- Finding Feature Information
- Prerequisites for MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
- Restrictions for MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
- Information About MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
- How to Configure MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
- Connecting the MPLS VPN Customers
- Configuring Routing Protocols Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring BGP as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring RIPv2 as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring Static Routes Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring OSPF as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring EIGRP as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring EIGRP Redistribution in the MPLS VPN
- Verifying the VPN Configuration
- Verifying Connectivity Between MPLS VPN Sites
Configuring MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
A Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Virtual Private Network (VPN) consists of a set of sites that are interconnected by means of an MPLS provider core network. At each customer site, one or more customer edge (CE) routers attach to one or more provider edge (PE) routers. This module explains how to create an MPLS VPN.
Finding Feature Information
Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the Feature Information Table at the end of this document.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
Prerequisites for MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
Before configuring MPLS Layer 3 VPNs, you should have MPLS, Label Distribution Protocol (LDP), and Cisco Express Forwarding installed in your network. All routers in the core, including the PE routers, must be able to support Cisco Express Forwarding and MPLS forwarding. See the Assessing the Needs of MPLS VPN Customers for more information.
Cisco Express Forwarding must be enabled all routers in the core, including the PE routers. For information about how to determine if Cisco Express Forwarding is enabled, see Configuring Basic Cisco Express Forwarding--Improving Performance, Scalability, and Resiliency in Dynamic Network .
Restrictions for MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
When configuring static routes in an MPLS or MPLS VPN environment, some variations of the ip route and ip route vrf commands are not supported. These variations of the commands are not supported in Cisco IOS XE releases that support the Tag Forwarding Information Base (TFIB). The TFIB cannot resolve prefixes when the recursive route over which the prefixes travel disappears and then reappears. However, the command variations are supported in Cisco IOS XE releases that support the MPLS Forwarding Infrastructure (MFI). Use the following guidelines when configuring static routes.
Supported Static Routes in an MPLS Environment
The following ip route command is supported when you configure static routes in MPLS environment:
ip route destination-prefix mask interface next-hop-address
The following ip route commands are supported when you configure static routes in an MPLS environment and configure load sharing with static nonrecursive routes and a specific outbound interface:
ip route destination-prefix mask interface1 next-hop1
ip route destination-prefix mask interface2 next-hop2
Unsupported Static Routes in an MPLS Environment that Uses the TFIB
The following ip route command is not supported when you configure static routes in an MPLS environment:
ip route destination-prefix mask next-hop-address
The following ip route command is not supported when you configure static routes in an MPLS environment and enable load sharing where the next hop can be reached through two paths:
ip route destination-prefix mask next-hop-address
The following ip route command is not supported when you configure static routes in an MPLS environment and enable load sharing where the destination can be reached through two next hops:
ip route destination-prefix mask next-hop1
ip route destination-prefix mask next-hop2
Use the interface and next-hop arguments when specifying static routes.
Supported Static Routes in an MPLS VPN Environment
The following ip route vrf commands are supported when you configure static routes in a MPLS VPN environment, and the next hop and interface are in the same VRF:
The following ip route vrf commands are supported when you configure static routes in a MPLS VPN environment, and the next hop is in the global table in the MPLS cloud in the global routing table. For example, these commands are supported when the next hop is pointing to the Internet Gateway.
The following ip route commands are supported when you configure static routes in a MPLS VPN environment and enable load sharing with static nonrecursive routes and a specific outbound interfaces:
ip route destination-prefix mask interface1 next-hop1
ip route destination-prefix mask interface2 next-hop2
Unsupported Static Routes in an MPLS VPN Environment that Uses the TFIB
The following ip route command is not supported when you configure static routes in a MPLS VPN environment, the next hop is in the global table in the MPLS cloud within the core, and you enable load sharing where the next hop can be reached through two paths:
ip route vrf destination-prefix mask next-hop-address global
The following ip route commands are not supported when you configure static routes in a MPLS VPN environment, the next hop is in the global table in the MPLS cloud within the core, and you enable load sharing where the destination can be reached through two next hops:
ip route vrf destination-prefix mask next-hop1 global
ip route vrf destination-prefix mask next-hop2 global
The following ip route vrf commands are not supported when you configure static routes in an MPLS VPN environment, and the next hop and interface are in the same VRF:
ip route vrf vrf-name destination-prefix mask next-hop1 vrf-name destination-prefix mask next-hop1
ip route vrf vrf-name destination-prefix mask next-hop2
Supported Static Routes in an MPLS VPN Environment Where the Next Hop Resides in the Global Table on the CE Router
The following ip route vrf command is supported when you configure static routes in a MPLS VPN environment, and the next hop is in the global table on the CE side. For example, the following command is supported when the destination-prefix is the CE router's loopback address, as in EBGP multihop cases.
