本檔案介紹必須完成的程式,才能使思科網路安全裝置(WSA)高可用性(HA)功能在在VMware環境中執行的虛擬WSA上正常工作。
思科建議您瞭解以下主題:
本文中的資訊係根據以下軟體和硬體版本:
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路正在作用,請確保您已瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
配置了一個或多個HA組的虛擬WSA一律會將HA置於backup狀態,即使優先順序最高也是如此。
系統日誌顯示持續的抖動,如以下日誌片段所示:
Tue May 19 08:05:52 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:05:52 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:01 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:01 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:06:01 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:10 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:10 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:06:10 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:19 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:19 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:06:19 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:28 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:28 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
Tue May 19 08:06:28 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is down
Tue May 19 08:06:37 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 is up
Tue May 19 08:06:37 2015 Info: Interface Failover Group 94 has changed
role from Master to Backup (more frequent advertisement received)
如果您採用封包擷取(在本範例中為多點傳送IP位址224.0.0.18),可能會看到類似以下的輸出:
13:49:04.601713 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:04.601931 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:04.602798 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:04.602809 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:13.621706 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 24801, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178284
13:49:13.622007 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 24801, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178284
13:49:13.622763 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 24801, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178284
13:49:13.622770 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 24801, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178284
13:49:22.651653 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 44741, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178285
前面部分中提供的WSA系統日誌表明,當HA組成為CARP協商中的主節點時,會收到一個具有更好優先順序的通告。
您也可以在封包擷取中驗證這點。這是從虛擬WSA傳送的資料包:
13:49:04.601713 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
在毫秒的時間範圍內,您可以看到來自同一源IP地址(同一虛擬WSA裝置)的另一組資料包:
13:49:04.602798 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
13:49:04.602809 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 255, id 4785, offset 0, flags [DF],
proto VRRP (112), length 56)
192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: carp 192.168.0.131 > 224.0.0.18: CARPv2-advertise 36:
vhid=94 advbase=3 advskew=1 authlen=7 counter=15790098039517178283
在本示例中,源IP地址192.168.0.131是有問題的虛擬WSA的IP地址。組播資料包似乎回送至虛擬WSA。
此問題是由於VMware端的一個缺陷導致的,下一部分介紹了解決該問題必須完成的步驟。
完成以下步驟即可解決此問題,並停止在VMware環境中傳送的組播資料包的環路:
完成以下步驟即可修改Net.ReversePathFwdCheckPromisc選項:
處於Promiscuous模式的介面現在必須設定或關閉,然後重新開啟。此操作按主機完成。
完成以下步驟以設定介面:
完成以下步驟即可停用然後重新啟用混雜模式: