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Updated:February 7, 2007
Document ID:1518933041736392
Bias-Free Language
The documentation set for this product strives to use bias-free language. For the purposes of this documentation set, bias-free is defined as language that does not imply discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality. Exceptions may be present in the documentation due to language that is hardcoded in the user interfaces of the product software, language used based on RFP documentation, or language that is used by a referenced third-party product. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language.
The Cisco® I-Flex design combines shared port adapters (SPAs) and SPA interface processors (SIPs), using an extensible design that enables service prioritization for voice, video, and data services. Enterprise and service provider customers can use the improved slot economics resulting from modular port adapters that are interchangeable across Cisco routing platforms. The I-Flex design maximizes connectivity options and offers superior service intelligence through programmable interface processors, which deliver line-rate performance. I-Flex enhances speed-to-service revenue and provides a rich set of quality-of-service (QoS) features for premium service delivery while effectively reducing the overall cost of ownership. This data sheet contains the specifications for the Cisco 1-Port Channelized OC-3/STM-1 circuit emulation over packet and ATM SPAs (refer to Figure 1).
The Cisco 1-port Channelized OC3/STM-1 circuit emulation over packet and ATM SPA is available on high-end Cisco routing platforms offering the benefits of network scalability with lower initial costs and ease of upgrades. The Cisco SPA/SIP portfolio continues the Cisco focus on investment protection along with consistent feature support, broad interface availability, and the latest technology. The Cisco SPA/SIP portfolio allows different interfaces (Packet over SONET/SDH [POS], ATM, Ethernet, and so on) to be deployed on the same interface processor.
The Circuit Emulation over Packet (CEoP) SPAs provide a new service offering. These SPAs provide bit-transparent data transport that is completely protocol independent.
For the first time, this allows network administrators to use their existing IP/MPLS network to provide leased-line emulation services or to carry data streams or protocols that do not meet the format requirements of other multiservice platform interfaces. In addition, these SPAs can be used for low-speed ATM services, including Inverse Multiplexing over ATM (IMA).
CEM Applications
The SPAs are the first Cisco router interfaces designed to meet the emerging standards for Circuit Emulation Services over Packet Switched Network (CESoPSN) and Structure-Agnostic Transport over Packet (SAToP) transport.
In SAToP mode these SPAs do not assume that data has any predefined format or structure. They simply regard the data as an arbitrary bit stream. All data bits are simply transported to a defined destination encapsulated in IP/MPLS packets. In CESoPSN mode the carrier has defined format. The SPAs support a full range of E1 and T1 framing. CESoPSN applications can save utilized bandwidth by selecting only valid timeslots for transmission. Some primary applications (Figure 2) include:
• Transporting 2G and 3G network traffic over packet networks, for mobile operators. Mobile service providers are implementing high-speed data networks with HSDPA to support new revenue-generating services. The SPA is uniquely positioned for multigenerational migration of mobile networks (2G and 3G), simultaneously carrying TDM and ATM traffic over IP/MPLS networks. This technology provides a mechanism to enable IP/MPLS to the cell site, which can eventually be in place to transport the mobile traffic over IP from end to end.
• T1/E1 circuit emulation for leased-line replacement.
• PBX to PBX connectivity over PSN.
• High density SS7 backhaul over IP/MPLS.
• Inter-MSC connectivity.
• Preencrypted data for government, defense, or other high-security applications.
• Proprietary synchronous or asynchronous data protocols used in transportation, utilities, and other industries.
• Leased-line emulation service offerings in metropolitan (metro) Ethernet or WAN service provider environments.
Figure 2. Sample Scenario Illustrating Transport of TDM and ATM Traffic Using CESoPSN PWE and ATM PWE over MPLS Network
ATM Applications
Service Provider Infrastructures
The SPA can be deployed for ATM service, which provides high-performance interconnectivity, metro, and intra-POP applications between service provider POPs for IP/MPLS transport. It can also be deployed as customer premises equipment (CPE) to provide the data component to the service provider networks.
The ATM service allows service providers to effectively manage the bandwidth at the edges of the network while implementing value-added Layer 3 services. Advanced traffic management features (such as per-VC and per-VP traffic shaping) can also be used to help ensure that traffic from one customer does not affect traffic from another.
With advanced traffic shaping features and support for many ATM service classes, the SPA can be widely deployed in many parts of the service provider network. (See Figure 3.)
