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本文档介绍如何对重叠管理协议(OMP)路由进行故障排除并解释vSmart路由选择操作顺序。
思科建议您了解思科软件定义广域网(SDWAN)解决方案。
本文档不限于硬件平台。 本文描述的是使用20.6.3上的vSmart和17.6.3上的cEdge路由器的实验室中出现的问题,但在其他软件版本上也出现了该问题。
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始(默认)配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态,请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。
本文档中描述的场景显示两个站点向vSmart通告默认路由。vSmart会选择最佳路径,并将其通告给边缘设备。在这种情况下,选择AMER_DC是因为控制策略会阻止远程边缘(云边缘)的EMEAR_DC默认路由。vSmart仅在具有AMER_DC边缘的商业互联网上拥有控制连接。 当AMER_DC商务Internet发生中断时,所有控制连接都将丢失,vSmart会将从AMER_DC获知的所有路由置于“过时”状态。 这会导致vSmart不将这些视为最佳路径。
此时,vSmart通常会选择EMEA_DC作为最佳路径并通告它。 但是,控制策略会阻止来自EMEA_DC的默认路由,并且这会应用到云边缘。 如果没有send-backup-paths的OMP配置,vSmart不会发送陈旧路由,这些路由是控制策略不拒绝的唯一默认路由。 还需要在vSmart OMP配置中增加send-path-limit,以便发送超过非陈旧路由的数量。
为了更好地理解问题,下面是一个描述设置的简单拓扑图:
配置摘要:
主机名 | 站点ID | system-ip |
EMEA_DC1 | 2016 | 10.4.4.1 |
EMEA_DC2 | 2016 | 10.4.4.6 |
AMER_DC1 | 2034 | 10.5.5.3 |
AMER_DC2 | 2034 | 10.5.5.4 |
云 | 202 | 10.10.20.2 |
vSmart | 10 | 10.3.3.1 |
vSmart使用默认OMP配置进行配置。
vsmart1# show running-config omp omp no shutdown graceful-restart ! vsmart1# show running-config omp | details omp no shutdown send-path-limit 4 no send-backup-paths no discard-rejected graceful-restart timers holdtime 60 advertisement-interval 1 graceful-restart-timer 43200 eor-timer 300 exit
!
提示:要查看完整配置(默认和非默认),请包括 | show running-config命令末尾的详细信息信息。
vSmart配置了集中控制策略。 该控制策略应用于云站点,并为来自EMEA_DC站点的默认路由配置操作拒绝。
以下是策略配置:
policy control-policy Rej_Remote_Default sequence 1 match route site-list EMEA_DC prefix-list default_route ! action reject ! ! default-action accept ! lists prefix-list default_route ip-prefix 0.0.0.0/0 ! site-list Cloud site-id 202 ! site-list EMEA_DC site-id 2016 ! ! ! apply-policy site-list Cloud control-policy Rej_Remote_Default out ! !
在正常操作条件下,云站点会收到来自AMER_DC站点的默认路由。 这可以通过命令show sdwan omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0进行验证。如果您的服务vpn不是vpn 1,请将编号1替换为服务vpn编号。
Cloud#show sdwan omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
PATH PSEUDO
FROM PEER ID LABEL STATUS KEY TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP PREFERENCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.3.3.1 81 1003 C,I,R 1 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec -
10.3.3.1 97 1003 C,I,R 1 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec -
10.3.3.1 98 1003 C,I,R 1 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec -
10.3.3.1 99 1003 C,I,R 1 10.5.5.4 biz-internet ipsec -
vSmart在所有4个DC路由器的3个TLOC上接收默认路由。vSmart共有12个路由。
vsmart1# show omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0 received | tab
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
PATH ATTRIBUTE
FROM PEER ID LABEL STATUS TYPE TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP PREFERENCE
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.4.4.1 68 1002 C,R installed 10.4.4.1 biz-internet ipsec -
10.4.4.1 81 1002 C,R installed 10.4.4.1 private1 ipsec -
10.4.4.1 82 1002 C,R installed 10.4.4.1 private2 ipsec -
10.4.4.6 68 1003 C,R installed 10.4.4.6 biz-internet ipsec -
10.4.4.6 81 1003 C,R installed 10.4.4.6 private1 ipsec -
10.4.4.6 82 1003 C,R installed 10.4.4.6 private2 ipsec -
10.5.5.3 68 1003 C,R installed 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec -
10.5.5.3 81 1003 C,R installed 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec -
10.5.5.3 82 1003 C,R installed 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec -
10.5.5.4 68 1003 C,R installed 10.5.5.4 biz-internet ipsec -
10.5.5.4 81 1003 C,R installed 10.5.5.4 private1 ipsec -
10.5.5.4 82 1003 C,R installed 10.5.5.4 private2 ipsec -
如果biz-internet电路在AMER_DC站点上发生中断,云边缘设备将不再接收默认路由。 您预计它会丢失biz-internet路由,但会保留private1和private2路由。 您可以使用show sdwan omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0 和show sdwan omp routes vpn 1命令验证这一点。
注:如果设备未接收前缀,则show sdwan omp routes命令会显示CLI命令错误,如下所示。
Cloud#show sdwan omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
show omp best-match-route family ipv4 entries vpn 1 0.0.0.0 | tab
show omp best-match-route family ipv4 entries vpn
syntax error: unknown argument
Error executing command: CLI command error -
Cloud#show sdwan omp routes
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
