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec ! hostname remote ! username central password 0 remote !--- Username and shared secret password for the router (central) !--- (used for CHAP authentication). !--- Shared secret must be the same on both sides. ! isdn switch-type basic-net3 ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 10.2.0.1 255.255.255.0 !--- Remember that this network is included in the NAT statements on central. no cdp enable ! interface BRI0 no ip address encapsulation ppp dialer pool-member 1 !--- Assign BRI0 as member of dialer pool 1. !--- Dialer pool 1 is specified in interface Dialer 1. isdn switch-type basic-net3 no cdp enable ppp authentication chap ! interface Dialer1 ip address 192.168.17.1 255.255.255.252 encapsulation ppp dialer pool 1 !--- Dialer profile 1. Remember that interface BRI 0 is a member of this profile. dialer remote-name central !--- Specifies the name of the other router (central). !--- This name must match that used by the remote router to authenticate itself. !--- Remember that we configured the router username and password earlier. dialer string 6131 !--- The number used to dial the central router. dialer-group 1 !--- Apply interesting traffic definition from dialer-list 1. pulse-time 0 no cdp enable ppp authentication chap callin ! ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer1 !--- Default route. Such traffic will use dialer 1 to the central router. no ip http server ! dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit !--- All IP traffic is interesting. ! line con 0 exec-timeout 3 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 exec-timeout 3 0 ! end

远程

version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
!
hostname remote
!
username central password 0 remote

!--- Username and shared secret password for the router (central) !--- (used for CHAP authentication). !--- Shared secret must be the same on both sides.

!
isdn switch-type basic-net3
!
interface Ethernet0
ip address 10.2.0.1 255.255.255.0

!--- Remember that this network is included in the NAT statements on central.

no cdp enable
!
interface BRI0
no ip address
encapsulation ppp
dialer pool-member 1

!--- Assign BRI0 as member of dialer pool 1. !--- Dialer pool 1 is specified in interface Dialer 1.

isdn switch-type basic-net3
no cdp enable
ppp authentication chap
!
interface Dialer1
ip address 192.168.17.1 255.255.255.252
encapsulation ppp
dialer pool 1

!--- Dialer profile 1. Remember that interface BRI 0 is a member of this profile.

dialer remote-name central

!--- Specifies the name of the other router (central). !--- This name must match that used by the remote router to authenticate itself. !--- Remember that we configured the router username and password earlier.

dialer string 6131

!--- The number used to dial the central router.

dialer-group 1

!--- Apply interesting traffic definition from dialer-list 1.

pulse-time 0
no cdp enable
ppp authentication chap callin
!
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer1

!--- Default route. Such traffic will use dialer 1 to the central router.

no ip http server
!
dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit

!--- All IP traffic is interesting.

!
line con 0
exec-timeout 3 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 3 0
!
end

验证

本部分所提供的信息可用于确认您的配置是否正常工作。

命令输出解释程序工具（仅限注册用户）支持某些 show 命令，使用此工具可以查看对 show 命令输出的分析。

show isdn active — 显示您用于发出呼叫的ISDN号码，并指示呼叫是入站还是出站。
show caller ip - 显示您提供的 IP 地址的呼叫方信息概要。
show ip interface dialer 1 | include Internet — 列出拨号器接口的IP信息和状态摘要。
show dialer [interface type number] - 显示为按需拨号路由 (DDR) 配置的接口的一般诊断信息。 如果拨号器正常启动，则显示以下消息：
```
Dialer state is data link layer up
```
如果显示物理层，则表明线路协议已建立，但网络控制协议(NCP)没有。启动拨号的数据包的源地址和目标地址显示在 Dial reason line 中。此show命令也显示计时器的配置和连接超时前的时间。

故障排除

本部分提供的信息可用于对配置进行故障排除。

故障排除命令

命令输出解释程序工具（仅限注册用户）支持某些 show 命令，使用此工具可以查看对 show 命令输出的分析。

注意：在发出debug命令之前，请参阅有关Debug命令的重要信息。

debug dialer — 显示有关拨号器接口上的数据包或事件的调试信息。
debug isdn q931 — 显示有关本地路由器（用户端）和网络之间ISDN网络连接（第3层）的呼叫建立和拆卸的信息。
debug ppp negotiation — 显示有关点对点协议(PPP)流量和在PPP组件协商期间交换的信息，包括有关链路控制协议(LCP)、身份验证和NCP的信息。成功的PPP协商将首先开放LCP状态，然后进行验证，最后进行NCP协商。
debug ppp authentication — 使debug ppp命令显示身份验证协议消息，包括CHAP数据包交换和PAP交换。
debug ip peer — 包含有关对等体的信息。

调试输出

要排除配置故障，请使用以下调试：

   central#debug isdn q931 
   ISDN Q931 packets debugging is on 
   
   central#debug dialer 
   Dial on demand events debugging is on 
   
   central#debug ppp negotiation 
   PPP protocol negotiation debugging is on 
   
   central#debug ppp authentication 
   PPP authentication debugging is on 
   
   central#debug ip peer 
   IP peer address activity debugging is on

名为central的路由器发起对Internet的呼叫：198.133.219.25是Internet上的IP地址。

   central#ping 198.133.219.25

   :.!!!! 
   Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/41/44 ms 

   *Mar 1 00:06:12.984: BR0 DDR: rotor dialout [priority] 
   *Mar 1 00:06:12.988: BR0 DDR: Dialing cause ip (s=172.17.243.115, 
    d=198.133.219.25)    
   *Mar 1 00:06:12.988: BR0 DDR: Attempting to dial 6122 
   *Mar 1 00:06:12.996: ISDN BR0: TX -> SETUP pd = 8 callref = 0x01 

 !--- central initiates the call to ISDN number 6122. 

