簡介
此配置示例描述如何在 Catalyst 9800系列無線控制器(9800 WLC)(通過圖形使用者介面(GUI))。
必要條件
需求
思科建議您瞭解以下主題:
採用元件
本文中的資訊係根據以下軟體和硬體版本:
- Catalyst 9800系列無線控制器,IOS-XE版本16.11.1b
- Aironet 3700系列存取點
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何組態可能造成的影響。
設定
網路圖表
此示例基於本地模式AP集中交換流量。支援FlexConnect本機交換,但那裡的流量會有所不同,因為多點傳送不會通過WLC,而AP是執行大部分工作的路由器。
流量
- 客戶端(組播接收器)連線到服務集識別符號(SSID):videoStream
- 客戶端傳送IGMP加入資料包以請求IP地址239.15.16.17上的影片
- WLC建立L3 MGID並將IGMP加入轉發到有線網路
- 路由器將開始將來自組播源(10.88.173.135)的流量轉發到WLC,VLAN 210和VLAN 2631之間需要組播路由
- WLC知道無線客戶端通過MGID請求此流量,並封裝該流量以使用IP地址239.1.2.3 - AP組播組將其傳送到AP
- AP接收資料包並將組播流量單播到無線客戶端
配置組播
導航至:Configuration > Services > Multicast
運行下一個命令以驗證CLI配置。
9800-40-1#sh run all | sec wireless multicast|igmp snooping
.
.
ip igmp snooping querier
ip igmp snooping
.
.
wireless multicast
wireless multicast 239.1.2.3
在此範例中,使用多點傳送模式。在此模式中,WLC僅將一個封包傳送到已設定的多點傳送群組(在本案例中為239.1.2.3),因此只有對此流量有興趣的存取點(AP)可以偵聽。有關可設定模式的詳細資訊,請參閱此9800系列無線控制器軟體組態設定指南。
註:需要全域性啟用和每個VLAN的IGMP監聽,以便WLC可以監聽無線客戶端的IGMP消息。
IGMP窺探查詢器幫助更新WLC表。驗證特定組播組是否存在任何客戶端非常有用。
應用更改。
媒體流配置
步驟 1.全域性啟用媒體流:Configuration > Wireless > Media Stream > Tab "General"
步驟 2.定義媒體流:Configuration > Wireless > Media Stream > Tab "Streams"
步驟 3.輸入流資訊,如下圖所示:
運行下一個命令以驗證CLI配置。
9800-40-1#sh run | sec media
.
wireless media-stream group movie 239.15.16.17 239.15.16.17
max-bandwidth 5000
wireless media-stream multicast-direct
.
.
流資訊
- 名稱:使用任意字串引用您的組播流量
- Multicast Destination Start/End:定義客戶端可以訪問以流式傳輸影片的組播組範圍。在這種情況下,僅使用一個IP地址。
- 最大預期頻寬:影片頻寬,以Kbps配置。範圍從0到35000 Kbps
無線電保留控制(RRC)
它是WLC和AP使用的一種決策演算法,用於評估AP是否擁有足夠的資源來支援對影片流的新請求。
- 平均資料包大小:範圍為0到1500位元組
- 策略:選擇admit,以便在RRC接受流請求的情況下,可以流式傳輸影片。
- 優先順序:為無線資料包選擇QoS Up標籤
- QoS:選擇在AP傳輸影片包時放置影片包的隊列。
- 違規:如果RRC拒絕,請求流可能會被丟棄或回退到盡力而為隊列。
配置頻帶媒體流
在本示例中,媒體流配置為5GHz頻段,2.4GHz頻段的步驟相同。
步驟 1.禁用5 Ghz頻段:Configuration > Radio Configurations > Network > Tab 5 Ghz Band
步驟 2.配置頻帶介質引數:Configuration > Radio Configurations > Media Parameters > Tab 5 Ghz Band
運行下一個命令以驗證CLI配置。
9800-40-1#sh run all | i 5ghz media|cac media
.
.
