Nexus 3000/5000/7000使用Ethanalyzer工具
简介
本文档介绍如何在Nexus 3000/5000/7000交换机上使用内置数据包捕获工具Ethanalyzer。
先决条件
要求
本文档没有任何特定的要求。
使用的组件
本文档中的信息基于Nexus 3000、Nexus 5000和Nexus 7000交换机。
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始（默认）配置。如果您使用的是真实网络，请确保您已经了解所有命令的潜在影响。
Ethanalyzer
Ethanalyzer是排除控制平面和发往交换机CPU的流量故障的有用工具。Mgmt是用于排除命中mgmt0接口的数据包故障的接口。入站低(eth3)用于低优先级（ping、telnet、安全外壳）CPU绑定流量，入站高(eth4)用于高优先级(生成树协议(STP)、网桥协议数据单元、FIP)CPU绑定流量。
常用的显示过滤器可在Wireshark上找到
常用捕获过滤器可在Wireshark上找到
Nexus# ethanalyzer local interface inbound-low detail display-filter icmp
Capturing on eth3
Frame 16 (102 bytes on wire, 102 bytes captured)
Arrival Time: Sep 7, 2011 15:42:37.081178000
[Time delta from previous captured frame: 0.642560000 seconds]
[Time delta from previous displayed frame: 1315424557.081178000 seconds]
[Time since reference or first frame: 1315424557.081178000 seconds]
Frame Number: 16
Frame Length: 102 bytes
Capture Length: 102 bytes
[Frame is marked: False]
[Protocols in frame: eth:vlan:ip:icmp:data]
Ethernet II, Src: 00:0d:ec:a3:81:bc (00:0d:ec:a3:81:bc),
Dst: 00:05:73:ce:3c:7c (00:05:73:ce:3c:7c)
Destination: 00:05:73:ce:3c:7c (00:05:73:ce:3c:7c)
Address: 00:05:73:ce:3c:7c (00:05:73:ce:3c:7c)
.... ...0 .... .... .... .... = IG bit: Individual address (unicast)
.... ..0. .... .... .... .... = LG bit: Globally unique address(factory default)
Source: 00:0d:ec:a3:81:bc (00:0d:ec:a3:81:bc)
Address: 00:0d:ec:a3:81:bc (00:0d:ec:a3:81:bc)
.... ...0 .... .... .... .... = IG bit: Individual address (unicast)
.... ..0. .... .... .... .... = LG bit: Globally unique address(factory default)
Type: 802.1Q Virtual LAN (0x8100)
802.1Q Virtual LAN
000. .... .... .... = Priority: 0
...0 .... .... .... = CFI: 0
.... 0000 0011 1001 = ID: 57 <<----------
Type: IP (0x0800)
Internet Protocol, Src: 144.1.1.63 (144.1.1.63), Dst: 144.1.1.41 (144.1.1.41)
Version: 4
Header length: 20 bytes
Differentiated Services Field: 0x00 (DSCP 0x00: Default; ECN: 0x00)
0000 00.. = Differentiated Services Codepoint: Default (0x00)
.... ..0. = ECN-Capable Transport (ECT): 0
.... ...0 = ECN-CE: 0
Total Length: 84
Identification: 0x1118 (4376)
<snip>
如您所见，Ethanalyzer表示数据包是在VLAN 57（即内部VLAN）上收到的。但是，VLAN 57不是实际的VLAN，因为57不是十六进制。十六进制的57是0x0039。此命令确定十六进制的实际VLAN。
Nexus# show system internal fcfwd fwcvidmap cvid | grep 0x0039
0x0039 enet 0x01 0x0090 0100.0000.080a 0100.0000.0809
0x0039 fc 0x01 0x0090 0100.0000.0007 0100.0000.0006
0x0090是十六进制的实际VLAN。然后，您必须将数字转换为十进制，即144。此计算说明上一帧中的实际VLAN是VLAN 144，但Ethanalyzer表示是57。
以下示例使用VLAN的显示过滤器捕获FIP帧。(etype==0x8914)
Nexus# ethanalyzer local interface inbound-hi display-filter vlan.etype==0x8914
Capturing on eth4
2011-10-18 13:36:47.047492 00:c0:dd:15:d4:41 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
2011-10-18 13:36:48.313531 00:c0:dd:15:d0:95 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
2011-10-18 13:36:49.373483 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 -> 01:10:18:01:00:01 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
2011-10-18 13:36:49.373868 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 -> 01:10:18:01:00:01 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
2011-10-18 13:36:49.374131 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 -> 01:10:18:01:00:01 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
2011-10-18 13:36:49.374378 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 -> 01:10:18:01:00:01 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
2011-10-18 13:36:49.374618 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 -> 01:10:18:01:00:01 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
2011-10-18 13:36:49.374859 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 -> 01:10:18:01:00:01 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
2011-10-18 13:36:49.375098 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 -> 01:10:18:01:00:01 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
2011-10-18 13:36:49.375338 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 -> 01:10:18:01:00:01 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 56
10 packets captured
Program exited with status 0.
