在某些環境中,可能需要捆綁多個串列鏈路來充當具有聚合頻寬的單個鏈路。本文檔介紹如何使用虛擬模板介面配置Cisco 4500路由器捆綁四個串列介面。
此配置可用於通過租用線路連線的路由器或具有通道服務單元/資料服務單元(CSU/DSU)的路由器。 您可以根據需要為此配置新增其他功能。
本文件沒有特定需求。
本檔案中的資訊是根據以下軟體和硬體版本。
實驗環境下的思科4500路由器,已清除配置。
兩台路由器上都運行了Cisco IOS®版本12.2(10b)。
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您在即時網路中工作,請確保在使用任何命令之前瞭解其潛在影響。
此配置還可以用於以下硬體和軟體版本。
任意兩台每台都有四個串列介面的路由器。
可以使用WIC-1T和WIC-2T串列介面。
如需文件慣例的詳細資訊,請參閱思科技術提示慣例。
本節提供用於設定本文件中所述功能的資訊。
注意:要查詢有關本文檔中使用的命令的其他資訊,請使用命令查詢工具(僅限註冊客戶)。
本文檔使用下圖所示的網路設定。
此配置已在4500系列路由器上使用Cisco IOS軟體版本12.2(10b)進行測試。相同的配置概念適用於類似的路由器拓撲或其他Cisco IOS版本。
本文檔使用如下所示的配置。
路由器 A |
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version 12.2 ! hostname RouterA ! ! username RouterB password xxx ip subnet-zero multilink virtual-template 1 ! interface loopback 0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Virtual-Template1 ip unnumbered loopback0 ppp authentication chap ppp multilink ! interface Serial0 no ip address encapsulation ppp no fair-queue ppp multilink pulse-time 3 ! interface Serial1 no ip address encapsulation ppp no fair-queue ppp multilink pulse-time 3 ! interface Serial2 no ip address encapsulation ppp no fair-queue ppp multilink pulse-time 3 ! interface Serial3 no ip address encapsulation ppp no fair-queue ppp multilink pulse-time 3 ! interface FastEthernet0 ip address 10.17.1.254 255.255.255.0 ! router rip network 10.0.0.0 network 192.168.1.0 ! end |
路由器 B |
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version 12.2 ! hostname RouterB ! username RouterA password xxx ip subnet-zero multilink virtual-template 1 ! interface loopback 0 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 ! ! interface Virtual-Template1 ip unnumbered loopback0 ppp authentication chap ppp multilink ! interface Serial0 no ip address encapsulation ppp no fair-queue ppp multilink pulse-time 3 ! interface Serial1 no ip address encapsulation ppp no fair-queue ppp multilink pulse-time 3 ! interface Serial2 no ip address encapsulation ppp no fair-queue ppp multilink pulse-time 3 ! interface Serial3 no ip address encapsulation ppp no fair-queue ppp multilink pulse-time 3 ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.0.0 ! router rip network 172.16.0.0 network 192.168.1.0 ! end |
配置以下內容以實施上述配置:
multilink virtual-template
interface virtual-template
捆綁必須完成的每個串列介面中的PPP多鏈路。
作為IP路由協定的RIP
介面loopback 0配置為永不發生故障,而ip unnumbered loopback 0增強了具有相同IP地址的五個以上串列介面的捆綁。
當所有串列介面都處於開啟狀態並且要傳送使用者流量時,多鏈路PPP會建立一個虛擬訪問介面,並發生PPP協商。此虛擬訪問介面的配置從虛擬模板克隆。已啟動的串列介面數量捆綁在此虛擬訪問介面中,並建立一個聚合頻寬。
本節提供的資訊可用於確認您的組態是否正常運作。
輸出直譯器工具(僅供註冊客戶使用)支援某些show命令,此工具可讓您檢視show命令輸出的分析。
show ip route
show ip rip database
show ppp multilink
show interface virtual-access 1
RouterA#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set R 172.16.0.0/16 [120/1] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:19, Virtual-Access1 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 10.17.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0 192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 C 192.168.1.2/32 is directly connected, Virtual-Access1 RouterA#show ip route connected 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 10.17.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0 192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 C 192.168.1.2/32 is directly connected, Virtual-Access1 RouterB#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set C 172.16.0.0/16 is directly connected, Ethernet0 R 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:18, Virtual-Access1 192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, Virtual-Access1 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 RouterB#show ip route connected C 172.16.0.0/16 is directly connected, Ethernet0 192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, Virtual-Access1 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0 RouterA#show ip rip database 10.0.0.0/8 auto-summary 10.17.1.0/24 directly connected, FastEthernet0 172.16.0.0/16 auto-summary 172.16.0.0/16 [1] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:34, Virtual-Access1 192.168.1.0/24 auto-summary 192.168.1.0/24 directly connected, Loopback0 192.168.1.2/32 directly