如何解碼DOCSIS證書以進行數據機停滯狀態診斷

簡介

本檔案介紹解碼DOCSIS憑證的步驟，以診斷纜線資料機在纜線資料機終端系統(CMTS)上為什麼停留在拒絕(pk)或w-reject(pk)狀態。

  

背景資訊

在某些情況下，數據機最終會處於reject(pk)狀態。這可能是由特定條件所造成，例如在CM憑證中，CM頒發者與CA使用者名稱不相符。

例如： 

SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Got Issuer 0^A^A1^K0 ^F^CU^D^F^S^BTW1^\0^Z^F^CU^D
^S^SHitron Technologies1^O0
^F^CU^D^K^S^FDOCSIS1C0A^F^CU^D^C^S:Hitron Technologies Cable Modem Root Certificate Authority from Certificate.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Got a new Invalid CM cert from a84e.3fdd.84c4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: CA Cert Subject does not match CM Cert Issuer
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: BPI+ CM Cert Dump:

SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Failed CM Issuer not found. CMTS sent AUTH reject.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Sending KEK REJECT.  Reason Code:6 Reason:16
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: BPI Authorization Reject Packet: a84e.3fdd.84c4

此輸出沒有清楚地顯示問題的根本原因。

本文可用來產生可讀憑證（可透過Mac上的openssl或KeyChain開啟），以便識別不相符的情況。

需求

思科建議您瞭解以下主題：

• DOCSIS中的基本線路隱私(BPI)
• 纜線資料機終端系統(CMTS) 

提示：為了更好地瞭解DOCSIS中的基線隱私，建議閱讀Cisco CMTS文章中的DOCSIS 1.0基線隱私。

採用元件

本文件所述內容不限於特定軟體和硬體版本。

本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除（預設）的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中，請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。

解碼過程

任務1.收集日誌 

在CMTS上，為了獲得證書十六進位制轉儲，需要啟用日誌。鍵入這些命令。

debug cable mac-address 
     
     
       ver debug cable privacy debug cable privacy tlvs debug cable privacy auth-req debug cable privacy auth-rep debug cable privacy auth-rej debug cable privacy auth-info debug cable privacy ca-cert debug cable bpi 
     