ap dot11 5ghz cac media-stream acm
ap dot11 5ghz cac media-stream max-bandwidth 80
ap dot11 5ghz cac media-stream multicast-direct max-retry-percent 80
ap dot11 5ghz cac media-stream multicast-direct min-client-rate 6
ap dot11 5ghz media-stream multicast-direct
ap dot11 5ghz media-stream multicast-direct admission-besteffort
ap dot11 5ghz media-stream multicast-direct client-maximum 0
ap dot11 5ghz media-stream multicast-direct radio-maximum 0
ap dot11 5ghz media-stream video-redirect
注意:媒體流准入控制和盡力而為QoS准入是可選配置
一般
多點傳送直接存取控制
- 媒體流准入控制 — 我們為媒體=語音+影片啟用CAC。
媒體流 — 組播直接引數
- Multicast Direct Enable:您必須啟用此覈取方塊
- 每無線電最大流:限制AP無線電上允許的影片流數,在本例中為5Ghz無線電上。
- 每個客戶端的最大流數:限制每個無線客戶端允許的影片流數。
- 盡力而為QoS允許:允許將影片流量回退到盡力而為隊列。
步驟 3.啟用5 Ghz頻段:Configuration > Radio Configurations > Network > Tab 5 Ghz Band
配置客戶端VLAN
建立用於客戶端的VLAN並啟用IGMP監聽。導覽至Configuration > Layer 2 > VLAN
運行下一個命令以驗證CLI配置。
9800-40-1#sh run | sec 2631
vlan 2631
name rafa-mgmt
WLAN配置
在本示例中,使用開放式身份驗證SSID,僅在5GHz頻段上廣播。請遵循以下步驟。
導航至:Configuration > Tags & Profiles > WLANs > Click on Add
運行下一個命令以驗證CLI配置。
9800-40-1#sh run | sec videoStream
wlan videoStream 4 videoStream
media-stream multicast-direct
radio dot11a
no security wpa
no security wpa akm dot1x
no security wpa wpa2 ciphers aes
no shutdown
原則設定檔組態
步驟 1.建立策略配置檔案。Configuration > Tag & Profiles > Policy
步驟 2.將VLAN對映到策略配置檔案
運行下一個命令以驗證CLI配置。
9800-40-1#sh run | sec PP-stream
wireless profile policy PP-stream
vlan rafa-mgmt
no shutdown
建立策略標籤
將WLAN對映到策略配置檔案,導航到配置>標籤和配置檔案>標籤
運行下一個命令以驗證CLI配置。
9800-40-1#sh run | sec PT-mcast
wireless tag policy PT-mcast
wlan videoStream policy PP-mcast
policy-tag PT-mcast
將策略標籤應用於AP
導航到Configuration > Wireless > Access Point >按一下AP
運行下一個命令以驗證配置。
9800-40-1#show ap tag summary
Number of APs: 2
AP Name AP Mac Site Tag Name Policy Tag Name RF Tag Name
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AP-3702i-Rafi f07f.06e2.7db4 default-site-tag PT-mcast default-rf-tag
此時,您可以看到廣播的SSID,並且可以連線無線客戶端以接收影片流。
驗證
用於檢查配置的命令
9800-40-1#show wireless media-stream multicast-direct state
Multicast-direct State........................... : enabled
Allowed WLANs:
WLAN-Name WLAN-ID
----------------------------------------------------------
emcast 3
videoStream 4
9800-40-1#show wireless media-stream group summary
Number of Groups:: 1
Stream Name Start IP End IP Status
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
movie 239.15.16.17 239.15.16.17 Enabled
9800-40-1#show wireless media-stream group detail movie
Media Stream Name : movie
Start IP Address : 239.15.16.17
End IP Address : 239.15.16.17
RRC Parameters:
Avg Packet Size(Bytes) : 1200
Expected Bandwidth(Kbps) : 5000
Policy : Admitted
RRC re-evaluation : Initial
QoS : video
Status : Multicast-direct
Usage Priority : 4
Violation : Drop
9800-40-1#show ap dot11 5ghz media-stream rrc
Multicast-direct : Enabled
Best Effort : Enabled
Video Re-Direct : Enabled
Max Allowed Streams Per Radio : Auto
Max Allowed Streams Per Client : Auto
Max Media-Stream Bandwidth : 80
Max Voice Bandwidth : 75
Max Media Bandwidth : 85
Min PHY Rate (Kbps) : 6000
Max Retry Percentage : 80
用於驗證客戶端影片流的命令
驗證客戶端連線:Monitoring > Wireless > Clients
9800-40-1#show wireless client summary
Number of Local Clients: 1
MAC Address AP Name Type ID State Protocol Method Role
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
886b.6e25.1e40 AP-3700i-Rafi WLAN 4 Run 11ac None Local
為了獲得更多細節
9800-40-1#show wireless client mac-address aaaa.bbbb.cccc detail
要驗證從客戶端收到IGMP加入消息並且WLC正確建立MGID,請導航到Monitor > General > Multicast > Layer 3上面顯示,客戶端已請求VLAN 2631上的組播組239.15.16.17的流量。
使用已配置的選項驗證WLC影片流。 Monitor > General > Multicast > Media Stream Clients
9800-40-1#show wireless multicast group 239.15.16.17 vlan 2631
Group : 239.15.16.17
Vlan : 2631
MGID : 4160
Client List
-------------
Client MAC Client IP Status
---------------------------------------------------------------
886b.6e25.1e40 172.16.30.64 MC2UC_ALLOWED
疑難排解
為了排查問題,您可以使用以下追蹤軌跡。
set platform software trace wncd chassis active R0 multicast-api debug
set platform software trace wncd chassis active R0 multicast-config debug
set platform software trace wncd chassis active R0 multicast-db debug
set platform software trace wncd chassis active R0 multicast-ipc debug
set platform software trace wncd chassis active R0 multicast-main debug
set platform software trace wncd chassis active R0 multicast-rrc debug
您可以使用下一命令驗證跟蹤是否正確啟用。
9800# show platform software trace level wncd chassis active R0 | i Debug
multicast-api Debug
multicast-config Debug
multicast-db Debug
multicast-ipc Debug
multicast-main Debug
multicast-rrc Debug
現在,重現問題
- 連線無線客戶端
- 請求視訊(多點傳送流量)
- 等待問題發生
- 收集日誌
以便收集日誌。執行,運行下一個命令。
9800#show logging process wncd internal to-file bootflash:<file-name>.log
Displaying logs from the last 0 days, 0 hours, 10 minutes, 0 seconds
executing cmd on chassis 1 ...