connected, Virtual-Access1 RouterB#show ip rip database 10.0.0.0/8 auto-summary 10.0.0.0/8 [1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:13, Virtual-Access 1172.16.0.0/16 auto-summary 172.16.0.0/16 directly connected, Ethernet0 192.168.1.0/24 auto-summary 192.168.1.0/24 directly connected, Loopback0 192.168.1.1/32 directly connected, Virtual-Access1 RouterA#show ppp multilink Virtual-Access1, bundle name is RouterB Bundle up for 17:01:59 0 lost fragments, 0 reordered, 0 unassigned 0 discarded, 0 lost received, 1/255 load 0xD3C received sequence, 0x1180 sent sequence Member links: 4 (max not set, min not set) Serial0, since 17:01:59, last rcvd seq 000D38 Serial1, since 17:01:50, last rcvd seq 000D39 Serial2, since 17:01:46, last rcvd seq 000D3A Serial3, since 17:01:41, last rcvd seq 000D3B RouterB#show ppp multilink Virtual-Access1, bundle name is RouterA Bundle up for 12:47:33 0 lost fragments, 0 reordered, 0 unassigned 0 discarded, 0 lost received, 1/255 load 0x1186 received sequence, 0xD40 sent sequence Member links: 4 (max not set, min not set) Serial0, since 12:47:33, last rcvd seq 001184 Serial1, since 12:47:27, last rcvd seq 001185 Serial2, since 12:47:23, last rcvd seq 001182 Serial3, since 12:47:20, last rcvd seq 001183 RouterA#show interface virtual-access 1 Virtual-Access1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is Virtual Access interface Interface is unnumbered. Using address of Loopback0 (192.168.1.1) MTU 1500 bytes, BW 6176 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set Keepalive set (10 sec) DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset LCP Open, multilink Open Open: IPCP Last input 00:00:00, output never, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters 17:05:41 Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 1711 packets input, 163898 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 2256 packets output, 211897 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 0 carrier transitions RouterB#show interface virtual-access 1 Virtual-Access1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is Virtual Access interface Interface is unnumbered. Using address of Loopback0 (192.168.1.2) MTU 1500 bytes, BW 6176 Kbit, DLY 100000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set Keepalive set (10 sec) DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset LCP Open, multilink Open Open: IPCP Last input 00:00:20, output never, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters 12:54:17 Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue :0/40 (size/max) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 2256 packets input, 216460 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 1714 packets output, 160624 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 0 carrier transitions
本節提供的資訊可用於對組態進行疑難排解。
輸出直譯器工具(僅供註冊客戶使用)支援某些show命令,此工具可讓您檢視show命令輸出的分析。
注意:發出debug指令之前,請先參閱有關Debug指令的重要資訊。
debug ppp negotiation — 檢視客戶端是否正在傳遞PPP協商;此命令用於檢查地址協商。
debug ppp authentication — 檢視客戶端是否正在傳遞身份驗證。如果您使用的是11.2之前的Cisco IOS軟體版本,請改用debug ppp chap命令。
debug ppp error — 顯示與PPP連線協商和操作相關的協定錯誤和錯誤統計資訊。
debug vtemplate — 顯示虛擬模板克隆以形成虛擬訪問介面。
debug ppp multilink events — 檢視PPP多鏈路事件調試。顯示有關影響多連結組的事件的資訊。
show ppp multilink — 檢視多鏈路捆綁的成員。
從Cisco 4500路由器獲得以下輸出。它們顯示建立多鏈路PPP連線的路由器。
RouterA#debug vtemplate Virtual Template debugging is on *Dec 1 17:24:16.519: Vi1 VTEMPLATE: Reuse Vi1, recycle queue size 0 *Dec 1 17:24:16.519: Vi1 VTEMPLATE: Set default settings with ip unnumbered *Dec 1 17:24:16.539: Vi1 VTEMPLATE: Hardware address 00d0.bbfa.f579 *Dec 1 17:24:16.543: Vi1 VTEMPLATE: Has a new cloneblk vtemplate, now it has vtemplate *Dec 1 17:24:16.543: Vi1 VTEMPLATE: ********** CLONE VACCESS1 *********** *Dec 1 17:24:16.543: Vi1 VTEMPLATE: Clone from Virtual-Template1 interface Virtual-Access1 default ip address no ip address encap ppp ip unnumbered loopback0 end *Dec 1 17:24:16.595: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up *Dec 1 17:24:17.515: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up *Dec 1 17:24:17.595: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up RouterA#debug ppp negotiation PPP protocol negotiation