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本文档介绍配备运行 NX-OS 软件的 Cisco Scale ASIC 的 Cisco Nexus 9000 系列交换机上的排队和缓冲。
Cisco建议您了解共享介质网络上的以太网交换的基本信息以及这些网络中排队/缓冲的必要性。思科还建议您了解Cisco Nexus交换机上的服务质量(QoS)和缓冲基础知识。有关详细信息,请参阅以下文档:
本文档中的信息基于运行NX-OS软件版本9.3(8)的云规模ASIC的Cisco Nexus 9000系列交换机。
本文档中介绍的过程仅适用于此处显示的硬件。
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始(默认)配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态,请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。
本文档介绍配备运行NX-OS软件的Cisco Cloud Scale ASIC(特定应用集成电路)的Cisco Nexus 9000系列交换机上的排队和缓冲机制。本文档还介绍了此平台上的端口超订用的症状,如指示已超过缓冲区阈值的非零输出丢弃接口计数器和系统日志。
采用Cisco Cloud Scale ASIC的Cisco Nexus 9000系列交换机实施了“共享内存”出口缓冲区架构。ASIC分为一个或多个“片”。每个片都有自己的缓冲区,并且只有该片中的端口可以使用该缓冲区。在物理上,每个扇区被划分为“单元格”,这些单元格代表缓冲区的各个部分。片被划分为“池组”。为每个池组分配了特定数量的信元,并且这些信元不在单独的池组之间共享。每个池组有一个或多个“池”,代表单播或组播流量的服务类别(CoS)。这有助于每个池组保证池组所服务的流量类型的缓冲区资源。
此处的图像直观地演示了各种思科云规模ASIC模型如何分为多个切片。该图像还演示了如何通过信元为每个扇区分配一定量的缓冲区。
Nexus 9000系列交换机和Nexus 9500线卡的每个型号的内部具有不同数量的思科云规模ASIC,以及指示哪些前面板端口连接到哪个ASIC的不同布局。以下图像显示了使用N9K-X9736C-FX线卡和N9K-C9336C-FX2交换机的两个示例。
N9K-C9736C-FX线卡具有4个思科云扩展LS1800FX ASIC,每个ASIC一个片。在内部,每个ASIC都称为“单元”。每个扇区称为“实例”,并分配一个从零开始的整数,用于唯一标识机箱内的该扇区。这将导致如下所示的置换:
N9K-C9336C-FX2交换机有一个Cisco Cloud Scale LS3600FX2 ASIC,每个ASIC有两个片。在内部,每个ASIC都称为“单元”。每个扇区称为“实例”,并分配一个从零开始的整数,用于唯一标识机箱内的该扇区。这将导致如下所示的置换:
每个线卡和交换机具有不同的布局,并会生成不同的实例编号。要围绕带宽密集型流量来设计网络,您需要了解要使用的交换机或线卡布局。show interface hardware-mappings命令可用于将每个前面板端口与设备(ASIC)和扇区编号相关联。此处显示了一个示例,其中Nexus 9504交换机的接口Ethernet2/16与机箱插槽2中插入的N9K-X9736C-FX线卡映射到单元1,片0。
switch# show interface hardware-mappings Legends: SMod - Source Mod. 0 is N/A Unit - Unit on which port resides. N/A for port channels HPort - Hardware Port Number or Hardware Trunk Id: HName - Hardware port name. None means N/A FPort - Fabric facing port number. 255 means N/A NPort - Front panel port number VPort - Virtual Port Number. -1 means N/A Slice - Slice Number. N/A for BCM systems SPort - Port Number wrt Slice. N/A for BCM systems SrcId - Source Id Number. N/A for BCM systems MacIdx - Mac index. N/A for BCM systems MacSubPort - Mac sub port. N/A for BCM systems ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name Ifindex Smod Unit HPort FPort NPort VPort Slice SPort SrcId MacId MacSP VIF Block BlkSrcID ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth2/1 1a080000 5 0 16 255 0 -1 0 16 32 4 0 145 0 32 Eth2/2 1a080200 5 0 12 255 4 -1 0 12 24 3 0 149 0 24 Eth2/3 1a080400 5 0 8 255 8 -1 0 8 16 2 0 153 0 16 Eth2/4 