Files being merged in the background, result will be in bootflash:mcast-1.log log file.
Collecting files on current[1] chassis.
# of files collected = 1
btrace decoder: [1] number of files, [40999] number of messages
will be processed. Use CTRL+SHIFT+6 to break.
2019-11-28 20:25:50.189 - btrace decoder processed 7%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.227 - btrace decoder processed 12%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.263 - btrace decoder processed 17%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.306 - btrace decoder processed 24%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.334 - btrace decoder processed 29%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.360 - btrace decoder processed 34%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.388 - btrace decoder processed 39%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.430 - btrace decoder processed 46%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.457 - btrace decoder processed 51%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.484 - btrace decoder processed 56%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.536 - btrace decoder processed 63%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.569 - btrace decoder processed 68%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.586 - btrace decoder processed 73%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.587 - btrace decoder processed 78%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.601 - btrace decoder processed 85%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.607 - btrace decoder processed 90%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.619 - btrace decoder processed 95%
2019-11-28 20:25:50.750 - btrace decoder processed 100%
9800#
開啟日誌檔案
9800#more bootflash:<file-name.log>
AP/WLC中允許的影片流
IGMP request from wireless client
2019/11/28 20:18:54.867 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-ipc] [19375]: (debug): IOSD IGMP/MLD has sent the WNCD_INFORM_CLIENT with
capwap id = 0x90000006
num_entry = 1
2019/11/28 20:18:54.867 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-ipc] [19375]: (debug): Source IP Address 0.0.0.0
2019/11/28 20:18:54.867 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-ipc] [19375]: (debug): Group IP Address 17.16.15.239
2019/11/28 20:18:54.867 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-ipc] [19375]: (debug): Client IP Address 71.30.16.172
2019/11/28 20:18:54.867 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-ipc] [19375]: (debug): index = 0:
source = 0.0.0.0
group = 17.16.15.239 . >>> 239.15.16.17 multicast group for video
client_ip = 71.30.16.172 >>> 172.16.30.71 client ip address
client_MAC = a4f1.e858.950a
vlan = 2631, mgid = 4160 add = 1
.....
MGID table updated with client mac address
2019/11/28 20:18:54.867 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-db] [19375]: (debug): Child table records for MGID 4160 are
2019/11/28 20:18:54.867 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-db] [19375]: (debug): Client MAC: a4f1.e858.950a
....
Starting RRC algoithm to assess whether AP has enough resources or not
2019/11/28 20:18:54.867 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-rrc] [19375]: (debug): Submiting RRC request
2019/11/28 20:18:54.869 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-rrc] [19375]: (debug): Video Stream Admitted: passed all the checks
2019/11/28 20:18:54.869 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-rrc] [19375]: (debug): Approve Admission on radio f07f.06ec.6b40 request 3664 vlan 2631 dest_ip 17.16.15.239 decision 1 qos 4 admit_best 1
.....
WLC matching requested group to the ones defined on WLC
2019/11/28 20:18:54.869 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-db] [19375]: (debug): Matching video-stream group found Start IP: 17.16.15.239, End IP: 17.16.15.239 that contains the target group IP address 17.16.15.239
.....
Adding client to multicast direct
2019/11/28 20:18:54.869 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-db] [19375]: (debug): Add rrc Stream Record for dest 17.16.15.239, client a4f1.e858.950a
AP/WLC中不允許影片流,因此AP在盡力隊列上傳送組播流量。
在這種情況下,允許無線客戶端執行影片流傳輸,但AP沒有足夠的資源來允許具有影片QoS的流量,因此AP會將客戶端移動到盡力隊列。檢視下一張圖片
從調試
Starting RRC algoithm to assess whether AP has enough resources or not
.....
2019/11/28 17:47:40.601 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-rrc] [19375]: (debug): Submiting RRC request
2019/11/28 17:47:40.603 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-rrc] [19375]: (debug): RRC Video BW Check Failed: Insufficient Video BW for AP
2019/11/28 17:47:40.603 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-rrc] [19375]: (debug): Video Stream Rejected. Bandwdith constraint......
2019/11/28 17:47:40.603 {wncd_x_R0-0}{1}: [multicast-rrc] [19375]: (debug): Approve Admission on radio f07f.06ec.6b40 request 3626 vlan 2631 dest_ip 17.16.15.239 decision 0 qos 0 admit_best 1
....