排除SD-WAN动态按需隧道故障

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已更新: 2023 年 10 月 5 日

文档 ID:221045

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简介

本文档介绍在配置或检查与SD-WAN动态按需隧道相关的问题时可以使用的故障排除命令。

前提条件

使用的组件

本文档基于以下配置参考、软件和硬件版本：

vManage版本20.9.3
边缘路由器ISR4K版本17.9.3
所有设备都配置为根据官方文档建立动态按需隧道

本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态，请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。

注意：请参阅本文档了解动态按需隧道配置。

背景信息

Cisco SD-WAN支持任意两个Cisco SD-WAN分支设备之间的动态按需隧道。仅当两台设备之间存在流量时，才会触发这些隧道进行设置，从而优化带宽使用率和设备性能。

工作场景

使用的拓扑

在正常操作情况下，按需隧道触发条件如下：

在show sdwan bfd sessions中，无法建立辐射点之间的BFD会话，或者该会话即使显示为关闭
在终端之间发送相关流量时，可以触发BFD会话
必须设置和确认基本动态按需隧道配置

触发按需隧道激活

最初，分支之间的BFD会话未启动，只有从分支到中心点的会话处于启动状态，并且按需系统状态在分支和OMP表中都显示为非活动状态，从中心点的备份路由设置为C、I、R，而从分支2的路由设置为I、U、IA

Spoke 1#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                            SOURCE TLOC REMOTE TLOC             DST PUBLIC    DST PUBLIC         DETECT TX
SYSTEM IP     SITE ID STATE COLOR       COLOR       SOURCE IP   IP            PORT         ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100  100     up    blue        blue        10.10.10.1  10.100.100.1  12366        ipsec     7       1000          2:13:14:35 6

Spoke 1#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP   ON-DEMAND STATUS   IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2       10.10.10.2  yes       inactive  - 

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp routes vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32 
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

                                                                                                               AFFINITY 
                                         PATH                 ATTRIBUTE                                        GROUP 
TENANT    VPN       PREFIX      FROM PEER  ID LABEL STATUS    TYPE     TLOC IP      COLOR     ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0         10       10.2.2.2/32 192.168.0.1 61 1005   C,I,R   installed 10.10.10.100 blue      ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.1 62 1003   I,U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   default   ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.1 64 1005   C,R     installed 10.10.10.100 blue      ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.1 65 1003   I,U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   private1  ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.1 67 1005   Inv,U   installed 10.10.10.100 blue      ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.1 68 1003   I,U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   private2  ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.2 71 1005   C,R     installed 10.10.10.100 blue      ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.2 72 1003   U,IA    installed 10.10.10.2   default   ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.2 74 1005   C,R     installed 10.10.10.100 blue      ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.2 75 1003   U,IA    installed 10.10.10.2   private1  ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.2 77 1005   Inv,U   installed 10.10.10.100 blue      ipsec  -     None    None - 
                               192.168.0.2 78 1003   U,IA    installed 10.10.10.2   private2  ipsec  -     None    None -
 
Spoke 2#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                            SOURCE TLOC REMOTE TLOC              DST PUBLIC    DST PUBLIC          DETECT TX
SYSTEM IP     SITE ID STATE COLOR       COLOR        SOURCE IP   IP            PORT         ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100   100    up     blue        blue        10.10.10.2 10.100.100.1    12366       ipsec     7        1000        0:11:10:01 1

Spoke 2#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP  ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1       10.10.10.1 yes       inactive -

要触发按需隧道激活，需要关注流量。在本示例中，使用ICMP流量，在发送流量后，按需远程系统的状态从两端的inactive状态更改为active状态，并且OMP表中的目标前缀从C、I、R状态从Hub更改为C、I、R状态（从Spoke 2）

Spoke 1#ping vrf 10 10.2.2.2 re 20
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 20, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (20/20), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/31 ms

Spoke 1#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP   ON-DEMAND   STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2       10.10.10.2  yes         active 56

