在PIX防火墙和带有叠加专用网络的Cisco VPN 3000集中器之间的IPSec配置示例

下载选项

  • PDF     (385.3 KB)
    在各种设备上使用 Adobe Reader 查看
  • ePub     (216.4 KB)
    在 iPhone、iPad、Android、Sony Reader 或 Windows Phone 上使用各种应用查看
  • Mobi (Kindle)     (360.3 KB)
    在 Kindle 设备上查看或在多个设备上使用 Kindle 应用查看
已更新: 2008 年 1 月 18 日
文档 ID:23193

非歧视性语言

此产品的文档集力求使用非歧视性语言。在本文档集中，非歧视性语言是指不隐含针对年龄、残障、性别、种族身份、族群身份、性取向、社会经济地位和交叉性的歧视的语言。由于产品软件的用户界面中使用的硬编码语言、基于 RFP 文档使用的语言或引用的第三方产品使用的语言，文档中可能无法确保完全使用非歧视性语言。 深入了解思科如何使用包容性语言。

关于此翻译

思科采用人工翻译与机器翻译相结合的方式将此文档翻译成不同语言，希望全球的用户都能通过各自的语言得到支持性的内容。 请注意：即使是最好的机器翻译，其准确度也不及专业翻译人员的水平。 Cisco Systems, Inc. 对于翻译的准确性不承担任何责任，并建议您总是参考英文原始文档（已提供链接）。

简介

本文介绍如何在 VPN 网关后具有重叠专用网络地址的站点到站点 IPSec VPN 中配置 Cisco Secure PIX 防火墙。本示例使用 PIX 6.2 中引入的增强网络地址转换 (NAT) 功能将 IPSec VPN 隧道每一端的重叠网络转换为非重叠地址空间。

先决条件

要求

本文档没有任何特定的要求。

使用的组件

本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本：

  • 软件版本为 6.3(3) 的 Cisco Secure PIX 防火墙 506

  • 软件版本为 4.1(5) 的 VPN 3030 集中器

本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您使用的是真实网络，请确保您已经了解所有命令的潜在影响。

规则

有关文档规则的详细信息，请参阅 Cisco 技术提示规则。

配置

本部分提供有关如何配置本文档所述功能的信息。

注：要查找有关本文档中使用的命令的其他信息，请使用命令查找工具(仅注册客户)。

网络图

本文档使用此图所示的网络设置。

vpn_pix_private_01a-1.gif

Private_LAN1和Private_LAN2的IP子网都为192.168.4.0/24。这模拟了IPSec隧道两侧后面的重叠地址空间。此处将 VPN 3000 集中器用作一个没有 NAT over VPN 流量功能的集中器的示例。

在本示例中，PIX 执行双向转换，以使两个专用 LAN 可以通过 IPSec 隧道通信。转换意味着 Private_LAN1 通过 IPSec 隧道将 Private_LAN2“视为”10.1.1.0/24，而 Private_LAN2 通过 IPSec 隧道将 Private_LAN1“视为”20.1.1.0/24。

配置

PIX 
P520-1(config)#show run
: Saved
:
PIX Version 6.3(3)
interface ethernet0 auto
interface ethernet1 auto
nameif ethernet0 outside security0
nameif ethernet1 inside security100
enable password 8Ry2YjIyt7RRXU24 encrypted
passwd 2KFQnbNIdI.2KYOU encrypted
hostname P520-1
domain-name bru-ch.com
fixup protocol dns maximum-length 512
fixup protocol ftp 21
fixup protocol h323 h225 1720
fixup protocol h323 ras 1718-1719
fixup protocol http 80
fixup protocol rsh 514
fixup protocol rtsp 554
fixup protocol sip 5060
fixup protocol sip udp 5060
fixup protocol skinny 2000
fixup protocol smtp 25
fixup protocol sqlnet 1521
fixup protocol tftp 69
names   

!--- Defines IPSec interesting traffic. !--- Note that the host behind PIX communicates !--- to Private_LAN1 using 10.1.1.0/24. !--- When the packets arrive at the PIX, they are first !--- translated to 192.168.4.0/24 and then encrypted by IPSec.

access-list 101 permit ip 20.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 
pager lines 24
mtu outside 1500
mtu inside 1500
ip address outside 172.16.172.34 255.255.255.0
ip address inside 192.168.4.4 255.255.255.0
ip audit info action alarm
ip audit attack action alarm
pdm history enable
arp timeout 14400

