恢复XE-SDWAN上的密码

简介

本文档介绍在XE-SDWAN上恢复密码的过程。

先决条件

要求

本文档没有任何特定的要求。

使用的组件

本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态，请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。

问题

在XE-SDWAN（版本16.10.3以后）中，由于安全原因，存在默认的一次性管理员密码，用户可以轻松忽略此密码，并且有可能进入用户锁定状态。在未建立与vManage控制器的控制连接的情况下，这在初始路由器设置期间尤其危险；您不能简单地附加设置了用户名和密码的新模板。本文详细介绍了如何进行恢复。 

Username: admin
Password:
Router#

Sep 23 20:36:03.133: SDWAN INFO: WARNING: Please configure a new username and password; one-time user admin is removed. 

这是使用默认管理员/管理员凭证登录后控制台上的新消息。

注意：此过程会清除当前配置，因此请尽可能备份配置，然后再继续。

解决方案

下面是设备在忽略控制台日志中的一次性密码消息时如何被锁定的示例：

rommon 2 > boot bootflash:asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin

File size is 0x2f7f66c6

Located asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin 

Image size 796878534 inode num 17, bks cnt 194551 blk size 8*512

################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################
Boot image size = 796878534 (0x2f7f66c6) bytes


<<<<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>>>

Press RETURN to get started!


<<<<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>>> 

*Sep 23 20:35:33.558: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon vdaemon @ pid 2218 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:35:33.635: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-TTMD-6-INFO-1200001: R0/0: TTMD: Starting
*Sep 23 20:35:33.725: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-CFGMGR-6-INFO-300001: R0/0: CFGMGR: Starting
*Sep 23 20:35:33.823: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FPMD-6-INFO-1100001: R0/0: FPMD: Starting
*Sep 23 20:35:33.953: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-6-INFO-1000020: R0/0: FTMD: SLA class '__all_tunnels__' added at index '0': loss = 128%, latency = 2147483647 ms
*Sep 23 20:35:34.424: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-4-WARN-1000007: R0/0: FTMD: Connection to TTM came up. p_msgq 0x7fe1b3235500 p_ftm 0x9a3020
*Sep 23 20:35:41.475: %DMI-5-INITIALIZED: R0/0: syncfd: process has initialized.
*Sep 23 20:35:44.975: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback65528, changed state to up
*Sep 23 20:35:44.991: %SYS-5-LOG_CONFIG_CHANGE: Buffer logging: level debugging, xml disabled, filtering disabled, size (262144)
*Sep 23 20:35:45.025: SDWAN INFO: Received ENABLE_CONSOLE message from sysmgr
*Sep 23 20:35:45.025: Console Enabled
*Sep 23 20:35:45.025: SDWAN INFO: PNP start, status: success
*Sep 23 20:35:45.023: %DMI-5-ACTIVE: R0/0: nesd: process is in steady state.
*Sep 23 20:35:45.888: EXEC mode enabled on console

User Access Verification

Username: admin
Password: 
Router#
*Sep 23 20:36:03.133: SDWAN INFO: WARNING: Please configure a new username and password; one-time user admin is removed.
*Sep 23 20:36:03.240: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by system, transaction-id 14
Router#exit

Press RETURN to get started.

User Access Verification

Username: admin
Password: 
% Login invalid

Press RETURN to get started.

User Access Verification

Username: 
Login incorrect

Username: 

步骤1:通过以下步骤启动流程：

1.  关闭并重新启动路由器，然后强制路由器按中断顺序进入ROMmon模式(ctrl+break，ctrl+c)。
2.  将配置寄存器更改为0xA102或0x8000。

注意：我们建议0xA102，因为它不太容易出现用户错误。例如，如果您错误地将配置寄存器设置为0x800而不是0x8000（两个零而不是三个），则控制台波特率设置为4800而不是配置旁路。有关配置寄存器的详细信息，请参阅https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/routers/10000-series-routers/50421-config-register-use.html

注意：在Cisco IOS® XE软件中，无法通过0x2142配置寄存器进行配置旁路，因为Cisco IOS® XE SD-WAN软件以不同方式在闪存上的配置数据库(CDB)中存储配置。 从Cisco IOS® XE SD-WAN软件16.10.1开始，第15位可以设置为1以绕过配置，因此配置寄存器例如为0xA102。这是位15 at (0x8000)与默认寄存器0x2102的十六进制值组合的结果。

  3. 重置复选框（检查命令的输出）：

Initializing Hardware ...

