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本檔案介紹以具備地域模式備援的高可用性(HA)中安裝Prime纜線布建6.1.5。
思科建議您瞭解以下主題:
本文中的資訊係根據以下軟體和硬體版本:
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
1. LVM在兩個伺服器上為LVBPRHOME、LVBPRDATA和LVBPRDBLOG建立卷。
2.準備Linux 7.4伺服器,以便在兩台伺服器上部署RDU HA。
3.在Geo冗餘模式下安裝RDU伺服器
4. Geo冗餘部署的第3層路由必備條件。
此圖針對輔助伺服器完成。在主伺服器上也需要完成相同的過程。
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00025a26
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 31211519 14556160 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-root: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes, 8388608 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-swap: 8455 MB, 8455716864 bytes, 16515072 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-home: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00025a26
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 31211519 14556160 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
First sector (31211520-209715199, default 31211520):
Using default value 31211520
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (31211520-209715199, default 209715199):
Using default value 209715199
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 85.1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00025a26
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 31211519 14556160 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 31211520 209715199 89251840 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
應該出現此錯誤消息。您需要重新載入Linux機器以使新更改生效。
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 4.0G 946M 3.1G 24% /
devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 8.6M 3.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/rhel-home 2.0G 33M 2.0G 2% /home
tmpfs 781M 0 781M 0% /run/user/0
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00025a26
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 31211519 14556160 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 31211520 209715199 89251840 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-root: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes, 8388608 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-swap: 8455 MB, 8455716864 bytes, 16515072 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-home: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
此Linux LVM建立是RDU伺服器安裝的先決條件。
1.<prime Cable Provisioning安裝目錄的邏輯卷> — 安裝在/bprHome目錄中。例如LVBPRHOME。
2.<prime Cable Provisioning data directory的邏輯卷> — 裝載在/bprData目錄中。例如, LVBPRDATA
3.<prime Cable Provisioning log directory的邏輯卷> — 安裝在/bprLog目錄中。例如,LVBPRDBLOG
例如: 此過程是為分配了3 GB磁碟空間的BPRHOME、15 GB磁碟空間的BPRDATA和5 GB磁碟空間的BPRDBLOG建立邏輯卷。您需要根據分配選擇要擴展的磁碟空間。
vgcreate <vg_name> <pvname>
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# vgcreate rdusecondary /dev/sda3
lvcreate -L <valuein GB> -n <logicalvolumename> <volumegroupname>
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# lvcreate -L +3GB -n LVBPRHOME rdusecondary
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# lvcreate -L +15GB -n LVBPRDATA rdusecondary
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# lvcreate -L +5GB -n LVBPRDBLOG rdusecondary
bprHome — 安裝應用程式路徑(預設目錄 — /opt/CSCObac)
bprData — 安裝資料路徑。(預設目錄 — /var/CSCObac)
bprLog — 安裝日誌路徑。(預設目錄 — /var/CSCObac)
mkfs.xfs /dev/<volumegroupname>/<logicalvolume>
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/rdusecondary/LVBPRHOME
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/rdusecondary/LVBPRDATA
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/rdusecondary/LVBPRDBLOG
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# mkdir bprHome
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# mkdir bprData
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# mkdir bprLog
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# mount /dev/RDUPRIMARY/LVBPRHOME /bprHome/
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# mount /dev/RDUPRIMARY/LVBPRDATA /bprData/
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# mount /dev/RDUPRIMARY/LVBPRDBLOG /bprLog
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# fdisk -l
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# pvdisplay
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# vgdisplay
[root@pcprdusecondary ~]# lvdisplay
附註:
不需要新增邏輯卷的fstab條目。Corosync群集將負責裝載卷。過去,一些客戶因這些條目而遇到問題。在重新啟動系統期間,有時由於計時問題,主卷和輔助卷都會嘗試裝入卷。
兩台伺服器的卷組名稱和邏輯卷(LVBPRHOME、LVBPRDATA和LVBPRDBLOG)必須相同。兩台伺服器應共用相同的磁碟空間。
DRBD塊裝置檔案系統同步只在兩個伺服器上運行相同的磁碟大小。
CentOS Linux版本必須為7.4,核心版本必須為3.10.0-693.11.6.el7.x86_64。
確保兩台伺服器對通告VIP的公共IP地址使用相同的介面 — ens192。
有關詳細資訊,請參閱快速入門手冊:
RDU Geo Redundancy是RHEL 7.4或CentOS 7.4(均為64位)支援的RDU HA的增強功能,其中RDU主節點和輔助節點可以位於不同的地理位置,或者兩個節點可以位於不同的子網中。
虛擬IP(VIP)的路由注入需要在主伺服器和輔助伺服器所連線的入口路由器上完成。
VIP將從活動伺服器通告為RIP2通告,因此需要將RIP2路由重分發到使用者環境中運行的動態路由協定。
如何將RIP2路由重分發和通告到OSPF IGRP。同樣的重分發可用於其他協定,如EIGRP/IBGP。
對於PCP Geo-redundancy解決方案,VIP的CIDR值應為32。
Example: Here OSPF is the dynamic protocol
router ospf <processed>
redistribute rip metric-type 1 subnets. For RIP2, it uses metric as hop count.
Example: Here ISIS is the dynamic protocol
router isis
redistribute rip metric