1a080600 5 0 4 255 12 -1 0 4 8 1 0 157 0 8 Eth2/5 1a080800 5 0 0 255 16 -1 0 0 0 0 0 161 0 0 Eth2/6 1a080a00 5 0 56 255 20 -1 0 56 112 14 0 165 1 40 Eth2/7 1a080c00 5 0 52 255 24 -1 0 52 104 13 0 169 1 32 Eth2/8 1a080e00 6 1 16 255 28 -1 0 16 32 4 0 173 0 32 Eth2/9 1a081000 6 1 12 255 32 -1 0 12 24 3 0 177 0 24 Eth2/10 1a081200 6 1 8 255 36 -1 0 8 16 2 0 181 0 16 Eth2/11 1a081400 6 1 4 255 40 -1 0 4 8 1 0 185 0 8 Eth2/12 1a081600 6 1 0 255 44 -1 0 0 0 0 0 189 0 0 Eth2/13 1a081800 6 1 56 255 48 -1 0 56 112 14 0 193 1 40 Eth2/14 1a081a00 6 1 52 255 52 -1 0 52 104 13 0 197 1 32 Eth2/15 1a081c00 7 2 16 255 56 -1 0 16 32 4 0 201 0 32 Eth2/16 1a081e00 7 2 12 255 60 -1 0 12 24 3 0 205 0 24 Eth2/17 1a082000 7 2 8 255 64 -1 0 8 16 2 0 209 0 16 Eth2/18 1a082200 7 2 4 255 68 -1 0 4 8 1 0 213 0 8 Eth2/19 1a082400 7 2 0 255 72 -1 0 0 0 0 0 217 0 0 Eth2/20 1a082600 7 2 56 255 76 -1 0 56 112 14 0 221 1 40 Eth2/21 1a082800 7 2 52 255 80 -1 0 52 104 13 0 225 1 32 Eth2/22 1a082a00 8 3 16 255 84 -1 0 16 32 4 0 229 0 32 Eth2/23 1a082c00 8 3 12 255 88 -1 0 12 24 3 0 233 0 24 Eth2/24 1a082e00 8 3 8 255 92 -1 0 8 16 2 0 237 0 16 Eth2/25 1a083000 8 3 4 255 96 -1 0 4 8 1 0 241 0 8 Eth2/26 1a083200 8 3 0 255 100 -1 0 0 0 0 0 245 0 0 Eth2/27 1a083400 8 3 56 255 104 -1 0 56 112 14 0 249 1 40 Eth2/28 1a083600 8 3 52 255 108 -1 0 52 104 13 0 253 1 32 Eth2/29 1a083800 5 0 48 255 112 -1 0 48 96 12 0 257 1 24 Eth2/30 1a083a00 5 0 44 255 116 -1 0 44 88 11 0 261 1 16 Eth2/31 1a083c00 6 1 48 255 120 -1 0 48 96 12 0 265 1 24 Eth2/32 1a083e00 6 1 44 255 124 -1 0 44 88 11 0 269 1 16 Eth2/33 1a084000 7 2 48 255 128 -1 0 48 96 12 0 273 1 24 Eth2/34 1a084200 7 2 44 255 132 -1 0 44 88 11 0 277 1 16 Eth2/35 1a084400 8 3 48 255 136 -1 0 48 96 12 0 281 1 24 Eth2/36 1a084600 8 3 44 255 140 -1 0 44 88 11 0 285 1 16
在解释系统日志时,实例ID根据连续单元和片组合顺序进行计算。 例如,如果Nexus 9500模块或Nexus 9300 TOR(架顶式)有两个单元(ASIC)和每个单元两个片,则实例ID可以如下所示:
如果模块具有一个单元和4个片,则实例ID可以是:
连接到以太网络的接口一次只能传输一个数据包。当两个数据包需要同时出口一个以太网接口时,以太网接口将传输一个数据包,同时缓冲另一个数据包。一旦发送第一分组,以太网接口就从缓冲区发送第二分组。当需要导出的总流量时,如果接口超过接口带宽,则该接口将视为超订用。例如,如果总共有15Gbps的流量即时进入交换机并需要出口10Gbps接口,则10Gbps接口会超订用,因为它无法一次传输15Gbps的流量。
具有云规模ASIC的Cisco Nexus 9000系列交换机通过与出口接口相关联的ASIC分片的缓冲区中缓冲流量来处理此资源争用。如果需要出口接口的总流量超过接口带宽一段时间,ASIC分片的缓冲区将开始填满需要出口接口的数据包。
当ASIC分片的缓冲区达到90%的利用率时,交换机将生成类似于以下所示的系统日志:
%TAHUSD-SLOT2-4-BUFFER_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDED: Module 2 Instance 0 Pool-group buffer 90 percent threshold is exceeded!
