简介
本文档介绍在客户端设备(CPE)尝试重新建立无线承载时意外分配的IP更改。
先决条件
要求
Cisco 建议您了解以下主题:
- 长期演进(LTE)
- 通用分组无线业务(GPRS)
- 地面无线电接入网络(E-UTRAN)
使用的组件
本文档不限于特定的软件和硬件版本。
本文档中的信息都是基于特定实验室环境中的设备编写的。本文档中使用的所有设备最初均采用原始(默认)配置。如果您的网络处于活动状态,请确保您了解所有命令的潜在影响。
背景信息
在这种情况下,CPE是为提供固定LTE(家庭宽带)服务而部署的调制解调器。但是,本文中描述的信息和场景也适用于移动电话。
问题
每次CPE尝试重新建立无线承载时,MME会发送一个创建会话请求,该请求的EPS承载ID(EBI)与之前建立的不同。这导致PGW分配的CPE IP发生更改。
执行的分析
已分析呼叫流
1.围绕UEContextReleaseRequest,一旦释放特定CPE的MME和eNodeB之间的信令连接,MME将删除任何eNodeB相关信息(用于S1-MME的eNodeB地址、MME UE S1 AP ID和eNB UE S1AP ID)。但是,保留其余的CPE MME情景;包括S-GW S1-U配置信息(地址和TEID)。
Frame 74 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.30.50.36 10.125.230.100 S1AP UEContextReleaseRequest [RadioNetwork-cause=user-inactivity]
Frame 75 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 Release Access Bearers Request
Frame 77 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.125.231.105 10.125.231.104 GTPv2 Release Access Bearers Response
Frame 79 2022-05-31 08:48:14.867 10.125.230.100 10.30.50.36 S1AP UEContextReleaseCommand [RadioNetwork-cause=user-inactivity]
目前,根据3GPP TS 23.401、5.3.5 S1的发布程序:
-
All non-GBR EPS bearers established for the UE are preserved in the MME and in the Serving GW
-
If the cause of the S1 release is because of User Inactivity, Inter-RAT Redirection, the MME shall preserve the GBR bearers.
这两种说法都意味着CPE仍然建立了PDN连接,并在网络中注册(默认承载仍存在于MME、SGW和PGW中;仅释放了无线电资源)。由于CPE仍在网络中注册,但由于其S1连接处于非活动状态,因此该CPE没有可用的无线电资源。这意味着CPE处于EMM-REGISTERED,但ECM-IDLE状态。
2.基于3GPP TS 23.401,当处于EMM-REGISTERED和ECM-IDLE状态的CPE有要发送的新流量但没有可用的无线电资源时,它必须发送服务请求过程。通过发送服务请求消息,S1连接已重新建立,但PGW分配的EBI和IP未修改。
3GPP TS 23.401 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access
ECM-IDLE
[…]
In the EMM-REGISTERED and ECM-IDLE state, the UE shall:
- answer to paging from the MME by performing a service request procedure.
[…]
- perform the service request procedure in order to establish the radio bearers when uplink user data is to be sent.
摘自3GPP TS 23.401
在这种情况下,当CPE需要再次建立无线电承载时,它会发送附加请求而不是服务请求消息:
Frame 74 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.30.50.36 10.125.230.100 S1AP UEContextReleaseRequest [RadioNetwork-cause=user-inactivity]
Frame 75 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 Release Access Bearers Request
Frame 77 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.125.231.105 10.125.231.104 GTPv2 Release Access Bearers Response
Frame 79 2022-05-31 08:48:14.867 10.125.230.100 10.30.50.36 S1AP UEContextReleaseCommand [RadioNetwork-cause=user-inactivity]
Frame 80 2022-05-31 08:48:21.813 10.30.50.36 10.125.230.100 S1AP/NAS-EPS InitialUEMessage, Attach request, PDN connectivity request
3.考虑描述E-UTRAN初始连接的3GPP TS 23.401:
摘自3GPP TS 23.401
E-UTRAN Initial Attach
[…]
7. If there are active bearer contexts in the new MME for this particular UE (i.e. the UE re-attaches to the same MME without having properly detached before), the new MME deletes these bearer contexts by sending Delete Session Request (LBI) messages to the GWs involved.
The GWs acknowledge with Delete Session Response (Cause) message. If a PCRF is deployed, the PDN GW employs an IP-CAN Session Termination procedure to indicate that resources have been released.
由于MME收到来自eNB的意外连接请求,它通过向SGW和PGW发送Delete Session Request消息来删除之前建立的默认承载(在帧74中的UEContextReleaseRequest期间,仅释放了无线电资源,在此之后仍建立了PDN连接)。GW通过删除会话响应消息确认:
Frame 87 2022-05-31 08:48:22.108 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 EBI=10 Delete Session Request
Frame 89 2022-05-31 08:48:22.108 10.125.232.106 10.125.232.107 GTPv2 EBI=10 Delete Session Request
Frame 91 2022-05-31 08:48:22.109 10.125.232.107 10.125.232.106 GTPv2 Delete Session Response
Frame 93 2022-05-31 08:48:22.110 10.125.231.105 10.125.231.104 GTPv2 Delete Session Response
4.根据E-UTRAN初始连接过程,在处理删除会话请求/响应后,MME向SGW发送创建会话请求,分配新的EBI,PGW为此新的EBI向CPE分配不同的IP:
Frame 87 2022-05-31 08:48:22.108 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 EBI=10 Delete Session Request
Frame 89 2022-05-31 08:48:22.108 10.125.232.106 10.125.232.107 GTPv2 EBI=10 Delete Session Request
Frame 91 2022-05-31 08:48:22.109 10.125.232.107 10.125.232.106 GTPv2 Delete Session Response
Frame 93 2022-05-31 08:48:22.110 10.125.231.105 10.125.231.104 GTPv2 Delete Session Response
Frame 95 2022-05-31 08:48:22.112 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 EBI=9 Create Session Request
Frame 97 2022-05-31 08:48:22.114 10.125.232.106 10.125.232.107 GTPv2 EBI=9 Create Session Request
Frame 100 2022-05-31 13:48:22.121 10.125.232.107 10.125.232.106 GTPv2 EBI=9 Create Session Response/Create Bearer Request
PDN Address and Prefix(IPv4): 10.62.135.145
解决方案
CPE的行为不符合3GPP标准。由于eNB因用户不活动而启动S1释放过程,因此,当CPE尝试重新建立无线电承载时,必须发送服务请求消息。但是,CPE会改为发送附加请求。
当UE连接到PDN时会建立默认承载,并在PDN连接的整个生存期内保持建立,以向UE提供到该PDN的始终在线连接。当CPE发送新的连接请求时,MME通过发送删除会话请求来符合3GPP TS 23.401规范,该规范终止PDN连接;因此,EBI=10的默认承载将被删除。当MME发送新的Create Session Request时,可以使用与之前分配的不同EBI和IP(例如,EBI=9和IP 10.62.135.145)来分配新的默认承载。