了解ASR1000-RP2 CPLD和FPGA升级常见问题
简介
本文档介绍如何避免在带有路由处理器(RP)第2版的ASR的ROMMON、CPLD和FPGA升级过程中出现的常见问题。
先决条件
要求
Cisco 建议您了解以下主题：
- 思科IOS® XE
- Cisco 1000系列聚合服务路由器（ASR或ASR1k）
- ROM监控器(ROMMON)
- 复杂可编程逻辑器件
- F现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)
使用的组件
本文档中的信息基于硬件和软件版本：
- ASR1006-X:Cisco IOS XE 16.3.7、ROMMON 16.3(2r)
- ASR1000-RP2:CPLD 14111801、FPGA 15010901
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态，请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。
CPLD与FPGA的区别
FPGA和CPLD是两种数字逻辑芯片。它们是ASR1k嵌入式服务处理器(ESP)、RP和线卡中安装的不同硬件模块。
识别CPLD和FPGA版本
为了显示当前的CPLD和FPGA版本，请使用show hw-programmable all命令：
Router# show hw-programmable all
Hw-programmable versions
Slot CPLD version FPGA version
--------------------------------------------------------
R0 10021901 08112501
F0 08041102 N/A
0 00020008 N/A
CPLD和FPGA的集成封装
要升级CPLD或FPGA版本，请使用Cisco软件下载页面中提供的硬件可编程包。每个封装包含用于每个硬件组件的CPLD和FPGA固件。
请使用 show upgrade hw-programmable file 命令显示信息：
Router# show upgrade hw-programmable file bootflash:asr1000-hw-programmables.16.08.01.SPA.pkg
List of card type, hw-programmable device and version in this package:
No. Card Type hw-programmable device Version
--------------------------------------------------------------
0 ASR1000-SIP10 CPLD 09111601
1 Ethernet-LineCard CPLD 15072100
3 Ethernet-LineCard MBFPGA 00010024
4 ASR1000-ESP200 CPLD 13041200
5 ASR1000-ESP100 CPLD 12071700
20 ASR1000-RP2 CPLD 14111801
21 ASR1000-RP2 FPGA 17071402
22 ASR1000-RP3 CPLD 17042115
常见问题
将版本3.x升级到16.x
Cisco IOS XE版本3.x具有特定功能集的专用版本（高级企业、高级IP服务等），而Cisco IOS XE 16.x版本是通用映像，要激活给定的功能集，您必须为其安装或请求特定许可证。
由于此差异，当完成从3.x到16.x的升级时，系统会启动并提示接受最终用户许可协议(EULA)并选择功能集。然后需要额外重新加载。
************************************************************************** YOU HAVE CHOSEN TO BOOT WITH adventerprise GLOBAL EULA* FOLLOWS NEXT ************************************************************************** *http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/routers/asr1000/configuration/guide/chassis/asrswcfg/csa_rtu.html#pgfId-1059908 PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS CAREFULLY. INSTALLING THE LICENSE OR LICENSE KEY PROVIDED FOR ANY CISCO PRODUCT FEATURE OR USING SUCH PRODUCT FEATURE CONSTITUTES YOUR FULL ACCEPTANCE OF THE FOLLOWING TERMS. YOU MUST NOT PROCEED FURTHER IF YOU ARE NOT WILLING TO BE BOUND BY ALL THE TERMS SET FORTH HEREIN. Use of this product feature requires an additional license from Cisco, together with an additional payment. You may use this product feature on an evaluation basis, without payment to Cisco, for 60 days. Your use of the product, including during the 60 day evaluation period, is subject to the Cisco end user license agreement http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/general/warranty/English/EU1KEN_.html If you use the product feature beyond the 60 day evaluation period, you must submit the appropriate payment to Cisco for the license. After the 60 day evaluation period, your use of the product feature will be governed solely by the Cisco end user license agreement (link above), together with any supplements relating to such product feature. The above applies even if the evaluation license is not automatically terminated and you do not receive any notice of the expiration of the evaluation period. It is your responsibility to determine when the evaluation period is complete and you are required to make payment to Cisco for your use of the product feature beyond the evaluation period. Your acceptance of this agreement for the software features on one product shall be deemed your acceptance with respect to all such software on all Cisco products you purchase which includes the same software. (The foregoing notwithstanding, you must purchase a license for each software feature you use past the 60 days evaluation period, so that if you enable a software feature on 1000 devices, you must purchase 1000 licenses for use past the 60 day evaluation period.) Activation of the software command line interface will be evidence of your acceptance of this agreement. ACCEPT? (yes/[no]):
解决方案
将上一个映像添加为第二个启动映像：
步骤1:
删除以前的启动语句：
Router(config)# no boot system bootflash:asr1000rp2-adventerprise.03.xxx.bin
第二步：
将16.x版本配置为第一个启动映像：
Router(config)# boot system bootflash:asr1000rpx86-universalk9.16.xxx.SPA.bin
第三步：
将之前删除的3.x映像添加为第二个启动映像：
Router(config)# boot system bootflash:asr1000rp2-adventerprise.03.xxx.bin
第四步：
使用16.x映像启动后，必须从配置中删除第二个启动语句：
Router(config)# no boot system bootflash:asr1000rp2-adventerprise.03.xxx.bin
此过程会根据之前的映像启用许可证，并防止需要额外重新加载。
Cisco IOS XE映像的大小超过1GB
如果ROMMON或FPGA版本均不支持1GB大小的映像时尝试升级Cisco IOS XE，则设备陷入启动循环，并触发错误消息“Failed to allocate足够空间用于ISO映像！”：
Boot image size = 1059962220 (0x3f2dbd6c) bytes
Package header rev 1 structure detected
Calculating SHA-1 hash...done
validate_package_cs: SHA-1 hash:
calculated e6c84580:6a3f70e9:45e348ff:50e3fb50:998bc7e3
expected e6c84580:6a3f70e9:45e348ff:50e3fb50:998bc7e3
Validating main package signatures
RSA Signed RELEASE Image Signature Verification Successful.