当ASIC分片的缓冲区已满时,交换机会丢弃需要传出接口的任何额外流量,直到缓冲区中的空间变为空闲。当交换机丢弃此流量时,交换机会增大输出接口上的Output Discards计数器。
生成的syslog和non-zero Output Discards计数器都是超订用接口的症状。每个症状都会在下面的小节中详细介绍。
下面显示了BUFFER_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDED系统日志的示例。
%TAHUSD-SLOTX-4-BUFFER_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDED: Module X Instance Y Pool-group buffer Z percent threshold is exceeded!
此系统日志包含三个关键信息:
Output Discards接口计数器指示由于ASIC片缓冲区已满且无法接受新数据包,必须已离开接口但无法到达的已丢弃数据包的数量。Output Discards计数器可以在show interface和show interface counters errors的输出中看到,如下所示。
switch# show interface Ethernet1/1 Ethernet1/1 is up admin state is up, Dedicated Interface Hardware: 1000/10000/25000/40000/50000/100000 Ethernet, address: 7cad.4f6d.f6d8 (bia 7cad.4f6d.f6d8) MTU 1500 bytes, BW 40000000 Kbit , DLY 10 usec reliability 255/255, txload 232/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, medium is broadcast Port mode is trunk full-duplex, 40 Gb/s, media type is 40G Beacon is turned off Auto-Negotiation is turned on FEC mode is Auto Input flow-control is off, output flow-control is off Auto-mdix is turned off Rate mode is dedicated Switchport monitor is off EtherType is 0x8100 EEE (efficient-ethernet) : n/a admin fec state is auto, oper fec state is off Last link flapped 03:16:50 Last clearing of "show interface" counters never 3 interface resets Load-Interval #1: 30 seconds 30 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 30 seconds output rate 36503585488 bits/sec, 3033870 packets/sec input rate 0 bps, 0 pps; output rate 36.50 Gbps, 3.03 Mpps Load-Interval #2: 5 minute (300 seconds) 300 seconds input rate 32 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 300 seconds output rate 39094683384 bits/sec, 3249159 packets/sec input rate 32 bps, 0 pps; output rate 39.09 Gbps, 3.25 Mpps RX 0 unicast packets 208 multicast packets 9 broadcast packets 217 input packets 50912 bytes 0 jumbo packets 0 storm suppression bytes 0 runts 0 giants 0 CRC 0 no buffer 0 input error 0 short frame 0 overrun 0 underrun 0 ignored 0 watchdog 0 bad etype drop 0 bad proto drop 0 if down drop 0 input with dribble 0 input discard 0 Rx pause TX 38298127762 unicast packets 6118 multicast packets 0 broadcast packets 38298133880 output packets 57600384931480 bytes 0 jumbo packets 0 output error 0 collision 0 deferred 0 late collision 0 lost carrier 0 no carrier 0 babble 57443534227 output discard <<< Output discards due to oversubcription 0 Tx pause switch# show interface Ethernet1/1 counters errors -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Port Align-Err FCS-Err Xmit-Err Rcv-Err UnderSize OutDiscards -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth1/1 0 0 0 0 0 57443534227 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Port Single-Col Multi-Col Late-Col Exces-Col Carri-Sen Runts -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth1/1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Port Giants SQETest-Err Deferred-Tx IntMacTx-Er IntMacRx-Er Symbol-Err -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth1/1 0 -- 0 0 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Port InDiscards -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth1/1 0
假设两个IXIA流量生成器之间的流量通过两个N9K-X9736C-FX线卡插入机箱插槽1和2的Nexus 9504交换机。100Gbps流量通过100Gbps接口Ethernet1/1进入交换机,需要出口40Gbps接口Ethernet2/2。因此,Ethernet2/2超订用。此场景的拓扑如下所示。
由于Nexus 9000云扩展ASIC使用共享内存出口缓冲区架构,您必须检查出口接口Ethernet2/2的缓冲区以查看拥塞。在本示例中,插入插槽2中的板卡是出口板卡,因此您必须使用attach module 2命令,才能使用show hardware internal tah buffer counters命令查看内部硬件缓冲区。请注意,Unit 0、Slice 0 pool-group和关联池的非零“Occupancy drops”计数器表示由于池组缓冲区已完全被占用而丢弃的数据包数。
switch# attach module 2
