Contents

ICMP for IPv6 Redirect

The IPv6 Redirect Messages feature enables a device to send Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) IPv6 neighbor redirect messages to inform hosts of better first-hop nodes (devices or hosts) on the path to a destination.

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest caveats and feature information, see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the feature information table at the end of this module.

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/​go/​cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Information About ICMP for IPv6 Redirect

ICMP for IPv6

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) in IPv6 functions the same as ICMP in IPv4. ICMP generates error messages, such as ICMP destination unreachable messages, and informational messages, such as ICMP echo request and reply messages. Additionally, ICMP packets in IPv6 are used in the IPv6 neighbor discovery process, path MTU discovery, and the Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol for IPv6. MLD is used by IPv6 devices to discover multicast listeners (nodes that want to receive multicast packets destined for specific multicast addresses) on directly attached links. MLD is based on version 2 of the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) for IPv4.

A value of 58 in the Next Header field of the basic IPv6 packet header identifies an IPv6 ICMP packet. ICMP packets in IPv6 are like a transport-layer packet in the sense that the ICMP packet follows all the extension headers and is the last piece of information in the IPv6 packet. Within IPv6 ICMP packets, the ICMPv6 Type and ICMPv6 Code fields identify IPv6 ICMP packet specifics, such as the ICMP message type. The value in the Checksum field is derived (computed by the sender and checked by the receiver) from the fields in the IPv6 ICMP packet and the IPv6 pseudoheader. The ICMPv6 Data field contains error or diagnostic information relevant to IP packet processing. The figure below shows the IPv6 ICMP packet header format.

Figure 1. IPv6 ICMP Packet Header Format

IPv6 Neighbor Redirect Message

A value of 137 in the type field of the ICMP packet header identifies an IPv6 neighbor redirect message. Devices send neighbor redirect messages to inform hosts of better first-hop nodes on the path to a destination (see the figure below).

Figure 2. IPv6 Neighbor Discovery: Neighbor Redirect Message


Note

A device must be able to determine the link-local address for each of its neighboring devices in order to ensure that the target address (the final destination) in a redirect message identifies the neighbor device by its link-local address. For static routing, the address of the next-hop device should be specified using the link-local address of the device; for dynamic routing, all IPv6 routing protocols must exchange the link-local addresses of neighboring devices.

After forwarding a packet, a device should send a redirect message to the source of the packet under the following circumstances:

  • The destination address of the packet is not a multicast address.
  • The packet was not addressed to the device.
  • The packet is about to be sent out the interface on which it was received.
  • The device determines that a better first-hop node for the packet resides on the same link as the source of the packet.
  • The source address of the packet is a global IPv6 address of a neighbor on the same link, or a link-local address.

Use the ipv6 icmp error-interval command to limit the rate at which the device generates all IPv6 ICMP error messages, including neighbor redirect messages, which ultimately reduces link-layer congestion.


Note

A device must not update its routing tables after receiving a neighbor redirect message, and hosts must not originate neighbor redirect messages.

How to Display IPv6 Redirect Messages

Displaying IPv6 Redirect Messages

SUMMARY STEPS

    1.    enable

    2.    show ipv6 interface [brief] [type number] [prefix]

    3.    show ipv6 neighbors [interface-type interface-number | ipv6-address | ipv6-hostname | statistics]

    4.    show ipv6 route [ipv6-address | ipv6-prefix / prefix-length | protocol | interface-type interface-number]

    5.    show ipv6 traffic

    6.    show atm map

    7.    show hosts [vrf vrf-name | all | hostname | summary]

    8.    show running-config


DETAILED STEPS
     Command or ActionPurpose
    Step 1 enable


    Example:
    Device# enable
     

    Enables privileged EXEC mode.

    • Enter your password if prompted.
     
    Step 2 show ipv6 interface [brief] [type number] [prefix]


    Example:
    Device# show ipv6 interface ethernet 0
     

    Displays the usability status of interfaces configured for IPv6.

     
    Step 3 show ipv6 neighbors [interface-type interface-number | ipv6-address | ipv6-hostname | statistics]


    Example:
    Device# show ipv6 neighbors ethernet 2
     

    Displays IPv6 neighbor discovery cache information.

     
    Step 4 show ipv6 route [ipv6-address | ipv6-prefix / prefix-length | protocol | interface-type interface-number]


    Example:
    Device# show ipv6 route
     

    Displays the current contents of the IPv6 routing table.

     
    Step 5 show ipv6 traffic


    Example:
    Device# show ipv6 traffic
     

    Displays statistics about IPv6 traffic.

     
    Step 6 show atm map


    Example:
    Device# show atm map
     

    Displays the list of all configured ATM static maps to remote hosts on an ATM network and on ATM bundle maps.

     
    Step 7 show hosts [vrf vrf-name | all | hostname | summary]


    Example:
    Device# show hosts
     

    Displays the default domain name, the style of name lookup service, a list of name server hosts, and the cached list of hostnames and addresses.

     
    Step 8 show running-config


    Example:
    Device# show running-config
     

    Displays the current configuration running on the device.