Spoke 1#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                            SOURCE TLOC REMOTE TLOC            DST PUBLIC   DST PUBLIC       DETECT TX
SYSTEM IP     SITE ID STATE COLOR       COLOR     SOURCE IP    IP           PORT       ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100   100     up blue          blue      10.10.10.1   10.100.100.1 12366      ipsec    7        1000 0:11:14:51 1
10.10.10.2     2       up default       default   10.10.10.1   10.12.12.2   12366      ipsec    7        1000 0:00:00:53 1----> BFD session established due of interest traffic and on-demand configuration
10.10.10.2     2       up blue          blue      10.10.10.1   10.12.12.2   12366      ipsec    7        1000 0:00:00:52 1

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp routes vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32 
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

                                                                                                                 AFFINITY 
                                   PATH                    ATTRIBUTE                                             GROUP 
TENANT   VPN PREFIX      FROM PEER  ID LABEL STATUS         TYPE      TLOC IP     COLOR         ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0        10 10.2.2.2/32 192.168.0.1 61 1005     R          installed 10.10.10.100  blue         ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.1 62 1003     C,I,R      installed 10.10.10.2    default      ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.1 64 1005     R          installed 10.10.10.100  blue         ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.1 65 1003     C,I,R      installed 10.10.10.2    private1     ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.1 67 1005     Inv,U      installed 10.10.10.100  blue         ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.1 68 1003     C,I,R      installed 10.10.10.2    private2     ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.2 71 1005     R          installed 10.10.10.100  blue         ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.2 72 1003     C,R        installed 10.10.10.2    default      ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.2 74 1005     R          installed 10.10.10.100  blue         ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.2 75 1003     C,R        installed 10.10.10.2    private1     ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.2 77 1005     Inv,U      installed 10.10.10.100  blue         ipsec   -     None      None - 
                        192.168.0.2 78 1003     C,R        installed 10.10.10.2    private2     ipsec   -     None      None -

Spoke 2#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP ON-DEMAND    STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1      10.10.10.1 yes         active 53 

Spoke 2#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                           SOURCE TLOC  REMOTE TLOC              DST PUBLIC    DST PUBLIC       DETECT TX
SYSTEM IP    SITE ID STATE COLOR        COLOR     SOURCE IP      IP            PORT     ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100  100     up   blue          blue    10.10.10.2      10.100.100.1  12366    ipsec    7          1000 0:11:14:56 1
10.10.10.1    2       up   default       default 10.10.10.2      10.11.11.1    12366    ipsec    7          1000 0:00:00:53 1----> BFD session established due of interest traffic and on-demand configuration
10.10.10.1    2       up   blue          blue    10.10.10.2      10.11.11.1    12366    ipsec    7          1000 0:00:00:52

在兴趣流量停止且空闲超时过期后，分支之间的BFD会话消失，按需状态返回非活动状态，路由从OMP表中的中心返回到C、I、R备份路由状态

Spoke 1#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                             SOURCE TLOC REMOTE TLOC               DST PUBLIC     DST PUBLIC     DETECT TX
SYSTEM IP     SITE ID STATE   COLOR        COLOR    SOURCE IP      IP              PORT    ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100  100      up     blue         blue     10.10.10.1      10.100.100.1   12366   ipsec   7           1000 0:11:19:11 1

Spoke 1#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2      10.10.10.2  yes      inactive - 

Spoke 2#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                              SOURCE TLOC REMOTE TLOC              DST PUBLIC       DST PUBLIC    DETECT TX
SYSTEM IP     SITE ID   STATE COLOR         COLOR   SOURCE IP       IP               PORT   ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100  100       up    blue          blue    10.10.10.2      10.100.100.1    12366   ipsec  7            1000 0:11:19:11 1

Spoke 2#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 10.10.10.1 yes inactive -

常见问题场景

使用的拓扑

场景1：备用路径通过分支视为无效和未解析的集线器

症状

无法访问Spoke 2中的目标前缀，可以看到来自集线器的备份路径，但将其视为无效/已卸载

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp routes vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