Telnet至線卡並從CMTS上的LINECARD收集日誌。

CMTS#telnet 127.0.0.XY
Trying 127.0.0.XY ... Open

clc_X_Y>en
clc_X_Y#
clc_X_Y#show log

您可以得到與這個類似的輸出。 

SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: BPI+ Manufacturer Cert Dump: a84e.3fdd.84c4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: CA Certificate Dump:
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0000: 30 82 03 22 30 82 02 0A A0 03 02 01 02 02 10 43
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0010: 64 B5 50 E8 ED 7E E5 57 14 5A C0 A2 67 52 EC 30
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0020: 0D 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 01 05 05 00 30 6F
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0030: 31 0B 30 09 06 03 55 04 06 13 02 42 45 31 1F 30
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0040: 1D 06 03 55 04 0A 13 16 74 43 6F 6D 4C 61 62 73
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0050: 20 2D 20 45 75 72 6F 2D 44 4F 43 53 49 53 31 15
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0060: 30 13 06 03 55 04 0B 13 0C 43 61 62 6C 65 20 4D
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0070: 6F 64 65 6D 73 31 28 30 26 06 03 55 04 03 13 1F
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0080: 45 75 72 6F 2D 44 4F 43 53 49 53 20 43 61 62 6C
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0090: 65 20 4D 6F 64 65 6D 20 52 6F 6F 74 20 43 41 30
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x00A0: 1E 17 0D 30 34 30 38 31 33 30 30 30 30 30 30 5A
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x00B0: 17 0D 32 34 30 38 31 32 32 33 35 39 35 39 5A 30
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x00C0: 81 86 31 0B 30 09 06 03 55 04 06 13 02 54 57 31
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x00D0: 1C 30 1A 06 03 55 04 0A 13 13 48 69 74 72 6F 6E
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x00E0: 20 54 65 63 68 6E 6F 6C 6F 67 69 65 73 31 14 30
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x00F0: 12 06 03 55 04 0B 13 0B 45 75 72 6F 2D 44 4F 43
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0100: 53 49 53 31 43 30 41 06 03 55 04 03 13 3A 48 69
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0110: 74 72 6F 6E 20 54 65 63 68 6E 6F 6C 6F 67 69 65
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0120: 73 20 43 61 62 6C 65 20 4D 6F 64 65 6D 20 52 6F
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0130: 6F 74 20 43 65 72 74 69 66 69 63 61 74 65 20 41
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0140: 75 74 68 6F 72 69 74 79 30 81 9F 30 0D 06 09 2A
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0150: 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 01 01 05 00 03 81 8D 00 30 81
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0160: 89 02 81 81 00 B8 47 DA 9D F1 F6 30 1B 8E 79 BE
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0170: BE 10 C3 2D 9F 7D D6 C7 B2 50 16 AB 85 5C 1C 8C
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0180: 9E 6B F7 15 60 B2 53 F4 2F 6D 49 0C 2C 3E 76 88
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x0190: 8A 8A 23 6B 25 47 61 AE B9 DF A8 A7 8C 4D 51 FB
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x01A0: E6 C2 0F D9 C7 27 DD F7 D8 CC F0 D8 70 F8 75 75
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x01B0: F3 D8 B7 80 C2 36 B0 53 02 A4 E9 84 02 5F 66 AE
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x01C0: E7 59 9A 17 4A A0 B1 B4 BA F3 3B 63 C4 75 05 11
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x01D0: 40 F1 EB B3 C8 A0 E8 AD 6E 1B 59 CC 41 20 F8 94
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x01E0: B3 94 23 A2 99 02 03 01 00 01 A3 26 30 24 30 12
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.260 CET: 0x01F0: 06 03 55 1D 13 01 01 FF 04 08 30 06 01 01 FF 02
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0200: 01 00 30 0E 06 03 55 1D 0F 01 01 FF 04 04 03 02
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0210: 01 06 30 0D 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 01 05 05
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0220: 00 03 82 01 01 00 09 DB 24 B9 46 76 D7 D0 9F 70
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0230: 86 59 ED 7F 9B AC 96 FD AE 19 DD B3 51 3B A5 C0
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0240: 98 DA 80 2B 53 26 42 FA 6A 11 9F 6D 16 6F 76 F8
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0250: 9A F3 81 53 E8 DB EF 22 DF AC 3F 57 78 0E 70 78
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0260: 07 30 1D FF 19 70 34 E5 7A 52 47 99 B0 EE 7F EA
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0270: 23 99 DF CB 72 FF 0D BE AB 68 20 9F 16 C0 7C 69
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0280: 88 2D 00 6A AF 4B FF 93 A5 07 D3 F2 A8 F9 5B C4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0290: DD 9F BF 49 36 C4 12 8A 64 C8 35 41 BB E2 B9 9B
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x02A0: 52 45 67 38 DC 92 55 E3 33 A4 70 68 FC E7 6E 54
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x02B0: 96 CA 89 B4 65 8B 2C AA 58 24 FC 4D 68 D7 84 4E
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x02C0: 36 3B B3 CA 9A 42 13 B1 FF 8C 66 D8 52 10 56 74
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x02D0: C7 DD 58 C3 EE 9D E3 65 E6 C1 5D B9 75 C2 A8 C9
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x02E0: 54 5B A1 85 38 3B E1 E1 DC 55 5D 3E DD 90 ED F8
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x02F0: 3A B0 68 93 E9 4A C2 D4 7F DC 90 E3 86 E2 CF C3
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0300: F2 A3 92 84 B3 A3 9A F8 71 30 F8 24 71 C2 07 BD
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0310: E8 6C 3C F7 FC 82 08 86 84 84 1B C4 D8 97 D3 50
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: 0x0320: 59 72 2D D5 4C 0B
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: Found existing manufacturer certificate for a84e.3fdd.84c4 with subject cn=Hitron Technologies Cable Modem Root Certificate Authority,ou=Euro-DOCSIS,o=Hitron Technologies,c=TW
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: BPI:  setting a84e.3fdd.84c4 caidx:3

SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET:  Mfg serial no. from a84e.3fdd.84c4 certificate: 4364B550E8ED7EE557145AC0A26752EC
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: Finger print of a84e.3fdd.84c4 manufacturer certificate matched.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.264 CET: cr10k_clc_snmp_bpiplus_broadcast_cert() CA idx:3 state:Chained rowStatus:Active prov:0 len:1078 idx:3 state:Chained rowState:Active prov:0 learn:1 idx:3
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET: BPI: Sent CA Cert to RP successfully.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET: Success in validating AUTH Info message from a84e.3fdd.84c4.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET: CMTS Received AUTH REQ from a84e.3fdd.84c4.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET: BPI Authorization Request Packet: a84e.3fdd.84c4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET: BPKM Attributes: a84e.3fdd.84c4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:  Found COMPOUND CM Identification (length = 173):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:  Found Serial Number (length = 12):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     32353331 36433030  38303433
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:  Found Manufacturer ID (length = 3):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     0050F1
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:  Found MAC Address (length = 6):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     A84E3FDD 84C4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:  Found RSA Public Key (length = 140):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     30818902 818100B0  D4F2B649 87FCE340
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     B21FB1E0 8CFE04DD  DB3D05D5 34170886
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     7623EE25 4E4A61FC  6D134830 55F402CF
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     89B11B34 867B3EF7  D9FE6CBE 8B4C251F
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     DA5A2E47 D65C2120  8EFC72E2 238D5443
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     786F151A A7FE6C21  371957DD 3FEB8435
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     8AA1B7A2 181DAF7A  4F7DD4E9 128D953C
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     146B77F4 51A9F868  5D1A253F A9590AC0
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     F69D24DF 2B84C102  03010001
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:  Found CM Certificate (length = 652):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     30820288 308201F1  A0030201 02020C41
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     38344533 46444438  34433430 0D06092A
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     864886F7 0D010105  05003081 81310B30
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     09060355 04061302  5457311C 301A0603
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     55040A13 13486974  726F6E20 54656368
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     6E6F6C6F 67696573  310F300D 06035504
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     0B130644 4F435349  53314330 41060355
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     0403133A 48697472  6F6E2054 6563686E
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     6F6C6F67 69657320  4361626C 65204D6F
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     64656D20 526F6F74  20436572 74696669
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     63617465 20417574  686F7269 7479301E
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     170D3137 30313031  30303030 30305A17
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     0D333631 32323832  33353935 395A3081
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     86310B30 09060355  04061302 5457311C
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     301A0603 55040A13  13486974 726F6E20
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     54656368 6E6F6C6F  67696573 313D303B
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     06035504 0B13344E  6F2E2034 302C2057
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     752D6B75 6E672035  74682052 642E2C20
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     57752D6B 752C2054  61697065 69204873
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     69656E2C 20546169  77616E31 1A301806
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     03550403 13114138  3A34453A 33463A44
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     443A3834 3A433430  819F300D 06092A86
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     4886F70D 01010105  0003818D 00308189
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     02818100 B0D4F2B6  4987FCE3 40B21FB1
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     E08CFE04 DDDB3D05  D5341708 867623EE
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     254E4A61 FC6D1348  3055F402 CF89B11B
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     34867B3E F7D9FE6C  BE8B4C25 1FDA5A2E
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     47D65C21 208EFC72  E2238D54 43786F15
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     1AA7FE6C 21371957  DD3FEB84 358AA1B7
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     A2181DAF 7A4F7DD4  E9128D95 3C146B77
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     F451A9F8 685D1A25  3FA9590A C0F69D24
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     DF2B84C1 02030100  01300D06 092A8648
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     86F70D01 01050500  03818100 08DFC2DA
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     8C3ECCDA 98289410  E1B8657A 9A3F220D
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     AE368029 0E89923F  0DF09E06 8142BAB7
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     E8A6D5B3 6D7604FF  6A07A8B8 409D0B0B
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     6D568AF4 F9395199  AB54126C E9C22F1B
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     6390543A 3B67EFB8  FCF0E755 F642E1E0
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     273A3853 F4DDBFF1  391E63CE 8BB7BBC0
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.268 CET:     8AFC59FC 767C3FA5  A5EB255C 8878F4AB
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET:     63665AA9 CDCF779A  3DFE0C4C
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET:  Found COMPOUND SA Capabilities (length = 13):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET:  Found Crypto Suite List (length = 6):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET:     01000200 0300
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET:  Found BPI Version (length = 1):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET:     01
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET:  Found SAID (length = 2):
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET:     0000
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: END BPKM Attributes: a84e.3fdd.84c4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Get a CM Certificate.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Cable5/0/12: Auth-Req contains 1 SID(s).
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Cable5/0/12: AuthReq with NULL SAID - D3.0 modem.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: EAE_BPI_REQ:  DISABLE a84e.3fdd.84c4 - OK
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: BPI_AES:  Encryption priority is: aes128-des56-des40.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: BPI_AES:  AES is a candidate.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: BPI Crypto Algorithm: sid:0 cfg_mod:1, cm_cap:0x7, assigned:3 aes_support:1
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: CMTS generated AUTH_KEY.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: CMTS received 0 as primary SAID - D3.0
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET:  CM state:2050 MAC:a84e.3fdd.84c4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Parsed/Matched MAC Address:a84e.3fdd.84c4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Got Issuer 0^A^A1^K0 ^F^CU^D^F^S^BTW1^\0^Z^F^CU^D
^S^SHitron Technologies1^O0
^F^CU^D^K^S^FDOCSIS1C0A^F^CU^D^C^S:Hitron Technologies Cable Modem Root Certificate Authority from Certificate.
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: Got a new Invalid CM cert from a84e.3fdd.84c4
SLOT 5/0: May 10 10:13:48.272 CET: CA Cert Subject does not match CM Cert Issuer