module-2# show hardware internal tah buffer counters Unit: 0 Slice: 0 ==================== |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Output Pool-Group drops | | Drop-PG No-drop CPU--PG LCPU-PG RCPU-PG SPAN-PG | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Occupancy drops 51152554987 0 0 0 0 0 | AQM drops 0 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Output UC Pool counters | | Pool 0 Pool 1 Pool 2 Pool 3 Pool 4 Pool 5 Pool 6 Pool 7 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Dynamic Threshold (cells) 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 | Occupancy drops 51152555398 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | AQM drops 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Output MC Pool counters | | Pool 0 Pool 1 Pool 2 Pool 3 Pool 4 Pool 5 Pool 6 Pool 7 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Dynamic Threshold (cells) 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 | Dynamic Threshold (desc) 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 | Dynamic Threshold (inq thr) 64035 64035 64035 64035 64035 64035 64035 64035 | Occupancy drops 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+---------+| | Additional counters | |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+---------+| MEM cell drop reason : 0 MEM descriptor drop reason : 0 OPG cell drop reason : 0 OPG descriptor drop reason : 0 OPG CPU cell drop reason : 0 OPG CPU descriptor drop reason : 0 OPG SPAN cell drop reason : 0 OPG SPAN descriptor drop reason : 0 OPOOL cell drop reason : 0 OPOOL descriptor drop reason : 0 UC OQUEUE cell drop reason : 51152556479 MC OQUEUE cell drop reason : 27573307 OQUEUE descriptor drop reason : 0 MC OPOOL cell drop reason : 0 FWD DROP : 15 SOD : 0 BMM BP : 0 No Drop : 0 Packets received : 87480806439 TRUNC MTU : 0 TRUNK BMM BP : 0 VOQFC messages sent : 0 SOD messages sent : 0 SPAN desciptor drop : 0 Unit: 1 Slice: 0 ==================== |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Output Pool-Group drops | | Drop-PG No-drop CPU--PG LCPU-PG RCPU-PG SPAN-PG | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Occupancy drops 0 0 0 0 0 0 | AQM drops 0 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Output UC Pool counters | | Pool 0 Pool 1 Pool 2 Pool 3 Pool 4 Pool 5 Pool 6 Pool 7 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Dynamic Threshold (cells) 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 | Occupancy drops 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | AQM drops 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Output MC Pool counters | | Pool 0 Pool 1 Pool 2 Pool 3 Pool 4 Pool 5 Pool 6 Pool 7 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Dynamic Threshold (cells) 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 | Dynamic Threshold (desc) 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 93554 | Dynamic Threshold (inq thr) 64035 64035 64035 64035 64035 64035 64035 64035 | Occupancy drops 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+---------+| | Additional counters | |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+---------+| MEM cell drop reason : 0 MEM descriptor drop reason : 0 OPG cell drop reason : 0 OPG descriptor drop reason : 0 OPG CPU cell drop reason : 0 OPG CPU descriptor drop reason : 0 OPG SPAN cell drop reason : 0 OPG SPAN descriptor drop reason : 0 OPOOL cell drop reason : 0 OPOOL descriptor drop reason : 0 UC OQUEUE cell drop reason : 0 MC OQUEUE cell drop reason : 0 OQUEUE descriptor drop reason : 0 MC OPOOL cell drop reason : 0 FWD DROP : 8 SOD : 0 BMM BP : 0 No Drop : 0 Packets received : 45981341 TRUNC MTU : 0 TRUNK BMM BP : 0 VOQFC messages sent : 0 SOD messages sent : 0 SPAN desciptor drop : 0
每个ASIC单元/扇区元组通过称为“实例”的唯一标识表示。show hardware internal buffer info pkt-stats命令的输出显示有关每个实例的拥塞池组(缩写为“PG”)的详细信息。该命令还显示缓冲区中已使用的信元的历史峰值/最大数量。最后,该命令显示带有缓冲流量的端口的云扩展ASIC端口标识符的即时快照。此命令示例如下所示。
switch# attach module 2
