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本文說明如何瞭解和驗證Catalyst 9000系列交換器上的IPv4轉送資訊庫(FIB)硬體使用情況。
本文件沒有特定需求。
本文中的資訊係根據以下軟體和硬體版本:
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
當您對功能進行故障排除時,有一個很好的參考點是確認硬體沒有超出所討論的交換機的規模。雖然交換機在這些硬體表的大小上可能有所不同,但驗證和故障排除方法大體相同。
此頁面也是一個參考頁面,您可以在其中找到有關各種功能以及如何檢查硬體擴展的資訊。
以下為軟體版本和裝置型別提供範例:
本檔案有助於:
注意:當交換機使用虛擬路由和轉發(VRF)時,總使用率需要包括每個VRF中的消耗。
此影片涵蓋FIB硬體資源問題的故障排除:Catalyst 9000交換機FIB硬體資源耗盡故障排除
ADJ |
鄰接關係(表) |
儲存用於資料包重寫的下一跳資訊 |
DI |
目標索引 |
指向出站介面的索引 |
EM |
完全匹配 |
雜湊記憶體中一個為1:1匹配的條目(主機路由、直連主機) |
FIB |
轉發資訊庫 |
帶有字首的簡化表,由路由資訊庫(RIB)和地址解析協定(ARP)表新增,表指標指向ADJ表 |
FED |
轉發引擎驅動程式 |
應用專用積體電路(ASIC)(硬體)層 |
FMAN-FP |
轉發管理器 — 轉發平面 |
FMAN-FP管理新增、刪除或修改FED資訊的軟體對象 |
LPM |
最長字首匹配 |
任何路由是/31或更短(/32路由是EM型別) |
RI |
重寫索引 |
第3層轉發到下一跳鄰接的MAC地址重寫資訊 |
RIB |
路由資訊庫 |
「show ip route」中顯示的路由表 |
SDM |
交換機資料庫管理器 |
將交換機硬體資源分配給需要這些資源的各種功能(MAC地址、路由、訪問清單條目)的軟體過程 |
SI |
站台索引 |
站台索引 = 封包重寫資訊(RI =重寫索引)和傳出介面資訊(DI =目的地索引) |
TCAM |
三重內容可定址儲存器 |
一種儲存器,用於儲存和查詢具有三個不同輸入:0、1和X的條目。當同一條目的匹配項可能有多個時,並且每個條目的雜湊值不唯一時,必須使用該型別的記憶體。此表包含一個掩碼或「X」值,允許它知道它是否與此項匹配。 |
UADP |
思科整合存取™ 資料平面 |
交換機中使用的ASIC架構 |
直接連線 |
直連路由 |
本地連線的主機字首(ARP相鄰) |
間接連線 |
間接連線路由 |
通過遠端下一跳到達的路由 |
SGT |
||
SXP |
||
CTS(Trustsec) |
這些命令顯示使用的雜湊、TCAM、介面和重寫資源的高級使用統計資訊。這些資源是相關的,其中一種資源的耗盡會影響充分利用其他可用資源的能力。
示例:交換機可以有可用的Hash/TCAM,但鄰接關係已用完。轉送封包的能力可能會影響為目的地首碼,因為交換器無法程式化新的重新寫入專案。
show platform hardware fed switch active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization <-- Hash & TCAM
show platform hardware fed switch active fwd-asic resource utilization <-- SI/RI/DI/etc (other related resources)
show platform hardware fed switch active fwd-asic resource rewrite utilization <-- IP Adjacency. LISP adjacency, Tunnel Adjacency, etc
注意:有關這些命令的詳細資訊,請參閱《系統管理配置指南》中的「章節:配置SDM模板」
此案例演示了如何使用每個表,以及當一個表或另一個表達到或超過刻度時該怎麼做。它還包括轉發到IP目標所需的相關資源。
症狀:資源無法擴展
如果特定IPv4 FIB或鄰接資源用盡,則系統生成系統日誌消息
IPv4 FIB日誌消息 |
定義 |
恢復操作 |
%FED_L3_ERRMSG-3-RSRC_ERR:交換機1 R0/0: fed:由於硬體資源耗盡,無法為fib條目分配硬體資源 |
為IPv4 FIB條目保留的硬體空間不足(EM或TCAM) |
總結路由或採取某些其他操作以減少FIB條目的規模(可以是EM或TCAM,無論哪個條目已用盡)。 |
%FED_L3_ERRMSG-3-RSRC_ERR: R0/0:已補給:為adj條目分配硬體資源失敗 — rc:1 |
鄰接表已用盡。這是硬體中儲存下一跳目的MAC地址的表。 |
減少直連(ARP相鄰)主機的擴展數量 |
軟體 |
硬體 |
16.12.5 |
Catalyst 9200 9300 9400 9500(非高效能)交換機 |
基線資源使用情況
##### Baseline Setup & Usage #####
C9300#show version | include IOS
Cisco IOS XE Software, Version 16.12.05
Cisco IOS Software [Gibraltar], Catalyst L3 Switch Software (CAT9K_IOSXE), Version 16.12.5, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3)
C9300-48U
C9300##show ip interface brief | exclude unassigned
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
<...empty...> <-- no Switch Virtual Interface (SVI) or any IP configured
/// TCAM and Hash ///
C9300#show platform hardware fed switch actitve fwd-asic resource tcam utilization
