使用VRF的EIGRP故障切换配置示例

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已更新: 2012 年 2 月 22 日
文档 ID:113446

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简介

本文档介绍如何使用虚拟路由和转发(VRF)使用增强型内部网关路由协议(EIGRP)配置故障切换。VRF是IP路由的扩展，提供多个路由实例。Internet服务提供商(ISP)利用此VRF为客户创建单独的虚拟专用网络(VPN)，因为它允许路由表中存在多个实例。

先决条件

  • EIGRP 的基础知识

  • VRF的基本知识

硬件与软件版本

本文档中的配置基于Cisco IOS®软件版本12.4(15)T 13上的Cisco 3700系列路由器。

规则

有关文档规则的详细信息，请参阅 Cisco 技术提示规则。

配置

在本例中，路由器R1被视为PE路由器。路由器R2和R3被视为CE路由器。路由器使用EIGRP相互通信。如果R2与R1失去连接（即，在故障转移情况下），路由可以通过R3到达R1。路由器R2和R3之间有MPLS连接。

注意：使用命令查找工具(仅限注册客户)可查找有关本文档中使用的命令的详细信息。

网络图

本文档使用以下网络设置：

failover-eigrp-vrf-01.gif

配置

本文档使用以下配置：

路由器 R1 
!
version 12.4
!
hostname R1
!
ip cef
!
!
interface Loopback0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip address 57.35.169.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router eigrp 220
 network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
 network 57.35.169.2 0.0.0.0
 network 192.168.1.0
 no auto-summary

!--- Configured EIGRP and advertised the networks.

!
end

路由器 R2 
!
version 12.4
!
hostname R2
!
ip cef
!
ip vrf A

!--- Configures VRF routing table!

 rd 1.1.1.1:111

!---Configuring a route distinguisher RD creates routing and forwarding table for a VRF. The RD can be used in either of these formats: - 16-bit AS number: Your 32-bit number (for example, 1:100) - 32-bit IP address: Your 16-bit number (In our case, 1.1.1.1:111) 

 route-target export 1.1.1.1:111
 route-target import 1.1.1.1:111

!--- Creates a list of import and/or export route target communities for the specified VRF.

!
ip vrf B
 rd 2.2.2.2:222
import ipv4 unicast map vrfA-to-vrfB

!--- Associates the specified route map with the VRF.

 route-target export 2.2.2.2:222
 route-target import 2.2.2.2:222
!
mpls label protocol ldp
!
interface Loopback1
 ip vrf forwarding B

!--- Associates a VRF instance with an interface.

 ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip vrf forwarding A
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip vrf forwarding A
 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 mpls ip
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip vrf forwarding B
 ip address 203.197.194.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router eigrp 1
 no auto-summary
 !
 address-family ipv4 vrf B

!--- Enter address family configuration mode for configuring EIGRP routing sessions. 

  network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255
  network 203.197.194.0
  no auto-summary
  autonomous-system 330

!--- Defines the autonomous system number for this specific instance of EIGRP.

 exit-address-family
 !
 address-family ipv4 vrf A
  network 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0
   network 192.168.1.0
  no auto-summary
  autonomous-system 220
 exit-address-family
!
access-list 99 permit 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 99 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 101 permit udp host 192.168.1.1 eq bootps host 1.1.1.1 eq bootps

!--- Create access list in order to permit the host addresses.

!
route-map vrfA-to-vrfB permit 10
 match ip address 99

!--- Created a route map and distributed the routes permitted by access list 99. 

!
end

路由器 R3 
!
version 12.4
!
hostname R3
!
ip cef
!
!
!
!
ip vrf A
 rd 1.1.1.1:111
!
mpls label protocol ldp
!
interface Loopback1
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip vrf forwarding A
 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 mpls ip
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 ip vrf forwarding A
 ip address 57.35.169.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 203.197.194.2 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
!
router eigrp 330
 network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
 network 10.0.0.2 0.0.0.0
 network 57.35.169.1 0.0.0.0
 network 203.197.194.0
 no auto-summary
 !
 address-family ipv4 vrf A
  network 10.0.0.2 0.0.0.0
  network 57.35.169.1 0.0.0.0
  no auto-summary
 autonomous-system 220
 exit-address-family
!
end

验证

使用本部分可确认配置能否正常运行。

命令输出解释程序（仅限注册用户）(OIT) 支持某些 show 命令。使用 OIT 可查看对 show 命令输出的分析。

显示命令

要检验EIGRP是否配置正确，请使用show ip route vrf命令。

show ip route vrf
在路由器 R2 中 
R2#show ip route vrf A

Routing Table: A
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       I - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       2.2.2.2 [90/409600] via 192.168.1.2, 00:15:47, FastEthernet0/0
     57.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       57.35.169.0 [90/307200] via 192.168.1.2, 00:15:47, FastEthernet0/0
                    [90/307200] via 10.0.0.2, 00:15:47, FastEthernet0/1
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
在路由器 R3 中 
R3#show ip route vrf A

Routing Table: A
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       I - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D       2.2.2.2 [90/409600] via 57.35.169.2, 00:16:59, FastEthernet0/1
     57.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       57.35.169.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
D    192.168.1.0/24 [90/307200] via 57.35.169.2, 00:17:02, FastEthernet0/1
                    [90/307200] via 10.0.0.1, 00:17:02, FastEthernet0/0

!--- Displays the routing table associated with VRF instance A.

如果R2与R1失去连接，则从R2到路由器R1的路由将通过R3到达。

在故障切换时
当R2失去与R1的连接时，尝试在R2的Fa0/0上关闭。在路由器R2 
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#int fa0/0
R2(config-if)#shut down
R2(config-if)#
*Mar  1 00:01:01.539: %TDP-5-INFO: VRF A: TDP ID removed
*Mar  1 00:01:01.675: %LDP-5-NBRCHG: LDP Neighbor (vrf A) 57.35.169.1:0 (1) is
  DOWN (LDP Router ID changed)
*Mar  1 00:01:01.679: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(1) 220: Neighbor 192.168.1.2
  (FastEthernet0/0) is down: interface down
R2(config-if)#
*Mar  1 00:01:03.519: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state
  to administratively down
*Mar  1 00:01:04.519: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface 
  FastEthernet0/0, changed state to down
在路由器R3的同一实例中，故障切换链路激活。 
R3#
*Mar  1 00:00:52.527: %LDP-5-NBRCHG: LDP Neighbor (vrf A) 192.168.1.1:0 (1) is 
  DOWN (TCP connection closed by peer)
R3#
*Mar  1 00:00:59.591: %LDP-5-NBRCHG: LDP Neighbor (vrf A) 10.0.0.1:0 (1) is UP

要检验路由器R2是否仍能到达R1，请发出ping vrf命令，以便从路由器R2 ping R1。

ping
在路由器 R2 中 
R2#ping vrf A 192.168.1.2

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/51/96 ms

!--- R2 can still reach R1 through R3.

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