為mVPN使用非分段全域性表多點傳送(GTM)
目錄
簡介
本檔案介紹適用於mVPN的未分段全域表多點傳送(GTM)。
必要條件
需求
本文件沒有特定需求。
採用元件
本文件所述內容不限於特定軟體和硬體版本。
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除（預設）的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中，請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
背景資訊
NG mVPN(RFC 6513/6514)具有許多設定檔。大多數配置檔案在PE路由器具有虛擬專用網路(VPN)或虛擬路由/轉發(VRF)。某些配置檔案(配置檔案7和
RFC 7524和draft-ietf-bess-mvpn-global-table-mcast(RFC 7716)都要求可通過BGP單播路由（地址系列ipv4單播或地址系列ipv4組播）訪問GTM源地址。
草案draft-ietf-bess-mvpn-global-table-mcast與RFC 7524相比的優勢在於，其保留與常規NG mVPN使用的程式相同(RFC 6514)。
使用GTM時，mVPN可以是非分段或分段。
架構
在本文中，邊界路由器一詞用於連線兩個網段的ABR、ASBR或聚合路由器。通常，ABR位於無縫MPLS網路中。使用Inter-AS MPLS VPN時使用ASBR。並且，當GTM覆蓋非分段路由器連線核心網路的兩個部分時，當任一部分運行不同的組播核心樹協定時，使用聚合路由器。例如，聚合路由器可以將核心網路的PIM部分與核心網路的mLDP部分連線。
對於任何型號，都可以使用SAFI 2。其優點是SAFI 2可以具有與SAFI 1不同的拓撲。因此，可以更改組播的RPF而不更改單播轉發。
邊界路由器不支援雙封裝。這意味著路由器無法同時在兩個或模式核心樹協定上轉發組播。當您從一個核心樹遷移到另一個核心樹時，通常可以使用此方法。在遷移過程中，入口PE轉發到兩個核心樹。這在邊界路由器上是不可能的。
GTM架構支援非分段和分段的GTM。本文檔僅介紹未分段的GTM。
GTM Overlay Non-Segmented的步驟是在draft-ietf-bess-mvpn-global-table-mcast中描述的。遵循的步驟與RFC 6513/6514中的步驟相同，但進行了一些更改。
RFC 6513/6514有哪些更改？
使用GTM時，下面幾點適用。其中一些與RFC 6513/6514相同；有些則不同。
- 不支援單一轉發選擇(SFS)。
- 支援AF IPv6。
- 支援C-PIM和C-BGP信令。
- 面向邊緣的PE路由器的介面上沒有VRF。這些介面現在已進入全域性狀態。在draft-ietf-bess-mvpn-global-table-mcast中，這些路由器稱為協定邊界路由器(PBR)。這些路由器在LSM核心樹協定和PIM之間進行介面。我們將這些路由器稱為邊界路由器。
- 核心網路運行標籤交換組播(LSM)核心樹協定。
- 支援mLDP、P2MP TE（靜態和動態）和IR。
- 支援預設、分割槽和資料MDT
- 由於GTM中沒有VPNv4/6字首，因此VRF路由匯入EC和源AS EC連線到IPv4單播(SAFI 1)或組播(SAFI 2)字首。
路由型別1、3和5具有RT。在Cisco IOS® XR中，GTM必須存在這些RT，即使根據草案不需要這些RT。您必須在BGP下設定RT，才能使用GTM。這些RT與VRF中用於常規mVPN的RT類似，但現在應用於全域性上下文。
路由型別4、6和7承載標識上游PE路由器的RT。全域性管理員欄位是上游PE的IP地址。對於GTM，本地管理員欄位設定為0（在非GTM或常規mVPN中標識VRF）。
PE路由器成為標籤交換組播(LSM)核心樹協定(mLDP、P2MP流量工程、入口複製(IR))和PIM之間的互連路由器。因此，核心網路的一部分運行LSM，而核心網路的一部分運行PIM。讓我們呼叫作為網路LSM部分與網路PIM部分（邊界路由器）之間的介面的核心路由器。在下一部分示例中，這些路由器稱為C-PE路由器（C表示核心）。
這些邊界路由器是具有GTM所需配置的路由器。其它路由器都不支援GTM。
GTM的配置與常規mVPN配置檔案所需的配置類似。只是通向邊緣的介面不在VRF中。
沒有常規的路由區分器，因為沒有VRF。由於不存在常規路由區分器(RD)，但使用RD進行與BGP的信令傳輸時，GTM中的信令使用全零RD和全一RD。要使用此功能，必須配置BGP命令global-table-multicast。
使用GTM時，單播路由不在VPNv4/6中。因此，在AF IPv4或AF IPv6和SAFI 1或SAFI 2中，必須在BGP中提供單播可達性。這意味著邊界路由器（不帶VRF的PE路由器）之間必須使用BGP。請參閱映像1。
圖1
邊界路由器和CE路由器之間沒有BGP。當邊界路由器將iBGP中的路由通告給其它邊界路由器時，它會新增組播屬性。
必須注意的是，CE和PE路由器之間可能存在BGP。請參閱圖2。
圖2
在這種情況下，當PE路由器從eBGP向iBGP轉發單播路由到其他PE路由器時，會新增組播屬性。如果CE將具有組播屬性的單播路由通告給PE路由器，則PE路由器保持組播屬性不變，並將單播路由轉發給其他PE路由器。預設情況下，對於eBGP會話，將刪除組播屬性。因此，當PE路由將從iBGP到eBGP的單播路由通告給CE路由時，沒有組播屬性。
當PE路由器通過iBGP通告單播字首時，它會附加擴展社群(EC)VRF路由匯入(VRF-RI)和EC源AS。另一台PE路由器在eBGP中傳播這些路由之前會將其去除。
當eBGP作業階段在兩個ASBR之間時，會存在Inter-AS MPLS VPN和Inter-AS mVPN。在這種情況下，可保留多點傳送屬性。由於預設行為是在eBGP會話上刪除它們，因此您需要對兩個ASBR之間的eBGP會話配置命令send-multicast-attributes。
對於具有RR的情況，可能會發生iBGP到iBGP的傳播。在無縫多協定標籤交換(MPLS)的內聯ABR（存在下一跳自身）上就是這種情況。由於預設行為是保留iBPG會話的組播屬性，因此inline-ABR需要使用命令send-multicast-attributes-disable來刪除它們。
配置更改
您必須在路由器BGP的地址系列(AF)ipv4 mVPN下配置global-table-multicast。這允許全零RD和全一RD的操作。
您必須在全域性上下文中在AF ipv4的multicast-routing下配置import-rt和export-rt。這是因為不再為VRF配置RT，因為GTM沒有VRF。這些RT不得與用於常規mVPN的任何RT重疊。
路由器pim命令（rpf topology和mdt命令）現在已在全域性上下文中配置。
multicast-routing命令（bgp auto-discovery和mdt命令）現在已在全域性上下文中配置。
路由通告
在邊界路由器之間有一個通告源字首的iBGP。入口邊界路由器如何獲知「源」字首？可能發生三種情況。
圖3顯示這三種可能的案例。
圖3
- 邊界路由器從PE收到作為非BGP字首的字首。邊界路由器需要將這些字首重新分發到BGP。此邊界路由器新增組播屬性。
- 邊界路由器具有指向PE路由器的eBGP會話。邊界路由器在通過iBGP將字首傳播到其他邊界路由器之前新增組播屬性。如果在eBGP會話上接收的字首已經具有組播屬性，則保留這些字首並按原樣轉發它們。邊界路由器不會覆蓋它們。
- 輸入邊界路由器從iBGP獲取源字首。在這種情況下，輸入邊界路由器是RR。此方案用於無縫MPLS，其中邊界路由器是ABR。
當邊界路由器從另一個邊界路由器通告接收到的iBGP字首時，它會刪除組播屬性，然後將該字首傳送到PE路由器。邊界路由器必須在路由器BGP下禁用send-multicast-attributes命令，這樣才會發生這種情況。
範例
下面是一些示例。第一個示例從將配置檔案12轉換為GTM部署開始。
示例1：配置檔案12：預設MDT - mLDP - P2MP - BGP-AD - BGP C-mcast信令
圖4顯示此網路。PE路由器上沒有指向CE路由器的VRF。
圖4
請注意，內部核心網路執行mLDP。外部核心網路運行PIM。因此，將PIM連線到mLDP核心的邊界路由器需要將PIM轉換為mLDP，反之亦然。
在邊界路由器C-PE2上，源無法獲知為IGP路由。IGP就是ISIS。如果是這種情況，則邊界路由器上的RPF將使用指向P1的ISIS路由。如果是這種情況，則RPF會失敗，因為沒有PIM鄰居關係。您希望C-PE2路由器為10.2.1.8配置RPF，並使其指向MDT作為RPF介面。這可以是基於mLDP、P2MP或IR的MDT。
解決方案是使用SAFI 2。使用它時，源路由在BGP中獲知為AFI 2路由。因此，邊界路由器(C-PE2)的源地址為BGP SAFI 2路由(show route ipv4 multicast)。源的RPF指向MDT介面。
使用SAFI 2會更改RPF，而現在所有源的RPF都使用SAFI 2。這意味著全域性中所有源的RPF都使用SAFI 2，其中包括入口PE的RPF，例如VPN服務。啟用SAFI 2後，所有RPF僅通過SAFI 2進行。由於只有源位於SAFI 2中，因此輸入PE路由器的RPF失敗。若要使此命令生效，您可以在router rib下設定rump always-replicate命令。因為只有全域性中源字首的RPF和PE路由器的RPF必須工作，所以您可以為rump always-replicate命令配置訪問清單，並僅指定全域性中的源和訪問清單中的輸入PE路由器。如此一來，如果邊界路由器已為SAFI 1執行BGP，且此SAFI 1攜帶大量字首，則這些字首不會全部重新分發到SAFI 2 RIB中，從而不必要地使用記憶體。
或者，您也可以在路由器BGP下為地址系列ipv4組播配置距離bgp 20 20 20。這可以確保如果全域性中的源也通過IGP的AFI 2獲知，則BGP獲知的源是優先選擇的，因為iBGP的距離與IGP的距離相比較低。
組態
這是邊界路由器的配置。
hostname C-PE1
router rib
address-family ipv4
rump always-replicate
!
route-policy global-one
set core-tree mldp-default
end-policy
!
route-policy sources-in-ISIS
if destination in (10.2.1.0/24) then
pass
endif
end-policy
!
router isis 1
is-type level-1
net 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00
address-family ipv4 unicast
metric-style wide
mpls traffic-eng level-1
mpls traffic-eng router-id Loopback0
!
interface Loopback0
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family ipv4 multicast
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family ipv4 multicast
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family ipv4 multicast
!
!
!
router bgp 1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family ipv4 multicast
redistribute connected route-policy loopback
redistribute isis 1 route-policy sources-in-ISIS
!
address-family ipv4 mvpn
global-table-multicast
!
neighbor 10.100.1.5
remote-as 1
update-source Loopback0
address-family ipv4 multicast
next-hop-self
!
address-family ipv4 mvpn
!
!
mpls ldp
mldp
address-family ipv4
rib unicast-always
!
!
router-id 10.100.1.3
address-family ipv4
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
address-family ipv4
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
address-family ipv4
!
!
!
multicast-routing
address-family ipv4
interface Loopback0
enable
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
enable
!
mdt source Loopback0
export-rt 1:1
import-rt 1:1
bgp auto-discovery mldp
!
mdt default mldp p2mp
mdt data mldp 10 immediate-switch
!
!
router pim
address-family ipv4
rpf topology route-policy global-one
mdt c-multicast-routing bgp
interface Loopback0
enable
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
!
!
!