您可以在這些日誌中看到，有兩個獨立的十六進位制轉儲。

1. CA證書的十六進位制轉儲。它以粗體CA Certificate Dump中的一行開頭：.
2. CM證書的十六進位制轉儲。它以粗體Found CM Certificate(length = 652)行開頭。

任務2.清理證書

為了正確處理證書轉儲，需要刪除所有額外資訊並僅保留十六進位制轉儲值。

注意：證書轉儲中的大小寫（上/下）和空格與此進程無關。

提示：一種快速而簡單的移除所有行標頭的方法（插槽編號、時間戳等）是在文本編輯器中保留ALT鍵，如Superlime或Notepad++。

CA證書轉儲的示例。

30 82 03 22 30 82 02 0A A0 03 02 01 02 02 10 43
64 B5 50 E8 ED 7E E5 57 14 5A C0 A2 67 52 EC 30
0D 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 01 05 05 00 30 6F
31 0B 30 09 06 03 55 04 06 13 02 42 45 31 1F 30
1D 06 03 55 04 0A 13 16 74 43 6F 6D 4C 61 62 73
20 2D 20 45 75 72 6F 2D 44 4F 43 53 49 53 31 15
30 13 06 03 55 04 0B 13 0C 43 61 62 6C 65 20 4D
6F 64 65 6D 73 31 28 30 26 06 03 55 04 03 13 1F
45 75 72 6F 2D 44 4F 43 53 49 53 20 43 61 62 6C
65 20 4D 6F 64 65 6D 20 52 6F 6F 74 20 43 41 30
1E 17 0D 30 34 30 38 31 33 30 30 30 30 30 30 5A
17 0D 32 34 30 38 31 32 32 33 35 39 35 39 5A 30
81 86 31 0B 30 09 06 03 55 04 06 13 02 54 57 31
1C 30 1A 06 03 55 04 0A 13 13 48 69 74 72 6F 6E
20 54 65 63 68 6E 6F 6C 6F 67 69 65 73 31 14 30
12 06 03 55 04 0B 13 0B 45 75 72 6F 2D 44 4F 43
53 49 53 31 43 30 41 06 03 55 04 03 13 3A 48 69
74 72 6F 6E 20 54 65 63 68 6E 6F 6C 6F 67 69 65
73 20 43 61 62 6C 65 20 4D 6F 64 65 6D 20 52 6F
6F 74 20 43 65 72 74 69 66 69 63 61 74 65 20 41
75 74 68 6F 72 69 74 79 30 81 9F 30 0D 06 09 2A
86 48 86 F7 0D 01 01 01 05 00 03 81 8D 00 30 81
89 02 81 81 00 B8 47 DA 9D F1 F6 30 1B 8E 79 BE
BE 10 C3 2D 9F 7D D6 C7 B2 50 16 AB 85 5C 1C 8C
9E 6B F7 15 60 B2 53 F4 2F 6D 49 0C 2C 3E 76 88
8A 8A 23 6B 25 47 61 AE B9 DF A8 A7 8C 4D 51 FB
E6 C2 0F D9 C7 27 DD F7 D8 CC F0 D8 70 F8 75 75
F3 D8 B7 80 C2 36 B0 53 02 A4 E9 84 02 5F 66 AE
E7 59 9A 17 4A A0 B1 B4 BA F3 3B 63 C4 75 05 11
40 F1 EB B3 C8 A0 E8 AD 6E 1B 59 CC 41 20 F8 94
B3 94 23 A2 99 02 03 01 00 01 A3 26 30 24 30 12
06 03 55 1D 13 01 01 FF 04 08 30 06 01 01 FF 02
01 00 30 0E 06 03 55 1D 0F 01 01 FF 04 04 03 02
01 06 30 0D 06 09 2A 86 48 86 F7 0D 01 01 05 05
00 03 82 01 01 00 09 DB 24 B9 46 76 D7 D0 9F 70
86 59 ED 7F 9B AC 96 FD AE 19 DD B3 51 3B A5 C0
98 DA 80 2B 53 26 42 FA 6A 11 9F 6D 16 6F 76 F8
9A F3 81 53 E8 DB EF 22 DF AC 3F 57 78 0E 70 78