                                                                                                         AFFINITY 
                                    PATH                  ATTRIBUTE                                      GROUP 
TENANT VPN PREFIX      FROM PEER    ID      LABEL  STATUS TYPE       TLOC IP    COLOR   ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0     10   10.2.2.2/32 192.168.0.1  61  1005       Inv,U installed 10.10.10.100 blue    ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.1  62  1003       U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   default ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.1  64  1005       Inv,U installed 10.10.10.100 blue    ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.1  65  1003       U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   private1ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.1  67  1005       Inv,U installed 10.10.10.100 blue    ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.1  68  1003       U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   private2ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.2  71  1005       Inv,U installed 10.10.10.100 blue    ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.2  72  1003       U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   default ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.2  74  1005       Inv,U installed 10.10.10.100 blue    ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.2  75  1003       U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   private1ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.2  77  1005       Inv,U installed 10.10.10.100 blue    ipsec   -          None     None - 
                       192.168.0.2  78  1003       U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   private2ipsec   -          None     None -

故障排除

检查是否建立了指向分支的集线器BFD会话

Hub#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                          SOURCE TLOC    REMOTE TLOC                    DST PUBLIC DST PUBLIC       DETECT     TX
SYSTEM IP  SITE ID  STATE COLOR          COLOR.          SOURCE IP      IP         PORT       ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.2  2       up   blue           blue             10.10.10.100   10.12.12.2 12366      ipsec 7          1000         1:23:58:15  2
10.10.10.1  1       up   default        default          10.10.10.100   10.11.11.1 12366      ipsec 7          1000         1:23:59:12  6

检查按需隧道策略，确认所有站点根据其角色（中心或分支）包含在正确的站点列表中

使用命令show sdwan system on-demand确认分支中按需功能是否已启用和处于活动状态

Spoke 1#show sdwan system on-demand 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP  ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-CFG(min)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1       10.10.10.1 yes       active 10

Spoke 2#show sdwan system on-demand 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP  ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-CFG(min)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2       10.10.10.2 yes       active 10

确认中心站点中是否启用了流量工程服务（服务TE）。有用的命令可以是show sdwan run | inc TE

hub#show sdwan run | inc TE
!

解决方案

在这种情况下，中心站点中未启用服务TE。要修复，请在集线器端配置它：

hub#config-trans
hub(config)# sdwan
hub(config-vrf-global)# service TE vrf global
hub(config-vrf-global)# commit

检查分支1中的OMP表是否已更改，现在将此路由作为来自中心10.10.10.100的条目的C、I、R（生成兴趣流量之前），并将来自分支2 10.10.10.2的条目获取C、I、R（生成兴趣流量时）。此外，使用命令show sdwan system on-demand remote-system <remote system ip>检查分支1和分支2以及按需隧道是否已启用BFD会话（如果适用）：

Before interest traffic

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp routes vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32 
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

AFFINITY 
                                   PATH               ATTRIBUTE GROUP 
TENANT   VPN PREFIX      FROM PEER ID LABEL STATUS    TYPE     TLOC IP        COLOR      ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0        10 10.2.2.2/32 192.168.0.1 61 1005 C,I,R    installed 10.10.10.100   blue       ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.1 62 1003 I,U,IA   installed 10.10.10.2     default    ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.1 64 1005 C,R      installed 10.10.10.100   blue       ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.1 65 1003 I,U,IA   installed 10.10.10.2     private1   ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.1 67 1005 Inv,U    installed 10.10.10.100   blue       ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.1 68 1003 I,U,IA   installed 10.10.10.2     private2   ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.2 71 1005 C,R      installed 10.10.10.100   blue       ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.2 72 1003 U,IA     installed 10.10.10.2     default    ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.2 74 1005 C,R      installed 10.10.10.100   blue       ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.2 75 1003 U,IA     installed 10.10.10.2     private1   ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.2 77 1005 Inv,U    installed 10.10.10.100   blue       ipsec   -          None None - 
                        192.168.0.2 78 1003 U,IA     installed 10.10.10.2     private2   ipsec   -          None None -

While interest traffic

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp routes vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32 
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