您必須在邊界路由器上執行下一個配置：
- 使用AF ipv4 mvpn配置的BGP
- 已啟用BGP AD
- 指定的MDT
- 在路由器bgp下配置的import-rt和export-rt
- 在路由器bgp AF ipv4/6 mvpn下配置的全域性表組播
或者，必須在路由器BGP下啟用SAFI 2
疑難排解
- 首先，邊界路由必須存在route-type 1路由。
- 驗證內部核心中的核心樹。這裡是mLDP。那麼，mLDP信令是否正常？檢查mLDP資料庫條目中的預設MDT和可能的資料MDT。
- 檢查BGP中的源路由。
- 檢查出口邊界路由器上的RPF。
- 檢查邊界路由器上BGP（路由型別6和7）中的C組播信令。
輸入邊界路由器
入口邊界路由器上的出口介面是Lmdt介面。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show mrib route 203.0.113.1 10.2.1.8
IP Multicast Routing Information Base
Entry flags: L - Domain-Local Source, E - External Source to the Domain,
C - Directly-Connected Check, S - Signal, IA - Inherit Accept,
IF - Inherit From, D - Drop, ME - MDT Encap, EID - Encap ID,
MD - MDT Decap, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed, MH - MDT interface handle
CD - Conditional Decap, MPLS - MPLS Decap, EX - Extranet
MoFE - MoFRR Enabled, MoFS - MoFRR State, MoFP - MoFRR Primary
MoFB - MoFRR Backup, RPFID - RPF ID Set, X - VXLAN
Interface flags: F - Forward, A - Accept, IC - Internal Copy,
NS - Negate Signal, DP - Don't Preserve, SP - Signal Present,
II - Internal Interest, ID - Internal Disinterest, LI - Local Interest,
LD - Local Disinterest, DI - Decapsulation Interface
EI - Encapsulation Interface, MI - MDT Interface, LVIF - MPLS Encap,
EX - Extranet, A2 - Secondary Accept, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed,
MA - Data MDT Assigned, LMI - mLDP MDT Interface, TMI - P2MP-TE MDT Interface
IRMI - IR MDT Interface
(10.2.1.8,203.0.113.1) RPF nbr: 10.1.2.2 Flags: RPF
Up: 00:08:58
Incoming Interface List
GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1 Flags: A, Up: 00:08:58
Outgoing Interface List
Lmdtdefault Flags: F LMI MA, Up: 00:08:58
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show mfib route 203.0.113.1 10.2.1.8
IP Multicast Forwarding Information Base
Entry flags: C - Directly-Connected Check, S - Signal, D - Drop,
IA - Inherit Accept, IF - Inherit From, EID - Encap ID,
ME - MDT Encap, MD - MDT Decap, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed,
MH - MDT interface handle, CD - Conditional Decap,
DT - MDT Decap True, EX - Extranet, RPFID - RPF ID Set,
MoFE - MoFRR Enabled, MoFS - MoFRR State, X - VXLAN
Interface flags: F - Forward, A - Accept, IC - Internal Copy,
NS - Negate Signal, DP - Don't Preserve, SP - Signal Present,
EG - Egress, EI - Encapsulation Interface, MI - MDT Interface,
EX - Extranet, A2 - Secondary Accept
Forwarding/Replication Counts: Packets in/Packets out/Bytes out
Failure Counts: RPF / TTL / Empty Olist / Encap RL / Other
(10.2.1.8,203.0.113.1), Flags:
Up: 01:47:24
Last Used: 00:00:00
SW Forwarding Counts: 1197/1197/239400
SW Replication Counts: 1197/0/0
SW Failure Counts: 0/0/0/0/0
Lmdtdefault Flags: F LMI, Up:01:47:24
GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1 Flags: A, Up:01:47:24
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show route ipv4 multicast
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, (>) - Diversion path
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - ISIS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, su - IS-IS summary null, * - candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR, L - local, G - DAGR, l - LISP
A - access/subscriber, a - Application route
M - mobile route, r - RPL, (!) - FRR Backup path
Gateway of last resort is not set
i L1 10.1.1.0/24 [255/20] via 10.1.2.2, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
C 10.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
L 10.1.2.3/32 is directly connected, 3d19h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
i L1 10.1.3.0/24 [115/20] via 10.1.3.4, 3d13h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
L 10.1.3.3/32 is directly connected, 3d19h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
i L1 10.1.4.0/24 [115/20] via 10.1.3.4, 3d13h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
i L1 10.1.5.0/24 [115/30] via 10.1.3.4, 3d12h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
i L1 10.1.6.0/24 [255/40] via 10.1.3.4, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
i L1 10.2.1.0/24 [255/30] via 10.1.2.2, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
i L1 10.2.2.0/24 [255/50] via 10.1.3.4, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
i L1 10.100.1.1/32 [255/30] via 10.1.2.2, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
i L1 10.100.1.2/32 [255/20] via 10.1.2.2, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
L 10.100.1.3/32 is directly connected, 1d21h, Loopback0
i L1 10.100.1.4/32 [115/20] via 10.1.3.4, 3d13h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
i L1 10.100.1.5/32 [115/30] via 10.1.3.4, 3d12h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
i L1 10.100.1.6/32 [255/40] via 10.1.3.4, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
i L1 10.100.1.7/32 [255/50] via 10.1.3.4, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show pim rpf 10.2.1.8
Table: IPv4-Multicast-default
* 10.2.1.8/32 [255/30]
via GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1 with rpf neighbor 10.1.2.2
輸出邊界路由器
對於源路由，VRF Route-Import EC和Source-AS EC連線到IPv4單播或組播字首。這裡是IPv4多點傳送路由：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show bgp ipv4 multicast 10.2.1.0/24
BGP routing table entry for 10.2.1.0/24
Versions:
Process bRIB/RIB SendTblVer
Speaker 32 32
Last Modified: Sep 12 08:34:56.441 for 15:09:58
Paths: (1 available, best #1)
Not advertised to any peer
Path #1: Received by speaker 0
Not advertised to any peer
Local
