簡介
本文描述當客戶端裝置(CPE)嘗試重新建立無線承載時,意外分配的IP更改。
必要條件
需求
思科建議您瞭解以下主題:
- 長期演化(LTE)
- 一般封包無線服務(GPRS)
- 地面無線電存取網路(E-UTRAN)
採用元件
本文件所述內容不限於特定軟體和硬體版本。
本文中的資訊是根據特定實驗室環境內的裝置所建立。文中使用到的所有裝置皆從已清除(預設)的組態來啟動。如果您的網路運作中,請確保您瞭解任何指令可能造成的影響。
背景資訊
在這種情況下,CPE是為提供固定LTE(家庭寬頻)服務而部署的資料機。但是,本文中描述的資訊和場景也適用於行動電話。
問題
每次CPE嘗試重新建立無線電承載時,MME都會傳送一個建立會話請求,該請求的EPS承載標識(EBI)與之前建立的不同。這會導致PGW分配的CPE IP發生更改。
執行的分析
已分析呼叫流
1.圍繞UEContextReleaseRequest,一旦釋放特定CPE的MME和eNodeB之間的信令連線,MME將刪除任何與eNodeB相關的資訊(用於S1-MME的eNodeB地址、MME UE S1 AP ID和eNB UE S1AP ID)。但是,保留其餘的CPE MME上下文;包括S-GW S1-U配置資訊(地址和TEID)。
Frame 74 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.30.50.36 10.125.230.100 S1AP UEContextReleaseRequest [RadioNetwork-cause=user-inactivity]
Frame 75 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 Release Access Bearers Request
Frame 77 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.125.231.105 10.125.231.104 GTPv2 Release Access Bearers Response
Frame 79 2022-05-31 08:48:14.867 10.125.230.100 10.30.50.36 S1AP UEContextReleaseCommand [RadioNetwork-cause=user-inactivity]
目前,基於3GPP TS 23.401、5.3.5 S1的發行程式:
-
All non-GBR EPS bearers established for the UE are preserved in the MME and in the Serving GW
-
If the cause of the S1 release is because of User Inactivity, Inter-RAT Redirection, the MME shall preserve the GBR bearers.
這兩種陳述都表示CPE仍然具有已建立的PDN連線並在網路中註冊(預設承載仍然在MME、SGW和PGW中;僅釋放了無線電資源)。由於CPE仍在網路中註冊,但其S1連線因不活動而被釋放,因此CPE沒有可用的無線電資源。這意味著CPE處於EMM註冊,但ECM-IDLE狀態。
2.基於3GPP TS 23.401,當處於EMM註冊和ECM-IDLE狀態的CPE有要傳送的新流量但沒有可用的無線電資源時,它必須傳送服務請求過程。通過傳送服務請求消息,S1連線已重新建立,但PGW分配的EBI和IP未修改。
3GPP TS 23.401 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access
ECM-IDLE
[…]
In the EMM-REGISTERED and ECM-IDLE state, the UE shall:
- answer to paging from the MME by performing a service request procedure.
[…]
- perform the service request procedure in order to establish the radio bearers when uplink user data is to be sent.
從3GPP TS 23.401提取
在這種情況下,當CPE需要再次建立無線電承載時,它會傳送附加請求而不是服務請求消息:
Frame 74 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.30.50.36 10.125.230.100 S1AP UEContextReleaseRequest [RadioNetwork-cause=user-inactivity]
Frame 75 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 Release Access Bearers Request
Frame 77 2022-05-31 08:48:14.866 10.125.231.105 10.125.231.104 GTPv2 Release Access Bearers Response
Frame 79 2022-05-31 08:48:14.867 10.125.230.100 10.30.50.36 S1AP UEContextReleaseCommand [RadioNetwork-cause=user-inactivity]
Frame 80 2022-05-31 08:48:21.813 10.30.50.36 10.125.230.100 S1AP/NAS-EPS InitialUEMessage, Attach request, PDN connectivity request
3.考慮說明E-UTRAN初始連線的3GPP TS 23.401:
從3GPP TS 23.401提取
E-UTRAN Initial Attach
[…]
7. If there are active bearer contexts in the new MME for this particular UE (i.e. the UE re-attaches to the same MME without having properly detached before), the new MME deletes these bearer contexts by sending Delete Session Request (LBI) messages to the GWs involved.
The GWs acknowledge with Delete Session Response (Cause) message. If a PCRF is deployed, the PDN GW employs an IP-CAN Session Termination procedure to indicate that resources have been released.
由於MME從eNB收到意外的Attach Request,它通過向相關SGW和PGW傳送Delete Session Request消息刪除先前建立的預設承載(在第74幀中的UEContextReleaseRequest期間,僅釋放無線電資源,在此之後仍建立PDN連線)。GW通過刪除會話響應消息確認:
Frame 87 2022-05-31 08:48:22.108 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 EBI=10 Delete Session Request
Frame 89 2022-05-31 08:48:22.108 10.125.232.106 10.125.232.107 GTPv2 EBI=10 Delete Session Request
Frame 91 2022-05-31 08:48:22.109 10.125.232.107 10.125.232.106 GTPv2 Delete Session Response
Frame 93 2022-05-31 08:48:22.110 10.125.231.105 10.125.231.104 GTPv2 Delete Session Response
4.根據E-UTRAN初始連線過程,在處理刪除會話請求/響應後,MME向SGW傳送建立會話請求,分配新的EBI,PGW為此新的EBI為CPE分配不同的IP:
Frame 87 2022-05-31 08:48:22.108 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 EBI=10 Delete Session Request
Frame 89 2022-05-31 08:48:22.108 10.125.232.106 10.125.232.107 GTPv2 EBI=10 Delete Session Request
Frame 91 2022-05-31 08:48:22.109 10.125.232.107 10.125.232.106 GTPv2 Delete Session Response
Frame 93 2022-05-31 08:48:22.110 10.125.231.105 10.125.231.104 GTPv2 Delete Session Response
Frame 95 2022-05-31 08:48:22.112 10.125.231.104 10.125.231.105 GTPv2 EBI=9 Create Session Request
Frame 97 2022-05-31 08:48:22.114 10.125.232.106 10.125.232.107 GTPv2 EBI=9 Create Session Request
Frame 100 2022-05-31 13:48:22.121 10.125.232.107 10.125.232.106 GTPv2 EBI=9 Create Session Response/Create Bearer Request
PDN Address and Prefix(IPv4): 10.62.135.145
解決方案
CPE的行為不符合3GPP標準。由於eNB由於使用者不活動而啟動S1釋放過程,因此CPE嘗試重新建立無線電承載時,必須傳送服務請求消息。但是,CPE傳送的是附加請求。
當UE連線到PDN時建立預設承載,並在PDN連線的整個生存期內保持該預設承載,以向UE提供到該PDN的始終線上連線。當CPE傳送新的附加請求時,MME通過傳送刪除會話請求而符合3GPP TS 23.401規範,該規範終止了PDN連線;因此,EBI=10的預設承載將被刪除。當MME傳送新的Create Session Request時,可以使用與之前分配的不同EBI和IP(例如,EBI=9和IP 10.62.135.145)來分配新的預設承載。