本產品的文件集力求使用無偏見用語。針對本文件集的目的,無偏見係定義為未根據年齡、身心障礙、性別、種族身分、民族身分、性別傾向、社會經濟地位及交織性表示歧視的用語。由於本產品軟體使用者介面中硬式編碼的語言、根據 RFP 文件使用的語言,或引用第三方產品的語言,因此本文件中可能會出現例外狀況。深入瞭解思科如何使用包容性用語。
思科已使用電腦和人工技術翻譯本文件,讓全世界的使用者能夠以自己的語言理解支援內容。請注意,即使是最佳機器翻譯,也不如專業譯者翻譯的內容準確。Cisco Systems, Inc. 對這些翻譯的準確度概不負責,並建議一律查看原始英文文件(提供連結)。
本檔案介紹使用虛擬連結的開放最短路徑優先(OSPF)連線。
思科建議您瞭解以下主題:
如何配置OSPF
本檔案所述內容不限於特定軟體或硬體版本。
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
如需文件慣例的詳細資訊,請參閱思科技術提示慣例。
開放最短路徑優先(OSPF)自治系統中的所有區域必須物理連線到主幹區域(區域0)。在某些情況下,如果無法實現,則可以使用虛擬鏈路通過非骨幹區域連線到骨幹。您還可以使用虛擬鏈路通過非主幹區域連線分割槽主幹的兩個部分。配置虛擬鏈路所經過的區域(稱為中轉區)必須具有完整的路由資訊。中轉區域不能是末節區域。本文檔研究虛擬鏈路環境中的OSPF資料庫。您可以在OSPF設計手冊中閱讀有關虛擬鏈路的更多資訊。
本節提供用於設定本文件中所述功能的資訊。
本檔案會使用以下網路設定:
本檔案會使用以下設定:
Router10.1.1.1 |
---|
Current configuration: hostname Router10.1.1.1 ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.1.1.1 |
注意:OSPF路由器ID通常是機箱上的最高IP地址或最高環回地址(如果存在)。路由器ID僅在啟動時或OSPF進程重新啟動時計算。發出show ip ospf interface命令以查詢路由器ID。
Router10.2.2.2 |
---|
Current configuration: hostname Router10.2.2.2 ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.0.0 ! interface Serial0/1/0 ip address 10.5.0.2 255.255.0.0 ! interface ATM1/0.20 point-to-point ip address 10.6.0.2 255.255.0.0 ! router ospf 2 network 10.6.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1 network 10.5.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1 ! end |
Router10.3.3.3 |
---|
Current configuration: hostname Router10.3.3.3 ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.3.3.3 255.255.0.0 ! interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 10.12.03 255.255.0.0 ! interface ATM2/0.20 point-to-point ip address 10.6.0.3 255.255.0.0 ! router ospf 2 network 10.12.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 2 network 10.6.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1 area 1 virtual-link 10.1.1.1 ! |
最初,虛擬鏈路處於關閉狀態,因為Router10.1.1.1不知道如何到達Router10.3.3.3(虛擬鏈路的另一端)。區域1中的所有鏈路狀態通告(LSA)都需要泛洪,並且所有三台路由器都必須在區域1內運行最短路徑優先(SPF)演算法,這樣Router10.1.1.1才能知道如何通過區域1到達Router10.3.3.3。
當路由器知道如何通過中轉區域到達彼此後,它們會嘗試通過虛擬鏈路建立鄰接關係。虛擬鏈路兩端之間的OSPF資料包不是組播資料包。它們是從源10.5.0.1傳輸到目標10.6.0.3的隧道資料包,因為它們通過隧道傳輸到虛擬鏈路的另一端。必須注意的是,如果虛擬鏈路路由器之間存在防火牆,則需要啟用位於10.5.0.1和10.6.0.3之間的虛擬鏈路隧道傳出介面IP之間的OSPF(IP協定89)埠。
一旦路由器在虛擬鏈路上成為相鄰路由器,路由器10.3.3.3就會將自己視為區域邊界路由器(ABR),因為它現在在區域0中有鏈路。因此,Router10.3.3.3在區域0和區域1中為10.12.0.0/16建立彙總LSA。
如果虛擬鏈路由於某種原因配置錯誤,則Router10.3.3.3不會認為自己是ABR,因為它在區域0中沒有任何介面。如果是這種情況,它不會建立彙總LSA或將10.12.0.0/16通告到區域1。
注意:OSPF在IP之上運行並使用協定號89。OSPF不依賴於任何其他傳輸協定,例如TCP和UDP。
本節從Router10.2.2.2的角度計算最短路徑。
Router10.2.2.2在自己的LSA中查詢,並看到Router10.3.3.3是鄰居。然後檢視Router10.3.3.3的LSA,以驗證Router10.3.3.3是否將Router10.2.2.2視為鄰居。如果兩台路由器都視彼此為鄰居,則認為它們是可到達的。
每台路由器還檢查其本地鄰居表(您可在中看到) show ip ospf neighbor
命令),檢驗其介面和鄰居的介面是否位於公用IP子網中。
註:未編號的介面不執行此檢查。
如果它們位於同一個子網上,則路由器會為其鄰居路由器LSA中列出的任何末節網路安裝路由。在本示例中,10.6.0.0/16是區域1中Router10.3.3.3的LSA中列出的唯一末節網路,而Router10.2.2.2已直接連線到該末節網路。
Router10.3.3.3對Router10.1.1.1的LSA執行相同的檢查,但Router10.1.1.1的LSA中沒有任何有用的末節網路。
檢查區域1中的所有可到達路由器LSA後,Router10.2.2.2會檢視資料庫中的彙總LSA。它在區域1中找到10.12.0.0/16的兩個彙總LSA,並選擇總成本最低的一個,總成本是到達廣告路由器的度量加上彙總LSA的度量。
Router10.2.2.2可以通過Router10.1.1.1到達10.12.0.0,開銷為64 + 75 = 139。
Router10.2.2.2可以通過Router10.3.3.3到達10.12.0.0,開銷為1 + 10 = 11。
此輸出顯示了前面介紹的每台路由器的路由表中的OSPF路由:
Router10.1.1.1#show ip route ospf !--- Output suppressed. O 10.6.0.0/16 [110/65] via 10.5.0.2, 00:38:12, Serial2/1/0 O IA 10.12.0.0/16 [110/75] via 10.5.0.2, 00:38:02, Serial2/1/0 Router10.2.2.2#show ip route ospf !--- Output suppressed. O IA 10.4.0.0/16 [110/74] via 10.5.0.1, 00:38:08, Serial0/1/0 O IA 10.12.0.0/16 [110/11] via 10.6.0.3, 00:38:12, ATM1/0.20 !--- This is the route in this example. Router10.3.3.3#show ip route ospf !--- Output suppressed. O 10.4.0.0/16 [110/75] via 10.6.0.2, 00:38:18, ATM2/0.20 O 10.5.0.0/16 [110/65] via 10.6.0.2, 00:38:28, ATM2/0.20
