MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion

The MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion feature provides a means to exclude a link or node from the path for a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) TE label switched path (LSP).

The feature is enabled through the ip explicit-path command that allows you to create an IP explicit path and enter a configuration submode for specifying the path. The feature adds to the submode commands the exclude-address command for specifying addresses to exclude from the path.

If the excluded address for an MPLS TE LSP identifies a flooded link, the constraint-based shortest path first (CSPF) routing algorithm does not consider that link when computing paths for the LSP. If the excluded address specifies a flooded MPLS TE router ID, the CSPF routing algorithm does not allow paths for the LSP to traverse the node identified by the router ID.

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest caveats and feature information, see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the feature information table.

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Prerequisites for MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion

Your network must support the following Cisco IOS XE features in order to support IP explicit address exclusion:

  • MPLS

  • IP Cisco Express Forwarding

  • Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) or Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

Restrictions for MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion

MPLS TE will accept an IP explicit path comprised of either all excluded addresses configured by the exclude-address command or all included addresses configured by the next-addresscommand, but not a combination of both.

Information About MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion

MPLS Traffic Engineering

MPLS is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)-specified framework that provides for the efficient designation, routing, forwarding, and switching of traffic flows through the network.MPLS is a method that forwards IP traffic using a label. This label instructs the routers and the switches in the network where to forward the packets based on preestablished IP routing information.

Traffic engineering (TE) is the process of adjusting bandwidth allocations to ensure that enough is left for high-priority traffic.

In MPLS TE, the upstream router creates a network tunnel for a particular traffic stream, then fixes the bandwidth available for that tunnel.

Cisco Express Forwarding

Cisco Express Forwarding is an advanced, Layer 3 switching technology inside a router. It defines the fastest method by which a Cisco router forwards packets from ingress to egress interfaces. The ip cef command enables Cisco Express Forwarding globally, and the ip route-cache cefcommand enables Cisco Express Forwarding on an interface.

How to Configure MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion

Configuring IP Explicit Address Exclusion

SUMMARY STEPS

    1.    enable

    2.    configure terminal

    3.    ip explicit-path {name path-name | identifier number} [enable | disable]

    4.    exclude-address ip-address

    5.    exit

    6.    exit

    7.    show ip explicit-path


DETAILED STEPS
     Command or ActionPurpose
    Step 1 enable


    Example:
    Router> enable
     

    Enables privileged EXEC mode.

    • Enter your password if prompted.

     
    Step 2 configure terminal


    Example:
    Router# configure terminal
     

    Enters global configuration mode.

     
    Step 3 ip explicit-path {name path-name | identifier number} [enable | disable]


    Example:
    Router(config)# ip explicit-path name OmitR12
     

    Specifies the name or number of the explicit path, and enables the path, and enters explicit-path configuration mode.

     
    Step 4 exclude-address ip-address


    Example:
    Router(cfg-ip-expl-path)# exclude-address 10.12.12.12
     

    Excludes the specified link or node from consideration by the constraint-based SPF.

    • The ip-address is a link address or the router ID for a node.

     
    Step 5 exit


    Example:
    Router(cfg-ip-expl-path)# exit
     

    Exits from explicit-path configuration mode, and returns to global configuration mode.

     
    Step 6 exit


    Example:
    Router(config)# exit
     

    Exits from global configuration mode, and returns to privileged EXEC mode.

     
    Step 7 show ip explicit-path


    Example:
    Router# show ip explicit-path
     

    Displays information about configured IP explicit paths.

     

    Configuring an MPLS Traffic Engineering Tunnel

    SUMMARY STEPS

      1.    enable

      2.    configure terminal

      3.    interface tunnel number

      4.    ip unnumbered loopback0

      5.    tunnel destination ip-address

      6.    tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng

      7.    tunnel mpls traffic-eng bandwidth bandwidth

      8.    tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option number {dynamic | explicit {name path-name | ID path-number}} [lockdown]

      9.    exit

      10.    exit

      11.    show mpls traffic eng tunnels


    DETAILED STEPS
       Command or ActionPurpose
      Step 1 enable


      Example:
      Router> enable
       

      Enables privileged EXEC mode.

      • Enter your password if prompted.

       
      Step 2 configure terminal


      Example:
      Router# configure terminal
       

      Enters global configuration mode.

       
      Step 3 interface tunnel number


      Example:
      Router(config)# interface tunnel11
       

      Configures an interface type and enters interface configuration mode.

       
      Step 4 ip unnumbered loopback0


      Example:
      Router(config-if)# ip unnumbered loopback0
       

      Assigns the tunnel interface an IP address.

      • An MPLS traffic engineering tunnel interface should be unnumbered because it represents a unidirectional link.

       
      Step 5 tunnel destination ip-address


      Example:
      Router(config-if)# tunnel destination 10.11.11.11
       

      Specifies the destination for a tunnel.

      • The destination of the tunnel must be the MPLS traffic engineering router ID of the destination device.