System integrity status: 90170400 12030117

U

System Bootstrap, Version 16.3(2r), RELEASE SOFTWARE
Copyright (c) 1994-2016  by cisco Systems, Inc.


Current image running: Boot ROM1

Last reset cause: PowerOn


Warning: Octeon PCIe lanes not x2 width: sts=0x5011 

ASR1001-HX platform with 16777216 Kbytes of main memory


rommon 1 >     confreg 0x8000



You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect

rommon 2 > i


Reset .......





Initializing Hardware ...

System integrity status: 90170400 12030117

Trixie configured
CaveCreek Link Status reg: Bus/Dev/Func: 0/28/1, offset 0x52, status = 00003011Times left ms:0000005C
Initializing DS31408...
 Read MB FPGA Version: 0x16051716

 DS31408 locked to local Oscillator
Taking Yoda out of reset... 

Yoda VID enabled... 

Crypto enabled... 

Warning: Octeon PCIe link width not x2: sts=00001001
	requesting link retrain

Astro enabled... 

Astro PLL/bandgap init... 

NP5c out of reset... 

U

System Bootstrap, Version 16.3(2r), RELEASE SOFTWARE
Copyright (c) 1994-2016  by cisco Systems, Inc.


CPLD Version: 16033009 ASR1001-HX Slot:0



Current image running: Boot ROM1

Last reset cause: LocalSoft

Reading confreg 0x8000


Enabling interrupts 

Initializing SATA controller...done

Checking for PCIe device presence...

Warning: Octeon PCIe lanes not x2 width: sts=0x5011 done


ASR1001-HX platform with 16777216 Kbytes of main memory


autoboot entry: NVRAM VALUES: bootconf: 0x0, autobootstate: 0

autobootcount: 0, autobootsptr: 0x0

第二步：从rommon启动XE-SDWAN .bin映像：

rommon 3 > boot bootflash:asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin

Warning: filesystem is not clean

File size is 0x2f7f66c6

Located asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin 

Image size 796878534 inode num 17, bks cnt 194551 blk size 8*512

#######################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################

File is comprised of 200 fragments (0%) 


<<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>>



Press RETURN to get started!

<<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>> 

*Sep 23 20:47:34.124: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon cfgmgr @ pid 5018 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:47:34.125: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon fpmd @ pid 5019 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:47:34.125: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ftmd @ pid 5020 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:47:34.126: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ompd @ pid 5021 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:47:34.127: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ttmd @ pid 5022 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:47:34.127: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon vdaemon @ pid 5023 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:47:34.214: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-TTMD-6-INFO-1200001: R0/0: TTMD: Starting
*Sep 23 20:47:34.307: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-CFGMGR-6-INFO-300001: R0/0: CFGMGR: Starting
*Sep 23 20:47:34.382: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FPMD-6-INFO-1100001: R0/0: FPMD: Starting
*Sep 23 20:47:34.525: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-6-INFO-1000020: R0/0: FTMD: SLA class '__all_tunnels__' added at index '0': loss = 128%, latency = 2147483647 ms
*Sep 23 20:47:41.143: %ONEP_BASE-6-CONNECT: [Element]: ONEP session Application:com.cisco.syncfd Host:Router ID:726 User:a has connected.
*Sep 23 20:47:41.997: %DMI-5-INITIALIZED: R0/0: syncfd: process has initialized.
*Sep 23 20:47:45.480: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback65528, changed state to up
*Sep 23 20:47:45.495: %SYS-5-LOG_CONFIG_CHANGE: Buffer logging: level debugging, xml disabled, filtering disabled, size (262144)
*Sep 23 20:47:45.534: SDWAN INFO: Received ENABLE_CONSOLE message from sysmgr
*Sep 23 20:47:45.534: Console Enabled
*Sep 23 20:47:45.534: SDWAN INFO: PNP start, status: success
*Sep 23 20:47:45.531: %DMI-5-ACTIVE: R0/0: nesd: process is in steady state.
*Sep 23 20:47:45.945: EXEC mode enabled on console