07 30 1D FF 19 70 34 E5 7A 52 47 99 B0 EE 7F EA
23 99 DF CB 72 FF 0D BE AB 68 20 9F 16 C0 7C 69
88 2D 00 6A AF 4B FF 93 A5 07 D3 F2 A8 F9 5B C4
DD 9F BF 49 36 C4 12 8A 64 C8 35 41 BB E2 B9 9B
52 45 67 38 DC 92 55 E3 33 A4 70 68 FC E7 6E 54
96 CA 89 B4 65 8B 2C AA 58 24 FC 4D 68 D7 84 4E
36 3B B3 CA 9A 42 13 B1 FF 8C 66 D8 52 10 56 74
C7 DD 58 C3 EE 9D E3 65 E6 C1 5D B9 75 C2 A8 C9
54 5B A1 85 38 3B E1 E1 DC 55 5D 3E DD 90 ED F8
3A B0 68 93 E9 4A C2 D4 7F DC 90 E3 86 E2 CF C3
F2 A3 92 84 B3 A3 9A F8 71 30 F8 24 71 C2 07 BD
E8 6C 3C F7 FC 82 08 86 84 84 1B C4 D8 97 D3 50
59 72 2D D5 4C 0B

使用名稱cacert.txt儲存此檔案。

CM證書轉儲的示例。 

30820288 308201F1 A0030201 02020C41
38344533 46444438 34433430 0D06092A
864886F7 0D010105 05003081 81310B30
09060355 04061302 5457311C 301A0603
55040A13 13486974 726F6E20 54656368
6E6F6C6F 67696573 310F300D 06035504
0B130644 4F435349 53314330 41060355
0403133A 48697472 6F6E2054 6563686E
6F6C6F67 69657320 4361626C 65204D6F
64656D20 526F6F74 20436572 74696669
63617465 20417574 686F7269 7479301E
170D3137 30313031 30303030 30305A17
0D333631 32323832 33353935 395A3081
86310B30 09060355 04061302 5457311C
301A0603 55040A13 13486974 726F6E20
54656368 6E6F6C6F 67696573 313D303B
06035504 0B13344E 6F2E2034 302C2057
752D6B75 6E672035 74682052 642E2C20
57752D6B 752C2054 61697065 69204873
69656E2C 20546169 77616E31 1A301806
03550403 13114138 3A34453A 33463A44
443A3834 3A433430 819F300D 06092A86
4886F70D 01010105 0003818D 00308189
02818100 B0D4F2B6 4987FCE3 40B21FB1
E08CFE04 DDDB3D05 D5341708 867623EE
254E4A61 FC6D1348 3055F402 CF89B11B
34867B3E F7D9FE6C BE8B4C25 1FDA5A2E
47D65C21 208EFC72 E2238D54 43786F15
1AA7FE6C 21371957 DD3FEB84 358AA1B7
A2181DAF 7A4F7DD4 E9128D95 3C146B77
F451A9F8 685D1A25 3FA9590A C0F69D24
DF2B84C1 02030100 01300D06 092A8648
86F70D01 01050500 03818100 08DFC2DA
8C3ECCDA 98289410 E1B8657A 9A3F220D
AE368029 0E89923F 0DF09E06 8142BAB7
E8A6D5B3 6D7604FF 6A07A8B8 409D0B0B
6D568AF4 F9395199 AB54126C E9C22F1B
6390543A 3B67EFB8 FCF0E755 F642E1E0
273A3853 F4DDBFF1 391E63CE 8BB7BBC0
8AFC59FC 767C3FA5 A5EB255C 8878F4AB
63665AA9 CDCF779A 3DFE0C4C