module-2# show hardware internal buffer info pkt-stats Instance 0 ============ |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Output Pool-Group Buffer Utilization (cells/desc) | | Drop-PG No-drop CPU--PG LCPU-PG RCPU-PG SPAN-PG | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Total Instant Usage (cells) 59992 0 0 0 0 0 | Remaining Instant Usage (cells) 33562 0 1500 250 1500 1500 | Peak/Max Cells Used 90415 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A | Switch Cells Count 93554 0 1500 250 1500 1500 | Total Instant Usage (desc) 0 0 0 0 0 0 | Remaining Instant Usage (desc) 93554 0 1500 250 1500 1500 | Switch Desc Count 93554 0 1500 250 1500 1500 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Output UC Pool Buffer Utilization (cells/desc) | | Pool 0 Pool 1 Pool 2 Pool 3 Pool 4 Pool 5 Pool 6 Pool 7 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Total Instant Usage (cells) 60027 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | Total Instant Usage (desc) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | Peak/Max Cells Used 62047 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Output MC Pool Buffer Utilization (cells/desc) | | Pool 0 Pool 1 Pool 2 Pool 3 Pool 4 Pool 5 Pool 6 Pool 7 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Total Instant Usage (cells) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | Total Instant Usage (desc) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | Total Instant Usage (inq cells) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | Total Instant Usage (packets) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | Peak/Max Cells Used 60399 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | |--------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Instant Buffer utilization per queue per port | | Each line displays the number of cells/desc utilized for a given | | port for each QoS queue | | One cell represents approximately 416 bytes | |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+---------+| |ASIC Port Q7 Q6 Q5 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1 Q0 | |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+---------+| [12] <<< ASIC Port 12 in Unit 0 Instance 0 is likely the congested egress interface UC-> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 59988 | MC cells-> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | MC desc-> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 |
另请参阅命令的峰值变化。使用此命令将系统日志与特定池组、池或端口中的潜在峰值相关联。
switch# show hardware internal buffer info pkt-stats peak slot 1 ======= Instance 0 ============ |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+| | Pool-Group Peak counters | |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+| Drop PG : 0 No-drop PG : 0 |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+| | Pool Peak counters | |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+| MC Pool 0 : 0 MC Pool 1 : 0 MC Pool 2 : 0 MC Pool 3 : 0 MC Pool 4 : 0 MC Pool 5 : 0 MC Pool 6 : 0 MC Pool 7 : 0 UC Pool 0 : 0 UC Pool 1 : 0 UC Pool 2 : 0 UC Pool 3 : 0 UC Pool 4 : 0 UC Pool 5 : 0 UC Pool 6 : 0 UC Pool 7 : 0 |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+| | Port Peak counters | | classes mapped to count_0: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | classes mapped to count_1: None |--------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+| [0] <<< ASIC Port. This can be checked via "show hardware interface-mappings" count_0 : 0 count_1 : 0 [1] count_0 : 0 count_1 : 0
show interface hardware-mappings命令可用于将Cloud Scale ASIC端口标识符转换为前面板端口。在上述示例中,与片/实例0上的ASIC单元0关联的ASIC端口12(由show interface hardware-mappings输出中的SPort列表示)有59,988个占用的信元,每个信元为416个字节。此处显示了show interface hardware-mappings命令的示例,该命令将此接口映射到前面板端口Ethernet2/2。
