在安全防火墙和Cisco IOS上实施DVTI

简介

本文档介绍如何在自适应安全设备上使用EIGRP实施动态虚拟隧道接口中心辐射型解决方案。

先决条件

要求

Cisco 建议您了解以下主题：

• 基本了解ASA上的虚拟隧道接口
• 集线器/辐条/ISP之间的基本底层连接
• 对EIGRP的基本了解

• 自适应安全设备9.19(1)版或更高版本

使用的组件

本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本：

• 两台ASAv设备，均为版本9.19(1)。用于分支1和中心
• 两个Cisco IOS® v设备版本15.9(3)M4。一个用于ISP设备，一个用于分支2。
• 两个Ubuntu主机到用于隧道的通用流量

本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态，请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。

配置

网络图

配置

在集线器ASA上配置WAN接口和IKEv2加密参数

进入集线器的配置模式。

interface g0/0
ip address 198.51.100.1 255.255.255.0 
nameif OUTSIDE

在集线器ASA上配置IKEv2参数

创建定义IKE连接的阶段1参数的IKEv2策略。

crypto ikev2 policy 1      (The number is locally significant on the device, this determine the order in which the IKEv2 policies are presented to the peer)
encryption aes-256         (Defines the encryption parameter used to encrypt the initial communication between the devices)
integrity sha256           (Defines the integrity used to secure the initial communication between the devices)
group 21                   (Defines the Diffie-Hellman group used to protect the key exchange between devices)
prf sha256                 (Pseudo Random Function, an optional value to define, automatically chooses the value defined for integrity)
lifetime seconds 86400     (Controls the phase 1 rekey, specified in seconds. Optional value, as the default is 86400)

创建IKEv2 IPsec建议以定义用于保护流量的第2阶段参数。

crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal NAME                (Name is locally signicant and is used as a reference point later in the configuration)
protocol esp encryption aes-256                       (specifies that Encapsulating Security Payload and aes-256 is used to encrypt the traffic traversing the tunnel)
protocol esp integrity sha-256                        (specifies that Encapsulating Security Payload and sha-256 is used to ensure the integrity of the traffic traversing the tunnel)

创建包含IPsec建议的IPsec配置文件。

crypto ipsec profile NAME                    (This name is referenced on the Virtual-Template Interface to allow the crypto parameters to be utilized)
set ikev2 ipsec-proposal NAME                (This is the name previously used when creating the ipsec-proposal)

创建环回和虚拟模板接口

interface loopback 1
ip address 172.16.50.254 255.255.255.255        (This IP address is used for all of the Virtual-Access Interfaces spawned from the Virtual-Template)
nameif LOOP1

interface Virtual-Template 1 type tunnel
ip unnumbered LOOP1                                (Borrows the IP address specified in Loopback1 for all Virtual-Access Interfaces) 
nameif DVTI
tunnel source Interface OUTSIDE                    (Specifies the Interface that the tunnel terminates on, commonly used as the WAN Interface)
tunnel mode ipsec ipv4                             (Specifies that the mode uses ipsec, and uses ipv4)
tunnel protection ipsec profile NAME               (Reference the name of the previously created ipsec profile)

创建隧道组并通过IKEv2交换通告隧道接口IP

创建隧道组以指定隧道类型和身份验证方法。

tunnel-group DefaultL2LGroup ipsec-attributes             ('DefaultL2LGroup' is a default tunnel-group used for hub DVTI with pre-shared keys, this applied with the virtual template allows dynamic spoke connections)
virtual-template 1                                        (This command ties the Virtual-Template previously created to the tunnel-group to allow for proper authentication and connection)
ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key cisco123       (This specifies the remote authentication as a pre-shared-key with the key being cisco123)
ikev2 local-authentication pre-shared-key cisco123        (This specifies the local authentication as a pre-shared-key with the key being cisco123)
ikev2 route set Interface                                 (Advertises the VTI Interface IP over IKEv2 exchanges. Enables unicast reachability between VTI Interfaces for BGP or path monitoring to work over the tunnel)

在集线器ASA上配置EIGRP路由

router eigrp 100 
network 172.16.50.254 255.255.255.255         (Advertise the IP address of the Loopback used for the Virtual-Template. This is used to form an EIGRP neighborship via VTI connectivity) 

配置分支ASA上的接口

配置 WAN 接口.

interface g0/1
ip address 203.0.113.1 255.255.255.0
nameif OUTSIDE-SPOKE-1

配置LAN接口

interface g0/0
ip address 10.45.0.4 255.255.255.0
nameif INSIDE-SPOKE-1

配置一个环回接口。

interface loopback1
ip address 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.255
nameif Loop1

在分支ASA上配置IKEv2加密参数

创建与集线器上的参数匹配的IKEv2策略。

crypto ikev2 policy 1
encryption aes-256
integrity sha256
group 21         
prf sha256
lifetime 86400

创建与集线器上的参数匹配的IKEv2 IPsec提议。

crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal NAME           (Name is locally signicant, this does not need to match the hub device.)
protocol esp encryption aes-256
protocol esp integrity sha-256

创建包含IPsec建议的IPsec配置文件。

crypto ipsec profile NAME               (This name is locally significant and is referenced in the SVTI configuration.)
set ikev2 ipsec-proposal NAME           (This is the name previously used when creating the ipsec-proposal.)