CAM Utilization for ASIC [0]
Table Max Values Used Values
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Directly or indirectly connected routes 24576/8192 3/19 <-- 3 hash / 19 TCAM is base usage
/// Adjacencies ///
C9300#show platform software fed switch active ip adj
IPV4 Adj entries
dest if_name dst_mac si_hdl ri_hdl pd_flags adj_id Last-modified
---- ------- ------- ------ ------ -------- ----- ------------------------
C9300#show platform hardware fed switch active fwd-asic resource rewrite utilization
Resource Info for ASIC Instance: 0
Rewrite Data Allocated Free
-------------------------------------------------------
PHF_EGRESS_destMacAddress 0 32000 <-- Next hop Dest MAC for packet rewrite
/// SI DI RI resources ///
C9300#show platform hardware fed switch active fwd-asic resource utilization | include RSC_SI_|RSC_RI__
Resource Info for ASIC Instance: 0
Resource Name Allocated Free
------------------------------------------
RSC_RI 3 57317 <-- Rewrite Index
RSC_SI 521 64847 <-- Station Index
使用/24掩碼新增SVI Vlan 1 IP地址
### ADD SVI IP with /24 mask length ###
C9300(config)#interface vlan 1
C9300(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
C9300#show ip interface brief | inc up
Vlan1 10.10.10.1 YES manual up up
C9300#show platform hardware fed switch active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization
CAM Utilization for ASIC [0]
Table Max Values Used Values
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Directly or indirectly connected routes 24576/8192 6/20 <-- usage = +3 hash, +1 TCAM
C9300#show platform software fed switch active ip adj
IPV4 Adj entries
dest if_name dst_mac si_hdl ri_hdl pd_flags adj_id Last-modified
---- ------- ------- ------ ------ -------- ----- ------------------------
227.0.0.0 Vlan1 0100.5e00.0000 0x7f4880ce37e8 0x7f4880cf3648 0x0 0xf80004b4 2021/02/26 17:48:47.992 <-- 1 Adj created for mcast
C9300#show platform hardware fed switch active fwd-asic resource rewrite utilization
Resource Info for ASIC Instance: 0
Rewrite Data Allocated Free
-------------------------------------------------------
PHF_EGRESS_destMacAddress 1 31999 <-- 1 Adj used for mcast
新增3個EM字首(/32掩碼)
### Configuration adds 3 /32 prefixes and uses 3 Hash Entries ###
interface loopback 1
ip address 10.111.111.1 255.255.255.255 <-- Local /32 prefix
!
ip route 10.111.111.2 255.255.255.255 vlan 1 <-- An Indirect EM prefix (same consumption occurs when learnt via routing protocol)
!
arp 10.10.10.100 aaaa.bbbb.cccc arpa <-- Static ARP entry in Vlan 1 (same consumption occurs when learnt dynamically)
### Usage Result ###
/32 Loopback creation, /32 Indirect route, ARP entry only use Hash table. No TCAM used.
