確定由於證書問題導致的ASA智慧許可失敗

簡介

本文檔介紹如何確定由於證書握手失敗導致的ASA智慧許可故障。

必要條件 

需求

本文件沒有特定需求。

採用元件

本文件所述內容不限於特定軟體和硬體版本。

本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除（預設）的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中，請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。

背景資訊

本文檔介紹如何應對2016年3月和2018年10月發生的更改，在這些更改中，主機tools.cisco.com的Web伺服器被遷移到不同的根證書頒發機構(CA)證書。遷移後，某些ASA（自適應安全裝置）裝置在註冊ID令牌或嘗試續訂當前授權時無法連線到智慧軟體許可門戶(託管在tools.cisco.com上)。已確定這是與證書相關的問題。具體來說，向ASA提供的新證書由不同於ASA預期並預載入的中間CA簽署。

問題

嘗試向智慧軟體許可門戶註冊ASAv時，註冊失敗，出現連線或通訊故障。show license registration和call-home test profile license命令會顯示這些輸出。

ASAv# show license registration
        Registration Status: Retry In Progress.
        Registration Start Time: Mar 22 13:25:46 2016 UTC
        Registration Status: Retry In Progress.
        Registration Start Time: Mar 22 13:25:46 2016 UTC
        Last Retry Start Time: Mar 22 13:26:32 2016 UTC.
        Next Scheduled Retry Time: Mar 22 13:45:31 2016 UTC.
        Number of Retries: 1.
        Last License Server response time: Mar 22 13:26:32 2016 UTC.
        Last License Server response message: Communication message send response error

ASAv# call-home test profile License
INFO: Sending test message to DDCEService
ERROR: Failed: CONNECT_FAILED(35)

但是，ASAv可以解析tools.cisco.com並使用TCP ping在TCP埠443上連線。

系統日誌和調試輸出

嘗試註冊後ASAv上的Syslog輸出可以顯示以下內容：

%ASA-3-717009: Certificate validation failed. No suitable trustpoints found to validate
 certificate serial number: 250CE8E030612E9F2B89F7058FD, subject name:
 cn=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5,ou=(c) 2006 VeriSign\, Inc.
 - For authorized use only,ou=VeriSign Trust Network,o=VeriSign\, Inc.,c=US, issuer name:
 ou=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority,o=VeriSign\, Inc.,c=US .
%ASA-3-717009: Certificate validation failed. No suitable trustpoints found to validate
 certificate serial number: 513FB9743870B73440418699FF, subject name:
 cn=Symantec Class 3 Secure Server CA - G4,ou=Symantec Trust Network,o=Symantec
 Corporation,c=US, issuer name: cn=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority
 - G5,ou=(c) 2006 VeriSign\, Inc. - For authorized use only,ou=VeriSign Trust Network,
 o=VeriSign\, Inc.,c=US .

有關詳細資訊，請在嘗試其他註冊時運行這些debug命令。出現安全套接字層錯誤。

debug license 255
debug license agent all
debug call-home all
debug ssl 255

具體來說，此訊息被視為輸出的一部分：

error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify
 failed@s3_clnt.c:1492

在預設ASAv配置中，有一個名為_SmartCallHome_ServerCA的信任點，該信任點載入了證書並將其頒發給使用者名稱「cn=Verisign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3」。

ASAv# show crypto ca certificate
CA Certificate
  Status: Available
  Certificate Serial Number: 6ecc7aa5a7032009b8cebc2d491
  Certificate Usage: General Purpose
  Public Key Type: RSA (2048 bits)
  Signature Algorithm: SHA1 with RSA Encryption
  Issuer Name: 
    cn=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5
    ou=(c) 2006 VeriSign\, Inc. - For authorized use only
    ou=VeriSign Trust Network
    o=VeriSign\, Inc.
    c=US
  Subject Name: 
    cn=VeriSign Class 3 Secure Server CA - G3
    ou=Terms of use at https:// verisign /rpa (c)10
    ou=VeriSign Trust Network
    o=VeriSign\, Inc.
    c=US
  OCSP AIA: 
    URL: http://ocsp verisign
  CRL Distribution Points: 
    [1]  http://crl verisign/pca3-g5.crl
  Validity Date: 
    start date: 00:00:00 UTC Feb 8 2010
    end   date: 23:59:59 UTC Feb 7 2020
  Associated Trustpoints: _SmartCallHome_ServerCA 

