簡介
本檔案介紹如何在Catalyst 9800系列無線LAN控制器上執行N+1無中斷軟體升級。
必要條件
需求
思科建議您瞭解以下主題:
採用元件
本檔案所提供的資訊是根據這些軟體和硬體元件而定。
- Catalyst C9800-40和C9800-L-F-K9無線LAN控制器
- 按一下OS和Cisco IOS® AP
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
背景資訊
當前的CAPWAP實施要求WLC和AP使用相同的軟體版本。因此,WLC升級後會進行AP升級,這將導致不可避免的網路中斷。 根據目前的實作,如果不排程停機時間,就無法升級WLC。
無中斷升級利用備用WLC(已升級到目標版本)的N+1高可用性概念來升級CAPWAP基礎設施。 然後AP以交錯方式升級,並且它們使用Rolling AP升級功能,以避免網路中斷並且不允許所有AP同時升級。 這可以確保在其中一個AP進行升級過程時,相鄰AP為客戶端提供服務。
工作流程
- 將備用WLC升級到目標版本。
- 在生產WLC和備用生產WLC之間建立移動隧道。
- 在生產控制器上使用install add file 命令啟動升級。
- 預先下載AP。
- 將AP移動到目標控制器(備用WLC)。AP使用輪循AP升級演算法以交錯方式升級。
- 當所有AP多次移動到備用WLC後,在生產WLC上啟用目標映像。
- 生產WLC將重新載入以使新映像生效。
- 將所有AP移回生產控制器。
累計AP升級演算法
該演算法分為三個階段。
1. 候選AP集選擇
首先,根據鄰近的AP資訊選擇一組候選裝置。逐行AP升級演算法選擇每次迭代中要升級的AP的配置百分比,同時保持RF覆蓋範圍
對於無線客戶端服務,覆蓋範圍維護非常重要,因此它優先於選擇所需的AP數量。因此,
對於P = 25%,所有要升級的AP的預期迭代次數約為6
對於P = 15%,所有要升級的AP的預期迭代數約為12
對於P = 5%,所有要升級的AP的預期迭代數約為22
2. 客戶指導
在重新引導候選AP之前,候選AP上的客戶端被引導到不在候選清單中的AP。如果客戶端仍然保留在候選AP上,則會傳送一個去身份驗證幀,並且AP會重新載入新的映像。
3. AP重新載入和重新加入
透過客戶端引導階段,AP會重新載入新映像。
此時,會啟動一個3分鐘的計時器,以便AP重新加入。當此計時器到期時,系統會檢查所有候選AP,並標示它們連線的WLC(自身或對等體)。
如果至少90%的候選AP已重新加入,則迭代結束。如果不是,則延長3分鐘窗口,並再次重複檢查兩次,直到計數達到至少90%。
在第三次嘗試結束時,仍會結束版序,並啟動下一個版序。因此,每個版序最多持續10分鐘。
限制
- 非客戶端服務AP(與在監控器和嗅探器模式下工作的那些)在過程的其他部分開始之前一次性升級。
- 輪轉AP升級不支援網狀AP。如果部署具有網狀無線存取點,則一次升級即可在所有迭代結束時進行升級。
- 16.10隻有一個CLI選項可供配置。
- 在GUI顯示啟用無中斷升級的選項之前,需要註冊AP。
- 以套件組合模式執行的控制器不支援無中斷升級。
拓撲
組態
在GUI上
註:從16.11開始,N+1無中斷升級的GUI選項僅在AP註冊到控制器時可用。
1. 建立控制器之間的移動隧道。
2. 在控制器上啟動升級。同時啟用無中斷升級選項。或者,啟用Fallback after upgrade,以便AP在啟用新映像並重新載入父控制器後移動回父控制器(不交換和重置)。
注意:在此步驟之前,請確保目標WLC已升級到目的碼。
3. 完成所有階段後,WLC會提示重新載入。
在CLI上
1. 建立控制器之間的移動隧道。
9800-40(config)#wireless mobility group member mac-address d478.9b3c.4ecb ip 10.106.36.78 public-ip 10.106.36.78 group default
9800-L(config)#wireless mobility group member mac-address d4e8.80b2.dc8b ip 10.106.36.110 public-ip 10.106.36.110 group default
2. 在控制器上啟動升級。
9800-40#install add file flash:C9800-40-universalk9_wlc.17.01.01s.SPA.bin
安裝成功後,新映像將處於非活動狀態。
9800-40#show install summary
[ Chassis 1 ] Installed Package(s) Information:
State (St): I - Inactive, U - Activated & Uncommitted,
C - Activated & Committed, D - Deactivated & Uncommitted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Type St Filename/Version
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMG I 17.1.1s.0.351
IMG C 16.12.2s.0.47
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Auto abort timer: inactive
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. 在AP上啟動預下載,以將新映像載入為AP上的備份。
9800-40#ap image predownload
若要檢查預先下載的狀態,請使用以下命令。
9800-40#show ap image
Total number of APs: 5
Number of APs
Initiated : 0
Predownloading : 1
Completed predownloading : 3
Not Supported : 0
Failed to Predownload : 0
Predownload in progress : Yes
AP Name Primary Image Backup Image Predownload Status Predownload Version Next Retry Time Retry Count
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AP3800 16.12.2.132 17.1.1.29 Complete 17.1.1.29 0 0
3800-2 16.12.2.132 17.1.1.29 Complete 17.1.1.29 0 0
4800-1 16.12.2.132 17.1.1.29 Complete 17.1.1.29 0 0
3702I-2 16.12.2.132 0.0.0.0 Predownloading 17.1.1.29 0 0
4. 或者,如果您需要設定每次反覆升級的AP百分比,則可使用此命令。預設值為 15。
9800-40(config)#ap upgrade staggered ?
15 15 percent APs per iteration
