Cisco 12000 系列路由器的口令恢复过程

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已更新: 2006 年 12 月 14 日
文档 ID:12718

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简介

本文档介绍了如何恢复 enable password 和 enable secret 口令。这些口令可对特权执行和配置模式的访问权限进行保护。enable password 可以恢复，但是 enable secret 口令经过了加密，必须使用新口令将其替换。请使用本文档介绍的过程替换 enable secret 口令。

先决条件

要求

本文档没有任何特定的要求。

使用的组件

本文中的信息基于 Cisco 12000 系列路由器。

本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您使用的是真实网络，请确保您已经了解所有命令的潜在影响。

相关产品

有关如何恢复相关产品口令的信息，请参阅口令恢复过程。

规则

有关文档规则的信息，请参阅 Cisco 技术提示规则。

分步过程

请执行以下步骤以恢复口令：

  1. 将终端或带终端仿真功能的 PC 连接到路由器的控制台端口。

    使用以下终端设置：

    • 9600 波特率

    • 无奇偶校验

    • 8 个数据位

    • 1 个停止位

    • 无流控制

    有关如何使用电缆将终端连接到控制台端口或 AUX 端口的信息，请参阅以下文档：

  2. 如果可以访问路由器，请在提示符处键入 show version，并且记录配置寄存器设置。请参阅口令恢复过程示例，查看 show version 命令的输出

    注意：配置寄存器通常设置为0x2102或0x102。如果您无法再访问路由器（由于丢失登录或TACACS密码），您可以放心地假设配置寄存器设置为0x2102。

  3. 使用电源开关关闭路由器，然后重新打开。

    重要说明：

    • 要在 Cisco 6400 上模拟此步骤，请将节点路由处理器 (NRP) 或节点交换机处理器 (NSP) 卡拔出，然后再插入。

    • 要在带有 NI-2 的 Cisco 6x00 上模拟此步骤，请将 NI-2 卡拔出，然后再插入。

  4. 在启动后的 60 秒内按下终端键盘上的 Break 键，使路由器进入 ROMMON 模式。

    如果中断顺序不起作用，请参阅口令恢复过程中的标准break键序列组合，获取其他键组合。

  5. 在 rommon 1> 提示符处键入 confreg 0x2142，以便从闪存启动。

    此步骤将会跳过存储口令的启动配置。

  6. 在 rommon 2> 提示符处键入 reset。

    路由器将会重新启动，但是会忽略保存的配置。

  7. 在每个设置问题后键入 no 或按 Ctrl-C，跳过初始设置过程。

  8. 在 Router>提示符处键入 enable。

    您将进入启用模式，此时应看到 Router# 提示符。

  9. 键入 configure memory 或 copy startup-config running-config，将非易失性 RAM (NVRAM) 复制到内存中。

    重要信息：请勿键入 copy running-config startup-config 或执行写操作。这些命令将会擦除您的启动配置。

  10. 键入 show running-config。

    show running-config 命令将会显示路由器的配置。在此配置中，在所有接口下将会出现 shutdown 命令，显示当前关闭的所有接口。此外，口令（启用口令、启用加密、vty、控制台口令）可能是加密格式，也可能是未加密格式。您可重复使用未加密的口令，您必须将加密的口令更改为新口令。

  11. 键入 configure terminal。

    此时将会显示 hostname(config)# 提示符。

  12. 键入 enable secret <password>，以更改 enable secret 口令。例如：

    hostname(config)#enable secret cisco

  13. 在所用的每个接口上发出 no shutdown 命令。

    如果发出 show ip interface brief 命令，则要使用的每个接口都应显示 up up。

  14. 键入 config-register <configuration_register_setting>。其中configuration_register_setting是您在步骤2中记录的值或0x2102。例如：

    hostname(config)#config-register 0x2102

  15. 按 Ctrl-z 或 end，离开配置模式。

    此时将会显示 hostname# 提示符。

  16. 键入 write memory 或 copy running-config startup-config，以提交更改。

密码恢复程序示例

本部分提供了一个口令恢复过程的示例。此示例是使用 Cisco 2600 系列路由器创建的。即使您使用的不是 Cisco 2600 系列路由器，以下输出也可为您的产品体验提供示例。

Router>enable
Password:
Password:
Password:
% Bad secrets

Router>show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80C524F8

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Router uptime is 3 minutes
System returned to ROM by abort at PC 0x802D0B60
System image file is "flash:c2600-is-mz.120-7.T"

cisco 2611 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x202) with 26624K/6144K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID JAB031202NK (3878188963)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.
2 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 1 (Read/Write)
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 2 (Read/Write)

Configuration register is 0x2102

Router>



!--- The router was just powercycled, and during bootup a !--- break sequence was sent to the router.