但是，在前面的系統日誌中，ASA指示它從智慧軟體許可門戶獲取由名為「cn=Symantec Class 3 Secure Server CA - G4」的中間伺服器簽名的證書。

註：主題名稱相似，但有兩個差異；Verisign與Symantec在開頭，G3與G4在結尾。

解決方案

ASAv需要下載包含正確中間和/或根證書的信任池，以便驗證鏈。

在9.5.2及更高版本中，ASAv將信任池配置為在裝置本地時間10:00自動匯入：

ASAv# sh run crypto ca trustpool
crypto ca trustpool policy
 auto-import
ASAv# sh run all crypto ca trustpool
crypto ca trustpool policy
 revocation-check none
 crl cache-time 60
 crl enforcenextupdate
 auto-import
 auto-import url http://www.cisco.com/security/pki/trs/ios_core.p7b
 auto-import time 22:00:00

如果是初始安裝，且當時尚未啟動域名系統(DNS)查詢和Internet連線，則自動匯入尚未成功，需要手動完成。

在舊版本（如9.4.x）上，裝置上未配置trustpool auto-import，需要手動匯入。

在任何版本上，此命令都會匯入trustpool和相關證書：

ASAv# crypto ca trustpool import url http://www.cisco.com/security/pki/trs/ios_core.p7b
Root file signature verified.
You are about to update the current trusted certificate pool
with the 17145 byte file at http://www.cisco.com/security/pki/trs/ios_core.p7b
Do you want to continue? (y/n)
Trustpool import:
   attempted:  14
   installed:  14
   duplicates: 0
   expired:    0
   failed:     0

驗證

使用手動命令匯入信任池或在本地時間晚上10:00之後匯入信任池後，此命令將驗證信任池中是否存在已安裝的證書：

ASAv# show crypto ca trustpool policy
14 trustpool certificates installed
Trustpool auto import statistics:
    Last import result: FAILED
    Next scheduled import at 22:00:00 UTC Wed Mar 23 2016
Trustpool Policy
   Trustpool revocation checking is disabled
   CRL cache time: 60 seconds
   CRL next update field: required and enforced
   Automatic import of trustpool certificates is enabled
   Automatic import URL: http://www.cisco.com/security/pki/trs/ios_core.p7b
   Download time: 22:00:00
   Policy Overrides:
      None configured

注意：在先前的輸出中，由於DNS上次自動嘗試時未運行，上次自動更新匯入失敗，因此它仍然將上次自動匯入結果顯示為失敗。但是，已運行手動trustpool更新，並且已成功更新trustpool（因此顯示14個證書已安裝）。

安裝trustpool後，可以再次運行token registration命令以向智慧軟體許可門戶註冊ASAv。

ASAv# license smart register idtoken id_token force

如果ASAv已註冊到智慧軟體許可門戶，但授權續訂失敗，也可以手動嘗試這些操作。

ASAv# license smart renew auth 

根CA證書更改 — 2018年10月

tools.cisco.com的根CA證書已於2018年10月5日星期五更改。 

如果不允許與http://www.cisco.com/security/pki/trs/ios_core.p7b通訊，則當前部署的ASAv版本9.6(2)及更高版本以及運行ASA的Firepower 2100不會受到此更改的影響。  前面提到的所有ASA智慧許可平台都預設啟用證書自動匯入功能。  「show crypto ca trustpool」的輸出包含「QuoVadis Root CA 2」證書：

CA Certificate
  Fingerprint: 5e397bddf8baec82e9ac62ba0c54002b
  Issuer Name:
    cn=QuoVadis Root CA 2
    o=QuoVadis Limited
    c=BM     
  Subject Name:
    cn=QuoVadis Root CA 2
    o=QuoVadis Limited
    c=BM

對於新部署，您可以發出「crypto ca trustpool import default」命令，並下載包含QuoVadis證書的預設思科證書捆綁包。  如果這不起作用，您可以手動安裝證書：

asa(config)# crypto ca trustpoint QuoVadisRootCA2 
asa(config-ca-trustpoint)# enrollment terminal
asa(config-ca-trustpoint)# crl configure
asav(config-ca-crl)# crypto ca authenticate QuoVadisRootCA2 
Enter the base 64 encoded CA certificate.
End with the word "quit" on a line by itself

