簡介
本檔案介紹用於瞭解存取點(Ap)與無線LAN控制器(WLC)之間的CAPWAP/LWAPP通道中斷的使用案例。
必要條件
需求
思科建議您瞭解以下主題:
- 存取點(AP)和無線區域網路控制器(WLC)組態
- 路由與交換.
- 無線存取點的控制與布建(CAPWAP)
- 輕量型存取點通訊協定(LWAPP)
採用元件
本文件所述內容不限於特定軟體和硬體版本。
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
背景資訊
本檔案介紹使用案例,以瞭解存取點(AP)和無線LAN控制器(WLC)之間控制和布建無線存取點(CAPWAP)/輕量存取點通訊協定(LWAPP)通道中斷的原因。
基於控制器的AP註冊流程
AP通過上述過程向控制器註冊:
- 從AP向WLC發出的CAPWAP發現消息請求。
- 從WLC到AP的發現響應消息。
- AP根據收到的CAPWAP響應選擇WLC加入。
- 從AP傳送到WLC的加入請求。
- 控制器驗證AP並傳送加入響應。
向WLC註冊時在AP上捕獲的日誌:
Press RETURN to get started!
Translating "CISCO-CAPWAP-CONTROLLER"...domain server (255.255.255.255)
<Date & time> %CAPWAP-5-CHANGED: CAPWAP changed state to DISCOVERY
<Date & time> status of voice_diag_test from WLC is false
<Date & time> %SSH-5-ENABLED: SSH 2.0 has been enabled
<Date & time> Logging LWAPP message to 255.255.255.255.
<Date & time> %CDP_PD-4-POWER_OK: 15.4 W power - NEGOTIATED inline power source
<Date & time> %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Dot11Radio1, changed state to up
<Date & time> %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to up
<Date & time> %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio1, changed state to up
<Date & time> %SYS-6-LOGGINGHOST_STARTSTOP: Logging to host 255.255.255.255 started - CLI initiated
<Date & time> %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to up
Translating "CISCO-LWAPP-CONTROLLER"...domain server (255.255.255.255)
Translating "CISCO-CAPWAP-CONTROLLER"...domain server (255.255.255.255)
<Date & time> %CAPWAP-5-DTLSREQSEND: DTLS connection request sent peer_ip: <controller IP> peer_port: 5246
<Date & time> %CAPWAP-5-CHANGED: CAPWAP changed state to
<Date & time> %CAPWAP-5-DTLSREQSUCC: DTLS connection created sucessfully peer_ip: <controller IP> peer_port: 5246
<Date & time> %CAPWAP-5-SENDJOIN: sending Join Request to <controller IP>
<Date & time> %CAPWAP-5-CHANGED: CAPWAP changed state to JOIN
<Date & time> %CAPWAP-5-CHANGED: CAPWAP changed state to CFG
<Date & time> %LWAPP-3-CLIENTERRORLOG: Operator changed mode for 802.11g. Rebooting.
<Date & time> %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to administratively down
<Date & time> %SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested by CAPWAP CLIENT. Reload Reason: Operator changed mode for 802.11g.
<Date & time> %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to down
IOS Bootloader - Starting system.
使用案例1
- AP與WLC解除關聯,且從交換機驗證後,顯示AP沒有IP。
通過控制檯連線到AP時記錄:
<Date & time> LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Dot11Radio0, changed state to up
<Date & time> %CAPWAP-3-ERRORLOG: Not sending discovery request AP does not have an Ip !!
解決方案:
如果DHCP伺服器位於遠端位置,請修復在VLAN下配置的IP幫助地址的可達性問題。如果本地配置了DHCP,請確保沒有DHCP衝突。在AP上配置靜態IP:
登入到AP並鍵入以下命令:
capwap ap ip address <ip> <mask>
capwap ap ip default-gateway <ip>
此外,您還可以指定控制器IP位址:
capwap ap controller ip address <ip>
2.請注意,存在具有IP地址的AP,但無法與WLC通訊可能是控制器IP的解析故障。
來自AP的日誌,出現域名系統(DNS)解析失敗的問題:
<Date & time> %CAPWAP-3-ERRORLOG: Could Not resolve CISCO-CAPWAP-CONTROLLER.local doamin
Not in Bound state.