Failed to Free memory block at address 0x0000000000000000
Failed to allocate enough space for the ISO image !
解决方案
升级ROMMON和FPGA版本。
早于16.9(5r)的ROMMON版本或早于17071402的FPGA版本无法引导超过1GB大小的Cisco IOS XE映像。
当前Cisco IOS XE版本为16.x时的详细步骤
步骤1:
升级到ROMMON至16.9(5r)或更高版本。
Router# upgrade rom-monitor filename bootflash:asr1000-rommon.169_5r_SPA.pkg all
第二步：
将FPGA升级到17071402或更高版本。
Router# upgrade hw-programmable fpga filename harddisk: asr1000rpx86-hw-programmables.16.08.01.SPA.pkg r0
第三步：
在ROMMON和FPGA升级完成后，您可以继续升级到Cisco IOS XE 16.10或更高版本。
注意：要升级CPLD版本19022811以使19060309Cisco IOS XE版本17.2.1和16.12(9r)ROMMON映像。
当前Cisco IOS XE版本为3.x时的详细步骤
尝试使用Cisco IOS XE版本3.x升级FPGA/CPLD会导致错误：
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/loop0,
or too many mounted file systems
(could this be the IDE device where you in fact use
ide-scsi so that sr0 or sda or so is needed?)
Attempt to unmount something that is not a package
Removal of hw-programmable package mount point failed
因此，需要将Cisco IOS XE升级到中间版本。
步骤1:
升级到ROMMON至16.9(5r)或更高版本。
Router# upgrade rom-monitor filename bootflash:asr1000-rommon.169_5r_SPA.pkg all
第二步：
将Cisco IOS XE版本从当前3.x升级到中间16.x（早于16.10.1）。有关详细步骤，请转至从3.x版升级到16.x部分。
合理的中间版本是16.9.x的最新重建版本。
第三步：
将FPGA升级到17071402或更高版本。
Router# upgrade hw-programmable fpga filename harddisk: asr1000rpx86-hw-programmables.16.08.01.SPA.pkg r0
第四步：
完成ROMMON和FPGA升级后，您可以继续升级到Cisco IOS XE 16.10或更高版本。
模块上的ROMMON升级失败
升级模块ROMMON版本时，会触发以下任何错误消息：
- "rsync error: some files/attrs was not transferred"
- “不支持的软件包。升级无法继续”
Router# upgrade rom-monitor filename bootflash:asr1000-rommon.1612-8r.pkg 0
Platform is ASR. Verifying the code signature of the ROMMON package...
Upgrade rom-monitor on SPA-Inter-Processor 0
Target copying rom-monitor image file
rsync: change_dir "/rommon/mcp/CC/40G" (in rommon_upgrade_pub) failed: No such file or directory (2)
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at /nobackup/nosbuild/cge7_jenkins/workspace/SDK_Build/build-single-sdk_2/tmp.k0pfD5HpjZ/tmp/work/powerpc-nf-iosxe-linux/rsync/3.0.9-r0/rsync-3.0.9/main.c(1518) [Receiver=3.0.9]
umount: /tmp/rommon_upgrade_pub: target is busy.
Upgrade rom-monitor on SPA-Inter-Processor 0
Target copying rom-monitor image file
Unsupported package. Upgrade cannot proceed
解决方案
并非所有ROMMON版本都与每个模块兼容，请参阅ROMMON兼容性表以选择正确的版本。
相关信息
修订历史记录
| 版本 | 发布日期 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
3.0 |
30-Jun-2023 |
重新认证。 |
2.0 |
09-Jun-2023 |
更正CCW警报。重新认证。 |
1.0 |
12-Jan-2021 |
初始版本 |
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