C9300#show platform hardware fed switch active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization
CAM Utilization for ASIC [0]
Table Max Values Used Values
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Directly or indirectly connected routes 24576/8192 9/20 <-- usage = 3 Hash, 0 TCAM
軟體 |
硬體 |
17.x |
Catalyst 9200 9300 9400 9500(非高效能)交換機 |
基線資源使用情況
##### Baseline Setup & Usage #####
C9400#show version | include IOS
Cisco IOS XE Software, Version 17.03.02a
Cisco IOS Software [Amsterdam], Catalyst L3 Switch Software (CAT9K_IOSXE), Version 17.3.2a, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc5)
C9400-SUP-1
C9400#show ip interface brief | exclude unassigned
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
<...empty...> <-- no SVI or any IP configured
C9400#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization
Codes: EM - Exact_Match, I - Input, O - Output, IO - Input & Output, NA - Not Applicable
CAM Utilization for ASIC [0]
Table Subtype Dir Max Used %Used V4 V6 MPLS Other
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IP Route Table EM I 49152 3 0.01% 2 0 1 0 <-- 3 hash
IP Route Table TCAM I 65536 15 0.02% 6 6 2 1 <-- 15 TCAM
C9400#show platform software fed active ip adj
IPV4 Adj entries
dest if_name dst_mac si_hdl ri_hdl pd_flags adj_id Last-modified
---- ------- ------- ------ ------ -------- ----- ------------------------
New CLI collects usage information for all resources related to all IP Routing in one output
### !!! New CLI displays multiple resources in one place !!! ###
C9400#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource features ip-adjacency utilization
IPv4 unicast adjacency resource info
Resource Info for ASIC Instance: 0 [A:0, C:0]
Shared Resource Name Allocated Free Usage%
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RSC_RI 3 57317 0.01 <-- Rewrite Index
RSC_SI 520 64848 0.80 <-- Station Index
Rewrite Data Allocated Free Usage%
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHF_EGRESS_destMacAddress 0 32000 0.00 <-- Next hop Dest MAC for packet rewrite
CAM Table Utilization Info Allocated Free Usage%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IP Route table Host/Network 3/ 15 49149/327 0.01/ 0.05 <-- Hash / TCAM Table usage
使用/24掩碼新增SVI Vlan 1 IP地址
C9400(config)#interface vlan 1
C9400(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
C9400#show ip interface brief | exclude unassigned
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Vlan1 10.10.10.1 YES manual up up
C9400#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource features ip-adjacency utilization
Resource Info for ASIC Instance: 1 [A:0, C:1]
Shared Resource Name Allocated Free Usage%
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RSC_RI 4 57316 0.01 <-- 1 Rewrite Index
RSC_SI 520 64848 0.80
Rewrite Data Allocated Free Usage%
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHF_EGRESS_destMacAddress 1 31999 0.00 <-- 1 Adj used for mcast
CAM Table Utilization Info Allocated Free Usage%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IP Route table Host/Network 6/ 16 49146/32752 0.01/ 0.05 <-- 3 Hash + 1 TCAM
C9400#show platform software fed active ip adj
IPV4 Adj entries
dest if_name dst_mac si_hdl ri_hdl pd_flags adj_id Last-modified
---- ------- ------- ------ ------ -------- ----- ------------------------
227.0.0.0 Vlan1 0100.5e00.0000 0x7fd8fd1654c8 0x7fd8fc8e6098 0x0 0xf8000444 2015/01/01 00:49:54.758 <-- 1 Adj created for mcast
新增3個EM字首(/32掩碼)
### Configuration adds 3 /32 prefixes and uses 3 Hash Entries ###
interface loopback 1
ip address 10.111.111.1 255.255.255.255 <-- Local /32 prefix
!