您還可以在Router10.1.1.1和Router10.3.3.3之間建立通用路由封裝(GRE)通道,並將通道放在區域0中。下表描述了GRE通道和虛擬鏈路之間的主要區別:
GRE通道 | 虛擬連結 |
---|---|
通道中的所有流量都會被通道端點封裝和解除封裝。 | 路由更新通過隧道傳輸,但資料流量以本機方式傳送。 |
每個封包中的通道標頭都會導致額外負荷。 | 資料流量不受任何隧道開銷的影響。 |
隧道可以通過末節區域。 | 中轉區域不能是末節區域,因為末節區域中的路由器沒有外部目標的路由。由於資料是本地傳送的,因此,如果發往外部目的地的資料包被傳送到末節區域(該末節區域也是中轉區域),則資料包將無法正確路由。末節區域中的路由器沒有特定外部目標的路由。 |
使用本節內容,確認您的組態是否正常運作。
注意:只有註冊思科使用者才能訪問內部思科工具和資訊。
Cisco CLI Analyzer支援某些功能 show
指令。使用工具檢視分析 show
命令輸出。
show ip ospf database
— 顯示LSA清單並將其鍵入到鏈路狀態資料庫中。此清單僅顯示LSA報頭中的資訊。
show ip ospf database [router] [link-state-id]
— 顯示資料庫中路由器的所有LSA的清單。LSA由每台路由器生成。這些基本LSA列出路由器或介面的所有鏈路,以及鏈路的狀態和傳出成本,並且它們僅在其源區域內泛洪。
show ip ospf [process-id [area-id]] database [summary] [link-state-id]
— 僅顯示有關資料庫中網路摘要LSA的資訊。
show ip ospf database [summary] [self-originate]
— 僅顯示自發的LSA(來自本地路由器)。
在給定的網路環境中,當您發出 show ip ospf database
指令。
Router10.1.1.1#show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (10.1.1.1) (Process ID 2) Router Link States (Area 0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.1 919 0x80000003 0xD5DF 2 10.3.3.3 10.3.3.3 5 (DNA) 0x80000002 0x3990 1 Summary Net Link States (Area 0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum 10.5.0.0 10.1.1.1 1945 0x80000002 0xAA48 10.5.0.0 10.3.3.3 9 (DNA) 0x80000001 0x7A70 10.6.0.0 10.1.1.1 1946 0x80000002 0xA749 10.6.0.0 10.3.3.3 9 (DNA) 0x80000001 0xEA3F 10.12.0.0 10.3.3.3 9 (DNA) 0x80000001 0xF624 Router Link States (Area 1) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.1 1946 0x80000005 0xDDA6 2 10.2.2.2 10.2.2.2 10 0x80000009 0x64DD 4 10.3.3.3 10.3.3.3 930 0x80000006 0xA14C 2 Summary Net Link States (Area 1) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum 10.4.0.0 10.1.1.1 1947 0x80000002 0x9990 10.4.0.0 10.3.3.3 911 0x80000001 0xEBF5 10.12.0.0 10.1.1.1 913 0x80000001 0xBF22 10.12.0.0 10.3.3.3 931 0x80000001 0xF624 Router10.2.2.2#show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (10.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) Router Link States (Area 1) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.1 1988 0x80000005 0xDDA6 2 10.2.2.2 10.2.2.2 50 0x80000009 0x64DD 4 10.3.3.3 10.3.3.3 969 0x80000006 0xA14C 2 Summary Net Link States (Area 1) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum 10.4.0.0 10.1.1.1 1988 0x80000002 0x9990 10.4.0.0 10.3.3.3 950 0x80000001 0xEBF5 10.12.0.0 10.1.1.1 955 0x80000001 0xBF22 10.12.0.0 10.3.3.3 970 0x80000001 0xF624 Router10.3.3.3#show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (10.3.3.3) (Process ID 2) Router Link States (Area 0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.1 6 (DNA) 0x80000003 0xD5DF 2 10.3.3.3 10.3.3.3 977 0x80000002 0x3990 1 Summary Net Link States (Area 0) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum 10.5.0.0 10.1.1.1 1027 (DNA) 0x80000002 0xAA48 10.5.0.0 10.3.3.3 986 0x80000001 0x7A70 10.6.0.0 10.1.1.1 1027 (DNA) 0x80000002 0xA749 10.6.0.0 10.3.3.3 987 0x80000001 0xEA3F 10.12.0.0 10.3.3.3 987 0x80000001 0xF624 Router Link States (Area 1) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.1 2007 0x80000005 0xDDA6 2 10.2.2.2 10.2.2.2 68 0x80000009 0x64DD 4 10.3.3.3 10.3.3.3 987 0x80000006 0xA14C 2 Summary Net Link States (Area 1) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum 10.4.0.0 10.1.1.1 2007 0x80000002 0x9990 10.4.0.0 10.3.3.3 967 0x80000001 0xEBF5 10.12.0.0 10.1.1.1 973 0x80000001 0xBF22 10.12.0.0 10.3.3.3 987 0x80000001 0xF624 Router Link States (Area 2) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count 10.3.3.3 10.3.3.3 987 0x80000003 0xCF5 1 Summary Net Link States (Area 2) Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum 10.4.0.0 10.3.3.3 968 0x80000001 0xEBF5 10.5.0.0 10.3.3.3 988 0x80000001 0x7A70 10.6.0.0 10.3.3.3 988 0x80000001 0xEA3F