第三步： 使用默认管理员凭证登录：

User Access Verification

Username: admin
Password: 
Router#
*Sep 23 20:48:16.659: SDWAN INFO: WARNING: Please configure a new username and password; one-time user admin is removed.
*Sep 23 20:48:16.767: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by system, transaction-id 14 
Router#
Router#sh ver | i Configuration register
Configuration register is 0x8000

第四步：这是必需步骤。

1. 将配置寄存器改回0x2102并执行sdwan软件重置。这将清除存在的所有配置。
2. 在此步骤中，路由器将重新启动，并使用packages.conf配置文件中指定的软件进行引导：

Router#request platform software sdwan software reset

*Sep 23 20:52:17.400: %INSTALL-5-INSTALL_START_INFO: R0/0: install_engine: Started install activate bootflash:asr1000-ucmk9.16.10.3a.SPA.bin
*Sep 23 20:52:23.919: %SYS-7-NV_BLOCK_INIT: Initialized the geometry of nvram
Router#
*Sep 23 20:52:47.943: %INSTALL-5-INSTALL_COMPLETED_INFO: R0/0: install_engine: Completed install activate PACKAGESep 23 20:53:04.302: 


Initializing Hardware ...

System integrity status: 90170400 12030117

U

System Bootstrap, Version 16.3(2r), RELEASE SOFTWARE
Copyright (c) 1994-2016  by cisco Systems, Inc.


Current image running: Boot ROM1

Last reset cause: LocalSoft


Warning: Octeon PCIe lanes not x2 width: sts=0x5011 

ASR1001-HX platform with 16777216 Kbytes of main memory


File size is 0x00001a47

Located packages.conf 

Image size 6727 inode num 1120114, bks cnt 2 blk size 8*512

#

File size is 0x01e7df8e

Located asr1000-rpboot.16.10.3a.SPA.pkg 

Image size 31973262 inode num 1120126, bks cnt 7806 blk size 8*512

########################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################

Boot image size = 31973262 (0x1e7df8e) bytes


ROM:RSA Self Test Passed

ROM:Sha512 Self Test Passed


<<<<<< OUTPUT TRIMMED >>>>>>>> 



*Sep 23 20:57:13.347: %ONEP_BASE-6-CONNECT: [Element]: ONEP session Application:com.cisco.syncfd Host:Router ID:8029 User:a has connected.
*Sep 23 20:57:15.226: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon cfgmgr @ pid 4435 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:57:15.227: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon fpmd @ pid 4436 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:57:15.228: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ftmd @ pid 4437 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:57:15.229: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ompd @ pid 4438 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:57:15.229: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon ttmd @ pid 4439 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:57:15.230: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-6-INFO-200017: R0/0: SYSMGR: Started daemon vdaemon @ pid 4440 in vpn 0
*Sep 23 20:57:15.308: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-TTMD-6-INFO-1200001: R0/0: TTMD: Starting
*Sep 23 20:57:15.391: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-CFGMGR-6-INFO-300001: R0/0: CFGMGR: Starting
*Sep 23 20:57:15.484: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FPMD-6-INFO-1100001: R0/0: FPMD: Starting
*Sep 23 20:57:15.620: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-6-INFO-1000020: R0/0: FTMD: SLA class '__all_tunnels__' added at index '0': loss = 128%, latency = 2147483647 ms
*Sep 23 20:57:16.092: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-FTMD-4-WARN-1000007: R0/0: FTMD: Connection to TTM came up. p_msgq 0x7f5815c35500 p_ftm 0x9a3020
*Sep 23 20:57:27.380: %DMI-5-INITIALIZED: R0/0: syncfd: process has initialized.
*Sep 23 20:57:35.032: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback65528, changed state to up
*Sep 23 20:57:35.048: %SYS-5-LOG_CONFIG_CHANGE: Buffer logging: level debugging, xml disabled, filtering disabled, size (262144)
*Sep 23 20:57:35.081: SDWAN INFO: Received ENABLE_CONSOLE message from sysmgr
*Sep 23 20:57:35.081: Console Enabled
*Sep 23 20:57:35.081: SDWAN INFO: PNP start, status: success
*Sep 23 20:57:35.079: %DMI-5-ACTIVE: R0/0: nesd: process is in steady state.
*Sep 23 20:57:35.682: EXEC mode enabled on console