10.100.1.3 (metric 30) from 10.100.1.3 (10.100.1.3)
Origin incomplete, metric 30, localpref 100, valid, internal, best, group-best
Received Path ID 0, Local Path ID 1, version 32
Extended community: VRF Route Import:10.100.1.3:0 Source AS:1:0
路由沒有以下EC時的示例：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show bgp ipv4 multicast 10.2.1.0/24
BGP routing table entry for 10.2.1.0/24
Versions:
Process bRIB/RIB SendTblVer
Speaker 277 277
Last Modified: Sep 13 04:08:37.441 for 00:00:02
Paths: (1 available, best #1)
Not advertised to any peer
Path #1: Received by speaker 0
Not advertised to any peer
Local
10.100.1.3 (metric 30) from 10.100.1.3 (10.100.1.1)
Origin incomplete, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best, group-best
Received Path ID 0, Local Path ID 1, version 277
Originator: 10.100.1.1, Cluster list: 10.100.1.3
因此，RPF失敗：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show pim rpf 10.2.1.8
Table: IPv4-Multicast-default
* 10.2.1.8/32 [200/30]
via Null with rpf neighbor 0.0.0.0
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show bgp ipv4 mvpn
BGP router identifier 10.100.1.5, local AS number 1
BGP generic scan interval 60 secs
Non-stop routing is enabled
BGP table state: Active
Table ID: 0x0 RD version: 0
BGP main routing table version 56
BGP NSR Initial initsync version 4 (Reached)
BGP NSR/ISSU Sync-Group versions 0/0
Global table multicast is enabled
BGP scan interval 60 secs
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best
i - internal, r RIB-failure, S stale, N Nexthop-discard
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
*>i[1][10.100.1.3]/40 10.100.1.3 100 0 i
*> [1][10.100.1.5]/40 0.0.0.0 0 i
*>i[3][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3]/120
10.100.1.3 100 0 i
*> [7][0:0:0][1][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1]/184
0.0.0.0 0 i
Processed 4 prefixes, 4 paths
可使用關鍵字rd all-zero-rd指定命令。然後顯示所有包含全零RD的條目。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show bgp ipv4 mvpn rd all-zero-rd
BGP router identifier 10.100.1.5, local AS number 1
BGP generic scan interval 60 secs
Non-stop routing is enabled
BGP table state: Active
Table ID: 0x0 RD version: 0
BGP main routing table version 56
BGP NSR Initial initsync version 4 (Reached)
BGP NSR/ISSU Sync-Group versions 0/0
Global table multicast is enabled
BGP scan interval 60 secs
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best
i - internal, r RIB-failure, S stale, N Nexthop-discard
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
*>i[1][10.100.1.3]/40 10.100.1.3 100 0 i
*> [1][10.100.1.5]/40 0.0.0.0 0 i
*>i[3][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3]/120
10.100.1.3 100 0 i
*> [7][0:0:0][1][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1]/184
0.0.0.0 0 i
Processed 4 prefixes, 4 paths
1類路由：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show bgp ipv4 mvpn rd all-zero-rd [1][10.100.1.3]/40
BGP routing table entry for [1][10.100.1.3]/40, Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
Versions:
Process bRIB/RIB SendTblVer
Speaker 43 43
Last Modified: Sep 8 07:42:43.786 for 1d17h
Paths: (1 available, best #1, not advertised to EBGP peer)
Not advertised to any peer
Path #1: Received by speaker 0
Not advertised to any peer
Local
10.100.1.3 (metric 30) from 10.100.1.3 (10.100.1.3)
Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, internal, best, group-best, import-candidate, imported
Received Path ID 0, Local Path ID 1, version 43
Community: no-export
Extended community: RT:1:1
PMSI: flags 0x00, type 2, label 0, ID 0x060001040a640103000701000400000001
Source AFI: IPv4 MVPN, Source VRF: default, Source Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
PMSI已解碼：
PMSI：標誌0x00，型別2，標籤0,ID 0x060001040a640103000701000400000001
上一個命令解碼的PMSI為：
The PMSI Tunnel Type is : 2 : mLDP P2MP LSP
The PMSI Tunnel ID is : 0x060001040a640103000701000400000001
FEC Element
FEC Element Type : 6 : P2MP
AF Type : 1
Address Length : 4
Root Node Address : 10.100.1.3
MP Opaque Length : 7
MP Opaque Value Element
Opaque Type : 1 : LSP ID Global
Opaque Length : 4
Global ID (Generic LSP Identifier) : 1
資料MDT通過來自C-PE1的路由型別3 AD路由發出訊號。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show bgp ipv4 mvpn rd all-zero-rd [3][32][10.2.1.8] [32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3]/120
BGP routing table entry for [3][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3]/120, Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
Versions:
Process bRIB/RIB SendTblVer
Speaker 56 56
Last Modified: Sep 10 00:51:52.786 for 00:04:57
Paths: (1 available, best #1, not advertised to EBGP peer)
Not advertised to any peer
Path #1: Received by speaker 0
Not advertised to any peer
Local
10.100.1.3 (metric 30) from 10.100.1.3 (10.100.1.3)
Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, internal, best, group-best, import-candidate, imported
Received Path ID 0, Local Path ID 1, version 56
Community: no-export
Extended community: RT:1:1
PMSI: flags 0x00, type 2, label 0, ID 0x060001040a640103000701000400000007
Source AFI: IPv4 MVPN, Source VRF: default, Source Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
解碼的PMSI顯示全域性LSP識別符號為7。然後將此項用於此資料MDT的mLDP資料庫條目。
PMSI：標誌0x00，型別2，標籤0,ID 0x060001040a640103000701000400000007
上一個命令解碼的PMSI為：
The PMSI Tunnel Type is : 2 : mLDP P2MP LSP
The PMSI Tunnel ID is : 0x060001040a640103000701000400000007
FEC Element
FEC Element Type : 6 : P2MP
AF Type : 1
Address Length : 4
Root Node Address : 10.100.1.3
MP Opaque Length : 7
MP Opaque Value Element