!--- Static translation defined to translate Private_LAN2 !--- from 192.168.4.0/24 to 10.1.1.0/24.

static (outside,inside) 10.1.1.0 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 0 0

!--- Static translation defined to translate Private_LAN1 !--- from 192.168.4.0/24 to 20.1.1.0/24. !--- Note that this translation is used for both !--- VPN and Internet traffic from Private_LAN1. !--- A routable global IP address range, or an extra NAT !--- at the ISP router (in front of PIX), is !--- required if Private_LAN1 also needs internal access.

static (inside,outside) 20.1.1.0 192.168.4.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 0 0
route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.172.55 1
timeout xlate 3:00:00
timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 rpc 0:10:00 h225 1:00:00
timeout h323 0:05:00 mgcp 0:05:00 sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00
timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute
aaa-server TACACS+ protocol tacacs+ 
aaa-server RADIUS protocol radius 
aaa-server LOCAL protocol local 
no snmp-server location
no snmp-server contact
snmp-server community public
no snmp-server enable traps
floodguard enable
sysopt connection permit-ipsec

!--- Defines IPSec encryption and authentication algorithms.

crypto ipsec transform-set myset esp-des esp-md5-hmac 

!--- Defines crypto map.

crypto map vpn 10 ipsec-isakmp
crypto map vpn 10 match address 101
crypto map vpn 10 set peer 172.16.172.55
crypto map vpn 10 set transform-set myset

!--- Apply crypto map on the outside interface.

crypto map vpn interface outside
isakmp enable outside

!--- Defines pre-shared secret (cisco123) used for IKE authentication.

isakmp key ******** address 172.16.172.55 netmask 255.255.255.255 
isakmp identity address

!--- Defines ISAKMP policy.

isakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share
isakmp policy 1 encryption des
isakmp policy 1 hash md5
isakmp policy 1 group 1
isakmp policy 1 lifetime 86400
telnet timeout 5
ssh timeout 5
console timeout 0
terminal width 80
Cryptochecksum:6cc25fc2fea20958dfe74c1fca45ada2
: end

VPN 3000 集中器 LAN 到 LAN 隧道配置

对于目标地址 20.1.1.0 /24 (Private_LAN1)，您需要在 VPN 3000 上具有静态路由。为此，请选择 Configuration > System > IP Routing > Static Routes，然后选择 Add。填写完字段之后，请单击 Add。

vpn_pix_private_02d-2.gif

使用下列图像中的设置来配置您的 VPN 3000 集中器。

vpn_pix_private_02a-3.gif

vpn_pix_private_02b-4.gif

vpn_pix_private_02c-5.gif

验证

本部分所提供的信息可用于确认您的配置是否正常工作。

命令输出解释程序工具（仅限注册用户）支持某些 show 命令，使用此工具可以查看对 show 命令输出的分析。

  • show crypto isakmp sa - 显示对等体上的所有当前 Internet 密钥交换 (IKE) 安全关联 (SA)。

  • show crypto isakmp sa detail - 显示对等体上的所有当前 IKE SA 的详细信息。

  • show crypto ipsec sa - 显示当前 SA 使用的设置。

  • show xlate detail - 显示转换插槽信息。

PIX 

P520-1(config)# 
P520-1(config)#show crypto isakmp sa
Total     : 1
Embryonic : 0
        dst               src        state     pending     created
   172.16.172.55    172.16.172.34    QM_IDLE         0           1

P520-1(config)#show crypto isakmp sa detail
Total     : 1
Embryonic : 0
         Local            Remote          Encr Hash    Auth  State      Lifetime
   172.16.172.34:500    172.16.172.55:500  des  md5     psk QM_IDLE       86211
P520-1(config)# 

