使用Ansible配置FMC以创建FTD高可用性

简介

本文档介绍自动运行Firepower管理中心(FMC)以使用Ansible创建Firepower威胁防御(FTD)高可用性的步骤。

先决条件

要求

Cisco 建议您了解以下主题：

• Ansible
• Ubuntu服务器
• Cisco Firepower管理中心(FMC)虚拟
• Cisco Firepower威胁防御(FTD)虚拟

在这种实验室情况下，Ansible被部署在Ubuntu上。 

必须确保Ansible成功安装在Ansible支持的任何平台上，才能运行本文中引用的Ansible命令。

使用的组件

本文档中的信息基于以下软件和硬件版本：

• Ubuntu服务器22.04
• Ansible 2.10.8
• Python 3.10
• 思科Firepower威胁防御虚拟7.4.1
• 思科Firepower管理中心虚拟7.4.1

本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态，请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。

背景信息

Ansible是一个功能非常全面的工具，在管理网络设备时显示了显著的功效。通过Ansible，可以采用多种方法运行自动化任务。本文所采用的方法为试验提供了参考。

在本示例中，在成功运行攻略示例后创建其FTD高可用性和备用IP地址。

配置

网络图

拓扑

配置

由于思科不支持示例脚本或客户编写的脚本，我们提供了一些您可以根据需要进行测试的示例。 

步骤1: 通过SSH或控制台连接到Ansible服务器的CLI。

第二步：运行命令ansible-galaxy collection install cisco.fmcansible以在Ansible服务器上安装FMC的Ansible集合。 

cisco@inserthostname-here:~$ ansible-galaxy collection install cisco.fmcansible

第三步：运行命令mkdir /home/cisco/fmc_ansible以创建一个新文件夹来存储相关文件。在本示例中，主目录为/home/cisco/，新文件夹名称为fmc_ansible。

cisco@inserthostname-here:~$ mkdir /home/cisco/fmc_ansible

第四步： 导航到文件夹/home/cisco/fmc_ansible，创建资产文件。在本示例中，资产文件名为inventory.ini。

cisco@inserthostname-here:~$ cd /home/cisco/fmc_ansible/
ccisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ls
inventory.ini

您可以复制此内容并粘贴以备不时之需，并使用准确参数更改粗体部分。

[fmc]
10.0.5.11

[fmc:vars]
ansible_user=cisco
ansible_password=cisco
ansible_httpapi_port=443
ansible_httpapi_use_ssl=True
ansible_httpapi_validate_certs=False
network_type=HOST
ansible_network_os=cisco.fmcansible.fmc

第五步： 导航到文件夹/home/cisco/fmc_ansible，创建用于创建FTD HA的变量文件。在本示例中，变量文件名为fmc-create-ftd-ha-vars.yml。 

cisco@inserthostname-here:~$ cd /home/cisco/fmc_ansible/
ccisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ls
fmc-create-ftd-ha-vars.yml inventory.ini 

您可以复制此内容并粘贴以备不时之需，并使用准确参数更改粗体部分。

user: domain: 'Global' device_name: ftd1: 'FTDA' ftd2: 'FTDB' ftd_ha: name: 'FTD_HA' active_ip: '192.168.1.1' standby_ip: '192.168.1.2' key: cisco mask24: '255.255.255.0'

第六步： 导航到文件夹/home/cisco/fmc_ansible，创建用于创建FTD HA的攻略文件。在本示例中，手册文件名为fmc-create-ftd-ha-playbook.yaml。

cisco@inserthostname-here:~$ cd /home/cisco/fmc_ansible/
ccisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ls
fmc-create-ftd-ha-playbook.yaml fmc-create-ftd-ha-vars.yml inventory.ini

