OSPF不是那麼末梢區域第7類到第5類鏈路狀態通告轉換

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已更新: 2005 年 8 月 10 日
文件 ID:47867

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關於此翻譯

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簡介

本文說明開放最短路徑優先(OSPF)如何將第7類非純末梢區域(NSSA)鏈路狀態通告(LSA)轉換為第5類LSA。

必要條件

需求

本文件沒有特定需求。

採用元件

本文件所述內容不限於特定軟體和硬體版本。

慣例

如需文件慣例的詳細資訊，請參閱思科技術提示慣例。

設定

本節提供用於設定本文件中所述功能的資訊。

注意：要查詢有關本文檔中使用的命令的其他資訊，請使用命令查詢工具(僅限註冊客戶)。

網路圖表

本檔案會使用下圖中所示的網路設定。

ospfdb8a.gif

組態

本文檔使用此處顯示的配置。

路由器1.1.1.1 
Current configuration:

hostname r1.1.1.1

interface Loopback0
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.0.0.0

interface Serial2/1/0
 ip address 5.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
  
interface Ethernet2/0/0
 ip address 4.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
 
router ospf 4
 redistribute static metric 5 metric-type 1
 network 5.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
 network 4.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
 area 1 nssa
 
ip route 9.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 4.0.0.2

end

路由器2.2.2.2 
Current configuration:

hostname r2.2.2.2

interface Loopback0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.0.0.0
 
interface Serial0/1/0
 ip address 5.0.0.2 255.0.0.0

interface ATM1/0.20
 ip address 6.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
 
router ospf 2
 network 5.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
 network 6.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
 area 1 nssa

end

路由器3.3.3.3 
Current configuration:

hostname r3.3.3.3

interface Loopback0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.0.0.0

interface ATM2/0.20 point-to-point
 ip address 6.0.0.3 255.0.0.0
 
router ospf 2
 network 6.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0

end

驗證

本節提供的資訊可用於確認您的組態是否正常運作。

輸出直譯器工具(僅供註冊客戶使用)支援某些show命令，此工具可讓您檢視show命令輸出的分析。

  • show ip ospf database — 顯示LSA清單並將其鍵入鏈路狀態資料庫。此清單僅顯示LSA報頭中的資訊。

  • show ip ospf database nssa-external — 僅顯示有關NSSA外部LSA的資訊。

  • show ip ospf database external — 僅顯示關於外部LSA的資訊。

  • show ip ospf database [router] [link-state-id] — 顯示資料庫中路由器的所有LSA的清單。LSA由每台路由器生成，這些基本LSA列出所有路由器的鏈路或介面，以及鏈路的狀態和傳出成本。它們只被淹沒在它們的源頭地區。

  • show ip ospf database summary <link-state id> — 顯示區域邊界路由器(ABR)摘要鏈路。

  • show ip route — 顯示路由表的當前狀態。

檢查OSPF資料庫

要檢視給定此網路環境的OSPF資料庫外觀，請使用show ip ospf database命令。 

r2.2.2.2#show ip ospf database 

       OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) 

                Router Link States (Area 0) 

Link ID   ADV Router    Age    Seq#           Checksum     Link count 
2.2.2.2    2.2.2.2      1235   0x8000001D     0xD9FF           2 
3.3.3.3    3.3.3.3      1100   0x8000000B     0x9455           2 

                Summary Net Link States (Area 0) 

Link ID   ADV Router   Age    Seq#          Checksum 
4.0.0.0    2.2.2.2     1979   0x80000002    0xFDE7 
5.0.0.0    2.2.2.2     1483   0x80000004    0x8864 

                Router Link States (Area 1) 

Link ID   ADV Router   Age    Seq#          Checksum     Link count 
1.1.1.1    1.1.1.1     319    0x8000000C    0xAFA8           3 
2.2.2.2    2.2.2.2     220    0x8000002F    0xD478           2 

                Summary Net Link States (Area 1) 

Link ID   ADV Router   Age    Seq#           Checksum 
6.0.0.0    2.2.2.2     1483   0x8000001C     0x7894 

                Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 1) 

Link ID   ADV Router   Age    Seq#          Checksum     Tag 
9.0.0.0    1.1.1.1     334    0x80000005    0xD738        0 

                Type-5 AS External Link States 

Link ID   ADV Router   Age    Seq#          Checksum     Tag 
9.0.0.0    2.2.2.2     1725   0x80000004    0x50C6        0

要將外部路由通告到NSSA，自治系統邊界路由器(ASBR)會建立nssa外部LSA（型別7）。 

r2.2.2.2#show ip ospf database nssa-external 9.0.0.0 

       OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) 

                Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 1) 

  Routing Bit Set on this LSA 
  LS age: 381 
  Options: (No TOS-capability, Type 7/5 translation, DC)

!--- This can be translated into a type 5 LSA by !--- an ABR. 