解決方案:
檢查內部DNS伺服器可訪問性(如果可接受),確保通過DHCP推送的控制器IP地址可訪問。
Break-fix:在AP上手動配置控制器。
"capwap ap {primary-base | secondary-base | tertiary-base}controller-name controller-ip-address"
3.您看到AP已在控制器上註冊,但仍未看到所需的服務集識別符號(SSID)廣播。
(4402-d) >config wlan apgroup interface-mapping add <ap group name> <wlandi> <interfacename>
解決方案:
請在AP組下新增無線LAN(WLAN)。
使用案例2
請注意,在交換機的思科發現協定(CDP)鄰居上未看到AP,並且連線交換機的AP處於錯誤禁用狀態。
從Switch:捕獲
Dec 9 08:42:35.836 UTC: RSTP(10): sending BPDU out Te3/0/47STP: pak->vlan_id: 10 Dec 9 08:42:35.836 UTC: %PM-4-ERR_DISABLE: bpduguard error detected on Te3/0/47, putting Te3/0/47 in err-disable stateSTP: pak->vlan_id: 1 Dec 9 09:47:32.651 UTC: %ILPOWER-5-DETECT: Interface Te3/0/47: Power Device detected: IEEE PD Dec 9 09:47:33.651 UTC: %ILPOWER-5-POWER_GRANTED: Interface Te3/0/47: Power granted Dec 9 09:47:53.545 UTC: %PM-4-ERR_DISABLE: bpduguard error detected on Te3/0/47, putting Te3/0/47 in err-disable state Dec 9 09:48:10.955 UTC: %ILPOWER-5-DETECT: Interface Te3/0/47: Power Device detected: IEEE PD Dec 9 09:48:11.955 UTC: %ILPOWER-5-POWER_GRANTED: Interface Te3/0/47: Power granted Dec 9 09:48:32.114 UTC: %PM-4-ERR_DISABLE: bpduguard error detected on Te3/0/47, putting Te3/0/47 in err-disable state
解決方案:
在任何情況下,AP都不會傳送網橋協定資料單元(BPDU)防護,這是交換機端的問題。將AP移動到另一個空閒埠,並複製介面配置以及必要的物理檢查。
使用案例3
在遠端辦公室設定中,經常會看到AP和控制器之間的CAPWAP隧道隨機中斷,需要檢查的最重要引數是重新傳輸和重試間隔。
AP重新傳輸間隔和重試間隔可以在全域性級別和AP級別配置。全域性配置將這些配置引數應用到所有AP。也就是說,所有AP的重傳間隔和重試計數是一致的。
來自WLC的問題日誌:
*spamApTask6: Jun 01 17:17:55.426: %LWAPP-3-AP_DEL: spam_lrad.c:6088 1c:d1:e0:43:1d:20: Entry deleted for AP: 10.209.36.5 (5256) reason : AP Message Timeout. *spamApTask6: Jun 01 17:17:55.426: %CAPWAP-4-INVALID_STATE_EVENT: capwap_ac_sm.c:9292 The system detects an invalid AP(1c:d1:e0:43:1d:20) event (Capwap_configuration_update_request) and state (Capwap_dtls_teardown) combination -Traceback: 0xe69bba3a5f 0xe69b9b9446 0xe69bdc5e3b 0xe69b8f238c 0xe69bbaf33b 0xe69cc8041b 0xe69c71df97 0x7fef39282dff 0x7fef3869f98d *spamReceiveTask: Jun 01 17:17:55.426: %CAPWAP-4-INVALID_STATE_EVENT: capwap_ac_sm.c:9292 The system detects an invalid AP(1c:d1:e0:43:1d:20) event (Capwap_configuration_update_request) and state (Capwap_dtls_teardown) combination -Traceback: 0xe69bba3a5f 0xe69b981950 0xe69b76dd5c 0xe69cc757c2 