   *Mar 1 00:06:13.000: Bearer Capability i = 0x8890 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.008: Channel ID i = 0x83 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.008: Called Party Number i = 0x80, '6122', Plan:Unknown,
   Type:Unknown 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.088: ISDN BR0: RX <- CALL_PROC pd = 8 callref = 0x81 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.092: Channel ID i = 0x89 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.244: ISDN BR0: RX <- CONNECT pd = 8 callref = 0x81 

 !--- central receives a connect message : the ISDN B channel is established. 

   *Mar 1 00:06:13.252: ISDN BR0: TX -> CONNECT_ACK pd = 8 callref = 0x01 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.260: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.268: BR0:1: interface must be fifo queue, force FIFO 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.272: %DIALER-6-BIND: Interface BR0:1 bound to profile Di1 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.280: BR0:1 PPP: Treating connection as a callout 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.280: BR0:1 PPP: Phase is ESTABLISHING, Active Open 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.284: BR0:1 PPP: No remote authentication for call-out 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.284: BR0:1 LCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 1 len 10 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.284: BR0:1 LCP: MagicNumber 0x108130DD (0x0506108130DD) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.300: BR0:1 LCP: I CONFREQ [REQsent] id 132 Len 15 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.300: BR0:1 LCP: AuthProto CHAP (0x0305C22305) 

 !--- The ISP wants to use CHAP authentication. 

   *Mar 1 00:06:13.304: BR0:1 LCP: MagicNumber 0xE4225290 (0x0506E4225290) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.304: BR0:1 LCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 132 Len 15 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.308: BR0:1 LCP: AuthProto CHAP (0x0305C22305) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.308: BR0:1 LCP: MagicNumber 0xE4225290 (0x0506E4225290) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.308: BR0:1 LCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 1 Len 10 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.312: BR0:1 LCP: MagicNumber 0x108130DD (0x0506108130DD) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.312: BR0:1 LCP: State is Open 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.320: BR0:1 PPP: Phase is AUTHENTICATING, by the peer 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.328: BR0:1 AUTH: Started process 0 pid 22 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.328: BR0:1 CHAP: I CHALLENGE id 118 Len 27 from "posets"    
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.332: BR0:1 CHAP: Using alternate hostname XXXXX 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.332: BR0:1 CHAP: Username posets not found 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.336: BR0:1 CHAP: Using default password 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.336: BR0:1 CHAP: O RESPONSE id 118 Len 26 from "XXXXX"    
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.360: BR0:1 CHAP: I SUCCESS id 118 Len 4 
   
!--- central receives a CHAP SUCCESS from ISP. 

   *Mar 1 00:06:13.360: BR0:1 PPP: Phase is UP 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.364: BR0:1 IPCP: O CONFREQ [Not negotiated] id 1 Len 10 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.364: BR0:1 IPCP: Address 0.0.0.0 (0x030600000000) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.368: BR0:1 IPCP: I CONFREQ [REQsent] id 108 Len 10 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.368: BR0:1 IPCP: Address 194.183.201.1 (0x0306C2B7C901) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.368: BR0:1: IPPOOL: validate address = 194.183.201.1 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.372: BR0:1 set_ip_peer(3): new address 194.183.201.1 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.372: BR0:1 IPCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 108 Len 10 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.376: BR0:1 IPCP: Address 194.183.201.1 (0x0306C2B7C901) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.380: BR0:1 IPCP: I CONFNAK [ACKsent] id 1 Len 10 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.380: BR0:1 IPCP: Address 194.183.201.3 (0x0306C2B7C903) 

 !--- 194.183.201.3 is assigned by ISP to dialer 1 of central. 

   *Mar 1 00:06:13.384: BR0:1 IPCP: O CONFREQ [ACKsent] id 2 Len 10 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.384: BR0:1 IPCP: Address 194.183.201.3 (0x0306C2B7C903) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.396: BR0:1 IPCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 2 Len 10 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.400: BR0:1 IPCP: Address 194.183.201.3 (0x0306C2B7C903) 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.400: BR0:1 IPCP: State is Open 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.400: Di1 IPCP: Install negotiated IP interface address
   194.183.201.3 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.412: BR0:1 DDR: dialer protocol up 
   *Mar 1 00:06:13.416: Di1 IPCP: Install route to 194.183.201.1 
   *Mar 1 00:06:14.360: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0:1,
   changed state to up 
   *Mar 1 00:06:19.276: %ISDN-6-CONNECT: Interface BRI0:1 is now connected to 6122
   unknown

配置路由器，以使用 ISDN BRI 拨号连接多个站点

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非歧视性语言

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目录

简介

先决条件

要求

使用的组件

规则

相关产品

配置

网络图

配置

验证

故障排除

故障排除命令

调试输出

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