  LS Type: AS External Link 
  Link State ID: 9.0.0.0 (External Network Number ) 

!--- The ASBR (Router 1.1.1.1) advertises !--- 9.0.0.0/8. 

  Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1

!--- Router ID of the ASBR.
 
  LS Seq Number: 80000005 
  Checksum: 0xD738 
  Length: 36 
  Network Mask: /8 
        Metric Type: 1 (Comparable directly to link state metric) 
        TOS: 0 
        Metric: 5 
        Forward Address: 4.0.0.1

!--- Forwarding address is incorrectly specified !--- as an interface on the ASBR.

ABR將第7類LSA轉換為第5類LSA，並將第5類LSA傳播到正常區域。

r2.2.2.2#show ip ospf database external 9.0.0.0 

       OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) 

                Type-5 AS External Link States 

  LS age: 1782 
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) 
  LS Type: AS External Link 
  Link State ID: 9.0.0.0 (External Network Number )

!--- Router 2.2.2.2 advertises 9.0.0.0/8.
 
  Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2 

!--- When the conversion is complete, the advertising !--- router ID becomes the ABR router ID !--- because the ABR originates this type 5 LSA. 

  LS Seq Number: 80000004 
  Checksum: 0x50C6 
  Length: 36 
  Network Mask: /8 
        Metric Type: 1 (Comparable directly to link state metric) 
        TOS: 0 
        Metric: 5 
        Forward Address: 4.0.0.1 
        External Route Tag: 0 
  

r2.2.2.2#show ip ospf database router 1.1.1.1 

       OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) 

                Router Link States (Area 1) 

  Routing Bit Set on this LSA 
  LS age: 426 
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) 
  LS Type: Router Links 
  Link State ID: 1.1.1.1

!--- For router links, Link State ID is always the same !--- as the advertising router (next line). 

  Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1
  LS Seq Number: 8000000C 
  Checksum: 0xAFA8 
  Length: 60 
  AS Boundary Router

!--- Bit E in the router LSA indicates that this router !--- originates from external LSAs.
 
   Number of Links: 3

!--- There are three links in area 1. 


    Link connected to: a Stub Network

!--- This represents the Ethernet segment 4.0.0.0/8.
 
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 4.0.0.0 
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.0.0.0 
      Number of TOS metrics: 0 
       TOS 0 Metrics: 10

!--- The OSPF cost of the Ethernet segment.
 

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) 

!--- Shows that Router 1.1.1.1 is a neighbor with !--- Router 2.2.2.2. 

     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2 
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 5.0.0.1

!--- The interface address that connects to Router !--- 2.2.2.2 is 5.0.0.1.
 
      Number of TOS metrics: 0 
       TOS 0 Metrics: 64

!--- The OSPF cost of the link that connects !--- the two routers.

    Link connected to: a Stub Network 

!--- This represents the serial link 5.0.0.0/8.
 
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 5.0.0.0 
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.0.0.0 
      Number of TOS metrics: 0 
       TOS 0 Metrics: 64

!--- The OSPF cost of the serial link.

從這裡的bold輸出可以看到，儘管Router 2.2.2.2的組態中沒有任何redistribute陳述式，但它仍是ASBR，因為它將第7類LSA轉換為第5類LSA。 

r2.2.2.2#show ip ospf database router 2.2.2.2 

       OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) 

                Router Link States (Area 0) 

  LS age: 1361 
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) 
  LS Type: Router Links 
  Link State ID: 2.2.2.2 
  Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2 
  LS Seq Number: 8000001D 
  Checksum: 0xD9FF 
  Length: 48 
  Area Border Router 
  
!--- Bit B is set in the router LSA to indicate !--- that this router is an ABR.
 
  AS Boundary Router
  
!--- Bit E in the router LSA indicates that this router !--- originates from external LSAs.

   Number of Links: 2 
  
!--- There are two links in area 0. 