ip route 10.111.111.2 255.255.255.255 vlan 1 <-- An Indirect EM prefix (same consumption occurs when learnt via routing protocol)
!
arp 10.10.10.100 aaaa.bbbb.cccc arpa <-- Static ARP entry in Vlan 1 (same consumption occurs when learnt dynamically)
### Usage Result ###
/32 Loopback creation, /32 Indirect route, ARP entry only use Hash table. No TCAM used.
C9400#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization
Codes: EM - Exact_Match, I - Input, O - Output, IO - Input & Output, NA - Not Applicable
CAM Utilization for ASIC [0]
Table Subtype Dir Max Used %Used V4 V6 MPLS Other
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IP Route Table EM I 49152 9 0.02% 8 0 1 0 <-- Previously was 6, + 3 for /32 EM
IP Route Table TCAM I 65536 16 0.02% 8 6 2 1 <-- Previously was 16, no change
C9400#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource features ip-adjacency utilization
IPv4 unicast adjacency resource info
Resource Info for ASIC Instance: 1 [A:0, C:1] <-- ASIC 0, Core 1
Shared Resource Name Allocated Free Usage%
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RSC_RI 5 57315 0.01 <-- One Rewrite index
RSC_SI 522 64846 0.80 <-- Two Station Index
Rewrite Data Allocated Free Usage%
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHF_EGRESS_destMacAddress 2 31998 0.01 <-- One Dest MAC used for ARP entry
CAM Table Utilization Info Allocated Free Usage%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IP Route table Host/Network 9/ 16 49143/32752 0.02/ 0.05 <-- 9 EM, 16 TCAM
軟體 |
硬體 |
17.x |
Catalyst 9500(高效能)、9600交換機 |
註:對於9500(高效能)和9600,僅提供17.x CLI。有關16.x示例,請參閱上一節。
基線資源使用情況
##### Baseline Setup & Usage #####
9500H#show version | include IOS
Cisco IOS XE Software, Version 17.04.01
Cisco IOS Software [Bengaluru], Catalyst L3 Switch Software (CAT9K_IOSXE), Version 17.4.1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc5)
C9500-24Y4C
C9500H#show ip interface brief | exclude unassigned
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
<...empty...> <-- no SVI or any IP configured
C9500H#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization
Codes: EM - Exact_Match, I - Input, O - Output, IO - Input & Output, NA - Not Applicable
CAM Utilization for ASIC [0]
Table Subtype Dir Max Used %Used V4 V6 MPLS Other
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IP Route Table EM/LPM I 65536 3 0.00% 2 0 1 0 <-- 3 hash (EM/LPM)
IP Route Table TCAM I 1536 11 0.72% 6 3 2 0 <-- 11 TCAM
C9500H#show platform software fed active ip adj
IPV4 Adj entries
dest if_name dst_mac si_hdl ri_hdl pd_flags adj_id Last-modified
---- ------- ------- ------ ------ -------- ----- ------------------------
New CLI collects usage information for all resources related to all IP Routing in one output
### !!! New CLI displays multiple resources in one place !!! ###
C9500#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource features ip-adjacency utilization
IPv4 unicast adjacency resource info
Resource Info for ASIC Instance: 0 [A:0, C:0] <-- ASIC 0 Allocation
Shared Resource Name Allocated Free Usage%