請注意,通過虛擬連結學習的LSA具有DoNotAgeoption。虛擬鏈路被視為需求電路。
Router10.1.1.1#show ip ospf database router 10.1.1.1 OSPF Router with ID (10.1.1.1) (Process ID 2) Router Link States (Area 0) LS age: 1100 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 10.1.1.1 !--- For router links, Link State ID is always the same as the Advertising Router. Advertising Router: 10.1.1.1 !--- This is the router ID of the router that created this LSA. LS Seq Number: 80000003 Checksum: 0xD5DF Length: 48 Area Border Router !--- Bit B in the router LSA indicates that this router is an ABR. Number of Links: 2 !--- There are two links in Area 0. Link connected to: a Virtual Link (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 10.3.3.3 !--- Router ID of the neighbor on the other end of the virtual link. (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.5.0.1 !--- The interface that this router uses to send packets to the neighbor. Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 65 !--- The metric comes from the cost for this router to reach the neighboring router:
!--- the ATM link has a cost of 1 and the serial link has a cost of 64. Link connected to: a Stub Network !--- This represents the Ethernet segment 10.4.0.0/16. (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.4.0.0 (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.0.0 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 10 Router Link States (Area 1) LS age: 122 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 10.1.1.1 Advertising Router: 10.1.1.1 LS Seq Number: 80000006 Checksum: 0xDBA7 Length: 48 Area Border Router Number of Links: 2 !--- There are two links in Area 1. Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 10.2.2.2 (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.5.0.1 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 64 Link connected to: a Stub Network (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.5.0.0 (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.0.0 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 64 Router10.1.1.1#show ip ospf database router 10.2.2.2 OSPF Router with ID (10.1.1.1) (Process ID 2) Router Link States (Area 1) LS age: 245 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 10.2.2.2 Advertising Router: 10.2.2.2 LS Seq Number: 80000009 Checksum: 0x64DD Length: 72 Number of Links: 4 !--- There are four links in Area 1. Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 10.3.3.3 (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.6.0.2 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 1 Link connected to: a Stub Network (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.6.0.0 (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.0.0 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 1 Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 10.1.1.1 (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.5.0.2 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 64 Link connected to: a Stub Network (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.5.0.0 (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.0.0 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 64 Router10.1.1.1#show ip ospf database router 10.3.3.3 OSPF Router with ID (10.1.1.1) (Process ID 2) Router Link States (Area 0) Routing Bit Set on this LSA LS age: 5 (DoNotAge) Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 10.3.3.3 Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0x3990 Length: 36 Area Border Router Number of Links: 1 !