ip route vrf vrf-name destination-prefix mask interface next-hop-address
The following ip route commands are supported when you configure static routes in a MPLS VPN environment, the next hop is in the global table on the CE side, and you enable load sharing with static non-recursive routes and a specific outbound interfaces:
ip route destination-prefix mask interface1 nexthop1
ip route destination-prefix mask interface2 nexthop2
Information About MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
MPLS VPN Definition
Before defining an MPLS VPN, you need to define a VPN in general. A VPN is:
- An IP-based network delivering private network services over a public infrastructure
- A set of sites that are allowed to communicate with each other privately over the Internet or other public or private networks
Conventional VPNs are created by configuring a full mesh of tunnels or permanent virtual circuits (PVCs) to all sites in a VPN. This type of VPN is not easy to maintain or expand, because adding a new site requires changing each edge device in the VPN.
MPLS-based VPNs are created in Layer 3 and are based on the peer model. The peer model enables the service provider and the customer to exchange Layer 3 routing information. The service provider relays the data between the customer sites without the customer's involvement.
MPLS VPNs are easier to manage and expand than conventional VPNs. When a new site is added to an MPLS VPN, only the service provider's edge router that provides services to the customer site needs to be updated.
The different parts of the MPLS VPN are described as follows:
- Provider (P) router--Router in the core of the provider network. P routers run MPLS switching, and do not attach VPN labels (MPLS label in each route assigned by the PE router) to routed packets. VPN labels are used to direct data packets to the correct egress router.
- PE router--Router that attaches the VPN label to incoming packets based on the interface or subinterface on which they are received. A PE router attaches directly to a CE router.
- Customer (C) router--Router in the ISP or enterprise network.
- Customer edge router--Edge router on the network of the ISP that connects to the PE router on the network. A CE router must interface with a PE router.
The figure below shows a basic MPLS VPN.
| Figure 1 | Basic MPLS VPN Terminology |
How an MPLS VPN Works
MPLS VPN functionality is enabled at the edge of an MPLS network. The PE router performs the following:
- Exchanges routing updates with the CE router
- Translates the CE routing information into VPNv4 routes
- Exchanges VPNv4 routes with other PE routers through the Multiprotocol Border Gateway Protocol (MP-BGP)
- How Virtual Routing and Forwarding Tables Work in an MPLS VPN
- How VPN Routing Information Is Distributed in an MPLS VPN
- BGP Distribution of VPN Routing Information
- MPLS Forwarding
How Virtual Routing and Forwarding Tables Work in an MPLS VPN
Each VPN is associated with one or more virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instances. A VRF defines the VPN membership of a customer site attached to a PE router. A VRF consists of the following components:
- An IP routing table
- A derived Cisco Express Forwarding table
- A set of interfaces that use the forwarding table
- A set of rules and routing protocol parameters that control the information that is included in the routing table
A one-to-one relationship does not necessarily exist between customer sites and VPNs. A site can be a member of multiple VPNs. However, a site can associate with only one VRF. A site's VRF contains all the routes available to the site from the VPNs of which it is a member.
Packet forwarding information is stored in the IP routing table and the Cisco Express Forwarding table for each VRF. A separate set of routing and Cisco Express Forwarding tables is maintained for each VRF. These tables prevent information from being forwarded outside a VPN, and also prevent packets that are outside a VPN from being forwarded to a router within the VPN.
How VPN Routing Information Is Distributed in an MPLS VPN
The distribution of VPN routing information is controlled through the use of VPN route target communities, implemented by BGP extended communities. VPN routing information is distributed as follows:
- When a VPN route that is learned from a CE router is injected into BGP, a list of VPN route target extended community attributes is associated with it. Typically the list of route target community extended values is set from an export list of route targets associated with the VRF from which the route was learned.