25 25 percent APs per iteration
5 5 percent APs per iteration
one-shot All APs in one shot, no staggering
5. 一旦所有AP上的預下載完成,請將AP移至在更新代碼中運行的備用控制器。
9800-40#ap image upgrade destination 9800-L 10.106.36.78 fallback
此命令使用swap和reset命令將AP移動到指定的目標WLC。Swap命令交換AP映像,以便目的碼標籤為AP的主要映像,而reset命令重新載入AP。假設目標WLC的版本與AP備份映像的版本相同。
或者,您可以使用fallback關鍵字啟用Fallback after Upgrade選項,以便AP在啟用新映像並重新載入源控制器後移回父控制器(無交換和重置)。
6. 將所有AP移至目的地控制器後,請啟動來源WLC上的映像。
在目標WLC上,驗證是否所有AP都已成功移動。
9800-L#show ap upgrade
AP upgrade is complete, fallback awaited
Fallback type: Fallback only
From version: 16.12.2.132
To version: 17.1.1.29
Started at: 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC
Configured percentage: N/A
Percentage complete: 100
End time: 04/13/2020 02:56:09 UTC
Progress Report
---------------
Iterations
----------
Iteration Start time End time AP count
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC 1
1 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:38:09 UTC 1
2 04/13/2020 02:38:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:44:09 UTC 1
3 04/13/2020 02:44:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:47:09 UTC 1
4 04/13/2020 02:47:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:56:09 UTC 1
Upgraded
--------
Number of APs: 5
AP Name Radio MAC Iteration Status Site
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AP3800 1880.9021.e0e0 0 Joined default-site-tag
3800-2 1880.9021.e280 1 Joined default-site-tag
9130-1 04eb.409f.9760 2 Joined default-site-tag
4800-1 dc8c.3746.b0e0 3 Joined default-site-tag
3702I-2 fc5b.39f1.c7e0 4 Joined Unknown
In Progress
-----------
Number of APs: 0
AP Name Radio MAC
-------------------------------------------------
Remaining
---------
Number of APs: 0
AP Name Radio MAC
-------------------------------------------------
APs not handled by Rolling AP Upgrade
-------------------------------------
AP Name Radio MAC Status Reason for not handling by Rolling AP Upgrade
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
在源WLC上,啟用映像。 對所有提示鍵入yes。安裝完成後,控制器會繼續重新載入。
9800-40#install activate
install_add_activate_commit: Activating PACKAGE
These packages shall be activated:
/bootflash/C9800-L-rpboot.17.01.01s.SPA.pkg
/bootflash/C9800-L-mono-universalk9_wlc.17.01.01s.SPA.pkg
/bootflash/C9800-L-hw-programmables.17.01.01s.SPA.pkg
This operation requires a reload of the system. Do you want to proceed? [y/n]y
--- Starting Activate ---
Performing Activate on all members
[1] Activate package(s) on chassis 1
[1] Finished Activate on chassis 1
Checking status of Activate on [1]
Activate: Passed on [1]
Finished Activate
重新載入後,使用此命令提交映像。
9800-40#install commit
7. 如果未啟用Fallback after Upgrade選項(如步驟5中所述),請在目標WLC上使用此命令,在源WLC升級到最新代碼後將AP移回源WLC。
注意:僅當在啟動無中斷升級時未啟用Fallback after upgrade (在步驟5)選項時,才在目標WLC上使用此命令。
在來源WLC上:
9800-40#show version | i Version
Cisco IOS XE Software, Version 17.01.01s
Cisco IOS Software [Amsterdam], C9800 Software (C9800_IOSXE-K9), Version 17.1.1s, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc4)
在目的地WLC上:
9800-L#ap image move destination 9800-40 10.106.36.110
此命令將AP移回源WLC,而不使用swap 和reset 命令。
8. 所有AP都加入源WLC,並且最新映像必須處於已提交狀態。
9800-40#show install summary
[ Chassis 1/R0 ] Installed Package(s) Information:
State (St): I - Inactive, U - Activated & Uncommitted,
C - Activated & Committed, D - Deactivated & Uncommitted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Type St Filename/Version
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMG C 17.1.1s.0.351
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Auto abort timer: inactive
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9800-40#show ap summary
Number of APs: 5
AP Name Slots AP Model Ethernet MAC Radio MAC Location Country IP Address State
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9130-1 2 9130AXI 04eb.409e.2620 04eb.409f.9760 default location IN 10.106.36.145 Registered
AP3800 2 3802I a023.9fae.f48a 1880.9021.e0e0 default location IN 10.106.37.13 Registered
3800-2 2 3802I a023.9fae.f4a4 1880.9021.e280 default location IN 10.106.36.187 Registered
4800-1 3 4800 dc8c.370e.b2da dc8c.3746.b0e0 default location IN 10.106.36.130 Registered
3702I-2 2 3702I fc5b.39d9.f4b4 fc5b.39f1.c7e0 default location IN 10.106.38.219 Registered
驗證
- 確保WLC以安裝模式運行。捆綁包模式不支援無中斷升級。
9800-40#show version | i mode
Installation mode is INSTALL
9800-40#show wireless mobility summary
Mobility Summary
Wireless Management VLAN: 36
Wireless Management IP Address: 10.106.36.110
Wireless Management IPv6 Address:
Mobility Control Message DSCP Value: 48
Mobility Keepalive Interval/Count: 10/3
Mobility Group Name: default
Mobility Multicast Ipv4 address: 0.0.0.0
Mobility Multicast Ipv6 address: ::
Mobility MAC Address: d4e8.80b2.dc8b
Mobility Domain Identifier: 0x34ac
Controllers configured in the Mobility Domain:
IP Public Ip MAC Address Group Name Multicast IPv4 Multicast IPv6 Status PMTU
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.106.36.110 N/A d4e8.80b2.dc8b default 0.0.0.0 :: N/A N/A
10.106.36.78 10.106.36.78 d478.9b3c.4ecb default 0.0.0.0 :: Up 1385
在來源WLC上
9800-40#show ap upgrade
AP upgrade is in progress
Fallback type: Fallback only
From version: 16.12.2.132
To version: 17.1.1.29
Started at: 04/12/2020 21:02:09 India
Configured percentage: 15
Percentage complete: 80
Expected time of completion: 04/12/2020 22:22:09 India
Progress Report
---------------
Iterations
----------
Iteration Start time End time AP count
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 04/12/2020 21:02:09 India 04/12/2020 21:02:09 India 1
1 04/12/2020 21:02:09 India 04/12/2020 21:08:09 India 1
2 04/12/2020 21:08:09 India 04/12/2020 21:14:09 India 1
3 04/12/2020 21:14:09 India 04/12/2020 21:17:09 India 1
4 04/12/2020 21:17:09 India ONGOING 1
Upgraded
--------
Number of APs: 4
AP Name Radio MAC Iteration Status Site
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AP3800 1880.9021.e0e0 0 Joined Member default-site-tag
3800-2 1880.9021.e280 1 Joined Member default-site-tag
9130-1 04eb.409f.9760 2 Joined Member default-site-tag
4800-1 dc8c.3746.b0e0 3 Joined Member default-site-tag
In Progress
-----------
Number of APs: 1
AP Name Radio MAC
-------------------------------------------------
3702I-2 fc5b.39f1.c7e0
Remaining
---------
Number of APs: 0
AP Name Radio MAC
-------------------------------------------------
APs not handled by Rolling AP Upgrade
-------------------------------------