                                                                                            AFFINITY 
                                  PATH             ATTRIBUTE                                GROUP 
TENANT VPN PREFIX      FROM PEER  ID LABEL STATUS  TYPE      TLOC IP COLOR ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0      10 10.2.2.2/32 192.168.0.1 61 1005 R        installed 10.10.10.100   blue          ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.1 62 1003 C,I,R    installed 10.10.10.2     default       ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.1 64 1005 R        installed 10.10.10.100   blue          ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.1 65 1003 C,I,R    installed 10.10.10.2     private1      ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.1 67 1005 Inv,U    installed 10.10.10.100   blue          ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.1 68 1003 C,I,R    installed 10.10.10.2     private2      ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.2 71 1005 R        installed 10.10.10.100   blue          ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.2 72 1003 C,R      installed 10.10.10.2     default       ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.2 74 1005 R        installed 10.10.10.100   blue          ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.2 75 1003 C,R      installed 10.10.10.2     private1      ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.2 77 1005 Inv,U    installed 10.10.10.100   blue          ipsec - None None - 
                      192.168.0.2 78 1003 C,R      installed 10.10.10.2     private2      ipsec - None None -

Spoke 1#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                                      SOURCE TLOC REMOTE TLOC            DST PUBLIC      DST PUBLIC      DETECT TX
SYSTEM IP         SITE ID    STATE     COLOR       COLOR   SOURCE IP      IP              PORT    ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100       100         up      blue        blue    10.10.10.1     10.100.100.1    12366   ipsec    7        1000     1:23:58:15 2
10.10.10.2         2           up      default     default 10.10.10.1     10.12.12.2      12366   ipsec    7        1000     0:00:01:50 2----> BFD session established due of on-demand tunnel configuration.
10.10.10.2         2           up      blue        blue    10.10.10.1     10.12.12.2      12366   ipsec    7        1000     0:00:01:52 2

Spoke 1#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system system-ip 10.10.10.2
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2       10.10.10.2 yes      active  41 ------>on-demand tunnel established to spoke 2 10.10.10.2 due of interest traffic

场景2：分支之间的BFD会话保持开启

症状

在这种情况下，使用命令show sdwan system on-demand remote-system在按需远程终端中列出远程Spoke 2终端，其状态为no on-demand，即使没有发送感兴趣的流量且直接从Spoke 2获取目标前缀，Spoke 1和Spoke 2之间的BFD会话仍保持活动状态

Spoke 1#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2       10.10.10.2 no        -     - 

Spoke 1#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                           SOURCE TLOC REMOTE TLOC           DST PUBLIC   DST PUBLIC       DETECT TX
SYSTEM IP    SITE ID STATE COLOR       COLOR      SOURCE IP  IP           PORT       ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100 100      up   blue        blue       10.10.10.1 10.100.100.1 12366      ipsec 7           1000 1:23:58:15 3
10.10.10.2   2        up   default     default    10.10.10.1 10.12.12.2   12366      ipsec 7           1000 0:00:18:53 4
10.10.10.2   2        up   blue        blue       10.10.10.1 10.12.12.2   12366      ipsec 7           1000 0:00:18:52 3

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp route vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

                                                                                                          AFFINITY 
                                     PATH              ATTRIBUTE                                          GROUP 
TENANT VPN PREFIX          FROM PEER ID LABEL STATUS   TYPE      TLOC IP      COLOR      ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0      10 10.2.2.2/32     192.168.0.1 73 1005 R        installed 10.10.10.100  blue      ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.1 74 1003 C,I,R    installed 10.10.10.2    default   ipsec  -          None       None      -  
                          192.168.0.1 76 1005 R        installed 10.10.10.100  blue      ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.1 77 1003 C,I,R    installed 10.10.10.2    private1  ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.1 79 1005 Inv,U    installed 10.10.10.100  blue      ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.1 80 1003 C,I,R    installed 10.10.10.2    private2  ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.2 89 1005 R        installed 10.10.10.100  blue      ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.2 90 1003 C,R      installed 10.10.10.2    default   ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.2 92 1005 R        installed 10.10.10.100  blue      ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.2 93 1003 C,R      installed 10.10.10.2    private1  ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.2 95 1005 Inv,U    installed 10.10.10.100  blue      ipsec  -          None       None      - 
                          192.168.0.2 96 1003 C,R      installed 10.10.10.2    private2  ipsec  -          None       None      -