您可以复制此内容并粘贴以备不时之需，并使用准确参数更改粗体部分。

--- - name: FMC Create FTD HA hosts: fmc connection: httpapi tasks: - name: Task01 - Get User Domain cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: getAllDomain filters: name: "{{ user.domain }}" register_as: domain - name: Task02 - Get FTD1 cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: getAllDevice path_params: domainUUID: '{{ domain[0].uuid }}' filters: name: "{{ device_name.ftd1 }}" register_as: ftd1_list - name: Task03 - Get FTD2 cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: getAllDevice path_params: domainUUID: '{{ domain[0].uuid }}' filters: name: "{{ device_name.ftd2 }}" register_as: ftd2_list - name: Task04 - Get Physical Interfaces cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: getAllFTDPhysicalInterface path_params: containerUUID: '{{ ftd1_list[0].id }}' domainUUID: '{{ domain[0].uuid }}' register_as: primary_physical_interfaces - name: Task05 - Configure FTD HA cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: "createFTDHADeviceContainer" data: primary: {'id': '{{ ftd1_list[0].id }}'} secondary: {'id': '{{ ftd2_list[0].id }}'} name: "{{ ftd_ha.name }}" type: "DeviceHAPair" ftdHABootstrap: { 'isEncryptionEnabled': false, 'encKeyGenerationScheme': 'CUSTOM', 'sharedKey': "{{ ftd_ha.key }}", 'useSameLinkForFailovers': true, 'lanFailover': { 'useIPv6Address': false, 'subnetMask': "{{ ftd_ha.mask24 }}", 'interfaceObject': { 'id': '{{ primary_physical_interfaces[7].id }}', 'type': 'PhysicalInterface', 'name': 'GigabitEthernet0/7' }, 'standbyIP': "{{ ftd_ha.standby_ip }}", 'logicalName': 'LAN-INTERFACE', 'activeIP': "{{ ftd_ha.active_ip }}" }, 'statefulFailover': { 'useIPv6Address': false, 'subnetMask': "{{ ftd_ha.mask24 }}", 'interfaceObject': { 'id': '{{ primary_physical_interfaces[7].id }}', 'type': 'PhysicalInterface', 'name': 'GigabitEthernet0/7' }, 'standbyIP': "{{ ftd_ha.standby_ip }}", 'logicalName': 'STATEFUL-INTERFACE', 'activeIP': "{{ ftd_ha.active_ip }}" } } path_params: domainUUID: "{{ domain[0].uuid }}" - name: Task06 - Wait for FTD HA Ready ansible.builtin.wait_for: timeout: 360 delegate_to: localhost - name: Task07 - Get FTD HA object cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: "getAllFTDHADeviceContainer" path_params: domainUUID: "{{ domain[0].uuid }}" query_params: expanded: true register_as: ftd_ha_container delay: 15 - name: Task08 - Confirm Standby Ready Status cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: "getFTDHADeviceContainer" path_params: objectId: "{{ ftd_ha_container[0].id }}" domainUUID: "{{ domain[0].uuid }}" register_as: ha_status until: ha_status.metadata.secondaryStatus.currentStatus is match("Standby") retries: 1000 delay: 2

步骤 7. 导航到文件夹/home/cisco/fmc_ansible，run commandansible-playbook -i <inventory_name>.ini  <playbook_name>.yaml  -e@"<playbook_vars>.yml"以播放ansible任务。 

在本示例中，该命令是ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini fmc-create-ftd-ha-playbook.yaml -e@"fmc-create-ftd-ha-vars.yml"。 

cisco@inserthostname-here:~$ cd /home/cisco/fmc_ansible/
 ccisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ls fmc-create-ftd-ha-playbook.yaml fmc-create-ftd-ha-vars.yml inventory.ini cisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini fmc-create-ftd-ha-playbook.yaml -e@"fmc-create-ftd-ha-vars.yml" PLAY [FMC Create FTD HA] ***************************************************************************************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************************************* ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task01 - Get User Domain] ********************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task02 - Get FTD1] ***************************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task03 - Get FTD2] ***************************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task04 - Get Physical Interfaces] ************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task05 - Configure FTD HA] ********************************************************************************************************************************* changed: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task06 - Wait for FTD HA Ready] **************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task07 - Get FTD HA object] ******************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task08 - Confirm Standby Ready Status] ********************************************************************************************************************* ok: [10.0.5.11] PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************************************************************************************************* 10.0.5.11 : ok=9 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0 

步骤 8 导航到文件夹/home/cisco/fmc_ansible，创建用于更新FTD HA备用IP地址的变量文件。在本示例中，变量文件名为fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-vars.yml。 

cisco@inserthostname-here:~$ cd /home/cisco/fmc_ansible/
ccisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ls
fmc-create-ftd-ha-playbook.yaml fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-vars.yml fmc-create-ftd-ha-vars.yml inventory.ini

您可以复制此内容并粘贴以供使用，并使用准确参数更改粗体部分。

user: domain: 'Global' ftd_data: outside_name: 'Outside' inside_name: 'Inside' outside_ip: '10.1.1.1' inside_ip: '10.1.2.1' mask24: '255.255.255.0' ftd_ha: name: 'FTD_HA' outside_standby: '10.1.1.2' inside_standby: '10.1.2.2'

步骤 9 导航到文件夹/home/cisco/fmc_ansible，创建用于更新FTD HA备用IP地址的攻略文件。在本示例中，手册文件名为fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-playbook.yaml。

cisco@inserthostname-here:~$ cd /home/cisco/fmc_ansible/
ccisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ls
fmc-create-ftd-ha-playbook.yaml fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-playbook.yaml fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-vars.yml fmc-create-ftd-ha-vars.yml inventory.ini