switch# show interface hardware-mappings Legends: SMod - Source Mod. 0 is N/A Unit - Unit on which port resides. N/A for port channels HPort - Hardware Port Number or Hardware Trunk Id: HName - Hardware port name. None means N/A FPort - Fabric facing port number. 255 means N/A NPort - Front panel port number VPort - Virtual Port Number. -1 means N/A Slice - Slice Number. N/A for BCM systems SPort - Port Number wrt Slice. N/A for BCM systems SrcId - Source Id Number. N/A for BCM systems MacIdx - Mac index. N/A for BCM systems MacSubPort - Mac sub port. N/A for BCM systems ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name Ifindex Smod Unit HPortFPort NPort VPort Slice SPort SrcId MacId MacSP VIF Block BlkSrcID ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth2/2 1a080200 5 0 12 255 4 -1 0 12 24 3 0 149 0 24
我们可以使用show queuing interface命令来进一步将接口Ethernet2/2的超订用与QoS排队丢包相关联。这里显示一个示例。
switch# show queuing interface Ethernet2/2 Egress Queuing for Ethernet2/2 [System] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ QoS-Group# Bandwidth% PrioLevel Shape QLimit Min Max Units ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 - 1 - - - 9(D) 6 0 - - - - 9(D) 5 0 - - - - 9(D) 4 0 - - - - 9(D) 3 0 - - - - 9(D) 2 0 - - - - 9(D) 1 0 - - - - 9(D) 0 100 - - - - 9(D) +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | QOS GROUP 0 | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 35593332351| 18407162| | Tx Byts | 53532371857088| 27684371648| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Pkts | 53390604466| 27573307| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Byts | 80299469116864| 110293228| | Q Depth Byts | 24961664| 0| | WD & Tail Drop Pkts | 53390604466| 27573307| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | QOS GROUP 1 | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 0| 0| | Tx Byts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Byts | 0| 0| | Q Depth Byts | 0| 0| | WD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | QOS GROUP 2 | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 0| 0| | Tx Byts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Byts | 0| 0| | Q Depth Byts | 0| 0| | WD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | QOS GROUP 3 | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 0| 0| | Tx Byts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Byts | 0| 0| | Q Depth Byts | 0| 0| | WD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | QOS GROUP 4 | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 0| 0| | Tx Byts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Byts | 0| 0| | Q Depth Byts | 0| 0| | WD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | QOS GROUP 5 | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 0| 0| | Tx Byts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Byts | 0| 0| | Q Depth Byts | 0| 0| | WD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | QOS GROUP 6 | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 0| 0| | Tx Byts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Byts | 0| 0| | Q Depth Byts | 0| 0| | WD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | QOS GROUP 7 | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 0| 0| | Tx Byts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| | WRED/AFD & Tail Drop Byts | 0| 0| | Q Depth Byts | 0| 0| | WD & Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | CONTROL QOS GROUP | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 5704| 0| | Tx Byts | 725030| 0| | Tail Drop Pkts | 0| 0| | Tail Drop Byts | 0| 0| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | SPAN QOS GROUP | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | | Unicast |Multicast | +-------------------------------------------------------------+ | Tx Pkts | 0| 0| | Tx Byts | 0| 0| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ Per Slice Egress SPAN Statistics --------------------------------------------------------------- SPAN Copies Tail Drop Pkts 0 SPAN Input Queue Drop Pkts 0 SPAN Copies/Transit Tail Drop Pkts 0 SPAN Input Desc Drop Pkts 0
最后,您可以使用show interface命令验证输出接口Ethernet2/2是否具有非零输出丢弃计数器。这里显示一个示例。