Opaque Type : 1 : LSP ID Global
Opaque Length : 4
Global ID (Generic LSP Identifier) : 7
使用下面的命令，您可以檢查輸入PE通告的有關資料MDT的內容。請注意，這是GTM，因此下一個命令中沒有VRF。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show pim mdt mldp remote
Core MDT Cache Max DIP Local VRF Routes
Identifier Source Count Agg Entry Using Cache
[global-id 7] 10.100.1.3 1 255 N N 1
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show pim mdt mldp cache
Core Source Cust (Source, Group) Core Data Expires
10.100.1.3 (10.2.1.8, 203.0.113.1) [global-id 7] never
路由型別7未連線PMSI:
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show bgp ipv4 mvpn rd all-zero-rd [7][0:0:0][1][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1]/184
BGP routing table entry for [7][0:0:0][1][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1]/184, Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
Versions:
Process bRIB/RIB SendTblVer
Speaker 52 52
Last Modified: Sep 10 00:51:51.786 for 00:07:37
Paths: (1 available, best #1)
Advertised to peers (in unique update groups):
10.100.1.3
Path #1: Received by speaker 0
Advertised to peers (in unique update groups):
10.100.1.3
Local
0.0.0.0 from 0.0.0.0 (10.100.1.5)
Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, redistributed, best, group-best, import-candidate
Received Path ID 0, Local Path ID 1, version 52
Extended community: RT:10.100.1.3:0
RT標識上游PE路由器。全域性管理員欄位是上游PE的IP地址。對於GTM，本地管理員欄位設定為0。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show mrib route 203.0.113.1 10.2.1.8
IP Multicast Routing Information Base
Entry flags: L - Domain-Local Source, E - External Source to the Domain,
C - Directly-Connected Check, S - Signal, IA - Inherit Accept,
IF - Inherit From, D - Drop, ME - MDT Encap, EID - Encap ID,
MD - MDT Decap, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed, MH - MDT interface handle
CD - Conditional Decap, MPLS - MPLS Decap, EX - Extranet
MoFE - MoFRR Enabled, MoFS - MoFRR State, MoFP - MoFRR Primary
MoFB - MoFRR Backup, RPFID - RPF ID Set, X - VXLAN
Interface flags: F - Forward, A - Accept, IC - Internal Copy,
NS - Negate Signal, DP - Don't Preserve, SP - Signal Present,
II - Internal Interest, ID - Internal Disinterest, LI - Local Interest,
LD - Local Disinterest, DI - Decapsulation Interface
EI - Encapsulation Interface, MI - MDT Interface, LVIF - MPLS Encap,
EX - Extranet, A2 - Secondary Accept, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed,
MA - Data MDT Assigned, LMI - mLDP MDT Interface, TMI - P2MP-TE MDT Interface
IRMI - IR MDT Interface
(10.2.1.8,203.0.113.1) RPF nbr: 10.100.1.3 Flags: RPF
Up: 00:52:34
Incoming Interface List
Lmdtdefault Flags: A LMI, Up: 00:52:34
Outgoing Interface List
GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0 Flags: F NS, Up: 00:52:34
傳入介面必須是Lmdt介面。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show mfib route 203.0.113.1 10.2.1.8
IP Multicast Forwarding Information Base
Entry flags: C - Directly-Connected Check, S - Signal, D - Drop,
IA - Inherit Accept, IF - Inherit From, EID - Encap ID,
ME - MDT Encap, MD - MDT Decap, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed,
MH - MDT interface handle, CD - Conditional Decap,
DT - MDT Decap True, EX - Extranet, RPFID - RPF ID Set,
MoFE - MoFRR Enabled, MoFS - MoFRR State, X - VXLAN
Interface flags: F - Forward, A - Accept, IC - Internal Copy,
NS - Negate Signal, DP - Don't Preserve, SP - Signal Present,
EG - Egress, EI - Encapsulation Interface, MI - MDT Interface,
EX - Extranet, A2 - Secondary Accept
Forwarding/Replication Counts: Packets in/Packets out/Bytes out
Failure Counts: RPF / TTL / Empty Olist / Encap RL / Other
(10.2.1.8,203.0.113.1), Flags:
Up: 02:31:00
Last Used: never
SW Forwarding Counts: 0/2037/407400
SW Replication Counts: 0/2037/407400
SW Failure Counts: 0/0/0/0/0
Lmdtdefault Flags: A LMI, Up:02:31:00
GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0 Flags: NS EG, Up:02:31:00
檢查SAFI 2路由：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show route ipv4 multicast
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, (>) - Diversion path
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - ISIS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, su - IS-IS summary null, * - candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR, L - local, G - DAGR, l - LISP
A - access/subscriber, a - Application route
M - mobile route, r - RPL, (!) - FRR Backup path
Gateway of last resort is not set
i L1 10.1.2.0/24 [115/30] via 10.1.4.4, 3d12h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
i L1 10.1.3.0/24 [115/20] via 10.1.4.4, 3d12h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
C 10.1.4.0/24 is directly connected, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
L 10.1.4.5/32 is directly connected, 3d12h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
C 10.1.5.0/24 is directly connected, 1d21h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
L 10.1.5.5/32 is directly connected, 3d12h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
B 10.2.1.0/24 [200/30] via 10.100.1.3, 1d17h
i L1 10.100.1.3/32 [115/30] via 10.1.4.4, 3d12h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
i L1 10.100.1.4/32 [115/20] via 10.1.4.4, 3d12h, GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
L 10.100.1.5/32 is directly connected, 1d21h, Loopback0
請注意，來源的路由是SAFI 2（位於AF IPv4多點傳送中），因為它位於RIB AF IPv4多點傳送中。
請注意，下一跳是10.100.1.3，即C-PE1的環回，因為該路由器在路由器BGP下的AF ipv4組播下具有next-hop-self。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show bgp ipv4 multicast 10.2.1.0/24
