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本檔案將介紹Cisco IOS®-XE裝置上機箱間NAT高可用性(B2B NAT HA)的配置,重點介紹聚合服務路由器(ASR)1000系列。
B2B NAT HA是在ASR 1000系列路由器之間實現高可用性應用的方法,例如基於區域的防火牆(ZBFW)、網路地址轉換(NAT)、VPN、會話邊界控制器(SBC)等。本文檔介紹如何在Cisco ASR 1000平台上配置B2B NAT HA以及驗證。
思科建議您瞭解以下主題:
本檔案中的資訊是根據搭載Cisco IOS版本XE 3.10及更新版本的ASR 1000系列而來。Cisco IOS-XE 3.5版及更新版本支援B2B NAT HA。
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路正在作用,請確保您已瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
一些常見的故障切換觸發器包括:
本節介紹如何配置B2B NAT HA以及拓撲資訊。
B2 BHA部署可能有以下三種拓撲:
附註:平均冗餘資料包大小為256位元組。
組態可分為兩個主要部分。一部分是啟用RG、冗餘協定、計時器、控制和資料介面的基本配置。第二部分涉及實際資料/流量介面及其與RG的關聯。
此示例嘗試在LAN 172.16.1.4的遠端伺服器192.168.5.5的ASR上實現B2B NAT HA。這些配置目前使用靜態NAT配置進行準備。
ip nat pool POOL1 200.200.200.200 200.200.200.200 netmask 255.255.255.252
ip nat inside source list NAT pool POOL1 redundancy 1 mapping-id 252
Extended IP access list NAT
10 permit ip host 172.16.1.4 host 192.168.5.5
ASR-1 |
ASR-2 |
兩個ASR都應該能夠到達ISP提供的公共IP地址。
ASR-1#ping 200.200.200.200
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 200.200.200.200, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
ASR-2#ping 200.200.200.200
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 200.200.200.200, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
面向區域網的介面連線到分佈層交換機,分佈層交換機又連線到主機。
ASR-1#show run int GigabitEthernet0/0/0 |
ASR-2#show run int GigabitEthernet0/0/0 |
面向ISP的介面具有以下配置:
ASR-1#show run int gi0/0/1 |
ASR-2#show run int gi0/0/1 |
ASR之間的「資料」和「控制」介面已配置如以下各節所示。
ASR-1#show run int gi0/0/2 |
ASR-2#show run int gi0/0/2 |
ASR-1#show run int gi0/0/3 |
ASR-2#show run int gi0/0/3 |
附註:
— 不得在配置為資料介面或控制介面的介面上配置冗餘介面識別符號(RII)。
— 您必須在活動裝置和備用裝置上配置RII和非對稱路由。
— 不能在已配置虛擬IP地址的介面上啟用非對稱路由。
Cisco CLI Analyzer(僅供已註冊客戶使用)支援某些 show 指令。使用 Cisco CLI Analyzer 檢視 show 指令輸出的分析。
ASR-1#show redundancy application group
Group ID Group Name State
-------- ---------- -----
1 TEST ACTIVE
ASR-2#show redundancy application group
Group ID Group Name State
-------- ---------- -----
1 TEST STANDBY
ASR-1#show redundancy application group 1
Group ID:1
Group Name:TEST
Administrative State: No Shutdown
Aggregate operational state : Up
My Role: ACTIVE
Peer Role: STANDBY
Peer Presence: Yes
Peer Comm: Yes
Peer Progression Started: Yes
RF Domain: btob-one
RF state: ACTIVE
Peer RF state: STANDBY HOT
ASR-2#show redundancy application group 1
Group ID:1
Group Name:TEST
Administrative State: No Shutdown
Aggregate operational state : Up
My Role: STANDBY
Peer Role: ACTIVE
Peer Presence: Yes
Peer Comm: Yes
Peer Progression Started: Yes
RF Domain: btob-one
RF state: STANDBY HOT
Peer RF state: ACTIVE
ASR-1#show ip nat translations
Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global
--- 200.200.200.200 172.16.1.4 --- ---
icmp 200.200.200.200:98 172.16.1.4:98 192.168.5.5:98 192.168.5.5:98
Total number of translations: 2
ASR-2#show ip nat translations
Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global
--- 200.200.200.200 172.16.1.4 --- ---
icmp 200.200.200.200:98 172.16.1.4:98 192.168.5.5:98 192.168.5.5:98
Total number of translations: 2
ASR-1#show redundancy application protocol group 1
RG Protocol RG 1
------------------
Role: Active
Negotiation: Enabled
Priority: 150
Protocol state: Active
Ctrl Intf(s) state: Up
Active Peer: Local
Standby Peer: address 10.10.10.2, priority 50, intf Gi0/0/2
Log counters:
role change to active: 7
role change to standby: 7
disable events: rg down state 7, rg shut 0
ctrl intf events: up 7, down 8, admin_down 7
reload events: local request 0, peer request 0
RG Media Context for RG 1
--------------------------
Ctx State: Active
Protocol ID: 1
Media type: Default
Control Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/2
Current Hello timer: 3000
Configured Hello timer: 3000, Hold timer: 9000
Peer Hello timer: 3000, Peer Hold timer: 9000
Stats:
Pkts 386597, Bytes 23969014, HA Seq 0, Seq Number 386597, Pkt Loss 0
Authentication not configured
Authentication Failure: 0
Reload Peer: TX 0, RX 0
Resign: TX 0, RX 1
Standby Peer: Present. Hold Timer: 9000
Pkts 386589, Bytes 13144026, HA Seq 0, Seq Number 1503658, Pkt Loss 0
ASR-2#show redundancy application protocol group 1
RG Protocol RG 1
------------------
Role: Standby
Negotiation: Enabled
Priority: 50
Protocol state: Standby-hot
Ctrl Intf(s) state: Up
Active Peer: address 10.10.10.1, priority 150, intf Gi0/0/2
Standby Peer: Local
Log counters:
role change to active: 8
role change to standby: 16009
disable events: rg down state 1, rg shut 0
ctrl intf events: up 9, down 10, admin_down 1
reload events: local request 15999, peer request 2
RG Media Context for RG 1
--------------------------
Ctx State: Standby
Protocol ID: 1
Media type: Default
Control Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/2
Current Hello timer: 3000
Configured Hello timer: 3000, Hold timer: 9000
Peer Hello timer: 3000, Peer Hold timer: 9000
Stats:
Pkts 1503674, Bytes 93227788, HA Seq 0, Seq Number 1503674, Pkt Loss 0
Authentication not configured
Authentication Failure: 0
Reload Peer: TX 2, RX 2
Resign: TX 8, RX 7
Active Peer: Present. Hold Timer: 9000
Pkts 386603, Bytes 13144502, HA Seq 0, Seq Number 386613, Pkt Loss 0
ASR-1#show platform hardware qfp active system rg 1
Redundancy Group 1
State: RG_ACTIVE
Bulksync: NO BULKSYNC REQ
Transport:
SYNC_B2B LISTEN
cp hdl 0x01013e8d dp hdl 0x03010006, platfm hdl 0x0000fa35
L3_IPV4
src addr 10.11.11.1 dest addr 10.11.11.2
L4_UDP_RELIABLE
src port 19510 dest port 3497
AR transport not available
Stats:
RG Request:
CREATE 0
UPDATE 32048
DELETE 0
RG State:
RG_PREINIT 0
RG_INIT 7
RG_STANDBY 21
RG_ACTIVE 32020
RG Transport Request:
NA 0
OPEN 16014
CLOSE 0
RG Transport Status:
CONN_ESTB 7
CONN_FAIL 0
TRANS_DOWN 0
TRANS_DOWN_GRACEFUL 8
Bulksync:
Request 7
Success 7
Fail 0
ASR-1#show platform hardware qfp active system rg 1 stats
trans index: 00000006 Trans Type: 00000001 RG 1
mf_flags 0x40000000 seq_flags 0x700003ff
ha_control_state 0x5
pending ack 00000000
keepalive_timeout 00000100
rx_seq_flags 0x8000000
rx_seq_num 0x2c0d4a44
tx_seq 0xb4965908
tx_ack_tail 0xb4965908
tx_seq_flags 0x700003ff
tx 0000000000580126
rx 0000000000580089
retx 0000000000000000
rx dropped 0000000000000000
records dropped 0000000000000000
tx dropped 0000000000000000
ack dropped 00000000 oob pkts dropped 00000000
send dropped 00000000 rx_control_msgs 00580090
tx control_msgs 00580078 for_us_hits 01160217
sync_alloc_failures 00000000 status_notifications 00000001
sync_msgs_received 00580093 sync_msgs_sent 00580133
for_us_udp_checksum_drops 00000000
acks sent 00580089 rcvd 00580126 nacks sent 00000000 rcvd 00000000
ISR1(config-red-app)#group 1
ISR1(config-red-app-grp)#shutdown
目前尚無適用於此組態的具體疑難排解資訊。