switch# show interface Ethernet2/2 Ethernet2/2 is up admin state is up, Dedicated Interface Hardware: 1000/10000/25000/40000/50000/100000 Ethernet, address: 7cad.4f6d.f6d8 (bia 7cad.4f6d.f6d8) MTU 1500 bytes, BW 40000000 Kbit , DLY 10 usec reliability 255/255, txload 232/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, medium is broadcast Port mode is trunk full-duplex, 40 Gb/s, media type is 40G Beacon is turned off Auto-Negotiation is turned on FEC mode is Auto Input flow-control is off, output flow-control is off Auto-mdix is turned off Rate mode is dedicated Switchport monitor is off EtherType is 0x8100 EEE (efficient-ethernet) : n/a admin fec state is auto, oper fec state is off Last link flapped 03:16:50 Last clearing of "show interface" counters never 3 interface resets Load-Interval #1: 30 seconds 30 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 30 seconds output rate 36503585488 bits/sec, 3033870 packets/sec input rate 0 bps, 0 pps; output rate 36.50 Gbps, 3.03 Mpps Load-Interval #2: 5 minute (300 seconds) 300 seconds input rate 32 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 300 seconds output rate 39094683384 bits/sec, 3249159 packets/sec input rate 32 bps, 0 pps; output rate 39.09 Gbps, 3.25 Mpps RX 0 unicast packets 208 multicast packets 9 broadcast packets 217 input packets 50912 bytes 0 jumbo packets 0 storm suppression bytes 0 runts 0 giants 0 CRC 0 no buffer 0 input error 0 short frame 0 overrun 0 underrun 0 ignored 0 watchdog 0 bad etype drop 0 bad proto drop 0 if down drop 0 input with dribble 0 input discard 0 Rx pause TX 38298127762 unicast packets 6118 multicast packets 0 broadcast packets 38298133880 output packets 57600384931480 bytes 0 jumbo packets 0 output error 0 collision 0 deferred 0 late collision 0 lost carrier 0 no carrier 0 babble 57443534227 output discard <<< Output discards due to oversubcription 0 Tx pause
如果您观察到具有云扩展ASIC的Nexus 9000系列交换机上的输出丢弃,可以使用以下一种或多种方法解决该问题:
本文档的此部分包含有关遇到BUFFER_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDED系统日志、网络拥塞/超订用场景和递增输出丢弃接口计数器时采取的后续步骤的其他信息。
您可以修改系统缓冲区状态轮询间隔,该间隔控制系统轮询ASIC片缓冲区的当前利用率的频率。使用hardware profile buffer info poll-interval全局配置命令可完成此操作。默认配置值为5,000毫秒。可以全局修改此配置,也可以基于每个模块修改此配置。此处显示此配置命令的一个示例,其中将其修改为值1,000毫秒。
switch# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. switch(config)# hardware profile buffer info poll-interval timer 1000 switch(config)# end switch# show running-config | include hardware.profile.buffer hardware profile buffer info poll-interval timer 1000 switch#
您可以修改端口出口缓冲区使用阈值,该值控制系统生成BUFFER_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDED系统日志何时表明已超过ASIC片缓冲区利用率配置的阈值。使用hardware profile buffer info port-threshold全局配置命令可完成此操作。默认配置值为90%。可以全局修改此配置,也可以基于每个模块修改此配置。此处显示此配置命令的一个示例,其中该值被修改为80%。
switch# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. switch(config)# hardware profile buffer info port-threshold threshold 80 switch(config)# end switch# show running-config | include hardware.profile.buffer hardware profile buffer info port-threshold threshold 80 switch#
您可以修改交换机生成的BUFFER_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDED系统日志之间的最小间隔。您还可以彻底禁用BUFFER_THRESHOLD_EXCEEDED系统日志。使用hardware profile buffer info syslog-interval timer全局配置命令可完成此操作。默认配置值为120秒。通过将值设置为0秒,可以完全禁用系统日志。此处显示此配置命令的一个示例,其中系统日志已完全禁用。
switch# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. switch(config)# hardware profile buffer info syslog-interval timer 0 switch(config)# end switch# show running-config | include hardware.profile.buffer hardware profile buffer info syslog-interval timer 0 switch#
除了本文档中列出的命令外,您还可以从受网络拥塞影响的交换机收集此处显示的日志,以识别拥塞的出口接口。
如果在非常短的间隔(微突发)内发生拥塞或超额订阅,则需要其他信息来准确描述超额订阅对交换机的影响。
配备Cisco Cloud Scale ASIC的Cisco Nexus 9000系列交换机可以监控微爆发流量,这种微爆发可能导致临时网络拥塞和您的环境中的流量丢失。有关微爆发以及如何配置此功能的详细信息,请参阅此处显示的文档:
版本 | 发布日期 | 备注 |
---|---|---|
6.0 |
09-Nov-2023 |
Update(更新) |
5.0 |
04-Oct-2023 |
重新认证 |
3.0 |
21-Jan-2022 |
在文档中添加“后续步骤”部分。 |
2.0 |
03-Oct-2021 |
更新适用硬件部分以包括新硬件。 |
1.0 |
31-Aug-2021 |
初始版本 |