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RSC_RI 3 90085 0.00 <-- Rewrite Index
RSC_SI 517 130397 0.39 <-- Station Index
Rewrite Data Allocated Free Usage%
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHF_EGRESS_destMacAddress 0 98304 0.00 <-- Next hop Dest MAC for packet rewrite
CAM Table Utilization Info Allocated Free Usage%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IP Route table Host/Network 4/ 12 98300/1524 0.00/ 0.78 <-- Hash / TCAM Table usage
本節介紹一種對IPv4耗盡TCAM的使用案例:
基線使用情況
若使用9400 Sup-1,任何字首為/31或更短,則使用TCAM,而非EM
注意:IP路由EM和TCAM也由多協定標籤交換(MPLS)使用,首先將MPLS標籤新增到EM,然後在達到限制時溢位到TCAM。如果您的裝置是MPLS提供商邊緣(PE)並分配了VPNv4標籤,則從總數中減去該標籤。
注意:同樣重要的是要知道,如果EM記憶體先填滿,則允許其溢位到TCAM記憶體中。(如果交換機的擴展超49152EM條目,TCAM可以填寫Connected和/32路由)。但是,不會發生相反的情況(如果TCAM已滿,它不會溢位到EM)
C9407R#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization Codes: EM - Exact_Match, I - Input, O - Output, IO - Input & Output, NA - Not Applicable CAM Utilization for ASIC [0] Table Subtype Dir Max Used %Used V4 V6 MPLS Other ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Mac Address Table EM I 65536 20 0.03% 0 0 0 20 Mac Address Table TCAM I 1024 21 2.05% 0 0 0 21 L3 Multicast EM I 16384 0 0.00% 0 0 0 0 L3 Multicast TCAM I 1024 9 0.88% 3 6 0 0 L2 Multicast EM I 16384 0 0.00% 0 0 0 0 L2 Multicast TCAM I 1024 11 1.07% 3 8 0 0 IP Route Table EM I 49152 31 0.06% 18 0 13 0 IP Route Table TCAM I 65536 24 0.04% 15 6 2 1
<...snip...>
通過80000插入字首
C9407R#show bgp vpnv4 unicast all summary BGP router identifier 10.255.255.255, local AS number 65000 BGP table version is 580445, main routing table version 580445 80003 network entries using 20480768 bytes of memory 80003 path entries using 10880408 bytes of memory 16002/8001 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 4864608 bytes of memory 8002 BGP AS-PATH entries using 533708 bytes of memory 1 BGP extended community entries using 24 bytes of memory 0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory 0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory BGP using 36759516 total bytes of memory BGP activity 420126/340116 prefixes, 475340/395329 paths, scan interval 60 secs 80009 networks peaked at 04:52:57 Jan 1 2015 UTC (01:02:51.236 ago) Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd 192.168.1.2 4 65001 101 40485 501775 0 0 01:25:44 0 192.168.1.6 4 65002 31330 96 580445 0 0 01:23:30 80003 <-- 80K prefixes injected in range 172.18.x.x
C9407R#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization Codes: EM - Exact_Match, I - Input, O - Output, IO - Input & Output, NA - Not Applicable CAM Utilization for ASIC [0] Table Subtype Dir Max Used %Used V4 V6 MPLS Other ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Mac Address Table EM I 65536 20 0.03% 0 0 0 20 Mac Address Table TCAM I 1024 21 2.05% 0 0 0 21 L3 Multicast EM I 16384 0 0.00% 0 0 0 0 L3 Multicast TCAM I 1024 9 0.88% 3 6 0 0 L2 Multicast EM I 16384 0 0.00% 0 0 0 0 L2 Multicast TCAM I 1024 11 1.07% 3 8 0 0 IP Route Table EM I 49152 31 0.06% 18 0 13 0 IP Route Table TCAM I 65536 65536 100.00% 65527 6 2 1 <-- Limit is reached and TCAM cannot program all prefixes
