本文描述邊界閘道通訊協定(BGP)對等因為對等體之間的功能不匹配而無法正常運作的問題,並提供該問題的解決方案。
BGP對等點未啟動,且一個鄰居報告以下錯誤:
BGP-3-NOTIFICATION?? received from neighbor x.x.x.x 2/7
(unsupported/disjoint capability) 2 bytes 4600
%BGP_SESSION-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor x.x.x.x IPv4
Unicast topology base removed from session
??BGP Notification received
一個BGP對等體支援和嘗試協商另一個路由器不支援的BGP功能。
請考慮以下簡單拓撲:
Router 1支援某些R2不支援的BGP功能,而BGP對等點無法運作。Router 1顯示以下訊息:
BGP-3-NOTIFICATION received from neighbor x.x.x.x 2/7
(unsupported/disjoint capability) 2 bytes 4600
%BGP_SESSION-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor x.x.x.x IPv4
Unicast topology base removed from session
BGP Notification received
如果路由器1已建立其他BGP對等體,請輸入show ip bgp neighbor命令以顯示與其他對等體交涉的功能:
Router1#show ip bgp neighbor
<output shortened for brevity>
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(new)
Four-octets ASN Capability: advertised and received
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Enhanced Refresh Capability: advertised
在此輸出中,標籤為「通告」的功能是路由器嘗試與鄰居協商的功能。「接收」的功能受支援且當前由鄰居協商。請注意,此鄰居不支援,或不交涉增強型刷新功能(可能是因為已停用交涉),輸出中會顯示此情況(增強型刷新功能無「接收」)。
Router 2可能會顯示一則錯誤訊息,指出格式錯誤的BGP封包:
BGP-4-MSGDUMP unsupported or mal-formatted message received from x.x.x.x:
FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF 002D 0104 95B0 00B4 7CC3 263B 1002 0E02
0041 0400 0095 B001 0400 0100 01
此外,此訊息可以解碼,以探索它是否為BGP開啟訊息(與思科技術支援中心聯絡)。 還列出嘗試進行交涉的功能。此消息嘗試協商的功能有:
R1(支援此功能的路由器)上指定功能的協商禁用後,BGP才會建立。這通過BGP進程中的隱藏命令來完成。
若要關閉所有功能協商,請輸入以下命令:
neighbor x.x.x.x dont-capability-negotiate
若要停用某些功能的交涉,請輸入以下命令:
neighbor x.x.x.x dont-capability-negotiate four-byte-as
neighbor x.x.x.x dont-capability-negotiate enhanced-refresh
修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
---|---|---|
1.0 |
29-Jul-2013 |
初始版本 |