    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) 
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 3.3.3.3 
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 6.0.0.2 
      Number of TOS metrics: 0 
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1 

    Link connected to: a Stub Network 
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 6.0.0.0 
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.0.0.0 
      Number of TOS metrics: 0 
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1

                Router Link States (Area 1) 

  LS age: 346 
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) 
  LS Type: Router Links 
  Link State ID: 2.2.2.2 
  Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2 
  LS Seq Number: 8000002F 
  Checksum: 0xD478 
  Length: 48 
  Area Border Router 
  AS Boundary Router 
   Number of Links: 2 

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) 
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 1.1.1.1 
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 5.0.0.2 
      Number of TOS metrics: 0 
       TOS 0 Metrics: 64 

    Link connected to: a Stub Network 
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 5.0.0.0 
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.0.0.0 
      Number of TOS metrics: 0 
       TOS 0 Metrics: 64 
  

r2.2.2.2#show ip ospf database router 3.3.3.3 

       OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) 

                Router Link States (Area 0) 

  LS age: 1245 
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) 
  LS Type: Router Links 
  Link State ID: 3.3.3.3 
  Advertising Router: 3.3.3.3 
  LS Seq Number: 8000000B 
  Checksum: 0x9455 
  Length: 48 
   Number of Links: 2 

    Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point) 
     (Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2 
     (Link Data) Router Interface address: 6.0.0.3 
      Number of TOS metrics: 0 
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1 

    Link connected to: a Stub Network 
     (Link ID) Network/subnet number: 6.0.0.0 
     (Link Data) Network Mask: 255.0.0.0 
      Number of TOS metrics: 0 
       TOS 0 Metrics: 1

要將路由從一個區域通告到另一個區域，ABR會建立彙總LSA（型別3）。 

r2.2.2.2#show ip ospf database summary 4.0.0.0 

       OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) 

                Summary Net Link States (Area 0) 

  LS age: 172 
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) 
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network) 
  Link State ID: 4.0.0.0 (summary Network Number)
  
!--- The ABR (Router 2.2.2.2) advertises !--- 4.0.0.0/8 into area 0.

  Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2 
  LS Seq Number: 80000003 
  Checksum: 0xFBE8 
  Length: 28 
  Network Mask: /8 
        TOS: 0  Metric: 74 

r2.2.2.2#show ip ospf database summary 5.0.0.0 

       OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) 

                Summary Net Link States (Area 0) 

  LS age: 1687 
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) 
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network) 
  Link State ID: 5.0.0.0 (summary Network Number)
  
!--- The ABR (Router 2.2.2.2) advertises !--- 5.0.0.0/8 into area 0. 

  Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2 
  LS Seq Number: 80000004 
  Checksum: 0x8864 
  Length: 28 
  Network Mask: /8 
        TOS: 0  Metric: 64 

r2.2.2.2#show ip ospf database summary 6.0.0.0 

       OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 2) 

                Summary Net Link States (Area 1) 

  LS age: 1697 
  Options: (No TOS-capability, DC) 
  LS Type: Summary Links(Network) 
  Link State ID: 6.0.0.0 (summary Network Number)
  
!--- The ABR (Router 2.2.2.2) advertises !--- 6.0.0.0/8 into area 1.

  Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2 
  LS Seq Number: 8000001C 
  Checksum: 0x7894 
  Length: 28 
  Network Mask: /8 
        TOS: 0  Metric: 1

在本例中，不需要ASBR彙總LSA，因為ABR建立外部LSA，並且可以在區域0內訪問ABR。通過檢視資料庫示例OSPF如何將外部路由傳播到多個區域，將此示例與NSSA是正常區域的場景進行比較。

此路由表輸出顯示9.0.0.0稱為每台路由器的OSPF路由的不同型別。 

r1.1.1.1#show ip route 9.0.0.0 
Routing entry for 9.0.0.0/8 
  Known via "static", distance 1, metric 0 
  Redistributing via ospf 4 
  Advertised by ospf 4 metric 5 metric-type 1 
  Routing Descriptor Blocks: 
  * 4.0.0.2 
      Route metric is 0, traffic share count is 1

r2.2.2.2#show ip route ospf 
O    4.0.0.0/8 [110/74] via 5.0.0.1, 01:10:13, Serial0/1/0 
O N1 9.0.0.0/8 [110/79] via 5.0.0.1, 01:07:20, Serial0/1/0 

R3.3.3.3#show ip route ospf
O IA 4.0.0.0/8 [110/75] via 6.0.0.2, 02:11:14, ATM2/0.20 
O IA 5.0.0.0/8 [110/65] via 6.0.0.2, 03:10:41, ATM2/0.20 
O E1 9.0.0.0/8 [110/80] via 6.0.0.2, 02:08:11, ATM2/0.20

疑難排解

目前尚無適用於此組態的具體疑難排解資訊。

相關資訊

修訂記錄

修訂 發佈日期 意見
1.0
10-Aug-2005
初始版本

貢獻者

  • dravindr
    花屬
  • rvigil
    沙米姆

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