- An import list of route target extended communities is associated with each VRF. The import list defines route target extended community attributes that a route must have in order for the route to be imported into the VRF. For example, if the import list for a particular VRF includes route target extended communities A, B, and C, then any VPN route that carries any of those route target extended communities--A, B, or C--is imported into the VRF.
BGP Distribution of VPN Routing Information
A PE router can learn an IP prefix from the following sources:
- A CE router by static configuration
- A BGP session with the CE router
- A Routing Information Protocol (RIP) exchange with the CE router
The IP prefix is a member of the IPv4 address family. After the PE router learns the IP prefix, the PE converts it into a VPN-IPv4 prefix by combining it with an 8-byte route distinguisher (RD). The generated prefix is a member of the VPN-IPv4 address family. It uniquely identifies the customer address, even if the customer site is using globally nonunique (unregistered private) IP addresses. The route distinguisher used to generate the VPN-IPv4 prefix is specified by a configuration command associated with the VRF on the PE router.
BGP distributes reachability information for VPN-IPv4 prefixes for each VPN. BGP communication takes place at two levels:
- Within IP domains, known as an autonomous system (interior BGP [IBGP])
- Between autonomous systems (external BGP [EBGP]).
PE-PE or PE-RR (route reflector) sessions are IBGP sessions, and PE-CE sessions are EBGP sessions.
BGP propagates reachability information for VPN-IPv4 prefixes among PE routers by means of the BGP multiprotocol extensions (see RFC 2283, Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP-4 ), which define support for address families other than IPv4. Using the extensions ensures that the routes for a given VPN are learned only by other members of that VPN, enabling members of the VPN to communicate with each other.
MPLS Forwarding
Based on routing information stored in the VRF IP routing table and VRF Cisco Express Forwarding table, packets are forwarded to their destination using MPLS.
A PE router binds a label to each customer prefix learned from a CE router and includes the label in the network reachability information for the prefix that it advertises to other PE routers. When a PE router forwards a packet received from a CE router across the provider network, it labels the packet with the label learned from the destination PE router. When the destination PE router receives the labeled packet, it pops the label and uses it to direct the packet to the correct CE router. Label forwarding across the provider backbone is based on either dynamic label switching or traffic engineered paths. A customer data packet carries two levels of labels when traversing the backbone:
- The top label directs the packet to the correct PE router.
- The second label indicates how that PE router should forward the packet to the CE router.
Major Components of MPLS VPNs
An MPLS-based VPN network has three major components:
- VPN route target communities--A VPN route target community is a list of all members of a VPN community. VPN route targets need to be configured for each VPN community member.
- Multiprotocol BGP (MP-BGP) peering of VPN community PE routers--MP-BGP propagates VRF reachability information to all members of a VPN community. MP-BGP peering needs to be configured in all PE routers within a VPN community.
- MPLS forwarding--MPLS transports all traffic between all VPN community members across a VPN service-provider network.
A one-to-one relationship does not necessarily exist between customer sites and VPNs. A given site can be a member of multiple VPNs. However, a site can associate with only one VRF. A customer-site VRF contains all the routes available to the site from the VPNs of which it is a member.
Benefits of an MPLS VPN
MPLS VPNs allow service providers to deploy scalable VPNs and build the foundation to deliver value-added services, such as the following:
Connectionless Service
A significant technical advantage of MPLS VPNs is that they are connectionless. The Internet owes its success to its basic technology, TCP/IP. TCP/IP is built on packet-based, connectionless network paradigm. This means that no prior action is necessary to establish communication between hosts, making it easy for two parties to communicate. To establish privacy in a connectionless IP environment, current VPN solutions impose a connection-oriented, point-to-point overlay on the network. Even if it runs over a connectionless network, a VPN cannot take advantage of the ease of connectivity and multiple services available in connectionless networks. When you create a connectionless VPN, you do not need tunnels and encryption for network privacy, thus eliminating significant complexity.
Centralized Service
Building VPNs in Layer 3 allows delivery of targeted services to a group of users represented by a VPN. A VPN must give service providers more than a mechanism for privately connecting users to intranet services. It must also provide a way to flexibly deliver value-added services to targeted customers. Scalability is critical, because customers want to use services privately in their intranets and extranets. Because MPLS VPNs are seen as private intranets, you may use new IP services such as:
- Multicast
- Quality of service (QoS)
- Telephony support within a VPN
- Centralized services including content and web hosting to a VPN
You can customize several combinations of specialized services for individual customers. For example, a service that combines IP multicast with a low-latency service class enables video conferencing within an intranet.
