公用Internet的單臂路由器和VPN客戶端配置示例

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已更新: 2008 年 6 月 24 日

文件 ID:71461

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關於此翻譯

思科已使用電腦和人工技術翻譯本文件，讓全世界的使用者能夠以自己的語言理解支援內容。請注意，即使是最佳機器翻譯，也不如專業譯者翻譯的內容準確。Cisco Systems, Inc. 對這些翻譯的準確度概不負責，並建議一律查看原始英文文件（提供連結）。

簡介

本文檔介紹如何設定中心站點路由器以在單臂上執行IPsec流量。此設定適用於以下特定情況：路由器在不啟用分割隧道的情況下，移動使用者（Cisco VPN客戶端）可以透過中心站點路由器訪問Internet。為此，應在路由器中配置策略對映，將所有VPN流量（Cisco VPN客戶端）指向環回介面。這允許將Internet流量轉換為到外部世界的埠地址(PAT)。

請參閱PIX/ASA 7.x以及用於公共Internet VPN的單介面VPN Client的配置示例以便完成中央站點PIX防火牆的類似配置。

注意：為避免網路中IP地址重疊，請將完全不同的IP地址池分配給VPN客戶端（例如，10.x.x.x 、172.16.x.x、192.168.x.x）。此IP編址方案可幫助您對網路進行故障排除。

採用Cisco IOS®軟體版本12.4的Cisco路由器3640
Cisco VPN使用者端4.8

本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除（預設）的組態來啟動。如果您的網路正在作用，請確保您已瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。

路由器
Cisco VPN使用者端

路由器
VPN#show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 2170 bytes ! version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname VPN ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! !--- Enable authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) !--- for user authentication and group authorization. aaa new-model ! !--- In order to enable Xauth for user authentication, !--- enable the aaa authentication* commands.* aaa authentication login userauthen local !--- In order to enable group authorization, enable !--- the aaa authorization* commands.* aaa authorization network groupauthor local ! aaa session-id common ! resource policy ! ! !--- For local authentication of the IPsec user, !--- create the user with a password. username user password 0 cisco ! ! ! !--- Create an Internet Security Association and !--- Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) policy for Phase 1 negotiations. crypto isakmp policy 3 encr 3des authentication pre-share group 2 !--- Create a group that is used to specify the !--- WINS and DNS server addresses to the VPN Client, !--- along with the pre-shared key for authentication. crypto isakmp client configuration group vpnclient key cisco123 dns 10.10.10.10 wins 10.10.10.20 domain cisco.com pool ippool ! !--- Create the Phase 2 Policy for actual data encryption. crypto ipsec transform-set myset esp-3des esp-md5-hmac ! !--- Create a dynamic map and apply !--- the transform set that was created earlier. crypto dynamic-map dynmap 10 set transform-set myset reverse-route ! !--- Create the actual crypto map, !--- and apply the AAA lists that were created earlier. crypto map clientmap client authentication list userauthen crypto map clientmap isakmp authorization list groupauthor crypto map clientmap client configuration address respond crypto map clientmap 10 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dynmap ! ! ! ! !--- Create the loopback interface for the VPN user traffic . interface Loopback0 ip address 10.11.0.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat inside ip virtual-reassembly ! interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 half-duplex ip nat inside !--- Apply the crypto map on the interface. interface FastEthernet1/0 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip nat outside ip virtual-reassembly ip policy route-map VPN-Client duplex auto speed auto crypto map clientmap ! interface Serial2/0 no ip address ! interface Serial2/1 no ip address shutdown ! interface Serial2/2 no ip address shutdown ! interface Serial2/3 no ip address shutdown !--- Create a pool of addresses to be !--- assigned to the VPN Clients. ! ip local pool ippool 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2 !--- Enables Network Address Translation (NAT) !--- of the inside source address that matches access list 101 !--- and gets PATed with the FastEthernet IP address. ip nat inside source list 101 interface FastEthernet1/0 overload ! !--- The access list is used to specify which traffic is to be translated for the !--- outside Internet. access-list 101 permit ip any any !--- Interesting traffic used for policy route. access-list 144 permit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 any !--- Configures the route map to match the interesting traffic (access list 144) !--- and routes the traffic to next hop address 10.11.0.2. ! route-map VPN-Client permit 10 match ip address 144 set ip next-hop 10.11.0.2 ! ! control-plane ! line con 0 line aux 0 line vty 0 4 ! end

路由器

 VPN#show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2170 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname VPN
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!

!--- Enable authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA) !--- for user authentication and group authorization.


aaa new-model
!

!--- In order to enable Xauth for user authentication, !--- enable the aaa authentication commands.


aaa authentication login userauthen local


!--- In order to enable group authorization, enable !--- the aaa authorization commands.

aaa authorization network groupauthor local
!
aaa session-id common
!
resource policy
!
!

!--- For local authentication of the IPsec user, !--- create the user with a password.


username user password 0 cisco
!
!
!

!--- Create an Internet Security Association and !--- Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) policy for Phase 1 negotiations.



crypto isakmp policy 3
 encr 3des
 authentication pre-share
 group 2


!--- Create a group that is used to specify the !--- WINS and DNS server addresses to the VPN Client, !--- along with the pre-shared key for authentication.


crypto isakmp client configuration group vpnclient
 key cisco123
 dns 10.10.10.10
 wins 10.10.10.20
 domain cisco.com
 pool ippool
!

!--- Create the Phase 2 Policy for actual data encryption.



crypto ipsec transform-set myset esp-3des esp-md5-hmac
!


