简介
本文档介绍PfRv3(性能路由)如何发现分支位置的外部接口。此过程在PfRv2中有所不同,在PfRv2中,分支位置的外部接口在各自站点的主控制器(MC)路由器上手动配置。在PfRv3中,任何分支站点路由器都不需要手动配置,因为这些路由器是通过智能探测功能自动发现的。
智能探测功能是集线器主控制器(MC)以分支位置发往主路由器的UDP探测功能。不要将其与IP SLA探测功能相混淆。智能探测器使用18000作为源端口,使用19000作为目的端口。
先决条件
要求
思科建议您对性能路由第3版(PfRv3)有基本的了解。
使用的组件
本文档不限于特定的软件和硬件版本。
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始(默认)配置。如果您使用的是真实网络,请确保您已经了解所有命令的潜在影响。
背景信息
PfR的主要应用之一是广域网负载均衡,要实现此PfR,需要识别所有可用的外部链路(WAN)。 在PfRv2中,站点的WAN链路在站点的主控制器路由器上手动定义。如果需要配置的站点很少,则此方法可以正常工作,但随着要监控的站点数量增加,复杂性也会增加,因为需要在每个站点上执行此配置。即使及时管理每个站点配置也变得困难。
在下一代PfR中,为应对这一挑战而引入的一个功能是能够自动执行此发现过程。在PfRv3中,此自动化在智能探测功能的帮助下完成,智能探测功能可自动发现所有分支站点上的接口。
配置
网络图
本文档将以下图像作为文档其余部分的示例拓扑。
图中所示的设备:
R1 — 服务器,发起流量。
R3 — 集线器主控制器。
R4 — 中心边界路由器。
R5 — 中心边界路由器。
R9 — 分支机构主控制器位置
R10 — 分支位置的分支主控制器
R9有两个DMVPN隧道,即隧道100和隧道200。隧道100在R4上终止,隧道200在R5上终止。
配置
R3:集线器主控制器配置
domain one
vrf default
master hub
source-interface Loopback0
load-balance
class test1 sequence 1
class TEST sequence 10
match dscp ef policy custom
priority 1 one-way-delay threshold 25
path-preference INET1 fallback INET2
R4:集线器边界路由器配置
vrf default
border
source-interface Loopback0
master 10.3.3.3
R4#sh run int tu 100
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 542 bytes
!
interface Tunnel100
description -- TO BORDER ROUTERS --
bandwidth 1000
ip address 10.0.100.84 255.255.255.0
no ip redirects
ip mtu 1400
ip flow monitor MONITOR-STATS input
ip flow monitor MONITOR-STATS output
ip nhrp authentication cisco
ip nhrp map multicast dynamic
ip nhrp network-id 1
ip nhrp holdtime 600
ip tcp adjust-mss 1360
load-interval 30
delay 5100
tunnel source Ethernet0/1
tunnel mode gre multipoint
tunnel key 100
tunnel vrf INET1
tunnel protection ipsec profile DMVPN-PROFILE1
domain one path INET1 -----> INET1 is the name defined for the external interface.
R5:中心边界路由器配置
vrf default
border
source-interface Loopback0
master 10.3.3.3
R5#sh run int tu 200
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 542 bytes
!
interface Tunnel200
description -- TO BORDER ROUTERS --
bandwidth 1000
ip address 10.0.200.85 255.255.255.0
no ip redirects
ip mtu 1400
ip flow monitor MONITOR-STATS input
ip flow monitor MONITOR-STATS output
ip nhrp authentication cisco
ip nhrp map multicast dynamic
ip nhrp network-id 2
ip nhrp holdtime 600
ip tcp adjust-mss 1360
load-interval 30
delay 5100
tunnel source Ethernet0/1
tunnel mode gre multipoint
tunnel key 200
tunnel vrf INET2
tunnel protection ipsec profile DMVPN-PROFILE2
domain one path INET2 -----> INET2 is the name defined for the external interface.
R9:分支主控制器配置
domain one
vrf default
border
source-interface Loopback0
master local
master branch
source-interface Loopback0
hub 10.3.3.3
R9#show run int tun100
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 548 bytes
!
interface Tunnel100
bandwidth 400
ip address 10.0.100.10 255.255.255.0
no ip redirects
ip mtu 1400
ip flow monitor MONITOR-STATS input
ip flow monitor MONITOR-STATS output
ip nhrp authentication cisco
ip nhrp map 10.0.100.84 10.4.81.4
ip nhrp map multicast 10.4.81.4
ip nhrp network-id 1
ip nhrp holdtime 600
ip nhrp nhs 10.0.100.84
ip nhrp registration timeout 60
ip tcp adjust-mss 1360
tunnel source Ethernet0/1
tunnel mode gre multipoint
tunnel key 100
tunnel vrf INET1
tunnel protection ipsec profile DMVPN-PROFILE1
end
R9#show run int tun200
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 588 bytes
!