您可以复制此内容并粘贴以备不时之需，并使用准确参数更改粗体部分。

--- - name: FMC Update FTD HA Interface Standby IP hosts: fmc connection: httpapi tasks: - name: Task01 - Get User Domain cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: getAllDomain filters: name: "{{ user.domain }}" register_as: domain - name: Task02 - Get FTD HA Object cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: "getAllFTDHADeviceContainer" path_params: domainUUID: "{{ domain[0].uuid }}" query_params: expanded: true register_as: ftd_ha_container - name: Task03 - Get Outside Interface cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: "getAllFTDHAMonitoredInterfaces" path_params: containerUUID: "{{ ftd_ha_container[0].id }}" domainUUID: "{{ domain[0].uuid }}" filters: name: "{{ ftd_data.outside_name }}" register_as: outside_interface - name: Task04 - Get Inside Interface cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: "getAllFTDHAMonitoredInterfaces" path_params: containerUUID: "{{ ftd_ha_container[0].id }}" domainUUID: "{{ domain[0].uuid }}" filters: name: "{{ ftd_data.inside_name }}" register_as: inside_interface - name: Task05 - Configure Standby IP-Outside cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: "updateFTDHAMonitoredInterfaces" data: id: "{{ outside_interface[0].id }}" name: "{{ outside_interface[0].name }}" ipv4Configuration: {'standbyIPv4Address': "{{ ftd_ha.outside_standby }}"} monitorForFailures: true path_params: objectId: "{{ outside_interface[0].id }}" containerUUID: "{{ ftd_ha_container[0].id }}" domainUUID: "{{ domain[0].uuid }}" - name: Task06 - Config Standby IP-Inside cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: "updateFTDHAMonitoredInterfaces" data: id: "{{ inside_interface[0].id }}" name: "{{ inside_interface[0].name }}" ipv4Configuration: {'standbyIPv4Address': "{{ ftd_ha.inside_standby }}"} monitorForFailures: true path_params: objectId: "{{ inside_interface[0].id }}" containerUUID: "{{ ftd_ha_container[0].id }}" domainUUID: "{{ domain[0].uuid }}" - name: Task07 - Get Deployable Devices cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: getDeployableDevice path_params: domainUUID: '{{ domain[0].uuid }}' query_params: expanded: true register_as: deploy_devices - name: Task08 - Start Deployment cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: createDeploymentRequest data: version: '{{ deploy_devices[0].version }}' deviceList: - '{{ deploy_devices[0].device.id }}' forceDeploy: True path_params: domainUUID: '{{ domain[0].uuid }}' register_as: deployment_job - name: Task09 - Wait for Deployment Complete ansible.builtin.wait_for: timeout: 240 delegate_to: localhost - name: Task10 - Poll Deployment Status Until Deployment Successful cisco.fmcansible.fmc_configuration: operation: getDeploymentDetail path_params: containerUUID: '{{ deploy_devices[0].device.id }}' domainUUID: '{{ domain[0].uuid }}' register_as: deployment_status until: deployment_status[0].status is match("SUCCEEDED") retries: 1000 delay: 3 - name: Task11 - Stop The Playbook If The Deployment Failed fail: msg: 'Deployment failed. Status: {{ deployment_status[0].status }}' when: deployment_status[0].status is not match("SUCCEEDED")

步骤 10 导航到文件夹/home/cisco/fmc_ansible，run commandansible-playbook -i <inventory_name>.ini  <playbook_name>.yaml  -e@"<playbook_vars>.yml"以播放ansible任务。 

在本示例中，该命令是ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-playbook.yaml -e@"fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-vars.yml"。 

cisco@inserthostname-here:~$ cd /home/cisco/fmc_ansible/
ccisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ls
fmc-create-ftd-ha-playbook.yaml fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-playbook.yaml fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-vars.yml fmc-create-ftd-ha-vars.yml inventory.ini

cisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-playbook.yaml -e@"fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-vars.yml" PLAY [FMC Update FTD HA Interface Standby IP] ******************************************************************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************************************* ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task01 - Get User Domain] ********************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task02 - Get FTD HA Object] ******************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task03 - Get Outside Interface] **************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task04 - Get Inside Interface] ***************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task05 - Configure Standby IP-Outside] ********************************************************************************************************************* changed: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task06 - Config Standby IP-Inside] ************************************************************************************************************************* changed: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task07 - Get Deployable Devices] *************************************************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task08 - Start Deployment] ********************************************************************************************************************************* changed: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task09 - Wait for Deployment Complete] ********************************************************************************************************************* ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task10 - Poll Deployment Status Until Deployment Successful] *********************************************************************************************** ok: [10.0.5.11] TASK [Task11 - Stop The Playbook If The Deployment Failed] ******************************************************************************************************* skipping: [10.0.5.11] PLAY RECAP ******************************************************************************************************************************************************* 10.0.5.11 : ok=11 changed=3 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=1 rescued=0 ignored=0 

验证

在运行ansible任务之前，请登录FMC GUI。导航到设备>设备管理，两个FTD在FMC上使用配置的访问控制策略成功注册。 

在运行Ansible任务之前

在运行ansible任务后，登录FMC GUI。导航到设备>设备管理，已成功创建FTD HA。

成功运行Ansible任务后

单击FTD HA的Edit，成功配置了故障切换IP地址和接口备用IP地址。

FTD高可用性详细信息

故障排除

本部分提供的信息可用于对配置进行故障排除。


要查看ansible攻略的更多日志，您可以使用-vvv运行ansible攻略。

cisco@inserthostname-here:~/fmc_ansible$ ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-playbook.yaml -e@"fmc-create-ftd-ha-standby-ip-vars.yml" -vvv 

相关信息

Cisco Devnet FMC Ansible