Scalability
If you create a VPN using connection-oriented, point-to-point overlays, Frame Relay, or ATM virtual connections (VCs), the VPN's key deficiency is scalability. Specifically, connection-oriented VPNs without fully meshed connections between customer sites are not optimal. MPLS-based VPNs instead use the peer model and Layer 3 connectionless architecture to leverage a highly scalable VPN solution. The peer model requires a customer site to peer with only one PE router as opposed to all other customer edge (CE) routers that are members of the VPN. The connectionless architecture allows the creation of VPNs in Layer 3, eliminating the need for tunnels or VCs.
Other scalability issues of MPLS VPNs are due to the partitioning of VPN routes between PE routers and the further partitioning of VPN and IGP routes between PE routers and provider (P) routers in a core network.
- PE routers must maintain VPN routes for those VPNs who are members.
- P routers do not maintain any VPN routes.
This increases the scalability of the provider's core and ensures that no one device is a scalability bottleneck.
Security
MPLS VPNs offer the same level of security as connection-oriented VPNs. Packets from one VPN do not inadvertently go to another VPN.
Security is provided in the following areas:
- At the edge of a provider network, ensuring packets received from a customer are placed on the correct VPN.
- At the backbone, VPN traffic is kept separate. Malicious spoofing (an attempt to gain access to a PE router) is nearly impossible because the packets received from customers are IP packets. These IP packets must be received on a particular interface or subinterface to be uniquely identified with a VPN label.
Easy to Create
To take full advantage of VPNs, customers must be able to easily create new VPNs and user communities. Because MPLS VPNs are connectionless, no specific point-to-point connection maps or topologies are required. You can add sites to intranets and extranets and form closed user groups. Managing VPNs in this manner enables membership of any given site in multiple VPNs, maximizing flexibility in building intranets and extranets.
Flexible Addressing
To make a VPN service more accessible, customers of a service provider can design their own addressing plan, independent of addressing plans for other service provider customers. Many customers use private address spaces, as defined in RFC 1918, and do not want to invest the time and expense of converting to public IP addresses to enable intranet connectivity. MPLS VPNs allow customers to continue to use their present address spaces without network address translation (NAT) by providing a public and private view of the address. A NAT is required only if two VPNs with overlapping address spaces want to communicate. This enables customers to use their own unregistered private addresses, and communicate freely across a public IP network.
Integrated Quality of Service (QoS) Support
QoS is an important requirement for many IP VPN customers. It provides the ability to address two fundamental VPN requirements:
- Predictable performance and policy implementation
- Support for multiple levels of service in an MPLS VPN
Network traffic is classified and labeled at the edge of the network before traffic is aggregated according to policies defined by subscribers and implemented by the provider and transported across the provider core. Traffic at the edge and core of the network can then be differentiated into different classes by drop probability or delay.
Straightforward Migration
For service providers to quickly deploy VPN services, use a straightforward migration path. MPLS VPNs are unique because you can build them over multiple network architectures, including IP, ATM, Frame Relay, and hybrid networks.
Migration for the end customer is simplified because there is no requirement to support MPLS on the CE router and no modifications are required to a customer's intranet.
How to Configure MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
- Configuring the Core Network
- Connecting the MPLS VPN Customers
- Configuring Routing Protocols Between the PE and CE Routers
- Verifying the VPN Configuration
- Verifying Connectivity Between MPLS VPN Sites
Configuring the Core Network
- Assessing the Needs of MPLS VPN Customers
- Configuring Routing Protocols in the Core
- Configuring MPLS in the Core
- Configuring Multiprotocol BGP on the PE Routers and Route Reflectors
Assessing the Needs of MPLS VPN Customers
Before you configure an MPLS VPN, you need to identify the core network topology so that it can best serve MPLS VPN customers. Perform this task to identify the core network topology.
DETAILED STEPS
Configuring Routing Protocols in the Core
To configure a routing protocol, such as BGP, OSPF, IS-IS, EIGRP,and static, see the following documents:
- Configuring BGP
- Configuring OSPF
- Configuring IS-IS
- Configuring ERGRP
- Configuring static routes
Configuring MPLS in the Core
To enable MPLS on all routers in the core, you must configure a label distribution protocol. You can use either of the following as a label distribution protocol:
Configuring Multiprotocol BGP on the PE Routers and Route Reflectors
Perform this task to configure multiprotocol BGP (MP-BGP) connectivity on the PE routers and route reflectors.