       
      Step 6 tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng


      Example:
      Router(config-if)# tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng
       

      Sets the tunnel encapsulation mode to MPLS traffic engineering.

       
      Step 7 tunnel mpls traffic-eng bandwidth bandwidth


      Example:
      Router(config-if)# tunnel mpls traffic-eng bandwidth 100
       

      Configures the bandwidth for the MPLS traffic engineering tunnel.

       
      Step 8 tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option number {dynamic | explicit {name path-name | ID path-number}} [lockdown]


      Example:
      Router(config-if)# tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 2 dynamic
       

      Configures the tunnel to use a named IP explicit path or a path dynamically calculated from the traffic engineering topology database.

      • A dynamic path is used if an explicit path is unavailable.

      Note   

      To configure a path option that specifies an exclude address, specify the explicit keyword (not the dynamic keyword) and specify an IP explicit path configured according to the steps in the “Configuring IP Explicit Address Exclusion” section.

       
      Step 9 exit


      Example:
      Router(config-if)# exit
       

      Exits from interface configuration mode.

       
      Step 10 exit


      Example:
      Router(config)# exit
       

      Exits to privileged EXEC mode.

       
      Step 11 show mpls traffic eng tunnels


      Example:
      Router# show mpls traffic eng tunnels
       

      Shows information about tunnels, including the current tunnel path if a tunnel is operational.

      • By viewing the command output, you can determine the path that was used to build a tunnel. If you entered the exclude-address command, the specified link or node should not be listed.

       

      Configuration Examples for MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion

      Example Configuring IP Explicit Address Exclusion

      The following example shows how to configure an MPLS TE tunnel with two path options: a preferred explicit path with an excluded address and a backup dynamic path.

      Configure the IP explicit path named OmitR12, which excludes the router with router ID 10.12.12.12: 

      ip explicit-path name OmitR12 
exclude-address 10.12.12.12 
   Explicit Path name OmitR12: 
   1: exclude-address 10.12.12.12 
exit

      To verify the configuration of the explicit path, use the show ip explicit-path command. 

      show ip explicit-paths name OmitR12 
PATH OmitR12 (loose source route, path complete, generation 3)
 1: exclude-address 10.12.12.12

      Note

      You must know the router IDs for LSRs (nodes) in the network; in this example, that 10.12.12.12 is a router ID. Otherwise, it will not be apparent whether the specified address is the IP address of a link or a router ID.

      Example Configuring an MPLS Traffic Engineering Tunnel

      The following example configures Tunnel11 with its two options, where the preferred path option is the IP explicit path OmitR2: 

      interface tunnel11
ip unnumbered loopback0
tunnel destination 10.11.11.11
tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 1 explicit name OmitR12
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 2 dynamic

      Note

      There are additional commands for configuring properties for TE tunnels such as bandwidth and priority. For descriptions of those commands, refer to the Cisco IOS Multiprotocol Label Switching Command Reference.

      Additional References

      Related Documents

      Related Topic

      Document Title

      Cisco IOS commands

      Cisco IOS Master Commands List, All Releases

      MPLS commands

      Cisco IOS Multiprotocol Label Switching Command Reference

      MPLS configuration information

      Cisco IOS XE Multiprotocol Label Switching Configuration Guide

      Standards

      Standard

      Title

      No new or modified standards are supported by this feature, and support for existing standards has not been modified by this feature.

      --

      MIBs

      MIB

      MIBs Link

      No new or modified MIBs are supported by this feature, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified by this feature.

      To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco software releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL:

      http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​go/​mibs

      RFCs

      RFC

      Title

      No new or modified RFCs are supported by this feature, and support for existing RFCs has not been modified by this feature.

      --

      Technical Assistance

      Description

      Link

      The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.

      http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​cisco/​web/​support/​index.html

      Feature Information for MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion

      The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.

      Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/​go/​cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
      Table 1 Feature Information for MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion

      Feature Name

      Releases

      Feature Configuration Information

      MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion

      Cisco IOS XE Release 2.3

      The MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE)--IP Explicit Address Exclusion feature provides a means to exclude a link or node from the path for Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) TE label switched path (LSP).

      This feature was integrated into Cisco IOS XE Release 2.3.

      The following command was introduced by this feature: exclude-address.

      Glossary

      Cisco Express Forwarding --A means for accelerating the forwarding of packets within a router, by storing route lookup information in several data structures instead of in a route cache.

      IP explicit path --A list of IP addresses, each representing a node or link in the explicit path.

      link --Network communications channel consisting of a circuit or transmission path and all related equipment between a sender and a receiver. Sometimes referred to as a line or a transmission link.

      MPLS --Multiprotocol Label Switching. Switching method that forwards IP traffic using a label. This label instructs the routers and the switches in the network where to forward the packets based on preestablished IP routing information.

      node --Endpoint of a network connection or a junction common to two or more lines in a network. Nodes can be interconnected by links, and serve as control points in the network.