故障排除

检查按需隧道策略，确认所有站点根据其角色（中心或分支）包含在正确的站点列表中

viptela-policy:policy
 control-policy ondemand
    sequence 1
     match route
      site-list Spokes
      prefix-list _AnyIpv4PrefixList
     !
     action accept
      set
       tloc-action backup
       tloc-list hub
      !
     !
    !
  default-action accept
 !
 lists
  site-list Spokes
   site-id 1-2 
  !
  tloc-list hub
   tloc 10.10.10.100 color blue encap ipsec 
   tloc 10.10.10.100 color default encap ipsec 
   tloc 10.10.10.100 color private1 encap ipsec 
   tloc 10.10.10.100 color private2 encap ipsec 
  !
  prefix-list _AnyIpv4PrefixList
   ip-prefix 0.0.0.0/0 le 32 
  !
 !
!
apply-policy
 site-list Spokes
  control-policy ondemand out
 !
!

使用show sdwan run命令检查按需是否启用 | inc在辐条中按需提供，而中心站点中已使用show sdwan run命令启用TE | inc TE

Spoke 1#show sdwan run | inc on-demand
on-demand enable
on-demand idle-timeout 10

Spoke 2#show sdwan run | inc on-demand
Spoke 2#

Hub#show sdwan run | inc TE
service TE vrf global

解决方案

在这种情况下，在Spoke 2中未启用按需。若要修复，请在Spoke 2端配置它

Spoke 2#config-trans
Spoke 2(config)# system
Spoke 2(config-vrf-global)# on-demand enable
Spoke 2(config-vrf-global)# on-demand idle-timeout 10
Spoke 2(config-vrf-global)# commit

检查分支1中现在分支2是否被视为按需是，且OMP表已更改，并且现在对于来自中心10.10.10.100的条目（生成兴趣流量之前）而不是直接来自分支2的条目，此路由为C、I、R

Spoke 1#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system 
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2       10.10.10.2 yes inactive - 

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp routes vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

AFFINITY 
        PATH ATTRIBUTE GROUP 
TENANT VPN PREFIX       FROM PEER   ID LABEL STATUS TYPE     TLOC IP      COLOR       ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0      10  10.2.2.2/32  192.168.0.1 61 1005 C,I,R  installed 10.10.10.100  blue       ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.1 62 1003 I,U,IA installed 10.10.10.2    default    ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.1 64 1005 C,R    installed 10.10.10.100  blue       ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.1 65 1003 I,U,IA installed 10.10.10.2    private1   ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.1 67 1005 Inv,U  installed 10.10.10.100  blue       ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.1 68 1003 I,U,IA installed 10.10.10.2    private2   ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.2 71 1005 C,R    installed 10.10.10.100  blue       ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.2 72 1003 U,IA   installed 10.10.10.2    default    ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.2 74 1005 C,R    installed 10.10.10.100  blue       ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.2 75 1003 U,IA   installed 10.10.10.2    private1   ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.2 77 1005 Inv,U  installed 10.10.10.100  blue       ipsec      -        None    None - 
                        192.168.0.2 78 1003 U,IA   installed 10.10.10.2    private2   ipsec      -        None    None -

当生成兴趣流量时，来自分支2 10.10.10.2的条目的流量将获得C、I、R。此外，使用命令show sdwan system on-demand remote-system <remote system ip>检查按需隧道是否已启用，并检查Spoke 1和Spoke 2之间的BFD会话是否已启用

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp routes vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32 
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