interface Tunnel200
bandwidth 400
ip address 10.0.200.10 255.255.255.0
no ip redirects
ip mtu 1400
ip flow monitor MONITOR-STATS input
ip flow monitor MONITOR-STATS output
ip nhrp authentication cisco
ip nhrp map 10.0.200.85 10.5.82.5
ip nhrp map multicast 10.5.82.5
ip nhrp network-id 2
ip nhrp holdtime 600
ip nhrp nhs 10.0.200.85
ip nhrp nhs cluster 0 max-connections 2
ip nhrp registration no-unique
ip tcp adjust-mss 1360
tunnel source Ethernet0/2
tunnel mode gre multipoint
tunnel key 200
tunnel vrf INET2
tunnel protection ipsec profile DMVPN-PROFILE2
end
注意:在R9分支站点上,无需明确配置来标识外部接口,因为外部接口将使用前面讨论的智能探测功能从中心主控制器路由器自动发现。
验证
以下显示集线器主控制器上PfR的状态:
R3#show domain one master status
*** Domain MC Status ***
Master VRF: Global
Instance Type: Hub
Instance id: 0
Operational status: Up
Configured status: Up
Loopback IP Address: 10.3.3.3
Load Balancing:
Admin Status: Disabled
Operational Status: Down
Enterprise top level prefixes configured: 0
Route Control: Enabled
Mitigation mode Aggressive: Disabled
Policy threshold variance: 20
Minimum Mask Length: 28
Sampling: off
Borders:
IP address: 10.4.4.4
Connection status: CONNECTED (Last Updated 00:20:50 ago )
Interfaces configured:
Name: Tunnel100 | type: external | Service Provider: INET1 | Status: UP
Number of default Channels: 0
Tunnel if: Tunnel0
IP address: 10.5.5.5
Connection status: CONNECTED (Last Updated 00:20:50 ago )
Interfaces configured:
Name: Tunnel200 | type: external | Service Provider: INET2 | Status: UP
Number of default Channels: 0
Tunnel if: Tunnel0
注意:上述输出显示,边界R4上的Tunnel100显示外部接口为INET1,边界R5(10.5.5.5)上的外部接口为Tunnel200,标记为INET2。
R9上的以下命令显示自动发现的接口。
R9#show domain one master status
*** Domain MC Status ***
Master VRF: Global
Instance Type: Branch
Instance id: 0
Operational status: Up
Configured status: Up
Loopback IP Address: 10.9.9.9
Load Balancing:
Operational Status: Down
Route Control: Enabled
Mitigation mode Aggressive: Disabled
Policy threshold variance: 20
Minimum Mask Length: 28
Sampling: off
Minimum Requirement: Met
Borders:
IP address: 10.9.9.9
Connection status: CONNECTED (Last Updated 00:25:58 ago )
Interfaces configured:
Name: Tunnel200 | type: external | Service Provider: INET2 | Status: UP
Number of default Channels: 0
Name: Tunnel100 | type: external | Service Provider: INET1 | Status: UP
Number of default Channels: 0
Tunnel if: Tunnel0
注意:以上输出显示,R9(10.9.9.9)上的隧道200和隧道100(作为外部接口)已分别发现为INET1和INET2。
这些接口已通过智能探测功能发现。Netflow已配置为显示这些探测的源端口和目标端口。
R9#show flow monitor MONITOR-STATS cache format table
Cache type: Normal
Cache size: 4096
Current entries: 5
High Watermark: 5
Flows added: 5
Flows aged: 0
- Active timeout ( 60 secs) 0
- Inactive timeout ( 60 secs) 0
- Event aged 0
- Watermark aged 0
- Emergency aged 0
IPV4 SRC ADDR IPV4 DST ADDR TRNS SRC PORT TRNS DST PORT INTF INPUT FLOW DIRN IP DSCP IP PROT
=============== =============== ============= ============= ==================== ========= ======= =======
10.3.3.3 10.9.9.9 18000 19000 Tu100 Input 0x00 17
10.3.3.3 10.9.9.9 18000 19000 Tu200 Input 0x00 17
如果没有流量,则在与dscp 0关联的信道上发现外部接口。默认信道从集线器到分支站点创建,即使可能没有任何流量。这是为了帮助在Branch上发现接口。但是,也可以在非默认信道上发现接口。以下输出显示,为dscp值0自动创建通道17和通道16,因为目前没有活动流量,因此将在dscp 0上发送发现数据包。
R9#show domain one master channels dscp 0
Legend: * (Value obtained from Network delay:)
Channel Id: 17 Dst Site-Id: 10.3.3.3 Link Name: INET2 DSCP: default [0] TCs: 0
Channel Created: 05:08:04 ago
Provisional State: Discovered and open
Operational state: Available
Interface Id: 12
Estimated Channel Egress Bandwidth: 0 Kbps
Immitigable Events Summary:
Total Performance Count: 0, Total BW Count: 0
TCA Statitics:
Received:0 ; Processed:0 ; Unreach_rcvd:0
Channel Id: 16 Dst Site-Id: 10.3.3.3 Link Name: INET1 DSCP: default [0] TCs: 0
Channel Created: 05:08:34 ago
Provisional State: Discovered and open
Operational state: Available
Interface Id: 11
Estimated Channel Egress Bandwidth: 0 Kbps
Immitigable Events Summary:
Total Performance Count: 0, Total BW Count: 0
TCA Statitics:
Received:1 ; Processed:0 ; Unreach_rcvd:1
故障排除
目前没有针对此配置的故障排除信息。