     

    Configuration Examples for ICMP for IPv6 Redirect

    Example: Displaying IPv6 Interface Statistics

    In the following example, the show ipv6 interface command is used to verify that IPv6 addresses are configured correctly for FastEthernet interface 1/0. Information may also be displayed about the status of IPv6 neighbor redirect messages, IPv6 neighbor discovery messages, stateless autoconfiguration, and MTU size. 

    Device# show ipv6 interface fastethernet 1/0

Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up
  IPv6 is stalled, link-local address is FE80::1 
  Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8:2000::1, subnet is 2001:DB8:2000::/64
    2001:DB8:3000::1, subnet is 2001:DB8:3000::/64
  Joined group address(es):
    FF02::1
    FF02::2
    FF02::1:FF00:1
  MTU is 1500 bytes
  ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
  ICMP redirects are enabled
  ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1
  ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds
  ND advertised reachable time is 0 milliseconds
  ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 milliseconds
  ND router advertisements are sent every 200 seconds
  ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds
  Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses.

    Additional References

    Related Documents

    Related Topic

    Document Title

    IPv6 addressing and connectivity

    IPv6 Configuration Guide

    Cisco IOS commands

    Cisco IOS Master Commands List, All Releases

    IPv6 commands

    Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference

    Cisco IOS IPv6 features

    Cisco IOS IPv6 Feature Mapping

    Standards and RFCs

    Standard/RFC

    Title

    RFCs for IPv6

    IPv6 RFCs

    MIBs

    MIB

    MIBs Link

    No new or modified MIBs are supported by this feature, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified by this feature.

    To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL:

    http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​go/​mibs

    Technical Assistance

    Description

    Link

    The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.

    http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​cisco/​web/​support/​index.html

    Feature Information for ICMP for IPv6 Redirect

    The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.

    Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/​go/​cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

    Table 1 Feature Information for ICMPv for IPv6 Redirect

    Feature Name

    Releases

    Feature Information

    IPv6: ICMPv6 Redirect

    12.0(22)S

    12.2(4)T

    12.2(14)S

    12.2(17a)SX1

    12.2(25)SG

    12.2(28)SB

    12.2(33)SRA

    15.3(1)S

    Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1

    The IPv6 Redirect Messages feature enables a device to send ICMP IPv6 neighbor redirect messages to inform hosts of better first-hop nodes on the path to a destination.

    The following commands were introduced or modified: show ipv6 interface, show ipv6 neighbors, show ipv6 route, show ipv6 traffic.

    ICMP for IPv6 Redirect

    ICMP for IPv6 Redirect

    The IPv6 Redirect Messages feature enables a device to send Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) IPv6 neighbor redirect messages to inform hosts of better first-hop nodes (devices or hosts) on the path to a destination.

    Finding Feature Information

    Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest caveats and feature information, see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the feature information table at the end of this module.

    Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/​go/​cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

    Information About ICMP for IPv6 Redirect

    ICMP for IPv6

    Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) in IPv6 functions the same as ICMP in IPv4. ICMP generates error messages, such as ICMP destination unreachable messages, and informational messages, such as ICMP echo request and reply messages. Additionally, ICMP packets in IPv6 are used in the IPv6 neighbor discovery process, path MTU discovery, and the Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol for IPv6. MLD is used by IPv6 devices to discover multicast listeners (nodes that want to receive multicast packets destined for specific multicast addresses) on directly attached links. MLD is based on version 2 of the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) for IPv4.

    A value of 58 in the Next Header field of the basic IPv6 packet header identifies an IPv6 ICMP packet. ICMP packets in IPv6 are like a transport-layer packet in the sense that the ICMP packet follows all the extension headers and is the last piece of information in the IPv6 packet. Within IPv6 ICMP packets, the ICMPv6 Type and ICMPv6 Code fields identify IPv6 ICMP packet specifics, such as the ICMP message type. The value in the Checksum field is derived (computed by the sender and checked by the receiver) from the fields in the IPv6 ICMP packet and the IPv6 pseudoheader. The ICMPv6 Data field contains error or diagnostic information relevant to IP packet processing. The figure below shows the IPv6 ICMP packet header format.

    Figure 1. IPv6 ICMP Packet Header Format

    IPv6 Neighbor Redirect Message

    A value of 137 in the type field of the ICMP packet header identifies an IPv6 neighbor redirect message. Devices send neighbor redirect messages to inform hosts of better first-hop nodes on the path to a destination (see the figure below).

    Figure 2. IPv6 Neighbor Discovery: Neighbor Redirect Message


    Note

    A device must be able to determine the link-local address for each of its neighboring devices in order to ensure that the target address (the final destination) in a redirect message identifies the neighbor device by its link-local address. For static routing, the address of the next-hop device should be specified using the link-local address of the device; for dynamic routing, all IPv6 routing protocols must exchange the link-local addresses of neighboring devices.

    After forwarding a packet, a device should send a redirect message to the source of the packet under the following circumstances:

    • The destination address of the packet is not a multicast address.
    • The packet was not addressed to the device.
    • The packet is about to be sent out the interface on which it was received.
    • The device determines that a better first-hop node for the packet resides on the same link as the source of the packet.
    • The source address of the packet is a global IPv6 address of a neighbor on the same link, or a link-local address.