DETAILED STEPS
Troubleshooting Tips
You can enter a show ip bgp neighbor command to verify that the neighbors are up and running. If this command is not successful, enter a debug ip bgp x.x.x.x events command, where x.x.x.x is the IP address of the neighbor.
Connecting the MPLS VPN Customers
- Defining VRFs on the PE Routers to Enable Customer Connectivity
- Configuring VRF Interfaces on PE Routers for Each VPN Customer
Defining VRFs on the PE Routers to Enable Customer Connectivity
To define VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) instances, perform this task.
DETAILED STEPS
Configuring VRF Interfaces on PE Routers for Each VPN Customer
To associate a VRF with an interface or subinterface on the PE routers, perform this task.
DETAILED STEPS
Configuring Routing Protocols Between the PE and CE Routers
Configure the PE router with the same routing protocol that the CE router uses. You can configure the following routing protocols:
- Configuring BGP as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring RIPv2 as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring Static Routes Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring OSPF as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring EIGRP as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
- Configuring EIGRP Redistribution in the MPLS VPN
Configuring BGP as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
To configure PE-to-CE routing sessions using BGP, perform this task.
DETAILED STEPS
Configuring RIPv2 as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
To configure PE-to-CE routing sessions using RIPv2, perform this task.
DETAILED STEPS
Configuring Static Routes Between the PE and CE Routers
To configure PE-to-CE routing sessions that use static routes, perform this task.
DETAILED STEPS
Configuring OSPF as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
To configure PE-to-CE routing sessions that use OSPF, perform this task.
DETAILED STEPS
Configuring EIGRP as the Routing Protocol Between the PE and CE Routers
Using Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) between the PE and CE routers allows you to transparently connect EIGRP customer networks through an MPLS-enabled BGP core network so that EIGRP routes are redistributed through the VPN across the BGP network as internal BGP (iBGP) routes.
To configure PE-to-CE routing sessions that use EIGRP, perform this task.
BGP must be configured in the network core.
DETAILED STEPS
Configuring EIGRP Redistribution in the MPLS VPN
Perform this task to every PE router that provides VPN services to enable EIGRP redistribution in the MPLS VPN.
The metric must be configured for routes from external EIGRP autonomous systems and non-EIGRP networks before these routes can be redistributed into an EIGRP CE router. The metric can be configured in the redistribute statement using the redistribute (IP) command or configured with the default-metric (EIGRP) command. If an external route is received from another EIGRP autonomous system or a non-EIGRP network without a configured metric, the route will not be advertised to the CE router.
 Note |
Redistribution between native EIGRP VRFs is not supported. This is designed behavior. > |
DETAILED STEPS
Verifying the VPN Configuration
A route distinguisher must be configured for the VRF, and MPLS must be configured on the interfaces that carry the VRF. Use the show ip vrf command to verify the route distinguisher (RD) and interface that are configured for the VRF.
DETAILED STEPS
|
Use this command to display the set of defined VRF instances and associated interfaces. The output also maps the VRF instances to the configured route distinguisher. |
Verifying Connectivity Between MPLS VPN Sites
To verify that the local and remote CE routers can communicate across the MPLS core, perform the following tasks:
- Verifying IP Connectivity from CE Router to CE Router Across the MPLS Core
- Verifying that the Local and Remote CE Routers Are in the Routing Table
Verifying IP Connectivity from CE Router to CE Router Across the MPLS Core
Perform this task to verify IP connectivity from CE router to CE router across the MPLS VPN.
DETAILED STEPS
Verifying that the Local and Remote CE Routers Are in the Routing Table
Perform this task to check that the local and remote CE routers are in the routing table of the PE routers.