                                                                                                                AFFINITY 
                                               PATH               ATTRIBUTE                                     GROUP 
TENANT  VPN        PREFIX          FROM PEER   ID LABEL STATUS    TYPE     TLOC IP      COLOR ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0       10         10.2.2.2/32     192.168.0.1 61 1005 R         installed 10.10.10.100  blue     ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.1 62 1003 C,I,R     installed 10.10.10.2    default  ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.1 64 1005 R         installed 10.10.10.100  blue     ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.1 65 1003 C,I,R     installed 10.10.10.2    private1 ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.1 67 1005 Inv,U     installed 10.10.10.100  blue     ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.1 68 1003 C,I,R     installed 10.10.10.2    private2 ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.2 71 1005 R         installed 10.10.10.100  blue     ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.2 72 1003 C,R       installed 10.10.10.2    default  ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.2 74 1005 R         installed 10.10.10.100  blue     ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.2 75 1003 C,R       installed 10.10.10.2    private1 ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.2 77 1005 Inv,U     installed 10.10.10.100  blue     ipsec   - None None - 
                                   192.168.0.2 78 1003 C,R       installed 10.10.10.2    private2 ipsec   - None None -

Spoke 1#show sdwan bfd sessions 
                        SOURCE TLOC REMOTE TLOC             DST PUBLIC  DST PUBLIC          DETECT      TX
SYSTEM IP SITE ID STATE COLOR       COLOR       SOURCE IP   IP          PORT         ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100 100  up blue          blue         10.10.10.1 10.100.100.1 12366       ipsec     7        1000 2:04:34:11 2
10.10.10.2   2    up default       default      10.10.10.1 10.12.12.2   12366       ipsec     7        1000 0:00:02:10 2----> BFD session established due of on-demand tunnel configuration.
10.10.10.2   2    up blue          blue         10.10.10.1 10.12.12.2   12366       ipsec     7        1000 0:00:02:08 2

Spoke 1#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system system-ip 10.10.10.2
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2        10.10.10.2 yes      active   41 ------>on-demand tunnel established to Spoke 2 10.10.10.2 due of interest traffic

场景3：分支中没有从集线器获取或安装的备份路由

症状

在这种情况下，在OMP表中，没有源自Spoke 2的前缀10.2.2.2/32的备份路由，只能看到按需非活动条目。已确认已配置分支中的按需连接和集线器中的TE

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp route vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32 
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

AFFINITY 
PATH ATTRIBUTE GROUP 
TENANT VPN      PREFIX     FROM PEER   ID LABEL STATUS TYPE     TLOC IP   COLOR   ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0      10      10.2.2.2/32 192.168.0.1 108 1003 U,IA installed 10.10.10.2 default  ipsec -             None  None - 
                           192.168.0.1 113 1003 U,IA installed 10.10.10.2 private1 ipsec -             None  None - 
                           192.168.0.1 141 1003 U,IA installed 10.10.10.2 private2 ipsec -             None  None - 
                           192.168.0.2 112 1003 U,IA installed 10.10.10.2 default  ipsec -             None  None - 
                           192.168.0.2 117 1003 U,IA installed 10.10.10.2 private1 ipsec -             None  None - 
                           192.168.0.2 144 1003 U,IA installed 10.10.10.2 private2 ipsec -             None  None - 



Spoke 1#show sdwan run | inc on-demand
on-demand enable
on-demand idle-timeout 10

Spoke 2#show sdwan run | inc on-demand
on-demand enable
on-demand idle-timeout 10

Hub#show sdwan run | inc TE
service TE vrf global

故障排除

检查按需集中策略，并确认所有分支是否都包含在正确的站点列表中

viptela-policy:policy
 control-policy ondemand
    sequence 1
     match route
      site-list Spokes
      prefix-list _AnyIpv4PrefixList
     !
     action accept
      set
       tloc-action backup
       tloc-list hub
      !
     !
    !
  default-action accept
 !
 lists
  site-list Spokes
   site-id 1 
  !
  tloc-list hub
   tloc 10.10.10.100 color blue encap ipsec 
   tloc 10.10.10.100 color default encap ipsec 
   tloc 10.10.10.100 color private1 encap ipsec 
   tloc 10.10.10.100 color private2 encap ipsec 
  !
  prefix-list _AnyIpv4PrefixList
   ip-prefix 0.0.0.0/0 le 32 
  !
 !
!
apply-policy
 site-list Spokes
  control-policy ondemand out
 !