第五步：现在，系统再次提示您输入一次性管理员凭证。完成此步骤后，不要忘记更改默认密码。建议同时添加其他用户。如果您错过此步骤并且被锁定，则需要再次重复所有步骤。

User Access Verification

Username: admin
Password: 
Router#
*Sep 23 20:58:18.048: SDWAN INFO: WARNING: Please configure a new username and password; one-time user admin is removed.
*Sep 23 20:58:18.155: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by system, transaction-id 18
Router#confi
Router#config-tr
System is still initializing. Wait for PnP to be completed or terminate PnP with the command:

pnpa service discovery stop
Router#pnpa service discovery stop
PNP-EXEC-DISCOVERY (1): Stopping PnP Discovery...
Waiting for PnP discovery cleanup .. 

Router#
*Sep 23 20:58:48.997: %PNP-6-PNP_DISCOVERY_ABORT_ON_CLI: PnP Discovery abort on CLI input
*Sep 23 20:58:48.999: %DMI-5-SYNC_START: R0/0: syncfd: External change to running configuration detected. The running configuration will be synchronized to the NETCONF running data store.
*Sep 23 20:58:54.955: %DMI-5-SYNC_COMPLETE: R0/0: syncfd: The running configuration has been synchronized to the NETCONF running data store.
*Sep 23 20:58:54.955: %DMI-5-ACTIVE: R0/0: syncfd: process is in steady state.
*Sep 23 20:58:55.150: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by system, transaction-id 181
*Sep 23 20:58:55.676: %Cisco-SDWAN-Router-SYSMGR-5-NTCE-200050: R0/0: SYSMGR: System status solid green (reason: All daemons up)
Router#
*Sep 23 20:59:00.083: %INSTALL-5-INSTALL_START_INFO: R0/0: install_engine: Started install commit PACKAGE
*Sep 23 20:59:00.327: %INSTALL-5-INSTALL_COMPLETED_INFO: R0/0: install_engine: Completed install commit PACKAGE
Router#sh ver | i register
Configuration register is 0x2102
Router#sh sdwan ver

*Sep 23 20:59:12.640: %PNP-6-PNP_DISCOVERY_ABORT_ON_CLI: PnP Discovery abort on CLI input
*Sep 23 20:59:12.640: %PNP-6-PNP_DISCOVERY_STOPPED: PnP Discovery stopped (Discovery Aborted)16.10.3a

Router#
Router#sh sdwan ver
16.10.3a

Router#
Router#conf
Router#config-tr

admin connected from 127.0.0.1 with console on Router
Router(config)# username admin privilege 15   secret <your password>
Router(config)# username  sdwan privilege 15 secret <your password>
Router(config)# comm
Commit complete.
Router(config)# 
*Sep 23 21:00:59.270: %DMI-5-CONFIG_I: R0/0: nesd: Configured from NETCONF/RESTCONF by admin, transaction-id 204
Router(config)# end

第六步：确认您仍然可以使用新创建的用户名和密码访问设备：

Router#exit
Router con0 is now available

Press RETURN to get started.

User Access Verification

Username: admin
Password: 

Router>en
Router#
Router#exit

Router con0 is now available

Press RETURN to get started.
User Access Verification

Username: sdwan
Password: 

Router>en
Router#