瞭解OSPF路由重分發到BGP

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已更新: 2022 年 11 月 2 日
文件 ID:5242

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    簡介

    本檔案介紹Cisco路由器上開放最短路徑優先(OSPF)到邊界閘道通訊協定(BGP)重新分配的行為。

    必要條件

    需求

    Cisco建議您在使用本文檔之前瞭解OSPF路由型別。

    採用元件

    本文件所述內容不限於特定軟體和硬體版本。

    本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除（預設）的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中，請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。

    慣例

    如需文件慣例的詳細資訊，請參閱思科技術提示慣例。

    背景資訊

    本技術說明解釋思科路由器上OSPF到BGP重分發的行為。RFC 1403中概述了OSPF到BGP重分發的行為。OSPF路由有幾種型別：

    • 區域內路由 — 在多區域OSPF網路中，來自某一區域的路由被同一區域內的路由器視為區域內路由。這些路由在 show ip route 命令輸出。

    • 區域間 — 當路由通過OSPF區域邊界路由器(ABR)時，該路由稱為OSPF區域間路由。這些路由在 show ip route  命令輸出。

      區域內路由和區域間路由也稱為OSPF內部路由，因為它們由OSPF自身在介面被OSPF覆蓋時生成 network  指令。

    • External Type-2或External Type-1 — 重新分發到OSPF的路由（如已連線、靜態或其他路由協定）稱為External Type-2或External Type-1。這些路由在 show ip route  命令輸出。

    • NSSA External Type-2或NSSA External Type 1 — 將某個區域配置為非末節區域(NSSA)並將路由重分發到OSPF時，這些路由稱為NSSA External Type-2或NSSA External Type-1。這些路由在 show ip route  命令輸出。

    解釋外部和NSSA第2類或1類之間的差異超出本文檔的範圍 — 有關詳細資訊，請參閱OSPF設計手冊。

    預設行為是不將任何路由從OSPF重分發到BGP。必須配置重分發。您可以使用  route-map  命令在OSPF到BGP重分發期間過濾路由。要完成重分發，特定關鍵字 internal, external, 和 nssa-external  需要重新分發各自的路由。

    網路設定

    下面討論四種將OSPF路由重分發到BGP的情況。網路圖適用於前三種情況。第四個情況的圖和設定可在將OSPF NSSA外部路由重分配到BGP部分找到。

    Redistribution OSPF to BGP Topology A將OSPF重新分發到BGP拓撲A

    僅將OSPF內部（區域內和區域間）路由重分發到BGP

    如果將OSPF重分發到BGP而不使用關鍵字，則預設情況下僅將OSPF區域內路由和區域間路由重分發到BGP。您可以使用 internal 關鍵字以及 redistribute 命令下 router bgp  重分發OSPF區域內和區域間路由。

    此配置是路由器B的新配置，它只將區域內路由(10.108.2.0/24)和區域間路由(10.108.1.0/24)重分發到BGP，並且只將OSPF內部（區域內和區域間）路由重分發到BGP:

    RTB 
    hostname RTB
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.3.3.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.2.2.3 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45  
    ! 
    router ospf 1
 network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  
    ! 
    router bgp 100 
    redistribute ospf 1 

    !-- This redistributes only OSPF intra-area and inter-area routes into BGP.      

    neighbor 10.3.3.2 remote-as 200 
    ! 
    end 

    RTB#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L        10.2.2.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
C        10.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.3.3.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
O IA     10.108.1.0/24 [110/3] via 10.2.2.2, 00:08:38, GigabitEthernet0/1
O        10.108.2.0/24 [110/2] via 10.2.2.2, 00:39:13, GigabitEthernet0/1
O E2  192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 10.2.2.2, 00:07:39, GigabitEthernet0/1
O E1  192.168.2.0/24 [110/23] via 10.2.2.2, 00:07:38, GigabitEthernet0/1
RTB#

    路由器B僅重新分配OSPF內部路由：

    RTB#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 12, local router ID is 10.3.3.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
              t secondary path, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *> 10.2.2.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 ? *> 10.108.1.0/24 10.2.2.2 3 32768 ? *> 10.108.2.0/24 10.2.2.2 2 32768 ?
RTB#