--- There is one link in Area 0. Link connected to: a Virtual Link (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 10.1.1.1 (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.6.0.3 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 65 Router Link States (Area 1) Routing Bit Set on this LSA LS age: 1137 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Router Links Link State ID: 10.3.3.3 Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000006 Checksum: 0xA14C Length: 48 Area Border Router Number of Links: 2 !--- There are two links in Area 1. Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 10.2.2.2 (Link Data) Router Interface address: 10.6.0.3 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 1 Link connected to: a Stub Network (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 10.6.0.0 (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.0.0 Number of TOS metrics: 0 TOS 0 Metrics: 1
Router10.3.3.3認為自己是ABR,因為它有到區域0(虛擬鏈路)的鏈路。因此,它會將10.12.0.0的彙總LSA生成到區域1和區域0,當您發出 show ip ospf database summary
指令。
Router10.3.3.3#show ip ospf database summary 10.12.0.0 OSPF Router with ID (10.3.3.3) (Process ID 2) Summary Net Link States (Area 0) LS age: 1779 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.12.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000001 Checksum: 0xF624 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 10 Summary Net Link States (Area 1) LS age: 1766 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.12.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.1.1.1 LS Seq Number: 80000001 Checksum: 0xBF22 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 75 LS age: 1781 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.12.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000001 Checksum: 0xF624 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 10
另請注意,Router10.3.3.3會在區域2中為其從區域0和區域1獲取的所有資訊建立彙總LSA。
Router10.3.3.3#show ip ospf database summary self-originate OSPF Router with ID (10.3.3.3) (Process ID 2) Summary Net Link States (Area 0) LS age: 155 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.5.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0x7871 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 65 LS age: 155 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.6.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0xE840 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 1 LS age: 156 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.12.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0xF425 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 10 Summary Net Link States (Area 1) LS age: 157 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.4.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0xE9F6 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 75 LS age: 165 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.12.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0xF425 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 10 Summary Net Link States (Area 2) LS age: 167 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.4.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0xE9F6 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 75 LS age: 168 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.5.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0x7871 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 65 LS age: 168 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 10.6.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 10.3.3.3 LS Seq Number: 80000002 Checksum: 0xE840 Length: 28 Network Mask: /16 TOS: 0 Metric: 1