0xe69c71df97 0x7fef39282dff 0x7fef3869f98d *spamApTask5: Jun 01 17:17:55.424: %CAPWAP-3-DTLS_CLOSED_ERR: capwap_ac_sm.c:7521 1c:d1:e0:43:1d:20: DTLS connection closed forAP 10:209:36:5 (5256), Controller: 10:176:92:53 (5246) AP Message Timeout *spamApTask5: Jun 01 17:17:55.423: %CAPWAP-3-MAX_RETRANSMISSIONS_REACHED: capwap_ac_sm.c:8073 Max retransmissions reached on AP(1c:d1:e0:43:1d:20),message (CAPWAP_CONFIGURATION_UPDATE_REQUEST ),number of pending messages(2)
解決方案:如果問題涉及所有站點,則增加 Retransmit count 和 Retransmit interval 無線全域性配置。當所有AP出現問題時增加值的選項。
用於在「全域性配置」下更改AP重新傳輸配置引數的選項
如果問題是某個遠端站點特有的,則特定AP上 Retransmit count 的 Retransmit interval 增加可以解決此問題。
用於更改特定AP下的AP重新傳輸配置引數的選項
使用案例4
AP完全與WLC解除關聯,且無法重新加入控制器,這可能會與數位憑證相關。
有關Cisco WLC和AP方面的裝置證書的一些簡略說明:
- 預設情況下,思科提供的每個裝置都附帶一個有效期為10年的證書。
- 此憑證用於在Cisco WLC和AP之間執行驗證。
- 在證書的幫助下,AP和WLC建立一個安全的資料包傳輸層安全(DTLS)隧道。
遇到兩種與證書相關的問題:
問題1:舊版AP(不想加入WLC)。
通過控制檯連線到AP有助於確定問題,日誌如下所示:
*Sep 13 18:26:24.000: %CAPWAP-5-DTLSREQSEND: DTLS connection request sent peer_ip: 10.1.1.1 peer_port: 5246 *Sep 13 18:26:24.000: %CAPWAP-5-CHANGED: CAPWAP changed state to *Sep 13 18:26:24.099: %PKI-3-CERTIFICATE_INVALID_EXPIRED: Certificate chain validation has failed. The certificate (SN: XXXXXXXXXXXXXX) has expired. Validity period ended on 19:56:24 UTC Aug 12 2018 *Sep 13 18:26:24.099: %LWAPP-3-CLIENTERRORLOG: Peer certificate verification failed *Sep 13 18:26:24.099: %CAPWAP-3-ERRORLOG: Certificate verification failed!
問題2:較新的AP不想加入較舊的WLC。
AP的控制檯會給出如下所示的錯誤:
[*09/09/2019 04:55:26.3299] CAPWAP State: DTLS Teardown [*09/09/2019 04:55:30.9385] CAPWAP State: Discovery [*09/09/2019 04:55:30.9385] Did not get log server settings from DHCP. [*09/09/2019 04:55:41.0000] CAPWAP State: DTLS Setup [*09/09/2019 04:55:41.3399] Bad certificate alert received from peer. [*09/09/2019 04:55:41.3399] DTLS: Received packet caused DTLS to close connection
解決方案:
1. NTP通過CLI禁用和手動設定時間:
(Cisco Controller)> config time ntp delete 1 (Cisco Controller)> config time manual 09/30/18 11:30:00
2. NTP通過GUI禁用和手動設定時間:
導航到 Controller > NTP > Server > Commands > Set Time 以刪除列出的NTP伺服器。
在GUI上手動設定時間的位置
2.停用控制器上的製造商安裝憑證(MIC)。此命令僅在最新版本上被接受。
(Cisco Controller)> config ap cert-expiry-ignore mic enable
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