在分支ASA上配置静态虚拟隧道接口

配置指向集线器的静态虚拟隧道接口。 分支设备配置到集线器的常规静态虚拟隧道接口，只有集线器需要虚拟模板。

interface tunnel1
ip unnumbered loopback1
nameif ASA-SPOKE-SVTI
tunnel destination  198.51.100.254          (Tunnel destination references the Hub ASA tunnel source. Commonly referred to as the WAN address.)
tunnel mode ipsec ipv4
tunnel protection ipsec profile NAME

创建隧道组并通过IKEv2交换通告隧道接口IP

tunnel-group 198.51.100.1 type ipsec-l2l                   (This specifies the connection type as ipsec-L2L (Lan-to-Lan), using the IKE ID of the hub device.)
tunnel-group 198.51.100.1 ipsec-attributes                 (Ipsec attributes allows you to make changes to the method of authentication and parameters used.)
ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key cisco123 
ikev2 local-authentication pre-shared-key cisco123
ikev2 route set Interface

在分支ASA上配置EIGRP路由

创建EIGRP自治系统并应用要通告的所需网络。

router eigrp 100
network 10.45.0.0 255.255.255.0        (Advertises the Host-A network to the hub. This allows the hub to notify connecting spokes how to reach this network.)
network 172.16.50.1 255.255.255.255    (Advertises and utilizes the tunnel IP address to form an EIGRP neighborship.)

配置分支路由器上的接口

interface g0/0
ip address 192.0.2.1 255.255.255.0
no shut

interface g0/1
ip address 10.12.0.2
no shut

interface loopback1
ip address 172.16.50.2 255.255.255.255

在分支路由器上配置IKEv2参数和AAA

创建IKEv2建议以匹配ASA上的第1阶段参数。

crypto ikev2 proposal NAME       (These parameters must match the ASA IKEv2 Policy.) 
encryption aes-cbc-256           (aes-cbc-256 is the same as the ASA aes-256. However, AES-GCM of any variant is not the same, 
                                  and is not a matching parameter with plain AES.)
integrity sha256
group 21

创建IKEv2策略以附加提议。

crypto ikev2 policy NAME
proposal NAME               (This is the name of the IKEv2 proposal created in the step ikev2.)

创建IKEv2授权策略。

crypto ikev2 authorization policy NAME   (IKEv2 authorization policy serves as a container of IKEv2 local AAA group authorization parameters.)
route set Interface

在设备上启用AAA。

aaa new-model 

创建AAA授权网络。

aaa authorization network NAME local    (Creates a name and method for aaa authorization that is referenced in the IKEv2 profile along with the IKEv2 authorization policy.)

创建包含IKE SA不可协商参数的存储库的IKEv2配置文件，例如本地或远程身份和身份验证方法。

crypto ikev2 profile NAME                           
match identity remote address  198.51.100.1    (Used to match the address of the Hub VTI source Interface, can also be 0.0.0.0 to match any peer address but this is not best practice.)
identity local address  192.0.2.1              (Defines the local IKE-ID of the router for this IKEv2 profile.)
authentication remote pre-share key cisco123
authentication local pre-share key cisco123
no config-exchange request                     (Applies to Cisco IOS, Cisco IOS-XE devices do this by default. This stops the device from sending IKEv2 config-exchange requests to the ASA, 
                                                which is unsupported on the ASA.)
aaa authorization group psk list NAME NAME     (Specifies an AAA method list and username for group. The first NAME is the aaa network name, the second NAME is the IKEv2 authorization policy.)

创建转换集以定义用于保护隧道流量的加密和散列参数。

crypto ipsec transform-set NAME esp aes 256 esp-sha256-hmac

创建用于容纳转换集和IKEv2配置文件的加密IPsec配置文件。

crypto ipsec profile NAME                  (Define the name of the ipsec-profile.)
set transform-set NAME                     (Reference the name of the created transform set.)
set ikev2-profile NAME                     (Reference the name of the created IKEv2 profile.)

在分支路由器上配置静态虚拟隧道接口

配置指向集线器的静态虚拟隧道接口。

interface tunnel1
ip unnumbered loopback1
tunnel source g0/0
tunnel mode ipsec ipv4
tunnel destination 198.51.100.1
tunnel protection ipsec profile NAME      (Reference the name of the created ipsec profile. This applies the IKEv2 
                                           and transform set parameters to the tunnel Interface.)

在分支路由器上配置EIGRP路由

创建EIGRP自治系统并应用要通告的所需网络。

router eigrp 100
network 172.16.50.2 0.0.0.0     (Routers advertise EIGRP networks with the wildcard mask. 
                                 This advertises the tunnel IP address to allow the device to form an EIGRP neighborship via the tunnel.)
network 10.12.0.0 0.0.0.255      (Advertises the Host-B network to the hub. This allows the hub to notify connecting spokes how to reach this network.

验证

使用本部分可确认配置能否正常运行。

ASA路由：

show run router

show eigrp topology

show eigrp neighbors

show route [eigrp]

ASA加密：

show run crypto ikev2

show run crypto ipsec

show run tunnel-group [NAME]

show crypto ikev2 sa

show crypto ipsec sa peer X.X.X.X

ASA虚拟模板和虚拟访问：

show run interface virtual-template # type tunnel

show interface virtual-access #

Cisco IOS路由：

show run | sec eigrp

show ip eigrp topology

show ip eigrp neighbors

show ip route

show ip route eigrp

Cisco IOS加密：

show run | sec cry

show crypto ikev2 sa

show crypto ipsec sa peer X.X.X.X

Cisco IOS隧道接口：

show run interface tunnel#

故障排除

本部分提供了可用于对配置进行故障排除的信息。

ASA调试：

debug crypto ikev2 platform 255

debug crypto ikev2 protocol 255

debug crypto ipsec 255

debug ip eigrp #

debug ip eigrp neighbor X.X.X.X

Cisco IOS调试：

debug crypto ikev2 

debug crypto ikev2 error

debug crypto ikev2 packet

debug crypto ikev2 internal 

debug crypto ipsec 

debug crypto ipsec error

debug ip eigrp # 

debug ip eigrp neighbor X.X.X.X

相关信息

• 思科技术支持和下载