DETAILED STEPS
Configuration Examples for MPLS VPNs
- Configuring an MPLS VPN Using BGP Example
- Configuring an MPLS VPN Using RIP Example
- Configuring an MPLS VPN Using Static Routes Example
- Configuring an MPLS VPN Using OSPF Example
- Configuring an MPLS VPN Using EIGRP Example
Configuring an MPLS VPN Using BGP Example
This example shows an MPLS VPN that is configured using BGP.
| PE Configuration |
CE Configuration |
|---|---|
ip vrf vpn1 rd 100:1 route-target export 100:1 route-target import 100:1 ! ip cef mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 force mpls label protocol ldp ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0/0 ip vrf forwarding vpn1 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable ! interface FastEthernet 1/1/0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 mpls label protocol ldp mpls ip ! router ospf 100 network 10.0.0. 0.0.0.0 area 100 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 100 ! router bgp 100 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor changes neighbor 10.0.0.3 remote-as 100 neighbor 10.0.0.3 update-source Loopback0 no auto-summary ! address-family vpnv4 neighbor 10.0.0.3 activate neighbor 10.0.0.3 send-community extended bgp scan-time import 5 exit-address-family ! address-family ipv4 vrf vpn1 redistribute connected neighbor 10.0.0.1 remote-as 200 neighbor 10.0.0.1 activate neighbor 10.0.0.1 as-override neighbor 10.0.0.1 advertisement-interval 5 no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family |
ip cef mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 force mpls label protocol ldp ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable ! router bgp 200 bgp log-neighbor-changes neighbor 10.0.0.2 remote-as 100 ! address-family ipv4 redistribute connected neighbor 10.0.0.2 activate neighbor 10.0.0.2 advertisement-interval 5 no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family |
Configuring an MPLS VPN Using RIP Example
This example shows an MPLS VPN that is configured using RIP.
| PE Configuration |
CE Configuration |
|---|---|
ip vrf vpn1 rd 100:1 route-target export 100:1 route-target import 100:1 ! ip cef mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 force mpls label protocol ldp ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0/0 ip vrf forwarding vpn1 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable interface FastEthernet 1/1/0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 mpls label protocol ldp mpls ip ! router rip version 2 timers basic 30 60 60 120 ! address-family ipv4 vrf vpn1 version 2 redistribute bgp 100 metric transparent network 10.0.0.0 distribute-list 20 in no auto-summary exit-address-family ! router bgp 100 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor changes neighbor 10.0.0.3 remote-as 100 neighbor 10.0.0.3 update-source Loopback0 no auto-summary ! address-family vpnv4 neighbor 10.0.0.3 activate neighbor 10.0.0.3 send-community extended bgp scan-time import 5 exit-address-family ! address-family ipv4 vrf vpn1 redistribute connected redistribute rip no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family |
ip cef mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 force mpls label protocol ldp ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0/0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable router rip version 2 timers basic 30 60 60 120 redistribute connected network 10.0.0.0 network 10.0.0.1 no auto-summary |
Configuring an MPLS VPN Using Static Routes Example
This example shows an MPLS VPN that is configured using static routes.
| PE Configuration |
CE Configuration |
|---|---|
ip vrf vpn1 rd 100:1 route-target export 100:1 route-target import 100:1 ! ip cef mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 force mpls label protocol ldp ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0/0 ip vrf forwarding vpn1 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable ! interface FastEthernet1/1/0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 mpls label protocol ldp mpls ip ! router ospf 100 network 10.0.0. 0.0.0.0 area 100 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 100 ! router bgp 100 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor changes neighbor 10.0.0.3 remote-as 100 neighbor 10.0.0.3 update-source Loopback0 no auto-summary ! address-family vpnv4 neighbor 10.0.0.3 activate neighbor 10.0.0.3 send-community extended bgp scan-time import 5 exit-address-family ! address-family ipv4 vrf vpn1 redistribute connected redistribute static no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family ! ip route vrf vpn1 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.255 10.0.0.1 ip route vrf vpn1 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1 |
ip cef ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0/0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable ! ip route 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.255 10.0.0.2 3 ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.2 3 |
Configuring an MPLS VPN Using OSPF Example
This example shows an MPLS VPN that is configured using OSPF.
| PE Configuration |
CE Configuration |
|---|---|
ip vrf vpn1 rd 100:1 route-target export 100:1 route-target import 100:1 ! ip cef mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 force mpls label protocol ldp ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0/0 ip vrf forwarding vpn1 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable ! router ospf 1000 vrf vpn1 log-adjacency-changes redistribute bgp 100 metric-type 1 subnets network 10.0.0.13 0.0.0.0 area 10000 network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 10000 ! router bgp 100 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor changes neighbor 10.0.0.3 remote-as 100 neighbor 10.0.0.3 update-source Loopback0 no auto-summary ! address-family vpnv4 neighbor 10.0.0.3 activate neighbor 10.0.0.3 send-community extended bgp scan-time import 5 exit-address-family ! address-family ipv4 vrf vpn1 redistribute connected redistribute ospf 1000 match internal external 1 external 2 no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family |
ip cef mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 force mpls label protocol ldp ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0/0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable ! router ospf 1000 log-adjacency-changes auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000 redistribute connected subnets network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1000 network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 area 1000 |
Configuring an MPLS VPN Using EIGRP Example
This example shows an MPLS VPN that is configured using EIGRP.