    路由器C從BGP獲知這些路由：

    RTC#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
B 10.2.2.0/24 [20/0] via 10.3.3.1, 00:07:07
C        10.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.3.3.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
B 10.108.1.0/24 [20/3] via 10.3.3.1, 00:07:07 B 10.108.2.0/24 [20/2] via 10.3.3.1, 00:07:07
RTC#
RTC#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 8, local router ID is 10.3.3.2
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
              t secondary path, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *> 10.2.2.0/24 10.3.3.1 0 0 100 ? *> 10.108.1.0/24 10.3.3.1 3 0 100 ? *> 10.108.2.0/24 10.3.3.1 2 0 100 ?
RTC#

    僅將OSPF外部（型別1和2）路由重分發到BGP

    使用 external  關鍵字以及 redistribute  命令下 router bgp  將OSPF外部路由重分發到BGP。使用 external  關鍵字，您有三種選擇：

    • 重新分發外部型別1和型別2（預設）

    • Redistribute型別1

    • Redistribute型別2


    按如下所述在配置模式下輸入命令：

    RTB(config-router)#router bgp 100
RTB(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 match external

    在路由器B的此配置中，僅重分發OSPF外部路由，但第1類和第2類均如此：

    RTB 
    hostname RTB
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.3.3.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.2.2.3 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45  
! 
router ospf 1
 network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  
! 
router bgp 100   
     redistribute ospf 1 match external 1 external 2 

    !--- This redistributes ONLY OSPF External routes, but both type-1 and type-2.  

    neighbor 10.3.3.2 remote-as 200 
    ! 
    end

    註：配置顯示 match external 1 external 2  輸入的命令是 redistribute ospf 1 match external. 這是正常現象，因為OSPF會自動附加 external 1 external 2  配置。它匹配OSPF外部1路由和外部2路由，並將兩個路由重分發到BGP。

    路由器B僅重新分配OSPF外部路由：

    RTB#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 25, local router ID is 10.3.3.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
              t secondary path, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *>   192.168.1.0      10.2.2.2                20         32768 ?
 *>   192.168.2.0      10.2.2.2                23         32768 ?
RTB#

    路由器C從BGP獲知這兩條OSPF外部路由：

    RTC#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.3.3.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
B 192.168.1.0/24 [20/20] via 10.3.3.1, 00:02:16 B 192.168.2.0/24 [20/23] via 10.3.3.1, 00:02:16

    RTC#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 21, local router ID is 10.3.3.2
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
              t secondary path, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *> 192.168.1.0 10.3.3.1 20 0 100 ? *> 192.168.2.0 10.3.3.1 23 0 100 ?
RTC#

    僅將OSPF外部第1類或第2類路由重分發到BGP

    在 router bgp 100  命令，僅重分發OSPF External 1路由：

    RTB(config)#router bgp 100 
    RTB(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 match external 1

    使用先前的設定時，路由器B(RTB)BGP表顯示它只能將外部1路由重分配到BGP，而所有其他OSPF路由都不會重分配到BGP:

    RTB#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 28, local router ID is 10.3.3.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
              t secondary path, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *>   192.168.2.0      10.2.2.2                23         32768 ?
RTB#

    同樣地，在下方輸入以下命令 router bgp 100  在路由器B上，僅重分發OSPF外部2路由：

    RTB(config)#router bgp 100 
    RTB(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 match external 2

    將OSPF內部和外部路由重分發到BGP

    在這種情況下，所有OSPF路由都會使用和 internal  和 external  命令中的關鍵字 redistribute ospf match internal external 如路由器B配置所示：

    RTB 
    hostname RTB
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.3.3.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.2.2.3 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45  
! 
router ospf 1
 network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  
! 
router bgp 100
     redistribute ospf 1 match internal external 1 external 2 

    !--- This redistributes all OSPF routes into BGP.  

    neighbor 10.3.3.2 remote-as 200 
    ! 
    end


    再說一遍， external  替換為 external 1 external 2  配置。這是正常現象，除非您指定要重分佈到BGP中的特定外部路由。配置更改完成後，路由器B重新分發所有OSPF路由，路由器C開始從BGP獲取所有路由：