P520-1(config)#show crypto ipsec sa


interface: outside
    Crypto map tag: vpn, local addr. 172.16.172.34

   local  ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (20.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
   remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0)
   current_peer: 172.16.172.55:500
     PERMIT, flags={origin_is_acl,}
    #pkts encaps: 4, #pkts encrypt: 4, #pkts digest 4
    #pkts decaps: 4, #pkts decrypt: 4, #pkts verify 4
    #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
    #pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
    #send errors 1, #recv errors 0

     local crypto endpt.: 172.16.172.34, remote crypto endpt.: 172.16.172.55
     path mtu 1500, ipsec overhead 56, media mtu 1500
     current outbound spi: 734575cb

     inbound esp sas:
      spi: 0xe028850d(3760751885)
        transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
        in use settings ={Tunnel, }
        slot: 0, conn id: 1, crypto map: vpn
        sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607999/28751)
        IV size: 8 bytes
        replay detection support: Y


    inbound ah sas:


     inbound pcp sas:


     outbound esp sas:
      spi: 0x734575cb(1933931979)
        transform: esp-des esp-md5-hmac ,
        in use settings ={Tunnel, }
        slot: 0, conn id: 2, crypto map: vpn
        sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4607999/28751)
        IV size: 8 bytes
        replay detection support: Y


     outbound ah sas:

P520-1(config)#show xlate detail
2 in use, 2 most used
Flags: D - DNS, d - dump, I - identity, i - inside, n - no random,
       o - outside, r - portmap, s - static
NAT from inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1 flags s
NAT from outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1 flags s

使用 ping 流量验证隧道。在 PIX 上收集的此 debug icmp trace 输出说明 NAT 如何转换数据包。 

P520-1(config)# debug icmp trace
ICMP trace on
Warning: this may cause problems on busy networks
P520-1(config)# 
1: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3060 seq=4391 length=80
2: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1
3: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1
4: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3060 seq=4391 length=80
5: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1
6: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1
7: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3061 seq=4391 length=80
8: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1
9: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1
10: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3061 seq=4391 length=80
11: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1
12: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1
13: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3062 seq=4391 length=80
14: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1
15: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1
16: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3062 seq=4391 length=80
17: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1
18: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1
19: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3063 seq=4391 length=80
20: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1
21: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1
22: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3063 seq=4391 length=80
23: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1
24: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1
25: ICMP echo-request from inside:192.168.4.1 to 10.1.1.1 ID=3064 seq=4391 length=80
26: ICMP echo-request: translating inside:192.168.4.1 to outside:20.1.1.1
27: ICMP echo-request: untranslating inside:10.1.1.1 to outside:192.168.4.1
28: ICMP echo-reply from outside:192.168.4.1 to 20.1.1.1 ID=3064 seq=4391 length=80
29: ICMP echo-reply: translating outside:192.168.4.1 to inside:10.1.1.1
30: ICMP echo-reply: untranslating outside:20.1.1.1 to inside:192.168.4.1
P520-1(config)#

VPN 集中器

选择 Monitoring > Sessions > Detail 验证 VPN 3000 集中器配置。

vpn_pix_private_04a-6.gif

vpn_pix_private_04b-7.gif

故障排除

本部分提供的信息可用于对配置进行故障排除。可在下列文档中查找有关故障排除的其他信息：

故障排除命令

命令输出解释程序工具（仅限注册用户）支持某些 show 命令，使用此工具可以查看对 show 命令输出的分析。

注意：在发出debug命令之前，请参阅有关Debug命令的重要信息。

此输出说明 IKE 协商的运行调试。此处显示了 debug crypto isakmp 和 debug crypto ipsec 命令的输出。 

P520-1(config)#show debug
debug crypto ipsec 1
debug crypto isakmp 1
P520-1(config)# 
ISAKMP (0): beginning Main Mode exchange

crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500
OAK_MM exchange
ISAKMP (0): processing SA payload. message ID = 0

ISAKMP (0): Checking ISAKMP transform 1 against priority 1 policy
ISAKMP:      encryption DES-CBC
ISAKMP:      hash MD5
ISAKMP:      default group 1
ISAKMP:      auth pre-share
ISAKMP:      life type in seconds
ISAKMP:      life duration (VPI) of  0x0 0x1 0x51 0x80 
ISAKMP (0): atts are acceptable. Next payload is 0
ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload

ISAKMP (0): SA is doing pre-shared key authentication using id type ID_IPV4_ADDR
return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500
OAK_MM exchange
ISAKMP (0): processing KE payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing NONCE payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload
ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload
ISAKMP (0): received xauth v6 vendor id
ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload
ISAKMP (0): speaking to another IOS box!
ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload
ISAKMP (0): speaking to a VPN3000 concentrator
ISAKMP (0): ID payload
        next-payload : 8
        type         : 1
        protocol     : 17
        port         : 500
        length       : 8
ISAKMP (0): Total payload length: 12
return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500
OAK_MM exchange
ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing HASH payload. message ID = 0
ISAKMP (0): processing vendor id payload
ISAKMP (0): remote peer supports dead peer detection
ISAKMP (0): SA has been authenticated

