简介
本文档介绍如何向思科邮件安全设备(ESA)上的阻止列表添加恶意IP地址或域名。
阻止恶意发件人或问题发件人
阻止发件人的最简单方法是将其IP地址或域名添加到ESA主机访问表(HAT)中的BLOCKED_LIST发件人组。BLOCKED_LIST发件人组使用$BLOCKED邮件流策略，该策略的访问规则为REJECT。
注:IP地址或域名来自发送邮件服务器。如果不知道发送邮件服务器的IP地址，可以从邮件跟踪或邮件日志中捕获该地址。
通过GUI阻止发件人
要通过GUI阻止发件人，请完成以下步骤：
- 单击邮件策略。
- 选择HAT概述。
- 如果在ESA上配置了多个侦听程序，请确保当前已选择InboundMail侦听程序。
- 从Sender Group列中选择BLOCKED_LIST。
- 单击Add Sender...
- 输入要阻止的IP地址或域名。允许以下格式：
- IPv6地址，例如2001:420:80:1::5
- IPv6子网，例如2001:db8::/32
- IPv4地址，例如10.1.1.0
- IPv4子网，例如10.1.1.0/24或10.2.3.1
- IPv4和IPv6地址范围，例如10.1.1.10-20、10.1.1-5或2001::2-2001::10
- 主机名，例如example.com
- 部分主机名，例如.example.com
- 添加条目后，单击Submit。
- 单击Commit Changes以完成配置更改。
通过CLI阻止发件人
以下示例展示如何通过CLI按域名和IP地址阻止发件人：
myesa.local> listenerconfig
Currently configured listeners:
1. Bidirectional (on Management, 192.168.1.x) SMTP TCP Port 25 Public
Choose the operation you want to perform:
- NEW - Create a new listener.
- EDIT - Modify a listener.
- DELETE - Remove a listener.
- SETUP - Change global settings.
[]> edit
Enter the name or number of the listener you wish to edit.
[]> 1
Name: Bidirectional
Type: Public
Interface: Management (192.168.1.x/24) TCP Port 25
Protocol: SMTP
Default Domain: example.com
Max Concurrent Connections: 50 (TCP Queue: 50)
Domain Map: Disabled
TLS: No
SMTP Authentication: Disabled
Bounce Profile: Default
Use SenderBase For Reputation Filters and IP Profiling: Yes
Footer: None
Heading: None
SMTP Call-Ahead: Disabled
LDAP: Off
Choose the operation you want to perform:
- NAME - Change the name of the listener.
- INTERFACE - Change the interface.
- CERTIFICATE - Choose the certificate.
- LIMITS - Change the injection limits.
- SETUP - Configure general options.
- HOSTACCESS - Modify the Host Access Table.
- RCPTACCESS - Modify the Recipient Access Table.
- BOUNCECONFIG - Choose the bounce profile to use for messages injected on this
listener.
- MASQUERADE - Configure the Domain Masquerading Table.
- DOMAINMAP - Configure domain mappings.
- LDAPACCEPT - Configure an LDAP query to determine whether a recipient address
should be accepted or bounced/dropped.
- LDAPGROUP - Configure an LDAP query to determine whether a sender or recipient
is in a specified group.
[]> hostaccess
Default Policy Parameters
==========================
Maximum Message Size: 10M
Maximum Number Of Concurrent Connections From A Single IP: 10
Maximum Number Of Messages Per Connection: 10
Maximum Number Of Recipients Per Message: 50
Directory Harvest Attack Prevention: Enabled
Maximum Number Of Invalid Recipients Per Hour: 25
Maximum Number Of Recipients Per Hour: Disabled
Maximum Number of Recipients per Envelope Sender: Disabled
Use SenderBase for Flow Control: Yes
Allow TLS Connections: No
Allow SMTP Authentication: No
Require TLS To Offer SMTP authentication: No
DKIM/DomainKeys Signing Enabled: No
DKIM Verification Enabled: No
S/MIME Public Key Harvesting Enabled: Yes
S/MIME Decryption/Verification Enabled: Yes
SPF/SIDF Verification Enabled: Yes
Conformance Level: SIDF compatible
Downgrade PRA verification: No
Do HELO test: Yes
SMTP actions:
For HELO Identity: Accept
For MAIL FROM Identity: Accept
For PRA Identity: Accept
Verification timeout: 40
DMARC Verification Enabled: No
Envelope Sender DNS Verification Enabled: No
Domain Exception Table Enabled: Yes
There are currently 6 policies defined.
There are currently 7 sender groups.
Choose the operation you want to perform:
- NEW - Create a new entry.
- EDIT - Modify an entry.
- DELETE - Remove an entry.
- MOVE - Move an entry.
- DEFAULT - Set the defaults.
- PRINT - Display the table.
- IMPORT - Import a table from a file.
- EXPORT - Export the table to a file.
- RESET - Remove senders and set policies to system default.
[]> edit
1. Edit Sender Group
2. Edit Policy
[1]> 1
Currently configured HAT sender groups:
1. ALLOWSPOOF
2. MY_INBOUND_RELAY
3. WHITELIST (My trusted senders have no anti-spam scanning or rate limiting)
4. BLOCKED_LIST (Spammers are rejected)
5. SUSPECTLIST (Suspicious senders are throttled)
6. UNKNOWNLIST (Reviewed but undecided, continue normal acceptance)
7. (no name, first host = ALL) (Everyone else)
Enter the sender group number or name you wish to edit.
[]> 4
Choose the operation you want to perform:
- NEW - Add a new host.
- DELETE - Remove a host.
- POLICY - Change the policy settings and options.
- PRINT - Display the current definition.
- RENAME - Rename this sender group.
[]> new
Enter the senders to add to this sender group. A sender group entry can be
any of the following:
- an IP address
- a CIDR address such as 10.1.1.0/24 or 2001::0/64
- an IP range such as 10.1.1.10-20, 10.1.1-5 or 2001:db8::1-2001:db8::10.
- an IP subnet such as 10.2.3.
- a hostname such as crm.example.com
- a partial hostname such as .example.com
- a range of SenderBase Reputation Scores in the form SBRS[7.5:10.0]
- a SenderBase Network Owner ID in the form SBO:12345
- a remote blocklist query in the form dnslist[query.blocklist.example]
Separate multiple entries with commas.
[]> badhost.example.org, 10.1.1.10
注：请记住提交从主CLI所做的所有更改。
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