debugging is on Dec 11 19:39:14.523: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0, changed state to reset Dec 11 19:39:14.523: Se0 LCP: State is Closed Dec 11 19:39:14.627: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Dec 11 19:39:16.523: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to up Dec 11 19:39:16.523: Se0 PPP: Treating connection as a dedicated line Dec 11 19:39:16.523: Se0 PPP: Phase is ESTABLISHING, Active Open [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:39:16.523: Se0 LCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 25 len 24 Dec 11 19:39:16.523: Se0 LCP: MagicNumber 0xD4CBA693 (0x0506D4CBA693) Dec 11 19:39:16.523: Se0 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:39:16.523: Se0 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterA (0x130A01506F6D65726F6C) Dec 11 19:39:16.535: Se0 LCP: I CONFREQ [REQsent] id 33 len 25 Dec 11 19:39:16.535: Se0 LCP: MagicNumber 0x03200E36 (0x050603200E36) Dec 11 19:39:16.535: Se0 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:39:16.539: Se0 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterB (0x130B0150756C6C69676E79) Dec 11 19:39:16.539: Se0 LCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 33 len 25 Dec 11 19:39:16.539: Se0 LCP: MagicNumber 0x03200E36 (0x050603200E36) Dec 11 19:39:16.539: Se0 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:39:16.539: Se0 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterB (0x130B0150756C6C69676E79) Dec 11 19:39:16.539: Se0 LCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 25 len 24 Dec 11 19:39:16.539: Se0 LCP: MagicNumber 0xD4CBA693 (0x0506D4CBA693) Dec 11 19:39:16.539: Se0 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:39:16.543: Se0 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterA (0x130A01506F6D65726F6C) Dec 11 19:39:16.543: Se0 LCP: State is Open Dec 11 19:39:16.543: Se0 PPP: Phase is VIRTUALIZED [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:39:16.555: Vi1 PPP: Phase is DOWN, Setup [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:39:16.587: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up Dec 11 19:39:16.587: Vi1 PPP: Treating connection as a dedicated line Dec 11 19:39:16.587: Vi1 PPP: Phase is ESTABLISHING, Active Open [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:39:16.587: Vi1 LCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 1 len 29 Dec 11 19:39:16.587: Vi1 LCP: AuthProto CHAP (0x0305C22305) Dec 11 19:39:16.587: Vi1 LCP: MagicNumber 0xD4CBA6D4 (0x0506D4CBA6D4) Dec 11 19:39:16.587: Vi1 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:39:16.587: Vi1 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterA (0x130A01506F6D65726F6C) Dec 11 19:39:16.587: Vi1 PPP: Phase is UP [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:39:16.591: Vi1 IPCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 1 len 10 Dec 11 19:39:16.591: Vi1 IPCP: Address 192.168.1.1 (0x0306C0A80101) Dec 11 19:39:16.591: Vi1 MLP: Added first link Se0 to bundle RouterB Dec 11 19:39:16.623: Vi1 IPCP: I CONFREQ [REQsent] id 1 len 10 Dec 11 19:39:16.623: Vi1 IPCP: Address 192.168.1.2 (0x0306C0A80102) Dec 11 19:39:16.623: Vi1 IPCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 1 len 10 Dec 11 19:39:16.623: Vi1 IPCP: Address 192.168.1.2 (0x0306C0A80102) Dec 11 19:39:16.623: Vi1 IPCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 1 len 10 Dec 11 19:39:16.627: Vi1 IPCP: Address 192.168.1.1 (0x0306C0A80101) Dec 11 19:39:16.627: Vi1 IPCP: State is Open Dec 11 19:39:16.627: Vi1 IPCP: Install route to 192.168.1.2 Dec 11 19:39:17.543: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up Dec 11 19:39:17.587: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up RouterB#debug ppp negotiation PPP protocol negotiation debugging is on Dec 11 19:38:08.975: Se0 LCP: I CONFREQ [Closed] id 25 len 24 Dec 11 19:38:08.975: Se0 LCP: MagicNumber 0xD4CBA693 (0x0506D4CBA693) Dec 11 19:38:08.975: Se0 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:38:08.975: Se0 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterA (0x130A01506F6D65726F6C) Dec 11 19:38:08.975: Se0 LCP: Lower layer not