使用名稱cmcert.txt儲存此檔案。

任務3.為xd實用程式準備檔案

XXD是一種Linux/Mac實用程式，可將十六進位制轉儲轉換為二進位制檔案，反之亦然。XXD需要十六進位制資料具有特定的行標頭才能工作。使用以下python指令碼新增必要的標頭： 

  

TVANEGRO-M-N1QP:Desktop tvanegro$ cat addoffset.py
import fileinput
import sys

i = 0
for line in fileinput.input():
 line=line.replace(" ", "")
 print("%06x: %s" % (i,line.strip()))
 i = i+int(len(line.strip())/2)

任務4.將證書從十六進位制轉儲轉換為二進位制格式

運行此命令可轉換CA證書。 

 python3.5 addoffset.py cacert.txt | xxd -r > cacert.crt

運行此命令可轉換CM證書。

 python3.5 addoffset.py cmcert.txt | xxd -r > cmcert.crt

現在，可以檢查這些生成的CRT檔案是否不匹配。

任務5.審查證書 

若要讀取檔案，請使用Openssl或Keychain公用程式。 

用於CA證書的openssl實用程式的示例。

TVANEGRO-M-N1QP:Desktop tvanegro$ openssl x509 -inform der -in cacert.crt -noout -text
Certificate:
 Data:
 Version: 3 (0x2)
 Serial Number:
 43:64:b5:50:e8:ed:7e:e5:57:14:5a:c0:a2:67:52:ec
 Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
 Issuer: C=BE, O=tComLabs - Euro-DOCSIS, OU=Cable Modems, CN=Euro-DOCSIS Cable Modem Root CA
 Validity
 Not Before: Aug 13 00:00:00 2004 GMT
 Not After : Aug 12 23:59:59 2024 GMT
 Subject: C=TW, O=Hitron Technologies, OU=Euro-DOCSIS, CN=Hitron Technologies Cable Modem Root Certificate Authority
 Subject Public Key Info:
 Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
 RSA Public Key: (1024 bit)
 Modulus (1024 bit):
 00:b8:47:da:9d:f1:f6:30:1b:8e:79:be:be:10:c3:
 2d:9f:7d:d6:c7:b2:50:16:ab:85:5c:1c:8c:9e:6b:
 f7:15:60:b2:53:f4:2f:6d:49:0c:2c:3e:76:88:8a:
 8a:23:6b:25:47:61:ae:b9:df:a8:a7:8c:4d:51:fb:
 e6:c2:0f:d9:c7:27:dd:f7:d8:cc:f0:d8:70:f8:75:
 75:f3:d8:b7:80:c2:36:b0:53:02:a4:e9:84:02:5f:
 66:ae:e7:59:9a:17:4a:a0:b1:b4:ba:f3:3b:63:c4:
 75:05:11:40:f1:eb:b3:c8:a0:e8:ad:6e:1b:59:cc:
 41:20:f8:94:b3:94:23:a2:99
 Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
 X509v3 extensions:
 X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
 CA:TRUE, pathlen:0
 X509v3 Key Usage: critical
 Certificate Sign, CRL Sign
 Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
 09:db:24:b9:46:76:d7:d0:9f:70:86:59:ed:7f:9b:ac:96:fd:
 ae:19:dd:b3:51:3b:a5:c0:98:da:80:2b:53:26:42:fa:6a:11:
 9f:6d:16:6f:76:f8:9a:f3:81:53:e8:db:ef:22:df:ac:3f:57:
 78:0e:70:78:07:30:1d:ff:19:70:34:e5:7a:52:47:99:b0:ee:
 7f:ea:23:99:df:cb:72:ff:0d:be:ab:68:20:9f:16:c0:7c:69:
 88:2d:00:6a:af:4b:ff:93:a5:07:d3:f2:a8:f9:5b:c4:dd:9f:
 bf:49:36:c4:12:8a:64:c8:35:41:bb:e2:b9:9b:52:45:67:38:
 dc:92:55:e3:33:a4:70:68:fc:e7:6e:54:96:ca:89:b4:65:8b:
 2c:aa:58:24:fc:4d:68:d7:84:4e:36:3b:b3:ca:9a:42:13:b1:
 ff:8c:66:d8:52:10:56:74:c7:dd:58:c3:ee:9d:e3:65:e6:c1:
 5d:b9:75:c2:a8:c9:54:5b:a1:85:38:3b:e1:e1:dc:55:5d:3e:
 dd:90:ed:f8:3a:b0:68:93:e9:4a:c2:d4:7f:dc:90:e3:86:e2:
 cf:c3:f2:a3:92:84:b3:a3:9a:f8:71:30:f8:24:71:c2:07:bd:
 e8:6c:3c:f7:fc:82:08:86:84:84:1b:c4:d8:97:d3:50:59:72:
 2d:d5:4c:0b