解决方案

请注意，策略中的站点列表分支中缺少Spoke 2 site id 2。将其包含在站点列表中后，备份路径安装正确，当发送相关流量时，会启动按需隧道和分支之间的BFD会话。

Spokes site list from policy before
lists 
site-list Spokes 
site-id 1 
!

Spokes site list from policy after
lists
site-list Spokes 
site-id 1-2
!

Spoke 1#show sdwan omp routes vpn 10 10.2.2.2/32
Generating output, this might take time, please wait ...
Code:
C -> chosen
I -> installed
Red -> redistributed
Rej -> rejected
L -> looped
R -> resolved
S -> stale
Ext -> extranet
Inv -> invalid
Stg -> staged
IA -> On-demand inactive
U -> TLOC unresolved
BR-R -> border-router reoriginated
TGW-R -> transport-gateway reoriginated

AFFINITY 
PATH ATTRIBUTE GROUP 
TENANT VPN PREFIX           FROM PEER   ID LABEL STATUS TYPE      TLOC IP      COLOR    ENCAP PREFERENCE NUMBER REGION ID REGION PATH 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0      10  10.2.2.2/32      192.168.0.1 61 1005 C,I,R   installed 10.10.10.100 blue     ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.1 62 1003 I,U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   default  ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.1 64 1005 C,R     installed 10.10.10.100 blue     ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.1 65 1003 I,U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   private1 ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.1 67 1005 Inv,U   installed 10.10.10.100 blue     ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.1 68 1003 I,U,IA  installed 10.10.10.2   private2 ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.2 71 1005 C,R     installed 10.10.10.100 blue     ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.2 72 1003 U,IA    installed 10.10.10.2   default  ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.2 74 1005 C,R     installed 10.10.10.100 blue     ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.2 75 1003 U,IA    installed 10.10.10.2   private1 ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.2 77 1005 Inv,U   installed 10.10.10.100 blue     ipsec    -        None     None - 
                            192.168.0.2 78 1003 U,IA    installed 10.10.10.2   private2 ipsec    -        None     None -

Spoke 1#show sdwan bfd sessions 
SOURCE                     TLOC REMOTE TLOC DST PUBLIC     DST PUBLIC              DETECT        TX
SYSTEM IP    SITE ID STATE COLOR       COLOR    SOURCE IP  IP           PORT ENCAP MULTIPLIER INTERVAL(msec) UPTIME TRANSITIONS 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.10.10.100   100   up    blue         blue    10.10.10.1 10.100.100.1 12366 ipsec  7          1000         2:07:01:43 6
10.10.10.2      2    up    default      default 10.10.10.1 10.12.12.2   12366 ipsec  7          1000         0:00:00:56 2----> BFD session established due of on-demand tunnel configuration.
10.10.10.2      2    up    blue         blue    10.10.10.1 10.12.12.2   12366 ipsec  7          1000         0:00:00:56 2

Spoke 1#show sdwan system on-demand remote-system system-ip 10.10.10.2
SITE-ID SYSTEM-IP ON-DEMAND STATUS IDLE-TIMEOUT-EXPIRY(sec)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2       10.10.10.2 yes      active    56 ------>on-demand tunnel established to Spoke 2 10.10.10.2 due of interest traffic

有用的命令

show sdwan system on-demand
show sdwan system on-demand remote-system
show sdwan system on-demand remote-system system-ip <system ip>
show sdwan run | inc按需
show sdwan run | inc TE
show sdwan ompo routes vpn <vpn number>

修订历史记录

版本	发布日期	备注
1.0	05-Oct-2023	初始版本

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丹尼尔·阿尔瓦·巴尔加斯
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关于此翻译

目录

简介

前提条件

使用的组件

背景信息

工作场景

使用的拓扑

触发按需隧道激活

常见问题场景

使用的拓扑

场景1：备用路径通过分支视为无效和未解析的集线器

症状

故障排除

解决方案

场景2：分支之间的BFD会话保持开启

症状

故障排除

解决方案

场景3：分支中没有从集线器获取或安装的备份路由

症状

故障排除

解决方案

有用的命令

修订历史记录

由思科工程师提供

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