| PE Configuration |
CE Configuration |
|---|---|
ip vrf vpn1 rd 100:1 route-target export 100:1 route-target import 100:1 ! ip cef mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 force mpls label protocol ldp ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 interface FastEthernet0/0/0 ip vrf forwarding vpn1 ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable interface FastEthernet1/1/0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 mpls label protocol ldp mpls ip router eigrp 1000 auto-summary ! address-family ipv4 vrf vpn1 redistribute bgp 100 metric 10000 100 255 1 1500 network 10.0.0.0 distribute-list 20 in no auto-summary autonomous-system 1000 exit-address-family ! router bgp 100 no synchronization bgp log-neighbor changes neighbor 10.0.0.3 remote-as 100 neighbor 10.0.0.3 update-source Loopback0 no auto-summary ! address-family vpnv4 neighbor 10.0.0.3 activate neighbor 10.0.0.3 send-community extended bgp scan-time import 5 exit-address-family ! address-family ipv4 vrf vpn1 redistribute connected redistribute eigrp no auto-summary no synchronization exit-address-family |
ip cef mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 force mpls label protocol ldp ! interface Loopback0 ip address 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.255 ! interface FastEthernet0/0/0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 no cdp enable ! router eigrp 1000 network 10.0.0.0 auto-summary |
Additional References
Related Documents
| Related Topic |
Document Title |
|---|---|
| Description of commands associated with MPLS and MPLS applications |
Cisco IOS Multiprotocol Label Switching Command Reference |
Standards
| Standard |
Title |
|---|---|
| No new or modified standards are supported by this feature, and support for existing standards has not been modified by this feature. |
-- |
MIBs
| MIB |
MIBs Link |
|---|---|
| No new or modified MIBs are supported by this feature, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified by this feature. |
To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco software releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL: |
RFCs
| RFC |
Title |
|---|---|
| RFC 2283 |
Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP-4 |
| RFC 4364 |
BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) |
Technical Assistance
| Description |
Link |
|---|---|
| The Cisco Support website provides extensive online resources, including documentation and tools for troubleshooting and resolving technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. To receive security and technical information about your products, you can subscribe to various services, such as the Product Alert Tool (accessed from Field Notices), the Cisco Technical Services Newsletter, and Really Simple Syndication (RSS) Feeds. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password. |
Feature Information for MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.
| Table 1 | Feature Information for MPLS Layer 3 VPNs |
| Feature Name |
Releases |
Feature Information |
|---|---|---|
| MPLS Virtual Private Networks |
Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 Cisco IOS XE Release 3.5S |
This feature allows a set of sites that to be interconnected by means of an MPLS provider core network. At each customer site, one or more customer edge (CE) routers attach to one or more provider edge (PE) routers. In Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1, this feature was introduced on Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers. In Cisco IOS XE Release 3.5S, support was added for the Cisco ASR 903 Router. |
| MPLS VPN-OSPF PE-CE Support |
Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 |
This feature was introduced on Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers. |
| MPLS VPN Support for EIGRP Between Provider Edge and Customer Edge |
Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 |
This feature allows you to connect customers running EIGRP to an MPLS VPN. |
| VPN Routing/Forwarding (VRF) ARP Entry Support |
Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 |
This feature was introduced on Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers. |
| Multi-protocol BGP (MP-BGP)-MPLS VPN |
Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 Cisco IOS XE Release 3.5S |
This feature was introduced on Cisco ASR 1000 Series Routers. In Cisco IOS XE Release 3.5S, support was added for the Cisco ASR 903 Router. |
Cisco and the Cisco logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cisco and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. To view a list of Cisco trademarks, go to this URL: www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third-party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1110R)
Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and phone numbers used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses and phone numbers. Any examples, command display output, network topology diagrams, and other figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses or phone numbers in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental.
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