    Use the ipv6 icmp error-interval command to limit the rate at which the device generates all IPv6 ICMP error messages, including neighbor redirect messages, which ultimately reduces link-layer congestion.


    Note

    A device must not update its routing tables after receiving a neighbor redirect message, and hosts must not originate neighbor redirect messages.

    How to Display IPv6 Redirect Messages

    Displaying IPv6 Redirect Messages

    SUMMARY STEPS

      1.    enable

      2.    show ipv6 interface [brief] [type number] [prefix]

      3.    show ipv6 neighbors [interface-type interface-number | ipv6-address | ipv6-hostname | statistics]

      4.    show ipv6 route [ipv6-address | ipv6-prefix / prefix-length | protocol | interface-type interface-number]

      5.    show ipv6 traffic

      6.    show atm map

      7.    show hosts [vrf vrf-name | all | hostname | summary]

      8.    show running-config


    DETAILED STEPS
       Command or ActionPurpose
      Step 1 enable


      Example:
      Device# enable
       

      Enables privileged EXEC mode.

      • Enter your password if prompted.
       
      Step 2 show ipv6 interface [brief] [type number] [prefix]


      Example:
      Device# show ipv6 interface ethernet 0
       

      Displays the usability status of interfaces configured for IPv6.

       
      Step 3 show ipv6 neighbors [interface-type interface-number | ipv6-address | ipv6-hostname | statistics]


      Example:
      Device# show ipv6 neighbors ethernet 2
       

      Displays IPv6 neighbor discovery cache information.

       
      Step 4 show ipv6 route [ipv6-address | ipv6-prefix / prefix-length | protocol | interface-type interface-number]


      Example:
      Device# show ipv6 route
       

      Displays the current contents of the IPv6 routing table.

       
      Step 5 show ipv6 traffic


      Example:
      Device# show ipv6 traffic
       

      Displays statistics about IPv6 traffic.

       
      Step 6 show atm map


      Example:
      Device# show atm map
       

      Displays the list of all configured ATM static maps to remote hosts on an ATM network and on ATM bundle maps.

       
      Step 7 show hosts [vrf vrf-name | all | hostname | summary]


      Example:
      Device# show hosts
       

      Displays the default domain name, the style of name lookup service, a list of name server hosts, and the cached list of hostnames and addresses.

       
      Step 8 show running-config


      Example:
      Device# show running-config
       

      Displays the current configuration running on the device.

       

      Configuration Examples for ICMP for IPv6 Redirect

      Example: Displaying IPv6 Interface Statistics

      In the following example, the show ipv6 interface command is used to verify that IPv6 addresses are configured correctly for FastEthernet interface 1/0. Information may also be displayed about the status of IPv6 neighbor redirect messages, IPv6 neighbor discovery messages, stateless autoconfiguration, and MTU size. 

      Device# show ipv6 interface fastethernet 1/0

Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up
  IPv6 is stalled, link-local address is FE80::1 
  Global unicast address(es):
    2001:DB8:2000::1, subnet is 2001:DB8:2000::/64
    2001:DB8:3000::1, subnet is 2001:DB8:3000::/64
  Joined group address(es):
    FF02::1
    FF02::2
    FF02::1:FF00:1
  MTU is 1500 bytes
  ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
  ICMP redirects are enabled
  ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1
  ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds
  ND advertised reachable time is 0 milliseconds
  ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 milliseconds
  ND router advertisements are sent every 200 seconds
  ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds
  Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses.

      Additional References

      Related Documents

      Related Topic

      Document Title

      IPv6 addressing and connectivity

      IPv6 Configuration Guide

      Cisco IOS commands

      Cisco IOS Master Commands List, All Releases

      IPv6 commands

      Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference

      Cisco IOS IPv6 features

      Cisco IOS IPv6 Feature Mapping

      Standards and RFCs

      Standard/RFC

      Title

      RFCs for IPv6

      IPv6 RFCs

      MIBs

      MIB

      MIBs Link

      No new or modified MIBs are supported by this feature, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified by this feature.

      To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL:

      http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​go/​mibs

      Technical Assistance

      Description

      Link

      The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.

      http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​cisco/​web/​support/​index.html

      Feature Information for ICMP for IPv6 Redirect

      The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.

      Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/​go/​cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

      Table 1 Feature Information for ICMPv for IPv6 Redirect

      Feature Name

      Releases

      Feature Information

      IPv6: ICMPv6 Redirect

      12.0(22)S

      12.2(4)T

      12.2(14)S

      12.2(17a)SX1

      12.2(25)SG

      12.2(28)SB

      12.2(33)SRA

      15.3(1)S

      Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1

      The IPv6 Redirect Messages feature enables a device to send ICMP IPv6 neighbor redirect messages to inform hosts of better first-hop nodes on the path to a destination.

      The following commands were introduced or modified: show ipv6 interface, show ipv6 neighbors, show ipv6 route, show ipv6 traffic.