ISAKMP (0): beginning Quick Mode exchange, M-ID of -995061605:c4b0909bIPSEC
(key_engine): got a queue event...
IPSEC(spi_response): getting spi 0xe028850d(3760751885) for SA 
        from   172.16.172.55 to   172.16.172.34 for prot 3

return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
ISAKMP (0): sending INITIAL_CONTACT notify
ISAKMP (0): sending NOTIFY message 24578 protocol 1
VPN Peer: ISAKMP: Added new peer: ip:172.16.172.55/500 Total VPN Peers:1
VPN Peer: ISAKMP: Peer ip:172.16.172.55/500 Ref cnt incremented to:1 Total 
VPN Peers:1
crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500
OAK_QM exchange
oakley_process_quick_mode:
OAK_QM_IDLE
ISAKMP (0): processing SA payload. message ID = 3299905691
ISAKMP : Checking IPSec proposal 1
ISAKMP: transform 1, ESP_DES
ISAKMP:   attributes in transform:
ISAKMP:      SA life type in seconds
ISAKMP:      SA life duration (basic) of 28800
ISAKMP:      SA life type in kilobytes
ISAKMP:      SA life duration (VPI) of  0x0 0x46 0x50 0x0 
ISAKMP:      encaps is 1
ISAKMP:      authenticator is HMAC-MD5
ISAKMP (0): atts are acceptable.IPSEC(validate_proposal_request): proposal part #1,
  (key eng. msg.) dest= 172.16.172.55, src= 172.16.172.34, 
    dest_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), 
   src_proxy= 20.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
    protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , 
    lifedur= 0s and 0kb, 
    spi= 0x0(0), conn_id= 0, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4

ISAKMP (0): processing NONCE payload. message ID = 3299905691
ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload. message ID = 3299905691
ISAKMP (0): processing ID payload. message ID = 3299905691
ISAKMP (0): Creating IPSec SAs
        inbound SA from   172.16.172.55 to   172.16.172.34 
        (proxy 192.168.4.0 to   20.1.1.0)
        has spi 3760751885 and conn_id 1 and flags 4
        lifetime of 28800 seconds
        lifetime of 4608000 kilobytes
        outbound SA from   172.16.172.34 to   172.16.172.55 
       (proxy        20.1.1.0 to     192.168.4.0)
        has spi 1933931979 and conn_id 2 and flags 4
        lifetime of 28800 seconds
        lifetime of 4608000 kilobytesIPSEC(key_engine): got a queue event...
IPSEC(initialize_sas): ,
  (key eng. msg.) dest= 172.16.172.34, src= 172.16.172.55, 
    dest_proxy= 20.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), 
    src_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
    protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , 
    lifedur= 28800s and 4608000kb, 
    spi= 0xe028850d(3760751885), conn_id= 1, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4
IPSEC(initialize_sas): ,
  (key eng. msg.) src= 172.16.172.34, dest= 172.16.172.55, 
    src_proxy= 20.1.1.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4), 
    dest_proxy= 192.168.4.0/255.255.255.0/0/0 (type=4),
    protocol= ESP, transform= esp-des esp-md5-hmac , 
    lifedur= 28800s and 4608000kb, 
    spi= 0x734575cb(1933931979), conn_id= 2, keysize= 0, flags= 0x4

VPN Peer: IPSEC: Peer ip:172.16.172.55/500 Ref cnt incremented to:2 Total VPN Peers:1
VPN Peer: IPSEC: Peer ip:172.16.172.55/500 Ref cnt incremented to:3 Total VPN Peers:1
return status is IKMP_NO_ERROR
P520-1(config)# 
P520-1(config)# 
crypto_isakmp_process_block:src:172.16.172.55, dest:172.16.172.34 spt:500 dpt:500
ISAKMP (0): processing NOTIFY payload 36136 protocol 1
        spi 0, message ID = 1690390088
ISAMKP (0): received DPD_R_U_THERE from peer 172.16.172.55
ISAKMP (0): sending NOTIFY message 36137 protocol 1
return status is IKMP_NO_ERR_NO_TRANS
P520-1(config)#

相关信息

修订历史记录

版本 发布日期 备注
1.0
18-Jan-2008
初始版本

此文档是否有帮助?

Feedback反馈

联系我们

本文档适用于以下产品