日誌消息指示FED無法對FIB型別條目進行程式設計
%FED_L3_ERRMSG-3-RSRC_ERR: R0/0: fed: Failed to allocate hardware resource for fib entry due to hardware resource exhaustion - rc:2054
解決方案
需要字首總結才能解決此類擴展問題。總結的方法取決於使用的協定、子網的連續程度以及您的特定環境。
您還可以按字首長度檢查硬體中安裝的字首,以幫助確定每個長度的多少個並在必要時進行總結。
C9300-48U#show platform software fed switch active ip route summary Total number of v4 fib entries = 1024 <-- total prefix count Total number succeeded in hardware = 1024 <-- total successfully installed in hardware Mask-Len 0 :- Total-count 2 hw-installed count 2 Mask-Len 4 :- Total-count 2 hw-installed count 2 Mask-Len 8 :- Total-count 4 hw-installed count 4 Mask-Len 24 :- Total-count 1000 hw-installed count 1000 <-- breakdown by mask length Mask-Len 30 :- Total-count 2 hw-installed count 2 Mask-Len 32 :- Total-count 14 hw-installed count 14
<...snip...>
如瞭解Catalyst 9000交換器上的硬體資源」檔案所述,基於UADP 3.0的交換器使用結合了精確配對(EM)和最長首碼配對(LPM)專案的最佳化FIB記憶體。列出的TCAM記憶體僅用於溢位、衝突和其他異常。
如果您注意到TCAM被高度利用,而EM/LPM未被充分利用(不是接近或達到最大值),這可能是由於網路設計中使用了太多字首長度所致。EM/LPM只能程式設計特定數量的掩碼長度,但該數量不是靜態的。EM/LPM可以程式設計的掩碼數量隨SDM模板而異,並且會隨著網路的路由規模而進一步變化。
總而言之,對於UADP 3.0,SDM配置、路由規模(路由數)和字首長度差異(唯一子網掩碼數)之間存在動態平衡。如果IP路由表TCAM在IP路由表EM/LPM接近最大值之前用盡,則可能由於SDM配置、路由規模(路由數)和字首長度差異(唯一子網掩碼數)而出現問題。
當發生FIB規模限制時,將生成系統日誌,指示硬體無法程式設計:
%FED_L3_ERRMSG-3-RSRC_ERR: R0/0: fed: Failed to allocate hardware resource for fib entry due to hardware resource exhaustion - rc:2054
注意:系統日誌僅表示一般故障,不具體表示EM/LPM、TCAM或其他故障。您需要運行其他命令來檢視哪個命令存在問題。
9500-48Y4C(9500H/高效能 — 基於UADP 3.0的交換機)
在EM/LPM之前使用的TCAM示例:
Switch#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization
Codes: EM - Exact_Match, I - Input, O - Output, IO - Input & Output, NA - Not Applicable
CAM Utilization for ASIC [0]
Table Subtype Dir Max Used %Used V4 V6 MPLS Other
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IP Route Table EM/LPM I 212992 134345 63.08% 2 0 1 0 <-- 63% (EM is not near or at its limit)
IP Route Table TCAM I 1536 1516 98.70% 6 6 2 1 <-- 98% (TCAM is used before EM has reached scale limit)
在這種情況下,EM/LPM表可能得不到充分利用:
掩碼長度的廣泛分佈,加上字首數量較少的掩碼,導致許多表被分配,許多表未得到充分使用的情況。這會導致在基於UADP 3.0的交換機上達到理想的最大硬體利用率之前出現「為fib...分配硬體資源失敗」錯誤。
隨著分配給單個字首長度的表例項數量的增加,可能會沒有足夠的表用於其它長度的字首。
當字首長度的條目數量未充分利用它所屬的最後一個表時,可能發生次最佳化使用。
此範例說明在9500-48Y4C交換器上得知的4500 eBGP字首。
透過此CLI可以觀察到以下情況:
F241.03.23-C9500-2#show platform software fed active hash l3unicast ********************* TABLE INFO ASIC 0 ********************************* Index Hash Id Table Id Size Used Mode Asic Core BaseIdx 1 8 0 2048 11 Normal 0 0 0 2 8 1 2048 0 Normal 0 0 2048 ... Total Entries: 11 <<<< minimal entries, no routes yet injected from eBGP *************************** MASK INFO ********************************* Mask Id Table Count Size Available Hash Entries Overflow Entries 1 0 0 0 0 1 ... 33 1 2048 2037 7 0 <<<< Mask ID 33 = IPv4 Mask 32. Hardware Masks beyond 33 are for IPv6, MPLS,
or other features. ... NOTE: 7 hash (EM/LPM) entries are used already, 0 overflow (TCAM) ******* MASK ALLOCATION INFO PER TABLE FOR ASIC 0 ******* Asic: 0 Core: 0 Hash Id: 8 Table Id: 0 Index MASK GMR/LPM Idx Used 0 33 2 7 1 162 2 3 2 164 0 1 Asic: 0 Core: 1 Hash Id: 11 Table Id: 7 Index MASK GMR/LPM Idx Used 0 0 0 0 1 139 2 0
Inject 4500 eBGP IPv4 routes; F241.03.23-C9500-2#show platform software fed active hash l3unicast ********************* TABLE INFO ASIC 0 ********************************* Index Hash Id Table Id Size Used Mode Asic Core BaseIdx 1 8 0 2048 2048 Normal 0 0 0 <<< Table index 1 fully utilized 2 8 1 2048 423 Normal 0 0 2048 <<< Table index 2 423 / 2048 utilized,
must be used for /32 IPv4 prefixes or other features ... 56 11 7 2048 2029 Normal 0 1 112640 Total Entries: 4500 *************************** MASK INFO ********************************* Mask Id Table Count Size Available Hash Entries Overflow Entries ... 33 3 6144 1644 4496 1 <<< Hardware Mask 33 increased table count to 3, 1644 "available" spots for /33 (for example IPv4 /32) ******* MASK ALLOCATION INFO PER TABLE FOR ASIC 0 ******* Asic: 0 Core: 0 Hash Id: 8 Table Id: 0 Index MASK GMR/LPM Idx Used 0 33 2 2044 1 162 2 3 <<< Another interface is configured with IPv6, hence the/162 mask. /162 mask in hardware = /128 in IPv6. Asic: 0 Core: 0 Hash Id: 8 Table Id: 1 Index MASK GMR/LPM Idx Used 0 33 2 423 Asic: 0 Core: 1 Hash Id: 11 Table Id: 7 Index MASK GMR/LPM Idx Used 0 33 2 2029 />
在下一個示例中,將插入最小數量的字首,以強制使用從/11到/32的每個掩碼長度都使用一個新表。
這通過在Cisco IOS XE 17.3上使用「分發」SDM模板來實現,該模板具有56個表,可動態分配給FIB條目。
註:管理EM/LPM和TCAM分配的硬體演算法非常複雜,它平衡了使用者配置和硬體的限制。本文檔中給出的結果不能完全代表系統在生產網路中的行為。
F241.03.23-C9500-2#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization | include Subtype|IP Route Table Subtype Dir Max Used %Used V4 V6 MPLS Other IP Route Table EM/LPM I 114688 11 0.01% 7 3 1 0 IP Route Table TCAM I 1536 15 0.98% 7 6 2 0 Inject the routes... *Jan 8 16:17:47.762: %FED_L3_ERRMSG-3-RSRC_ERR: R0/0: fed: Failed to allocate hardware resource for fib entry due to hardware resource exhaustion - rc:2054 F241.03.23-C9500-2#show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization | include Subtype|IP Route Table Subtype Dir Max Used %Used V4 V6 MPLS Other IP Route Table EM/LPM I 114688 73326 63.94% 73322 3 1 0 <<< EM/LPM at 63.94% IP Route Table TCAM I 1536 1535 99.93% 1527 6 2 0 <<< TCAM nearly full F241.03.23-C9500-2#show platform software fed active ip route summary Total number of v4 fib entries = 75789 Total number succeeded in hardware = 74847 Mask-Len 0 :- Total-count 1 hw-installed count 1 Mask-Len 4 :- Total-count 1 hw-installed count 1 Mask-Len 8 :- Total-count 2 hw-installed count 2 Mask-Len 11 :- Total-count 1250 hw-installed count 1250 Mask-Len 12 :- Total-count 300 hw-installed count 300 Mask-Len 13 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 14 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 15 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 16 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 17 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 18 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 19 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 20 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 21 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 