AP Name Radio MAC Status Reason for not handling by Rolling AP Upgrade
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
在目的地WLC上
9800-L#show ap upgrade
AP upgrade is in progress
Fallback type: Fallback only
From version: 16.12.2.132
To version: 17.1.1.29
Started at: 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC
Configured percentage: N/A
Percentage complete: 80
Expected time of completion: 04/13/2020 03:52:09 UTC
Progress Report
---------------
Iterations
----------
Iteration Start time End time AP count
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC 1
1 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:38:09 UTC 1
2 04/13/2020 02:38:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:44:09 UTC 1
3 04/13/2020 02:44:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:47:09 UTC 1
4 04/13/2020 02:47:09 UTC ONGOING 0
Upgraded
--------
Number of APs: 4
AP Name Radio MAC Iteration Status Site
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AP3800 1880.9021.e0e0 0 Joined default-site-tag
3800-2 1880.9021.e280 1 Joined default-site-tag
9130-1 04eb.409f.9760 2 Joined default-site-tag
4800-1 dc8c.3746.b0e0 3 Joined default-site-tag
In Progress
-----------
Number of APs: 1
AP Name Radio MAC
-------------------------------------------------
3702I-2 fc5b.39f1.c7e0
Remaining
---------
Number of APs: 0
AP Name Radio MAC
-------------------------------------------------
APs not handled by Rolling AP Upgrade
-------------------------------------
AP Name Radio MAC Status Reason for not handling by Rolling AP Upgrade
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9800-L#show ap upgrade summary
Report Name Start time
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AP_upgrade_from_9800-40_13320202329 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC
9800-L#show ap upgrade name AP_upgrade_from_9800-40_13320202329
AP upgrade is in progress
Fallback type: Fallback only
From version: 16.12.2.132
To version: 17.1.1.29
Started at: 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC
Configured percentage: N/A
Percentage complete: 60
Expected time of completion: 04/13/2020 03:52:09 UTC
Progress Report
---------------
Iterations
----------
Iteration Start time End time AP count
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC 1
1 04/13/2020 02:32:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:38:09 UTC 1
2 04/13/2020 02:38:09 UTC 04/13/2020 02:44:09 UTC 1
3 04/13/2020 02:44:09 UTC ONGOING 0
Upgraded
--------
Number of APs: 3
AP Name Radio MAC Iteration Status Site
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AP3800 1880.9021.e0e0 0 Joined default-site-tag
3800-2 1880.9021.e280 1 Joined default-site-tag
9130-1 04eb.409f.9760 2 Joined default-site-tag
In Progress
-----------
Number of APs: 1
AP Name Radio MAC
-------------------------------------------------
4800-1 dc8c.3746.b0e0
Remaining
---------
Number of APs: 0
AP Name Radio MAC
-------------------------------------------------
APs not handled by Rolling AP Upgrade
-------------------------------------
AP Name Radio MAC Status Reason for not handling by Rolling AP Upgrade
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------