BGP routing table entry for 10.2.1.0/24
Versions:
Process bRIB/RIB SendTblVer
Speaker 34 34
Last Modified: Sep 8 07:42:18.786 for 1d17h
Paths: (1 available, best #1)
Not advertised to any peer
Path #1: Received by speaker 0
Not advertised to any peer
Local
10.100.1.3 (metric 30) from 10.100.1.3 (10.100.1.3)
Origin incomplete, metric 30, localpref 100, valid, internal, best, group-best
Received Path ID 0, Local Path ID 1, version 34
Extended community: VRF Route Import:10.100.1.3:0 Source AS:1:0
源的RPF指向Lmdt介面及其上的PIM鄰居。在IPv4多點傳送表中執行RPF。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show pim rpf 10.2.1.8
Table: IPv4-Multicast-default
* 10.2.1.8/32 [200/30]
via Lmdtdefault with rpf neighbor 10.100.1.3
檢查入口邊界路由器是否被識別為PE路由器。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show pim pe
MVPN Provider Edge Router information
PE Address : 10.100.1.3 (0x1071da64)
RD: 0:0:0 (valid), RIB_HLI 0, RPF-ID 3, Remote RPF-ID 0, State: 1, S-PMSI: 2
PPMP_LABEL: 0, MS_PMSI_HLI: 0x00000, Bidir_PMSI_HLI: 0x00000, MLDP-added: [RD 0, ID 0, Bidir ID 0, Remote Bidir ID 0], Counts(SHR/SRC/DM/DEF-MD): 0, 1, 0, 0, Bidir: GRE RP Count 0, MPLS RP Count 0RSVP-TE added: [Leg 0, Ctrl Leg 0, Part tail 0 Def Tail 0, IR added: [Def Leg 0, Ctrl Leg 0, Part Leg 0, Part tail 0, Part IR Tail Label 0
bgp_i_pmsi: 1,0/0 , bgp_ms_pmsi/Leaf-ad: 0/0, bgp_bidir_pmsi: 0, remote_bgp_bidir_pmsi: 0, PMSIs: I 0x106a2d50, 0x0, MS 0x0, Bidir Local: 0x0, Remote: 0x0, BSR/Leaf-ad 0x0/0, Autorp-disc/Leaf-ad 0x0/0, Autorp-ann/Leaf-ad 0x0/0
IIDs: I/6: 0x1/0x0, B/R: 0x0/0x0, MS: 0x0, B/A/A: 0x0/0x0/0x0
Bidir RPF-ID: 4, Remote Bidir RPF-ID: 0
I-PMSI: MLDP-P2MP, Opaque: [global-id 1] (0x106a2d50)
I-PMSI rem: (0x0)
MS-PMSI: (0x0)
Bidir-PMSI: (0x0)
Remote Bidir-PMSI: (0x0)
BSR-PMSI: (0x0)
A-Disc-PMSI: (0x0)
A-Ann-PMSI: (0x0)
RIB Dependency List: 0x1016446c
Bidir RIB Dependency List: 0x0
Sources: 1, RPs: 0, Bidir RPs: 0
Inclusive PMSI(I-PMSI)就在那裡。
您可以看到兩個P2MP mLDP條目，它們在mLDP資料庫中的兩個邊界路由器之間構成預設MDT。還有一個以C-PE1作為資料MDT根的P2MP mLDP條目。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show mpls mldp database brief
LSM ID Type Root Up Down Decoded Opaque Value
0x00007 P2MP 10.100.1.3 1 1 [global-id 1]
0x00008 P2MP 10.100.1.5 0 2 [global-id 1]
0x0000B P2MP 10.100.1.3 1 1 [global-id 7]
示例2：配置檔案20預設MDT - P2MP-TE - BGP-AD - PIM - C-mcast信令
這與示例1非常相似。現在，核心層有P2MP TE。隧道被設定為自動隧道。尾端路由器是通過BGP AD發現的。與示例1的另一個不同之處在於，重疊協定現在是PIM。請看圖5。
圖5
組態
以下是邊界路由器的配置：
hostname C-PE1
logging console debugging
router rib
address-family ipv4
rump always-replicate
!
!
line default
timestamp disable
exec-timeout 0 0
!
ipv4 unnumbered mpls traffic-eng Loopback0
interface Loopback0
ipv4 address 10.100.1.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface MgmtEth0/0/CPU0/0
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
ipv4 address 10.1.3.3 255.255.255.0
load-interval 30
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
ipv4 address 10.1.2.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/2
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/3
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/4
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/5
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/6
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/7
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/8
shutdown
!
route-policy loopback
if destination in (10.100.1.3/32) then
pass
endif
end-policy
!
route-policy global-one
set core-tree p2mp-te-default
end-policy
!
route-policy sources-in-ISIS
if destination in (10.2.1.0/24) then
pass
endif
end-policy
!
router isis 1
is-type level-1
net 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00
address-family ipv4 unicast
metric-style wide
mpls traffic-eng level-1
mpls traffic-eng router-id Loopback0
!
interface Loopback0
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family ipv4 multicast
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family ipv4 multicast
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family ipv4 multicast
!
!
!
router bgp 1
address-family ipv4 unicast
!
address-family ipv4 multicast
redistribute connected route-policy loopback
redistribute ospf 1
redistribute isis 1 route-policy sources-in-ISIS
!
address-family ipv4 mvpn
global-table-multicast
!
neighbor 10.100.1.5
remote-as 1
update-source Loopback0
address-family ipv4 multicast
next-hop-self
!
address-family ipv4 mvpn
!
!
!
mpls oam
!
rsvp
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
bandwidth 1000000
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
bandwidth 1000000
!
!
mpls traffic-eng
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
auto-tunnel backup
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
auto-tunnel backup
!
!
auto-tunnel p2mp
tunnel-id min 1000 max 2000
!
!
mpls ldp
log
neighbor
!
mldp
logging notifications
address-family ipv4
rib unicast-always
!
!
router-id 10.100.1.3
address-family ipv4
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0
address-family ipv4
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
address-family ipv4
!
!
!
multicast-routing
address-family ipv4
interface Loopback0
enable
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
enable
!
mdt source Loopback0
export-rt 1:1
import-rt 1:1
bgp auto-discovery p2mp-te
!
mdt default p2mp-te
mdt data p2mp-te 100 immediate-switch
!
!
router pim
address-family ipv4
rpf topology route-policy global-one
interface Loopback0
enable
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
!