22 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 23 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 24 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 25 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 26 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 27 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 28 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 29 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 30 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 31 :- Total-count 12 hw-installed count 12 Mask-Len 32 :- Total-count 74007 hw-installed count 73065 <<< 74007 total /32 known by software, 73065 successfully installed in hardware F241.03.23-C9500-2#show platform software fed active hash l3unicast ********************* TABLE INFO ASIC 0 ********************************* Index Hash Id Table Id Size Used Mode Asic Core BaseIdx 1 8 0 2048 2048 Normal 0 0 0 ... 56 11 7 2048 12 Normal 0 1 112640 <<< Table indexes 1-56 (varies with SDM) will exist and all show some amount in "used" column *************************** MASK INFO ********************************* Mask Id Table Count Size Available Hash Entries Overflow Entries 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 1 9 0 0 0 0 2 10 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 12 1 2048 809 1239 11 13 1 2048 1759 289 11 14 1 2048 2047 1 11 15 1 2048 2047 1 11 16 1 2048 2047 1 11 17 1 2048 2036 12 0 18 1 2048 2036 12 0 19 1 2048 2036 12 0 20 1 2048 2036 12 0 21 1 2048 2036 12 0 22 1 2048 2036 12 0 23 1 2048 2036 12 0 24 1 2048 2036 12 0 25 1 2048 2036 12 0 26 1 2048 2047 1 11 27 1 2048 2047 1 11 28 1 2048 2047 1 11 29 1 2048 2047 1 11 30 1 2048 2047 1 11 31 1 2048 2047 1 11 32 1 2048 2047 1 11 33 35 71680 0 71676 1389 <<< Mask ID /33 allocated 35 tables, 71680 entries, 716676 in EM/LPM (Hash). There are 1389 hw-installed entries in TCAM.
要解決此情況,請按優先順序使用其中的一個或多個選項
注意:請參閱Catalyst 9500和Catalyst 9600系列交換機的「系統管理配置指南」中的「章節:配置SDM模板」瞭解有關SDM模板的詳細資訊。
與IPv4利用率相關的最常見硬體資源問題將在本指南中介紹,並提供相應的補救步驟。但是,如果此指南未解決您的問題,請收集所示的命令清單,並將它們附加到TAC服務請求。
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show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource tcam utilization
show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource utilization
show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource rewrite utilization
show platform hardware fed active fwd-asic resource features ip-adjacency utilization
show platform software fed active ip route summary
show platform software fed active hash l3unicast
show ip route
show ip route vrf *
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IP路由配置指南,Cisco IOS XE Amsterdam 17.3.x(Catalyst 9500交換機) — 章節:配置OSPF
IP路由配置指南,Cisco IOS XE Amsterdam 17.3.x(Catalyst 9500交換機) — 章節:配置EIGRP
IP路由配置指南,Cisco IOS XE Amsterdam 17.3.x(Catalyst 9500交換機) — 章節:配置BGP
系統管理配置指南,Cisco IOS XE Amsterdam 17.3.x(Catalyst 9500交換機) — 章節:配置SDM模板
修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
---|---|---|
2.0 |
01-Jun-2023 |
新增影片連結:Catalyst 9000交換機FIB硬體資源耗盡故障排除 |
1.0 |
05-Aug-2022 |
初始版本 |