Figure 3. Sample Scenario Illustrating Transport ATM Traffic with ATM PWE over MPLS Network
Features at a Glance
• 1-port Channelized OC3/STM-1port per SPA
• Jitter and wander compliant to ITU G.823/824 traffic interface
• Compliant to IETF draft-ietf-pwe3-cesopsn-07.txt: Circuit Emulation Service over Packet Switched Network (CESoPSN)
• Compliant to IETF RFC 4553: Structure-Agnostic TDM over Packet (SAToP)
• Bit-transparent data transport
• Protocol-independent data transport
• Supports CEoP PWE (CESoPSN and SAToP) transport using Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP)
• QoS using MPLS EXP
• Configurable payload size
• Synchronous, differential, and adaptive clock recovery schemes, with clock accuracy target of 15ppb
• Configurable jitter buffer up to 320 milliseconds
• Configurable idle pattern
• Support for ATM traffic classes: UBR, UBR+, VBR-nrt, VBR-rt, CBR
• Support for ATM QoS: VC and VP shaping
• Support for ATM IMA
• Support for ATM PWE (VC and VP mode cell relay)
• Support for ATM UNI (3.0, 3.1)
• Online insertion and removal (OIR) supported on Cisco 7600 platforms
• Overall SPA status LEDs
• Per-port status LEDs
Additional Features of the SPA
• Unframed (unstructured) T1/E1 transport
• N x 64 kbps and N x 56 kbps framed T1 transport
• N x 64 kbps framed E1 transport
• Grooming of up to 84 (T1) or 63 (E1) separate data streams, each able to terminate on a separate network destination
• BITS support
• Configurable clock source
• T1/E1 line diagnostic loopbacks (local line, local payload, and network payload)
These SPAs provide completely bit-transparent, bidirectional, point-to-point data transport. Every bit presented to an ingress port is transported unchanged to the corresponding egress port by encapsulating the data bits into a PWE packet for transport across an IP/MPLS network. The data ports do not care about the structure or content of the data stream. Consequently, these SPAs are ideally suited to transport data streams that are not suited to be carried using other platform interfaces. Such data streams might include:
• Leased-line emulation services
• Encrypted data
• Data protocols that cannot easily be migrated to native IP, ATM, Frame Relay, HDLC, and so on
Data Integrity
Because these SPAs do not consider the content of any circuit emulation data stream, it is important to engineer the transport network in such a way as to minimize the risk of losing any data packets.
To help ensure that a data stream is delivered, without gaps, to the destination CPE, data packets are held in a dejitter buffer at the destination port to eliminate any delay variation (that is, jitter) experienced by successive packets traveling through the network. The dejitter buffer is user configurable up to 320 milliseconds (±160 milliseconds), depending upon the size of the payload and the type of PWE being configured (nxDS0 or T1/E1, and so on).
Flexibility in Delay vs. Overhead
These SPAs support a wide variety of payload sizes from 32 bytes (for very low-speed data streams) to 1312 bytes. This provides the user the ability to control the overall efficiency as well as the end-to-end delay of the system by controlling the packetization delay.
Clocking Flexibility
For circuit emulation services, In order to achieve bit-transparent circuit emulation without bit errors, it is imperative that both endpoints of the circuit use the same bit clock frequency. The network should be synchronized end to end for proper operation. Three options are available for achieving proper clocking and synchronization of network when deploying circuit emulation services over packet network. They are:
• Synchronous mode: In this option, a GPS or BITS clock source is available to be fed into the edge router to clock the packets for transmission. The clock is received, as input, from a line interface and is used by the router to transmit the TDM frames, received from the packet network to the final destination.
• Differential clocking mode: Often a GPS or a BITS clock source may not be available for service providers at every possible site, such as a remote cell site. However they may have a common clock source that is fed into all the elements of the network. In this scenario, the system will use the common clock source as well as observe the timestamps received from the CEoP PWE packets received from the packet network and calculate the differential to recover an accurate clock. This recovered clock reference is then used to transmit the TDM frames.
• Adaptive clocking mode: In some deployments, there is no common clock or a GPS/BITS source available at the remote site. The edge router has to completely rely on the incoming packet stream from IP/MPLS network to calculate the clocking reference. The clock accuracy, thus derived, should be of very high quality, compliant to the 3GPP mobile standards (accuracy of 15ppb or higher). This is called the adaptive clock recovery mode. The central office will be using a primary clock source reference and the receiving site will derive the clock based on the incoming CEoP PWE packets.
ATM Features
Some of the highlights of the ATM features supported on the SPA:
• Per-virtual circuit and per-virtual path traffic shaping: Traffic shaping is a function typically provided on ATM edge devices to help ensure that bursty traffic conforms to a predetermined "contract." To implement traffic shaping, the Cisco ATM SPAs support per-virtual circuit and per-virtual path shaping, allowing flexibility and control over every virtual circuit and virtual path configured.
• IP/MPLS-to-ATM QoS mapping: Also supported is IP-to-ATM QoS setting through cell-loss priority (CLP) bit support, which allows customers to divide traffic on different virtual circuits, depending on the desired CoS.
• PWE: MPLS is the primary technology for ATM/IP convergence, and all the Cisco ATM SPAs allow the transport of Layer 2 traffic across an MPLS network. ATM PWE allows a migration path toward the consolidation of IP and ATM networks while protecting existing equipment investment, and it accommodates the scaling of existing services using MPLS. All ATM operation, administration, and maintenance (OAM) functions are transported.