PATH ATTRIBUTE
VPN PREFIX FROM PEER ID LABEL STATUS TYPE TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP PREFERENCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 10.5.100.0/24 10.3.3.1 72 1003 Inv,U installed 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec -
10.3.3.1 73 1003 C,I,R installed 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec -
10.3.3.1 74 1003 C,I,R installed 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec -
vSmart通过AMER_DC边缘设备进入平稳重启状态,您可以通过show omp peers命令查看该状态。
vsmart1# show omp peers
R -> routes received
I -> routes installed
S -> routes sent
DOMAIN OVERLAY SITE
PEER TYPE ID ID ID STATE UPTIME R/I/S
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
172.16.4.1 vedge 1 1 101 up 0:13:13:02 9/0/22
172.16.5.1 vedge 1 1 104 up 0:13:13:03 3/0/28
10.4.4.1 vedge 1 1 2016 up 0:01:45:10 6/0/27
10.4.4.6 vedge 1 1 2016 up 0:02:13:27 6/0/27
10.5.5.3 vedge 1 1 2034 down-in-gr 6/0/0 10.5.5.4 vedge 1 1 2034 down-in-gr 6/0/0
10.10.20.2 vedge 1 1 202 up 0:12:40:09 3/0/24
vSmart继续接收所有12条路由,每台DC设备3条。这可以通过收到的show omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0进行验证 | 选项卡。 来自AMER_DC站点的路由显示为陈旧状态。
提示:为了以用户友好的表格格式查看输出,请包括 | 选项卡。 如果没有它,命令的输出将采用不同的格式。
vsmart1# show omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0 received | tab
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
PATH ATTRIBUTE
FROM PEER ID LABEL STATUS TYPE TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP PREFERENCE
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.4.4.1 68 1002 C,R installed 10.4.4.1 biz-internet ipsec -
10.4.4.1 81 1002 C,R installed 10.4.4.1 private1 ipsec -
10.4.4.1 82 1002 C,R installed 10.4.4.1 private2 ipsec -
10.4.4.6 68 1003 C,R installed 10.4.4.6 biz-internet ipsec -
10.4.4.6 81 1003 C,R installed 10.4.4.6 private1 ipsec -
10.4.4.6 82 1003 C,R installed 10.4.4.6 private2 ipsec -
10.5.5.3 68 1003 R,S installed 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec -
10.5.5.3 81 1003 R,S installed 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec -
10.5.5.3 82 1003 R,S installed 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec -
10.5.5.4 68 1003 R,S installed 10.5.5.4 biz-internet ipsec -
10.5.5.4 81 1003 R,S installed 10.5.5.4 private1 ipsec -
10.5.5.4 82 1003 R,S installed 10.5.5.4 private2 ipsec -
为了验证vSmart发送到边缘设备的路由,您可以运行命令 show omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0 advertised detail | tab.
从输出中需要注意的一些事项:
vsmart1# show omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0 advertised detail | tab
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
ULTIMATE
PATH UNKNOWN TLOC
TO PEER ADVERTISE ID ID LABEL TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP PROTOCOL METRIC DOMAIN ID SITE ID PREFERENCE TAG ATTRIBUTE LEN ORIGINATOR TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP ACTION OVERLAY ID AS PATH COMMUNITY
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
172.16.4.1 67 50 1003 10.4.4.6 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
78 56 1002 10.4.4.1 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
79 57 1002 10.4.4.1 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
81 61 1002 10.4.4.1 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
172.16.5.1 67 56 1003 10.4.4.6 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
78 62 1002 10.4.4.1 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
79 63 1002 10.4.4.1 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
81 67 1002 10.4.4.1 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
10.4.4.1 67 53 1003 10.4.4.6 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
68 54 1003 10.4.4.6 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
69 55 1003 10.4.4.6 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
10.4.4.6 78 97 1002 10.4.4.1 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
79 98 1002 10.4.4.1 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
81 102 1002 10.4.4.1 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
这是给定此环境中当前配置的预期行为。 发生这种情况的原因是vSmart上OMP路由选择的操作顺序。
要更正此问题,需要修改vSmart OMP配置以发送超过4个路由和超过最佳路由。
vsmart1# show running-config omp
omp
no shutdown
send-path-limit 16
send-backup-paths
graceful-restart
!