    RTB#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 6, local router ID is 10.3.3.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
              t secondary path, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *> 10.2.2.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 ? *> 10.108.1.0/24 10.2.2.2 3 32768 ? *> 10.108.2.0/24 10.2.2.2 2 32768 ? *> 192.168.1.0 10.2.2.2 20 32768 ? *> 192.168.2.0 10.2.2.2 23 32768 ?
RTB#  RTC#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
B 10.2.2.0/24 [20/0] via 10.3.3.1, 00:03:27
C        10.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.3.3.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
B 10.108.1.0/24 [20/3] via 10.3.3.1, 00:03:27 B 10.108.2.0/24 [20/2] via 10.3.3.1, 00:03:27 B 192.168.1.0/24 [20/20] via 10.3.3.1, 00:03:27 B 192.168.2.0/24 [20/23] via 10.3.3.1, 00:03:27
RTC#

    將OSPF NSSA外部路由重分發到BGP

    這是一種特殊情況，其中只有NSSA路由重新分發到BGP中。此案例與僅將OSPF外部（型別1和2）路由重分配到BGP一節中描述的情況非常相似。唯一的區別是OSPF現在匹配NSSA外部路由，而不是僅匹配外部路由。路由器B的路由表顯示了以下OSPF NSSA外部路由：

    RTB#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L        10.2.2.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
C        10.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.3.3.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
O IA 10.108.1.0/24 [110/3] via 10.2.2.2, 00:05:00, GigabitEthernet0/1 O 10.108.2.0/24 [110/2] via 10.2.2.2, 00:05:00, GigabitEthernet0/1 O N2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 10.2.2.1, 00:10:14, GigabitEthernet0/1 O N1 192.168.2.0/24 [110/22] via 10.2.2.2, 00:03:43, GigabitEthernet0/1
RTB#

    以下網路圖是適用於此案例的：

    Redistribution OSPF to BGP Topology B將OSPF重新分發到BGP拓撲B

    網路圖顯示，路由器B同時收到OSPF N1和N2路由。預設行為是重新分配N1和N2路由，如果僅 nssa-external 使用關鍵字。路由器B的這種配置允許我們將OSPF N2(192.168.1.0/24)和OSPF N1(192.168.2.0/24)路由重分發到BGP:

    RTB 
    hostname RTB
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 10.3.3.1 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
 ip address 10.2.2.3 255.255.255.0
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 media-type rj45  
! 
router ospf 1
     area 1 nssa  network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1  
    ! 
    router bgp 100     
     redistribute ospf 1 match nssa-external 1 nssa-external 2

!--- This redistributes only OSPF NSSA-external routes Type-1 and Type-2 into BGP.

 neighbor 10.3.3.2 remote-as 200
!
end

    注意：與OSPF外部配置類似，顯示先前的配置 match nssa-external 1 nssa-external 2  輸入的命令是 redistribute ospf 1 match nssa-external.這是正常現象，因為OSPF會自動附加 nssa-external 1 nssa-external 2 配置。它匹配OSPF N1和OSPF N2路由，並將兩個路由重分發到BGP。

    在路由器B上更改配置後，它會重新分配OSPF NSSA外部路由，而路由器C從BGP獲取OSPF NSSA外部路由：

    RTB#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L        10.2.2.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
C        10.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.3.3.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
O IA     10.108.1.0/24 [110/3] via 10.2.2.2, 00:09:40, GigabitEthernet0/1
O        10.108.2.0/24 [110/2] via 10.2.2.2, 00:09:40, GigabitEthernet0/1
O N2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 10.2.2.1, 00:14:54, GigabitEthernet0/1 O N1 192.168.2.0/24 [110/22] via 10.2.2.2, 00:08:23, GigabitEthernet0/1
RTB#
RTB#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 17, local router ID is 10.3.3.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
              t secondary path, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *> 192.168.1.0 10.2.2.1 20 32768 ? *> 192.168.2.0 10.2.2.2 22 32768 ?
RTB#  RTC#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area 
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
       a - application route
       + - replicated route, % - next hop override, p - overrides from PfR

Gateway of last resort is not set

      10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C        10.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L        10.3.3.2/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
B 192.168.1.0/24 [20/20] via 10.3.3.1, 00:01:29 B 192.168.2.0/24 [20/22] via 10.3.3.1, 00:01:29
RTC# 
RTC#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 41, local router ID is 10.3.3.2
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal, 
              r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter, 
              x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed, 
              t secondary path, 
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

     Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path
 *> 192.168.1.0 10.3.3.1 20 0 100 ? *> 192.168.2.0 10.3.3.1 22 0 100 ?
RTC#

    與OSPF外部路由一樣，要僅重分發OSPF N1路由，請在路由器B的路由器BGP 100下輸入以下命令：

    RTB(config)#router bgp 100 
    RTB(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 match nssa-external 1 

    !--- This redistributes only OSPF NSSA-external Type-1 routes into BGP.