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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Ucw6UwxI5g69ybR2BlLmEROFcmMDBOAENisgGQLodKcftslWZvB1JdxnwQ5hYIiz
PtGo/KPaHbDRsSNU30R2be1B2MGyIrZTHN81Hdyhdyox5C315eXbyOD/5YDXC2Og
/zOhD7osFRXql7PSorW+8oyWHhqPHWykYTe5hnMz15eWniN9gqRMgeKh0bpnX5UH
oycR7hYQe7xFSkyyBNKr79X9DFHOUGoIMfmR2gyPZFwDwzqLID9ujWc9Otb+fVuI
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A8QZRtGUazBuBgNVHSMEZzBlgBQahGK8SEwzJQTU7tD2A8QZRtGUa6FJpEcwRTEL
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g/iN/Ae42l9NLmeyhP3ZRPx3UIHmfLTJDQtyU/h2BwdBR5YM++CCJpNVjP4iH2Bl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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

quit

INFO: Certificate has the following attributes:
Fingerprint:     5e397bdd f8baec82 e9ac62ba 0c54002b
Do you accept this certificate? [yes/no]: yes

Trustpoint CA certificate accepted.

% Certificate successfully imported

運行ASA的4100/9300平台

此問題已影響現場運行依賴Firepower可擴展作業系統(FXOS)提供智慧許可資訊的ASA的大約4100/9300:

受影響的裝置：

FP9300-1-A-A-A /license # show license all

Smart Licensing Status
======================

Smart Licensing is ENABLED

Registration:
  Status: REGISTERED
  Smart Account: TAC Cisco Systems, Inc.
  Virtual Account: CALO
  Export-Controlled Functionality: Allowed
  Initial Registration: SUCCEEDED on Jul 01 18:37:38 2018 UTC
  Last Renewal Attempt: FAILED on Oct 09 17:32:59 2018 UTC
    Failure reason: Failed to authenticate server

解決步驟

要解決此問題，您需要建立新的信任點並在FXOS中輸入證書資料：

FPR-2-A /license # scope security
FPR-2-A /security # enter trustpoint QuoVadisRootCA2
FPR-2-A /security/trustpoint* # set certchain
Enter lines one at a time. Enter ENDOFBUF to finish. Press ^C to abort.
Trustpoint Certificate Chain:    (THIS PART NEEDS TO BE COPY/PASTED)
>
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFtzCCA5+gAwIBAgICBQkwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwRTELMAkGA1UEBhMCQk0x
GTAXBgNVBAoTEFF1b1ZhZGlzIExpbWl0ZWQxGzAZBgNVBAMTElF1b1ZhZGlzIFJv
b3QgQ0EgMjAeFw0wNjExMjQxODI3MDBaFw0zMTExMjQxODIzMzNaMEUxCzAJBgNV
BAYTAkJNMRkwFwYDVQQKExBRdW9WYWRpcyBMaW1pdGVkMRswGQYDVQQDExJRdW9W
YWRpcyBSb290IENBIDIwggIiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4ICDwAwggIKAoICAQCa
GMpLlA0ALa8DKYrwD4HIrkwZhR0In6spRIXzL4GtMh6QRr+jhiYaHv5+HBg6XJxg
Fyo6dIMzMH1hVBHL7avg5tKifvVrbxi3Cgst/ek+7wrGsxDp3MJGF/hd/aTa/55J
WpzmM+Yklvc/ulsrHHo1wtZn/qtmUIttKGAr79dgw8eTvI02kfN/+NsRE8Scd3bB
rrcCaoF6qUWD4gXmuVbBlDePSHFjIuwXZQeVikvfj8ZaCuWw419eaxGrDPmF60Tp
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fF/nJrP3MpCYUNQ3cVX2kiF495V5+vgtJodmVjB3pjd4M1IQWK4/YY7yarHvGH5K
WWPKjaJW1acvvFYfzznB4vsKqBUsfU16Y8Zsl0Q80m/DShcK+JDSV6IZUaUtl0Ha
B0+pUNqQjZRG4T7wlP0QADj1O+hA4bRuVhogzG9Yje0uRY/W6ZM/57Es3zrWIozc
hLsib9D45MY56QSIPMO661V6bYCZJPVsAfv4l7CUW+v90m/xd2gNNWQjrLhVoQPR
TUIZ3Ph1WVaj+ahJefivDrkRoHy3au000LYmYjgahwz46P0u05B/B5EqHdZ+XIWD
mbA4CD/pXvk1B+TJYm5Xf6dQlfe6yJvmjqIBxdZmv3lh8zwc4bmCXF2gw+nYSL0Z
ohEUGW6yhhtoPkg3Goi3XZZenMfvJ2II4pEZXNLxId26F0KCl3GBUzGpn/Z9Yr9y
4aOTHcyKJloJONDO1w2AFrR4pTqHTI2KpdVGl/IsELm8VCLAAVBpQ570su9t+Oza
8eOx79+Rj1QqCyXBJhnEUhAFZdWCEOrCMc0u
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
>ENDOFBUF <---manually type this on a new line after the ----END OF CERTIFICATE---- line and press ENTER