!--- Create a dynamic map and apply !--- the transform set that was created earlier.


crypto dynamic-map dynmap 10
 set transform-set myset
 reverse-route
!


!--- Create the actual crypto map, !--- and apply the AAA lists that were created earlier.


crypto map clientmap client authentication list userauthen
crypto map clientmap isakmp authorization list groupauthor
crypto map clientmap client configuration address respond
crypto map clientmap 10 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dynmap
!
!
!
!

!--- Create the loopback interface for the VPN user traffic
.
interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.11.0.1 255.255.255.0
 ip nat inside
 ip virtual-reassembly
!
interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
 half-duplex
 ip nat inside


!--- Apply the crypto map on the interface.


interface FastEthernet1/0
 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip nat outside
 ip virtual-reassembly
 ip policy route-map VPN-Client
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 crypto map clientmap
!
interface Serial2/0
 no ip address
!
interface Serial2/1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Serial2/2
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Serial2/3
 no ip address
 shutdown

!--- Create a pool of addresses to be !--- assigned to the VPN Clients. 

!
ip local pool ippool 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2

!--- Enables Network Address Translation (NAT) !--- of the inside source address that matches access list 101 !--- and gets PATed with the FastEthernet IP address.


ip nat inside source list 101 interface FastEthernet1/0 overload
!

!--- The access list is used to specify which traffic is to be translated for the !--- outside Internet.
 
access-list 101 permit ip any any


!--- Interesting traffic used for policy route.

access-list 144 permit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 any

 !--- Configures the route map to match the interesting traffic (access list 144) !--- and routes the traffic to next hop address 10.11.0.2.

!
route-map VPN-Client permit 10
 match ip address 144
 set ip next-hop 10.11.0.2
!
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
!
end

VPN客戶端4.8配置

要配置VPN客戶端4.8，請完成以下步驟。

選擇開始>程式> Cisco Systems VPN客戶端> VPN客戶端。
按一下New以啟動Create New VPN Connection Entry窗口。
輸入連線條目的名稱和說明，在主機框中輸入路由器的外部IP地址，然後輸入VPN組的名稱和口令。按一下Save。
按一下要使用的連線，然後在VPN客戶端主窗口中按一下Connect。
出現提示時，輸入Xauth的使用者名稱和口令資訊，然後按一下OK 以連線遠端網路。
VPN客戶端與中心站點的路由器連線。
選擇Status > Statistics以檢查VPN Client的隧道統計資料。

驗證

本節提供的資訊可用於確認組態是否正常運作。

輸出直譯器工具(僅供註冊客戶使用) (OIT)支援某些show指令。使用OIT檢視對show命令輸出的分析。

show crypto isakmp sa -顯示對等體上的所有當前IKE安全關聯(SA)。

VPN#show crypto ipsec sa

interface: FastEthernet1/0
    Crypto map tag: clientmap, local addr 172.16.1.1

   protected vrf: (none)
   local  ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0/0)
   remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (192.168.1.1/255.255.255.255/0/0)
   current_peer 10.0.0.2 port 500
     PERMIT, flags={}
    #pkts encaps: 270, #pkts encrypt: 270, #pkts digest: 270
    #pkts decaps: 270, #pkts decrypt: 270, #pkts verify: 270
    #pkts compressed: 0, #pkts decompressed: 0
    #pkts not compressed: 0, #pkts compr. failed: 0
    #pkts not decompressed: 0, #pkts decompress failed: 0
    #send errors 0, #recv errors 0

     local crypto endpt.: 172.16.1.1, remote crypto endpt.: 10.0.0.2
     path mtu 1500, ip mtu 1500, ip mtu idb FastEthernet1/0
     current outbound spi: 0xEF7C20EA(4017889514)

     inbound esp sas:
      spi: 0x17E0CBEC(400608236)
        transform: esp-3des esp-md5-hmac ,
        in use settings ={Tunnel, }
        conn id: 2001, flow_id: SW:1, crypto map: clientmap
        sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4530341/3288)
        IV size: 8 bytes
        replay detection support: Y
        Status: ACTIVE

     inbound ah sas:

     inbound pcp sas:

     outbound esp sas:
      spi: 0xEF7C20EA(4017889514)
        transform: esp-3des esp-md5-hmac ,
        in use settings ={Tunnel, }
        conn id: 2002, flow_id: SW:2, crypto map: clientmap
        sa timing: remaining key lifetime (k/sec): (4530354/3287)
        IV size: 8 bytes
        replay detection support: Y
        Status: ACTIVE

     outbound ah sas:

     outbound pcp sas:

show crypto ipsec sa -顯示當前SA使用的設定。

VPN#show crypto isakmp sa
dst             src             state          conn-id slot status
172.16.1.1      10.0.0.2        QM_IDLE             15    0 ACTIVE

疑難排解

疑難排解指令

輸出直譯器工具(僅供註冊客戶使用) (OIT)支援某些show指令。使用OIT檢視對show命令輸出的分析。

附註：使用 debug 指令之前，請先參閱有關 Debug 指令的重要資訊。

debug crypto ipsec -顯示第2階段的IPsec協商。
debug crypto isakmp -顯示第1階段的ISAKMP協商。

公用Internet的單臂路由器和VPN客戶端配置示例

下載選項

無偏見用語

關於此翻譯

目錄

簡介

必要條件

需求

採用元件

慣例

設定

網路圖表

組態

VPN客戶端4.8配置

驗證

疑難排解

疑難排解指令

相關資訊

修訂記錄

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