为了验证vSmart OMP配置更改是否产生了预期的效果,您可以运行该命令 show omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0 advertised detail | tab.
从输出中需要注意的一些事项:
vsmart1# show omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0 advertised detail | tab
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
ULTIMATE
PATH UNKNOWN TLOC
TO PEER ADVERTISE ID ID LABEL TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP PROTOCOL METRIC DOMAIN ID SITE ID PREFERENCE TAG ATTRIBUTE LEN ORIGINATOR TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP ACTION OVERLAY ID AS PATH COMMUNITY
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
172.16.4.1 22 64 1003 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
23 65 1003 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
24 66 1003 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
28 67 1003 10.5.5.4 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
29 68 1003 10.5.5.4 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
30 69 1003 10.5.5.4 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
67 50 1003 10.4.4.6 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
68 62 1003 10.4.4.6 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
69 63 1003 10.4.4.6 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
78 56 1002 10.4.4.1 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
79 57 1002 10.4.4.1 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
81 61 1002 10.4.4.1 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
172.16.5.1 22 70 1003 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
23 71 1003 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
24 72 1003 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
28 73 1003 10.5.5.4 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
29 74 1003 10.5.5.4 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
30 75 1003 10.5.5.4 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
67 56 1003 10.4.4.6 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
68 68 1003 10.4.4.6 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
69 69 1003 10.4.4.6 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
78 62 1002 10.4.4.1 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
79 63 1002 10.4.4.1 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
81 67 1002 10.4.4.1 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
10.4.4.1 22 57 1003 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
23 58 1003 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
24 59 1003 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
28 60 1003 10.5.5.4 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
29 61 1003 10.5.5.4 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
30 62 1003 10.5.5.4 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
67 53 1003 10.4.4.6 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
68 54 1003 10.4.4.6 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
69 55 1003 10.4.4.6 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.6 - - - - 1 - -
10.4.4.6 22 103 1003 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
23 104 1003 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
24 105 1003 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - -
28 106 1003 10.5.5.4 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
29 107 1003 10.5.5.4 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
30 108 1003 10.5.5.4 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
78 97 1002 10.4.4.1 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
79 98 1002 10.4.4.1 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
81 102 1002 10.4.4.1 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2016 - - - 10.4.4.1 - - - - 1 - -
10.10.20.2 22 112 1003 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - - 23 113 1003 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - - 24 114 1003 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.3 - - - - 1 - - 28 115 1003 10.5.5.4 biz-internet ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - - 29 116 1003 10.5.5.4 private1 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - - 30 117 1003 10.5.5.4 private2 ipsec static 0 - 2034 - - - 10.5.5.4 - - - - 1 - -
云边缘路由器从AMER_DC站点接收默认路由。 这可以通过show sdwan omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0命令进行验证。biz-internet路由处于Inv, U状态,因为电路在AMER_DC站点上发生故障。
Cloud#show sdwan omp routes vpn 1 0.0.0.0/0
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
PATH PSEUDO
FROM PEER ID LABEL STATUS KEY TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP PREFERENCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.3.3.1 112 1003 Inv,U 1 10.5.5.3 biz-internet ipsec -
10.3.3.1 113 1003 C,I,R 1 10.5.5.3 private1 ipsec -
10.3.3.1 114 1003 C,I,R 1 10.5.5.3 private2 ipsec -
10.3.3.1 115 1003 Inv,U 1 10.5.5.4 biz-internet ipsec -
10.3.3.1 116 1003 C,I,R 1 10.5.5.4 private1 ipsec -
10.3.3.1 117 1003 C,I,R 1 10.5.5.4 private2 ipsec -
路由表中只安装了private1和private2,因为它们处于C、I、R状态。 根据show ip route vrf 1 0.0.0.0命令的输出将路由安装到表中。
注:在show sdwan omp命令中,vpn关键字用于查看服务端路由器。 在show ip route命令中,vrf关键字用于查看服务端路由器。
Cloud# show ip route vrf 1 0.0.0.0
Routing Table: 1
Routing entry for 0.0.0.0/0, supernet
Known via "omp", distance 251, metric 0, candidate default path, type omp
Last update from 10.5.5.4 on Sdwan-system-intf, 00:17:07 ago
Routing Descriptor Blocks:
10.5.5.4 (default), from 10.5.5.4, 00:17:07 ago, via Sdwan-system-intf
Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
* 10.5.5.3 (default), from 10.5.5.3, 00:17:07 ago, via Sdwan-system-intf
Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1
版本 | 发布日期 | 备注 |
---|---|---|
2.0 |
30-Aug-2022 |
首次公开发布 |
1.0 |
24-Aug-2022 |
初始版本 |