使用本節內容,對組態進行疑難排解。
注意:只有註冊思科使用者才能訪問內部思科工具和資訊。
Cisco CLI Analyzer支援某些show 指令。使用OIT檢視show命令輸出的分析。
附註:使用 debug 指令之前,請先參閱有關 Debug 指令的重要資訊。
debug ip ospf adj — 顯示建立或中斷OSPF鄰接關係所涉及的事件。
路由器會變得相鄰並通過虛擬鏈路(類似於物理鏈路)交換LSA。如果您檢查路由器LSA或debug ip ospf adj 命令的輸出,就可以看到鄰接關係:
Router10.3.3.3# May 26 17:25:03.089: OSPF: Rcv hello from 10.1.1.1 area 0 from OSPF_VL3 10.5.0.1 May 26 17:25:03.091: OSPF: 2 Way Communication to 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3, state 2WAY May 26 17:25:03.091: OSPF: Send DBD to 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3 seq 0xD1C opt 0x62 flag 0x7 len 32 May 26 17:25:03.135: OSPF: End of hello processing May 26 17:25:03.139: OSPF: Rcv DBD from 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3 seq 0x1617 opt 0x22 flag 0x7 len 32 mtu 0 state EXSTART May 26 17:25:03.175: OSPF: First DBD and we are not SLAVE May 26 17:25:03.179: OSPF: Rcv DBD from 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3 seq 0xD1C opt 0x22 flag 0x2 len 172 mtu 0 state EXSTART May 26 17:25:03.183: OSPF: NBR Negotiation Done. We are the MASTER May 26 17:25:03.189: OSPF: Send DBD to 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3 seq 0xD1D opt 0x62 flag 0x3 len 172 May 26 17:25:03.191: OSPF: Database request to 10.1.1.1 May 26 17:25:03.191: OSPF: sent LS REQ packet to 10.5.0.1, length 36 May 26 17:25:03.263: OSPF: Rcv DBD from 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3 seq 0xD1D opt 0x22 flag 0x0 len 32 mtu 0 state EXCHANGE May 26 17:25:03.267: OSPF: Send DBD to 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3 seq 0xD1E opt 0x62 flag 0x1 len 32 May 26 17:25:03.311: OSPF: Rcv DBD from 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3 seq 0xD1E opt 0x22 flag 0x0 len 32 mtu 0 state EXCHANGE May 26 17:25:03.311: OSPF: Exchange Done with 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3 May 26 17:25:03.315: OSPF: Synchronized with 10.1.1.1 on OSPF_VL3, state FULL May 26 17:25:03.823: OSPF: Build router LSA for area 0, router ID 10.3.3.3, seq 0x80000029 May 26 17:25:03.854: OSPF: Dead event ignored for 10.1.1.1 on demand circuit OSPF_VL3 Router10.3.3.3#show ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 10.2.2.2 1 FULL/ - 00:00:38 10.6.0.2 ATM2/0.20 Router10.3.3.3#show ip ospf virtual-links Virtual Link OSPF_VL3 to router 10.1.1.1 is up Run as demand circuit DoNotAge LSA allowed. Transit area 1, via interface ATM2/0.20, Cost of using 65 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT, Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 Hello due in 00:00:01 Adjacency State FULL (Hello suppressed) Index 1/2, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 0 First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Last retransmission scan length is 0, maximum is 0 Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
請注意,虛擬鏈路上的鄰接關係未顯示在 show ip ospf neighbor
命令輸出。檢視它們的唯一方法是檢視路由器LSA並觀察 debug
命令,或發出 show ip ospf virtual-links
指令。
修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
---|---|---|
1.0 |
13-Jan-2004 |
初始版本 |