up, Fast Starting Dec 11 19:38:08.975: Se0 PPP: Treating connection as a dedicated line Dec 11 19:38:08.979: Se0 PPP: Phase is ESTABLISHING, Active Open [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:38:08.979: Se0 LCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 33 len 25 Dec 11 19:38:08.979: Se0 LCP: MagicNumber 0x03200E36 (0x050603200E36) Dec 11 19:38:08.979: Se0 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:38:08.979: Se0 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterB (0x130B0150756C6C69676E79) Dec 11 19:38:08.979: Se0 LCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 25 len 24 Dec 11 19:38:08.979: Se0 LCP: MagicNumber 0xD4CBA693 (0x0506D4CBA693) Dec 11 19:38:08.979: Se0 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:38:08.979: Se0 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterA (0x130A01506F6D65726F6C) Dec 11 19:38:08.979: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to up Dec 11 19:38:08.987: Se0 LCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 33 len 25 Dec 11 19:38:08.987: Se0 LCP: MagicNumber 0x03200E36 (0x050603200E36) Dec 11 19:38:08.987: Se0 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:38:08.987: Se0 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterB (0x130B0150756C6C69676E79) Dec 11 19:38:08.987: Se0 LCP: State is Open Dec 11 19:38:08.987: Se0 PPP: Phase is VIRTUALIZED [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:38:08.999: Vi1 PPP: Phase is DOWN, Setup [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:38:09.039: Se0 IPCP: Packet buffered while building MLP bundle interface Dec 11 19:38:09.043: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 PPP: Treating connection as a dedicated line Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 PPP: Phase is ESTABLISHING, Active Open [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 LCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 1 len 30 Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 LCP: AuthProto CHAP (0x0305C22305) Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 LCP: MagicNumber 0x03200E78 (0x050603200E78) Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 LCP: MRRU 1524 (0x110405F4) Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 LCP: EndpointDisc 1 RouterB (0x130B0150756C6C69676E79) Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 PPP: Phase is UP [0 sess, 1 load] Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 IPCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 1 len 10 Dec 11 19:38:09.043: Vi1 IPCP: Address 192.168.1.2 (0x0306C0A80102) Dec 11 19:38:09.047: Vi1 MLP: Added first link Se0 to bundle RouterA Dec 11 19:38:09.047: Vi1 PPP: Pending ncpQ size is 1 Dec 11 19:38:09.047: Se0 IPCP: Redirect packet to Vi1 Dec 11 19:38:09.047: Vi1 IPCP: I CONFREQ [REQsent] id 1 len 10 Dec 11 19:38:09.047: Vi1 IPCP: Address 192.168.1.1 (0x0306C0A80101) Dec 11 19:38:09.047: Vi1 IPCP: O CONFACK [REQsent] id 1 len 10 Dec 11 19:38:09.047: Vi1 IPCP: Address 192.168.1.1 (0x0306C0A80101) Dec 11 19:38:09.051: Vi1 IPCP: I CONFACK [ACKsent] id 1 len 10 Dec 11 19:38:09.051: Vi1 IPCP: Address 192.168.1.2 (0x0306C0A80102) Dec 11 19:38:09.051: Vi1 IPCP: State is Open Dec 11 19:38:09.051: Vi1 IPCP: Install route to 192.168.1.1 Dec 11 19:38:09.987: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up Dec 11 19:38:10.043: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up RouterB#debug ppp multilink events Multilink events debugging is on Dec 11 19:41:30.239: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to up Dec 11 19:41:30.243: Se0 MLP: Request add link to bundle Dec 11 19:41:30.243: Se0 MLP: Adding link to bundle Dec 11 19:41:30.255: Vi1 MLP: VP: Clone from Vtemplate 1 block=1 Dec 11 19:41:30.299: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up Dec 11 19:41:30.299: Vi1 MLP: Added first link Se0 to bundle RouterA Dec 11 19:41:31.243: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up Dec 11 19:41:31.243: Se0 MLP: cdp packet forwarded to wrong interface Dec 11 19:41:31.299: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up
修訂 | 發佈日期 | 意見 |
---|---|---|
1.0 |
15-Sep-2005 |
初始版本 |