!
!
疑難排解
輸入邊界路由器
檢查RD all-zero是否存在。為了構建基於P2MP TE隧道的P2MP TE，路由型別1路由必須存在。
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show bgp ipv4 mvpn rd all-zero-rd
BGP router identifier 10.100.1.3, local AS number 1
BGP generic scan interval 60 secs
Non-stop routing is enabled
BGP table state: Active
Table ID: 0x0 RD version: 0
BGP main routing table version 140
BGP NSR Initial initsync version 4 (Reached)
BGP NSR/ISSU Sync-Group versions 0/0
Global table multicast is enabled
BGP scan interval 60 secs
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best
i - internal, r RIB-failure, S stale, N Nexthop-discard
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
*> [1][10.100.1.3]/40 0.0.0.0 0 i
*>i[1][10.100.1.5]/40 10.100.1.5 100 0 i
Processed 2 prefixes, 2 paths
詳細檢查路由型別1路由：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show bgp ipv4 mvpn rd all-zero-rd [1][10.100.1.5]/40
BGP routing table entry for [1][10.100.1.5]/40, Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
Versions:
Process bRIB/RIB SendTblVer
Speaker 135 135
Last Modified: Sep 12 08:21:42.207 for 00:20:14
Paths: (1 available, best #1, not advertised to EBGP peer)
Not advertised to any peer
Path #1: Received by speaker 0
Not advertised to any peer
Local
10.100.1.5 (metric 30) from 10.100.1.5 (10.100.1.5)
Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, internal, best, group-best, import-candidate, imported
Received Path ID 0, Local Path ID 1, version 135
Community: no-export
Extended community: RT:1:1
PMSI: flags 0x00, type 1, label 0, ID 0x000003e8000003e80a640105
Source AFI: IPv4 MVPN, Source VRF: default, Source Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
檢查MDT預設設定上的PIM鄰居：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show pim neighbor
PIM neighbors in VRF default
Flag: B - Bidir capable, P - Proxy capable, DR - Designated Router,
E - ECMP Redirect capable
* indicates the neighbor created for this router
Neighbor Address Interface Uptime Expires DR pri Flags
10.1.2.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1 6d02h 00:01:16 1 B
10.1.2.3* GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1 6d02h 00:01:15 1 (DR) B E
10.100.1.3* Loopback0 6d02h 00:01:32 1 (DR) B E
10.100.1.3* Tmdtdefault 00:36:21 00:01:40 1
10.100.1.5 Tmdtdefault 00:17:37 00:01:26 1 (DR)
檢查MRIB路由。傳出介面必須是Tmdt:
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show mrib route 203.0.113.1
IP Multicast Routing Information Base
Entry flags: L - Domain-Local Source, E - External Source to the Domain,
C - Directly-Connected Check, S - Signal, IA - Inherit Accept,
IF - Inherit From, D - Drop, ME - MDT Encap, EID - Encap ID,
MD - MDT Decap, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed, MH - MDT interface handle
CD - Conditional Decap, MPLS - MPLS Decap, EX - Extranet
MoFE - MoFRR Enabled, MoFS - MoFRR State, MoFP - MoFRR Primary
MoFB - MoFRR Backup, RPFID - RPF ID Set, X - VXLAN
Interface flags: F - Forward, A - Accept, IC - Internal Copy,
NS - Negate Signal, DP - Don't Preserve, SP - Signal Present,
II - Internal Interest, ID - Internal Disinterest, LI - Local Interest,
LD - Local Disinterest, DI - Decapsulation Interface
EI - Encapsulation Interface, MI - MDT Interface, LVIF - MPLS Encap,
EX - Extranet, A2 - Secondary Accept, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed,
MA - Data MDT Assigned, LMI - mLDP MDT Interface, TMI - P2MP-TE MDT Interface
IRMI - IR MDT Interface
(10.2.1.8,203.0.113.1) RPF nbr: 10.1.2.2 Flags: RPF
Up: 00:09:10
Incoming Interface List
GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1 Flags: A, Up: 00:09:10
Outgoing Interface List
Tmdtdefault Flags: F NS TMI, Up: 00:09:10
檢查每個邊界路由器是否存在一個P2MP TE隧道作為頭端路由器：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels tabular
Tunnel LSP Destination Source FRR LSP Path
Name ID Address Address State State Role Prot
----------------- ----- --------------- --------------- ------ ------ ---- -----
^tunnel-mte1001 10004 10.100.1.5 10.100.1.3 up Inact Head
auto_C-PE2_mt1000 10005 10.100.1.3 10.100.1.5 up Inact Tail
^ = automatically created P2MP tunnel
觸發Data MDT後，我們將路由型別3和4路由：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show bgp ipv4 mvpn rd all-zero-rd
BGP router identifier 10.100.1.3, local AS number 1
BGP generic scan interval 60 secs
Non-stop routing is enabled
BGP table state: Active
Table ID: 0x0 RD version: 0
BGP main routing table version 143
BGP NSR Initial initsync version 4 (Reached)
BGP NSR/ISSU Sync-Group versions 0/0
Global table multicast is enabled
BGP scan interval 60 secs
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best
i - internal, r RIB-failure, S stale, N Nexthop-discard
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
*> [1][10.100.1.3]/40 0.0.0.0 0 i
*>i[1][10.100.1.5]/40 10.100.1.5 100 0 i
*> [3][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3]/120
0.0.0.0 0 i
*>i[4][3][0:0:0][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3][10.100.1.5]/224
10.100.1.5 100 0 i
Processed 4 prefixes, 4 paths