    要僅重分發OSPF N2路由，請在路由器B的路由器BGP 100下輸入以下命令：

    RTB(config)#router bgp 100  
    RTB(config-router)#    redistribute ospf 1 match nssa-external 2 

    !--- This redistributes only OSPF NSSA-external Type-2 routes into BGP.

    注意：路由對映還可用於將OSPF型別1/2重分發到BGP。有關詳細資訊，請參閱在BGP中重分發OSPF E2路由。

    修改OSPF中的重分發選項

    瞭解連續配置更改如何改變配置非常重要。帶有match選項的新命令不會覆蓋上一個命令，但會新增到該命令中。下一個示例說明配置命令序列如何影響重分發：

    R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#router bgp 100
R4(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 match internal
R4(config-router)#^Z

!--- Initially, you redistribute internal OSPF routes into BGP 100.

R4#show run | include redistribute ospf
 redistribute ospf 1 match internal
R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#router bgp 100
R4(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 match external
R4(config-router)#^Z

!--- With this second command, you tell BGP to also redistribute external OSPF routes.

R4#show run | include redistribute ospf
 redistribute ospf 1 match internal external 1 external 2
R4#
R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#router bgp 100
R4(config-router)#no redistribute ospf 1 match external 2
R4(config-router)#^Z

!--- With this no command, you only disable the redistribution of external type 2 into BGP. 
    !--- All other types of routes previously configured remain.
    
R4#show run | include redistribute ospf
 redistribute ospf 1 match internal external 1
 
!--- As you can see, internal and external type 1 remain.

R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#router bgp 100
R4(config-router)#no redistribute ospf 1 match internal external 1
R4(config-router)#^Z 

!--- Now, with this no command, which includes all configured keywords, it is important to note that you 
    !--- still do not disable the redistribution fully. you only removed the keyword. After this, 
    !--- the IOS still acts as default—redistributing internal routes only.
    
R4#show run | include redistribute ospf
 redistribute ospf 1
R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#router bgp 100
R4(config-router)#no redistribute ospf 1 

!--- Always use the previous command in order to completely disable redistribution.

R4(config-router)# ^Z
R4#show run | include redistribute ospf
R4#


    無法將iBGP獲知的路由重分發到IGP（如EIGRP和OSPF）

    路由重分發用於將通過使用一種協定獲知的路由傳播到另一種路由協定中。將BGP重新分發到IGP中時，只有eBGP獲知的路由會重新分發。內部邊界網關協定(iBGP)在路由器上獲知的路由不會引入到IGP中，以防止產生路由環路。

    預設情況下，iBGP重分發到IGP是禁用的。發出 bgp redistribute-internal  命令，以便將iBGP路由重分發到IGP。需要採取預防措施，才能使用路由對映將特定路由重分配到IGP中。

    將iBGP路由重分發到OSPF的示例配置如下所示：

    Router(config)#router bgp 65345 
Router(config-router)#bgp redistribute-internal
!
Router(config)#router ospf 100
Router(config-router)#redistribute bgp 65345 subnets

    注意：將iBGP路由重新分發到內部網關協定可能導致自治系統(AS)中的路由環路。不建議這樣做。需要設定路由過濾器以控制匯入IGP中的資訊。

    將OSPF預設路由重分發到BGP

    若要將預設路由重分發到BGP，請使用 network  宣告和 default-information originate. 在此示例中，OSPF預設路由被重分佈到BGP中。這可以通過建立路由對映和分配預設網路（標準ACL允許）來完成。

    !
route-map map_default_only permit 10
 match ip address acl_default_only
!
ip access-list standard acl_default_only
 permit 0.0.0.0
!
router bgp 64601
 network 0.0.0.0
 redistribute ospf 1 route-map map_default_only
 default-information originate
!

    !--- Distributes the default route in bgp

    設定後，使用 clear ip bgp *  指令。

    相關資訊

    修訂記錄

    修訂 發佈日期 意見
    1.0
    11-Oct-2001
    初始版本
    TAC Authored

    由思科工程師貢獻

    • Julio Jimenez
      Cisco Project Manager

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