用於CM證書的openssl實用程式的示例。

TVANEGRO-M-N1QP:Desktop tvanegro$ openssl x509 -inform der -in cmcert.crt -noout -text
Certificate:
 Data:
 Version: 3 (0x2)
 Serial Number:
 41:38:34:45:33:46:44:44:38:34:43:34
 Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
 Issuer: C=TW, O=Hitron Technologies, OU=DOCSIS, CN=Hitron Technologies Cable Modem Root Certificate Authority
 Validity
 Not Before: Jan 1 00:00:00 2017 GMT
 Not After : Dec 28 23:59:59 2036 GMT
 Subject: C=TW, O=Hitron Technologies, OU=No. 40, Wu-kung 5th Rd., Wu-ku, Taipei Hsien, Taiwan, CN=A8:4E:3F:DD:84:C4
 Subject Public Key Info:
 Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
 RSA Public Key: (1024 bit)
 Modulus (1024 bit):
 00:b0:d4:f2:b6:49:87:fc:e3:40:b2:1f:b1:e0:8c:
 fe:04:dd:db:3d:05:d5:34:17:08:86:76:23:ee:25:
 4e:4a:61:fc:6d:13:48:30:55:f4:02:cf:89:b1:1b:
 34:86:7b:3e:f7:d9:fe:6c:be:8b:4c:25:1f:da:5a:
 2e:47:d6:5c:21:20:8e:fc:72:e2:23:8d:54:43:78:
 6f:15:1a:a7:fe:6c:21:37:19:57:dd:3f:eb:84:35:
 8a:a1:b7:a2:18:1d:af:7a:4f:7d:d4:e9:12:8d:95:
 3c:14:6b:77:f4:51:a9:f8:68:5d:1a:25:3f:a9:59:
 0a:c0:f6:9d:24:df:2b:84:c1
 Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
 Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
 08:df:c2:da:8c:3e:cc:da:98:28:94:10:e1:b8:65:7a:9a:3f:
 22:0d:ae:36:80:29:0e:89:92:3f:0d:f0:9e:06:81:42:ba:b7:
 e8:a6:d5:b3:6d:76:04:ff:6a:07:a8:b8:40:9d:0b:0b:6d:56:
 8a:f4:f9:39:51:99:ab:54:12:6c:e9:c2:2f:1b:63:90:54:3a:
 3b:67:ef:b8:fc:f0:e7:55:f6:42:e1:e0:27:3a:38:53:f4:dd:
 bf:f1:39:1e:63:ce:8b:b7:bb:c0:8a:fc:59:fc:76:7c:3f:a5:
 a5:eb:25:5c:88:78:f4:ab:63:66:5a:a9:cd:cf:77:9a:3d:fe:
 0c:4c

您可以看到OU=(Organizational Unit)欄位不匹配。在以下範例中，您看到DOCSIS和Euro-DOCSIS。這是CMTS拒絕憑證的原因。

  

您可以在Mac OS中使用Keychain工具檢視證書。