The Cisco SPA/SIP portfolio offers these additional advantages:
– Superior flexibility, providing mix and match of interface types on the same interface processor for consistent services, independent of access technology.
– Pioneering programmable interface processors that provide flexibility for the service diversity required in next-generation networks.
– Innovative design that provides intelligent delivery of services without compromising on performance.
• Increase speed to service revenue:
– The future-proof programmable Cisco architecture extended to 10 gigabits per second dramatically improves customer density, increasing potential revenue per platform.
– Interface breadth (copper, channelized, POS, ATM, and Ethernet) on a modular interface processor allows service providers to more quickly roll out new services, helping ensure all customers large and small receive consistent, secure, and guaranteed services.
– High-density SFP interfaces are featured for high-port-count applications with reach flexibility. Future optical technology improvements can be adopted using existing SPAs.
• Dramatically improve the financials of your routing purchase:
– Improved slot economics and increased density reduce capital expenditures (CapEx).
– The ability to easily add new interfaces as they are needed enables a "pay-as-you-grow" business model while still offering a high-density solution.
– SPAs are shared across multiple platforms and can be easily moved from one to another, providing consistent feature support, accelerated product delivery, and a significant reduction in operating expenses (OpEx) through common sparing as service needs change.
Product Specifications
Table 1 shows the hardware specifications for the CHOC3/STM-1 SPA.
Table 1. Hardware Specifications
Features
Descriptions
Product compatibility
Cisco 7600 Series Routers
Cisco ASR 1000 Series Router
Cisco ASR 9000 Series Router (CE only)
Port density per SPA
1-port ChOC3/STM-1
Physical interface (ChOC3)
OC-3c/STM-1 SFP optics module (refer to optical parameters in Table 2)
Visual status indicators (LEDs):
• SPA status LED
• Per-port LEDs
• Carrier and alarm
• Active and loopback
Protocols
Circuit Emulation:
• RFC 4553
• draft-ietf-pwe3-cesopsn-07.txt
ATM
• IETF RFC 2684 (updated RFC 1483) support for multiple protocol encapsulations over ATM
• IETF RFC 2364 and 2516 for Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) over ATM
• IETF RFC 1577 support for classical IP and Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) over ATM
• ATM Forum User-Network Interface (UNI) 3.0, 3.1, and 4.0
Features and Functions
Circuit Emulation
• MPLS encapsulation for CESoPSN and SAToP PWE transport
• 320 ms jitter buffer
• T3/E3, T1/E1 and nxDS0 CEoP PWEs
• Maximum of 84 T1s, 63 E1s or 575 nxDS0 groups
• Jitter and wander compliant to G.823/G.824 traffic interface
• Synchronous, differential or adaptive clock recovery modes
• Targets 15ppb or better adaptive clock recovery accuracy
• BITS support
• Configurable clock source
ATM
• CBR
• VBR-nrt
• VBR-rt
• UBR and UBR+
• Maximum virtual circuits: 2000 (subject to overall configuration limitations)
• ATM and IP CoS
• Per-virtual circuit and per-virtual path traffic shaping
• Per-virtual circuit and per-virtual path statistics
Table 2. Optical Specifications for the Cisco 1-port Channelized OC3/STM-1 CE-ATM SPA
SFP Optics
Maximum Distance
Multimode (MM)
Up to 0.25 mi (500m)
Single-mode (SM)
Up to 1.2 mi (2 km)
SM intermediate reach (IR-1)
Up to 9 mi (15 km)
SM long reach (LR-1)
Up to 25 mi (40 km)
SM extended reach (LR-2)
Up to 50 mi (80 km)
Power and Environmental Requirements
These SPAs, when installed in Cisco routers, do not change the power or environmental requirements and standards of the router platform itself. Refer to the platform-specific data sheets for more information.
Cisco 1-port Channelized OC3/STM-1 Circuit Emulation and ATM SPA
SPA-1CHOC3-CE-ATM
OC-3/STM-1, OC-3/STM-1 SFP, MM
SFP-OC3-MM
OC-3/STM-1, OC-3/STM-1 SFP, SM, SR
SFP-OC3-SR
OC-3/STM-1, OC-3/STM-1 SFP, SM, IR-1
SFP-OC3-IR1
OC-3/STM-1, OC-3/STM-1 SFP, SM, LR-1
SFP-OC3-LR1
OC-3/STM-1, OC-3/STM-1 SFP, SM, LR-2
SFP-OC3-LR2
Service and Support
Cisco offers a wide range of services programs to accelerate customer success. These innovative services programs are delivered through a unique combination of people, processes, tools, and partners, resulting in high levels of customer satisfaction. Cisco services help you to protect your network investment, optimize network operations, and prepare your network for new applications to extend network intelligence and the power of your business. For more information about Cisco services, refer to
Cisco Technical Support Services or
Cisco Advanced Services.
For More Information
For more information about the Cisco SPA/SIP portfolio, visit
http://www.cisco.com/go/spa or contact your local Cisco account representative.
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