Nexus#
以下示例从特定CNA（与Po1311绑定的vFC1311）捕获FKA帧。 此配置使Ethanalyzer每八秒（即FKA计时器）从主机查看一次FKA。
Nexus# show flogi database
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INTERFACE VSAN FCID PORT NAME NODE NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
vfc15 200 0x1e0000 50:0a:09:81:89:4b:84:32 50:0a:09:80:89:4b:84:32
vfc16 200 0x1e0003 50:0a:09:81:99:4b:84:32 50:0a:09:80:89:4b:84:32
vfc17 200 0x1e0002 21:00:00:c0:dd:12:b9:b7 20:00:00:c0:dd:12:b9:b7
vfc18 200 0x1e0006 21:00:00:c0:dd:14:6a:73 20:00:00:c0:dd:14:6a:73
vfc19 200 0x1e0001 21:00:00:c0:dd:11:00:49 20:00:00:c0:dd:11:00:49
vfc20 200 0x1e0007 21:00:00:c0:dd:12:0e:37 20:00:00:c0:dd:12:0e:37
vfc23 200 0x1e0004 10:00:00:00:c9:85:2d:e5 20:00:00:00:c9:85:2d:e5
vfc1311 200 0x1e0008 10:00:00:00:c9:9d:23:73 20:00:00:00:c9:9d:23:73
Total number of flogi = 8.
Nexus# ethanalyzer local interface inbound-hi display-filter "eth.addr==
00:00:c9:9d:23:73 && vlan.etype==0x8914 && frame.len==60"limit-captured-frames 0
Capturing on eth4
2011-10-22 11:06:11.352329 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:06:19.352116 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:06:27.351897 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:06:35.351674 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:06:43.351455 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:06:51.351238 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:06:59.351016 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:07:07.350790 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:07:15.350571 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:07:23.350345 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:07:31.350116 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:07:39.349899 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:07:47.349674 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:07:55.349481 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:08:03.349181 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:08:11.348965 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:08:19.348706 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:08:27.348451 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
2011-10-22 11:08:35.348188 00:00:c9:9d:23:73 -> 00:0d:ec:a3:81:80 0x8914
PRI: 3 CFI: 0 ID: 24
52 packets dropped
Nexus# 19 packets captured
上一个捕获仅显示信头。您还可以打印详细信息包；但是，使用detail选项时，最好将捕获内容写入文件，然后使用Wireshark打开该文件。
Nexus# ethanalyzer local interface inbound-hi detail display-filter
vlan.etype==0x8914 write bootflash:flogi.pcap ?