接下來，提交更改，然後續訂許可證：

FPR-2-A /security/trustpoint* # comm
FPR-2-A /security/trustpoint # scope license
FPR-2-A /license # scope licdebug
FPR-2-A /license/licdebug # renew

現在，您必須驗證許可是否已續訂：

FP9300-1-A-A-A /license/licdebug # show license all

Smart Licensing Status
======================

Smart Licensing is ENABLED

Registration:
  Status: REGISTERED
  Smart Account: TAC Cisco Systems, Inc.
  Virtual Account: CALO
  Export-Controlled Functionality: Allowed
  Initial Registration: SUCCEEDED on Jul 01 18:37:38 2018 UTC
  Last Renewal Attempt: SUCCEEDED on Oct 09 17:39:07 2018 UTC
  Next Renewal Attempt: Apr 07 17:39:08 2019 UTC
  Registration Expires: Oct 09 17:33:07 2019 UTC

License Authorization:
  Status: AUTHORIZED on Oct 09 17:39:12 2018 UTC
  Last Communication Attempt: SUCCESS on Oct 09 17:39:12 2018 UTC
  Next Communication Attempt: Nov 08 17:39:12 2018 UTC
  Communication Deadline: Jan 07 17:33:11 2019 UTC

 需要符合聯邦資訊處理標準(FIPS)的ASA軟體安裝

對於需要FIPS合規性的基於ASA的平台，QuoVadis根CA 2證書的匯入可能會因不符合簽名加密要求而失敗，並且此消息可以顯示：

Do you accept this certificate? [yes/no]: yes

Trustpoint CA certificate is not FIPS compliant.
% Error in saving certificate: status = FAIL

作為符合FIPS的ASA安裝的解決方法，請匯入HydrantID SSL ICA G2中間證書。HydrantID SSL ICA G2證書如下所示，並符合sha256WithRSAEncryption簽名演算法要求，請參閱本文中顯示的文檔，以便根據您的平台載入證書：

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIGxDCCBKygAwIBAgIUdRcWd4PQQ361VsNXlG5FY7jr06wwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEL
BQAwRTELMAkGA1UEBhMCQk0xGTAXBgNVBAoTEFF1b1ZhZGlzIExpbWl0ZWQxGzAZ
BgNVBAMTElF1b1ZhZGlzIFJvb3QgQ0EgMjAeFw0xMzEyMTcxNDI1MTBaFw0yMzEy
MTcxNDI1MTBaMF4xCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMTAwLgYDVQQKEydIeWRyYW50SUQgKEF2
YWxhbmNoZSBDbG91ZCBDb3Jwb3JhdGlvbikxHTAbBgNVBAMTFEh5ZHJhbnRJRCBT
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H+tgdln+STF7bdOxvnOERYyjo8ZbKumzigNePSwbQYVWuso76GI843yjaX2rhn0+
Jt0NVJM41jVctf9qwacVduR7CEi0qJgpAUJyZUuB9IpFWF1Kz14O3Leh6URuRZ43
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fXkYi3mktZVRFKXG62FHAuH1sLDXCKba3avDcUR7ykG4ZXcmp6kl14UKa8JHOHPE
NYyr0R6oHELOGZMox1nQcFwuYMX9sJdAUU/9SQVXyA6u6YtxlpZiC8qhXM1IE00T
Q9+q5ppffSUDMC4V/5If5A6snKVP78M8qd/RMVswcjMUMEnov+wykwCbDLD+IReM
A57XX+HojN+8XFTL9Jwge3z3ZlMwL7E54W3cI7f6cxO5DVwoKxkdk2jRIg37oqSl
SU3z/bA9UXjHcTl/6BoLho2p9rWm6oljANPeQuLHyGJ3hc19N8nDo2IATp70klGP
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

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