route-type 3向所有尾端路由器通告一個資料MDT訊號：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show bgp ipv4 mvpn rd all-zero-rd [3][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3]/120
BGP routing table entry for [3][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3]/120, Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
Versions:
Process bRIB/RIB SendTblVer
Speaker 141 141
Last Modified: Sep 12 08:46:17.207 for 00:00:41
Paths: (1 available, best #1, not advertised to EBGP peer)
Advertised to peers (in unique update groups):
10.100.1.5
Path #1: Received by speaker 0
Advertised to peers (in unique update groups):
10.100.1.5
Local
0.0.0.0 from 0.0.0.0 (10.100.1.3)
Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, redistributed, best, group-best, import-candidate
Received Path ID 0, Local Path ID 1, version 141
Community: no-export
Extended community: RT:1:1
PMSI: flags 0x01, type 1, label 0, ID 0x000003ed000003ed0a640103
PMSI已解碼：
PMSI：標誌0x01，型別1，標籤0,ID 0x000003ed000003ed0a640103
上一個命令解碼的PMSI為：
The PMSI Tunnel Type is : 1 : RSVP-TE P2MP LSP
The PMSI Tunnel ID is : 0x000003ed000003ed0a640103
Extended Tunnel ID : 1005
Reserved part (should be zero): 0X0000
Tunnel ID : 1005
P2MP ID : 10.100.1.3
以下內容也可以看到：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show pim mdt cache
Core Source Cust (Source, Group) Core Data Expires
10.100.1.3 (10.2.1.8, 203.0.113.1) [p2mp 6] never
Leaf AD: 10.100.1.5
路由型別4向頭端路由器通告哪個路由器是尾端：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show bgp ipv4 mvpn rd all-zero-rd [4][3][0:0:0][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3][10.100.1.5]/224
BGP routing table entry for [4][3][0:0:0][32][10.2.1.8][32][203.0.113.1][10.100.1.3][10.100.1.5]/224, Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
Versions:
Process bRIB/RIB SendTblVer
Speaker 143 143
Last Modified: Sep 12 08:46:17.207 for 00:01:25
Paths: (1 available, best #1)
Not advertised to any peer
Path #1: Received by speaker 0
Not advertised to any peer
Local
10.100.1.5 (metric 30) from 10.100.1.5 (10.100.1.5)
Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, internal, best, group-best, import-candidate, imported
Received Path ID 0, Local Path ID 1, version 143
Extended community: SEG-NH:10.100.1.5:0 RT:10.100.1.3:0
Source AFI: IPv4 MVPN, Source VRF: default, Source Route Distinguisher: 0:0:0
檢查P2MP TE隧道中的資料MDT是否已設定：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE1#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels tabular
Tunnel LSP Destination Source FRR LSP Path
Name ID Address Address State State Role Prot
----------------- ----- --------------- --------------- ------ ------ ---- -----
^tunnel-mte1001 10004 10.100.1.5 10.100.1.3 up Inact Head
^tunnel-mte1005 10002 10.100.1.5 10.100.1.3 up Inact Head
auto_C-PE2_mt1000 10005 10.100.1.3 10.100.1.5 up Inact Tail
^ = automatically created P2MP tunnel
輸出邊界路由器
檢查傳入介面是否為Tmdt介面：
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show mrib route 203.0.113.1
IP Multicast Routing Information Base
Entry flags: L - Domain-Local Source, E - External Source to the Domain,
C - Directly-Connected Check, S - Signal, IA - Inherit Accept,
IF - Inherit From, D - Drop, ME - MDT Encap, EID - Encap ID,
MD - MDT Decap, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed, MH - MDT interface handle
CD - Conditional Decap, MPLS - MPLS Decap, EX - Extranet
MoFE - MoFRR Enabled, MoFS - MoFRR State, MoFP - MoFRR Primary
MoFB - MoFRR Backup, RPFID - RPF ID Set, X - VXLAN
Interface flags: F - Forward, A - Accept, IC - Internal Copy,
NS - Negate Signal, DP - Don't Preserve, SP - Signal Present,
II - Internal Interest, ID - Internal Disinterest, LI - Local Interest,
LD - Local Disinterest, DI - Decapsulation Interface
EI - Encapsulation Interface, MI - MDT Interface, LVIF - MPLS Encap,
EX - Extranet, A2 - Secondary Accept, MT - MDT Threshold Crossed,
MA - Data MDT Assigned, LMI - mLDP MDT Interface, TMI - P2MP-TE MDT Interface
IRMI - IR MDT Interface
(10.2.1.8,203.0.113.1) RPF nbr: 10.100.1.3 Flags: RPF
Up: 00:18:03
Incoming Interface List
Tmdtdefault Flags: A TMI, Up: 00:18:00
Outgoing Interface List
GigabitEthernet0/0/0/0 Flags: F NS, Up: 00:18:03
出口邊界路由器上的RPF指向入口邊界路由器。輸入介面是Tmdtdefault。請注意TE通道的T:
RP/0/0/CPU0:C-PE2#show pim rpf 10.2.1.8
Table: IPv4-Multicast-default
* 10.2.1.8/32 [200/30]
via Tmdtdefault with rpf neighbor 10.100.1.3
示例3：如示例1所示，但PE和邊界路由器之間存在iBGP
請看圖6。
圖6
我們看到的是非對稱設定，其中有一個核心網路，其中一端是mLDP，另一端是PIM和GTM。這可能發生在核心樹遷移期間。C-PE1路由器必須為BGP IPv4多點傳送和BGP IPv4 mVPN的RR。現在，在PE1上，需要在示例1中的C-PE1上配置PIM和多播路由。
示例4：無縫MPLS
我們通過無縫MPLS（整合MPLS）部署GTM。PE路由器必須瞭解GTM，只有思科IOS XR路由器才能理解GTM，而PE路由器必須在PIM域中生成PIM RPF-Proxy向量。需要此PIM RPF-Proxy向量，以便P路由器可以將RPF對映到代理IP地址(ABR)。自Cisco IOS XR 5.3.2起，Cisco IOS XR可以在全域性上下文中發起RPF-Proxy Vector。因此，GTM可以有RPF-Proxy向量。
要發起PIM RPF-Proxy Vector，PE路由器必須具有以下配置：
router pim
address-family [ipv4|ipv6]
rpf-vector
!
!
這允許在無縫MPLS上部署GTM。
修訂記錄
| 修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
|---|---|---|
1.0 |
14-Dec-2022 |
初始版本 |
意見