<CR>
> Redirect it to a file
>> Redirect it to a file in append mode
display Display packets even when writing to a file
| Pipe command output to filter
以下是捕获LACP帧的示例：
Nexus# ethanalyzer local interface inbound-hi display-filter slow
Capturing on eth42011-12-05 12:00:08.472289 00:0d:ec:a3:81:92 -> 01:80:c2:00:00:02 LACP Link
Aggregation Control ProtocolVersion 1. Actor Port = 16651 Partner Port = 283
2011-12-05 12:00:16.944912 00:1d:a2:00:02:99 -> 01:80:c2:00:00:02 LACP Link
Aggregation Control ProtocolVersion 1. Actor Port = 283 Partner Port = 16651
2011-12-05 12:00:25.038588 00:22:55:77:e3:ad -> 01:80:c2:00:00:02 LACP Link
Aggregation Control ProtocolVersion 1. Actor Port = 16666 Partner Port = 16643
2011-12-05 12:00:25.394222 00:1b:54:c1:94:99 -> 01:80:c2:00:00:02 LACP Link
Aggregation Control ProtocolVersion 1. Actor Port = 282 Partner Port = 16644
2011-12-05 12:00:26.613525 00:0d:ec:8f:c9:ee -> 01:80:c2:00:00:02 LACP Link
Aggregation Control ProtocolVersion 1. Actor Port = 295 Partner Port = 295
2011-12-05 12:00:26.613623 00:0d:ec:8f:c9:ef -> 01:80:c2:00:00:02 LACP Link
Aggregation Control ProtocolVersion 1. Actor Port = 296 Partner Port = 296
以下示例捕获源于MAC地址为00:26:f0（通配符过滤器）的所有帧。
Nexus# ethanalyzer local interface inbound-hi display-filter
"eth.src[0:3]==00:26:f0" limit-captured-frames 0
Capturing on eth4
2012-06-20 16:37:22.721291 00:26:f0:05:00:00 -> 01:80:c2:00:00:00 STP Conf.
Root = 8192/d0:57:4c:b7:dc:00 Cost = 200 Port = 0x9004
2012-06-20 16:37:22.721340 00:26:f0:05:00:00 -> 01:00:0c:cc:cc:cd STP Conf.
Root = 8192/d0:57:4c:b7:dc:00 Cost = 200 Port = 0x9004
2012-06-20 16:37:22.721344 00:26:f0:05:00:00 -> 01:00:0c:cc:cc:cd STP Conf.
Root = 8192/d0:57:4c:b7:dc:00 Cost = 200 Port = 0x9004
2012-06-20 16:37:22.721348 00:26:f0:05:00:00 -> 01:00:0c:cc:cc:cd STP Conf.
Root = 8192/d0:57:4c:b7:dc:00 Cost = 200 Port = 0x9004
19 packets dropped
Nexus# 4 packets captured
确保您选择适当的CPU队列（Inbound-hi、inbound-lo或mgmt）。
以下是常见流量类型和队列：
- 入站 — 低 — SUP — 低(eth3)(通过交换机虚拟接口的地址解析协议(ARP)/IP、互联网组管理协议监听)
- 入站高 — SUP-high(eth4)(STP、FIP、以太网光纤通道(FCoE)、FC、思科发现协议、链路层发现协议/数据中心桥接功能交换协议、链路汇聚控制协议、单向链路检测)
- Mgmt — 带外（通过mgmt0接口的任何设备）
- FIP（交换矩阵登录、清除虚拟链路、FKA）：VLAN.etype==0x8914
- FCoE（端口登录，域名系统）：VLAN.etype==0x8906
以下是捕获FIP和FCoE的示例：
ethanalyzer local interface inbound-hi display-filter "vlan.etype==0x8914
|| vlan.etype==0x8906"
以下是一些ARP过滤器：
Nexus# ethanalyzer local interface inbound-low display-filter
arp.src.hw_mac==0013.8066.8ac2
Capturing on eth3
2012-07-12 21:23:54.643346 00:13:80:66:8a:c2 ->
ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff ARP Who has 172.18.121.59? Tell 172.18.121.1
NexusF340.24.10-5548-2# 1 packets captured
Nexus# ethanalyzer local interface inbound-low display-filter
arp.src.proto_ipv4==172.18.121.4
Capturing on eth3
2012-07-12 21:25:38.767772 00:05:73:ab:29:fc ->
ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff ARP Who has 172.18.121.1? Tell 172.18.121.4
修订历史记录
| 版本 | 发布日期 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
1.0 |
01-Jul-2013 |
初始版本 |
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