!

*** System received an abort due to Break Key ***

signal= 0x3, code= 0x500, context= 0x813ac158
PC = 0x802d0b60, Vector = 0x500, SP = 0x80006030
rommon 1 > confreg 0x2142

You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect

rommon 2 > reset

System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
TAC:Home:SW:IOS:Specials for info
C2600 platform with 32768 Kbytes of main memory


program load complete, entry point: 0x80008000, size: 0x6fdb4c

Self decompressing the image : ###############################
##############################################################
##############################################################
##############################################################
############################### [OK]


 Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.

 cisco Systems, Inc.
 170 West Tasman Drive
 San Jose, California 95134-1706

Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80C524F8

cisco 2611 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x202) with 26624K/6144K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID JAB031202NK (3878188963)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.
2 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 1 (Read/Write)
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 2 (Read/Write)


 --- System Configuration Dialog ---

Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: n

Press RETURN to get started!

00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0/0, changed state to up
00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/1, changed state to up
00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down
00:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0/0, 
changed state to down
00:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0,
 changed state to up
Router>
00:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/1, 
changed state to up
00:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, 
changed state to down
00:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, 
changed state to down
00:00:50: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted --
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
00:00:50: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface BRI0/0, 
changed state to administratively down
00:00:52: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Ethernet0/0, 
changed state to administratively down
00:00:52: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, 
changed state to administratively down
00:00:52: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Ethernet0/1, 
changed state to administratively down
00:00:52: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1, 
changed state to administratively down
00:00:53: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, 
changed state to down
00:00:53: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/1, 
changed state to down
Router>
Router>enable
Router#copy startup-config running-config
Destination filename [running-config]?
1324 bytes copied in 2.35 secs (662 bytes/sec)
Router#
00:01:24: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0/0:1, 
changed state to down
00:01:24: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0/0:2, 
changed state to down
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#enable secret < password >
Router(config)#^Z
00:01:54: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#show ip interface brief

Interface   IP-Address        OK?  Method     Status                   Protocol
Ethernet0/0 10.200.40.37      YES  TFTP       administratively down    down
Serial0/0   unassigned        YES  TFTP       administratively down    down
BRI0/0      193.251.121.157   YES  unset      administratively down    down
BRI0/0:1    unassigned        YES  unset      administratively down    down
BRI0/0:2    unassigned        YES  unset      administratively down    down
Ethernet0/1 unassigned        YES  TFTP       administratively down    down
Serial0/1   unassigned        YES  TFTP       administratively down    down
Loopback0   193.251.121.157   YES  TFTP       up                       up
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface Ethernet0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
00:02:14: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
00:02:15: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, 
changed state to up
Router(config-if)#interface BRI0/0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
00:02:26: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0/0:1, changed state to down
00:02:26: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0/0:2, changed state to down
00:02:26: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0/0, changed state to up
00:02:115964116991: %ISDN-6-LAYER2UP: Layer 2 for Interface BR0/0, 
TEI 68 changed to up
Router(config-if)#^Z
Router#
00:02:35: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#copy running-config startup-config
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80C524F8

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Router uptime is 3 minutes
System returned to ROM by abort at PC 0x802D0B60
System image file is "flash:c2600-is-mz.120-7.T"

cisco 2611 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x202) 
with 26624K/6144K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID JAB031202NK (3878188963)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.
2 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 1 (Read/Write)
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 2 (Read/Write)

Configuration register is 0x2142

Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#config-register 0x2102
Router(config)#^Z
00:03:20: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router#show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80C524F8

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Router uptime is 3 minutes
System returned to ROM by abort at PC 0x802D0B60
System image file is "flash:c2600-is-mz.120-7.T"

cisco 2611 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x202) 
with 26624K/6144K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID JAB031202NK (3878188963)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.

2 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 1 (Read/Write)
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 2 (Read/Write)

Configuration register is 0x2142 (will be 0x2102 at next reload)

Router#

相关信息

修订历史记录

版本 发布日期 备注
1.0
14-Dec-2006
初始版本

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