Contents

IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

The selective packet discard (SPD) mechanism manages the process level input queues on the RP. SPD provides priority to routing protocol packets and other important traffic control Layer 2 keepalives during periods of process level queue congestion

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest caveats and feature information, see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the feature information table at the end of this module.

Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/​go/​cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Information About IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

SPD in IPv6 Overview

The SPD mechanism manages the process level input queues on the RP. SPD provides priority to routing protocol packets and other important traffic control Layer 2 keepalives during periods of process level queue congestion.

SPD State Check

The SPD state check is performed on the IPv6 process input queue on the RP. High-priority packets, such as those of IP precedence 6, are not applied to SPD and are never dropped. All remaining packets, however, can be dropped depending on the length of the IPv6 packet input queue and the SPD state. The possible SPD states are as follows:

  • Normal: The queue size is less than the maximum.

  • Full drop: The queue size is greater than or equal to the maximum.

In the normal state, the router never drops well-formed and malformed packets. In the full drop state, the router drops all well-formed and malformed packets.

SPD Mode

Users can enable an IPv6 SPD mode when the router reaches a certain SPD state. SPD aggressive drop mode drops deformed packets when IPv6 SPD is in random drop state. The OSPF mode allows OSPF packets to be handled with SPD priority.

The size of the process input queue governs the SPD state: normal (no drop), random drop, or max. When the process input queue is less than the SPD minimum threshold, SPD takes no action and enters normal state. In the normal state, no packets are dropped. When the input queue reaches the maximum threshold, SPD enters max state, in which normal priority packets are discarded. If the input queue is between the minimum and maximum thresholds, SPD enters the random drop state, in which normal packets may be dropped.

SPD Headroom

With SPD, the behavior of normal IPv6 packets is not changed. However, routing protocol packets are given higher priority, because SPD recognizes routing protocol packets by the IPv6 precedence field. Therefore, if the IPv6 precedence is set to 7, then the packet is given priority.

SPD prioritizes IPv6 packets with a precedence of 7 by allowing the Cisco IOS software to queue them into the process level input queue above the normal input queue limit. The number of packets allowed in excess of the normal limit is called the SPD headroom. The SPD headroom default is 100, which means that a high precedence packet is not dropped if the size of the input hold queue is lower than 175 (which is the input queue default size + SPD headroom size).

Non-IPv6 packets such as Connectionless Network Service Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (CLNS IS-IS) packets, PPP packets, and High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) keepalives were treated as normal priority as a result of being Layer 2 instead of Layer 3. In addition, Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) operating at Layer 3 or higher are given priority over normal IPv6 packets, but are given the same priority as Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) packets. So, during BGP convergence or during times of very high BGP activity, IGP hellos and keepalives often were dropped, causing IGP adjacencies to fail.

Because IGP and link stability are tenuous and crucial, such packets are given the highest priority and are given extended SPD headroom with a default of 10 packets. These packets are not dropped if the size of the input hold queue is lower than 185 (input queue default size + SPD headroom size + SPD extended headroom).

How to Configure IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

Configuring the SPD Process Input Queue

The SPD in IPv6 feature is enabled by default. Perform this task to configure the maximum and minimum number of packets in the IPv6 SPD process input queue.

SUMMARY STEPS

    1.    enable

    2.    configure terminal

    3.    ipv6 spd queue max-threshold value

    4.    ipv6 spd queue min-threshold value

    5.    exit

    6.    show ipv6 spd


DETAILED STEPS
     Command or ActionPurpose
    Step 1 enable


    Example:
    Router> enable
     

    Enables privileged EXEC mode.

    • Enter your password if prompted.

     
    Step 2 configure terminal


    Example:
    Router# configure terminal
     

    Enters global configuration mode.

     
    Step 3 ipv6 spd queue max-threshold value


    Example:
    Router(config)# ipv6 spd queue max-threshold 100
     

    Configures the maximum number of packets in the SPD process input queue.

     
    Step 4 ipv6 spd queue min-threshold value


    Example:
    Router(config)# ipv6 spd queue min-threshold 4094
     

    Configures the minimum number of packets in the IPv6 SPD process input queue.

    Note   

    The minimum threshold value must be lower than the maximum threshold setting.

     
    Step 5 exit

    Example:
    Router(config)# exit
     

    Returns the router to privileged EXEC mode.

     
    Step 6 show ipv6 spd


    Example:
    Router# show ipv6 spd
     

    Displays IPv6 SPD configuration.

     

    Configuring an SPD Mode

    SUMMARY STEPS

      1.    enable

      2.    configure terminal

      3.    ipv6 spd mode {aggressive | tos protocol ospf}


    DETAILED STEPS
       Command or ActionPurpose
      Step 1 enable


      Example:
      Router> enable
       

      Enables privileged EXEC mode.

      • Enter your password if prompted.

       
      Step 2 configure terminal


      Example:
      Router# configure terminal
       

      Enters global configuration mode.

       
      Step 3 ipv6 spd mode {aggressive | tos protocol ospf}


      Example:
      Router(config)# ipv6 spf mode aggressive
       

      Configures an IPv6 SPD mode.

       

      Configuring SPD Headroom

      SUMMARY STEPS

        1.    enable

        2.    configure terminal

        3.    spd headroom size

        4.    spd extended-headroom size

        5.    exit

        6.    show ipv6 spd


      DETAILED STEPS
         Command or ActionPurpose
        Step 1 enable


        Example:
        Router> enable
         

        Enables privileged EXEC mode.

        • Enter your password if prompted.

         
        Step 2 configure terminal


        Example:
        Router# configure terminal
         

        Enters global configuration mode.

         
        Step 3 spd headroom size


        Example:
        Router(config)# spd headroom 200
         

        Configures SPD headroom.

         
        Step 4 spd extended-headroom size


        Example:
        Router(config)# spd extended-headroom 11
         

        Configures extended SPD headroom.

         
        Step 5 exit

        Example:
        Router(config)# exit
         

        Returns the router to privileged EXEC mode.

         
        Step 6 show ipv6 spd


        Example:
        Router# show ipv6 spd
         

        Displays the IPv6 SPD configuration.

         

        Configuration Examples for IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

        Example: Configuring the SPD Process Input Queue

        The following example shows the SPD process input queue configuration. The maximum process input queue threshold is 60,000, and the SPD state is normal. The headroom and extended headroom values are the default: 

        Router# ipv6 spd queue max-threshold 5000
Router# show ipv6 spd
 
Current mode: normal 
Queue max threshold: 60000, Headroom: 100, Extended Headroom: 10 
IPv6 packet queue: 0

        Additional References

        Related Documents

        Related Topic

        Document Title

        IPv6 addressing and connectivity

        IPv6 Configuration Guide

        Cisco IOS commands

        Master Commands List, All Releases

        IPv6 commands

        IPv6 Command Reference

        Cisco IOS IPv6 features

        IPv6 Feature Mapping

        Modular QoS

        “Applying QoS Features Using the MQC” module

        Standards and RFCs

        Standard/RFC

        Title

        RFCs for IPv6

        IPv6 RFCs

        Technical Assistance

        Description

        Link

        The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.

        http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​cisco/​web/​support/​index.html

        Feature Information for IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

        The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.

        Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/​go/​cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

        Table 1 Feature Information for IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

        Feature Name

        Releases

        Feature Information

        IPv6: Full Selective Packet Discard Support

        15.1(3)T

        12.2(33)SRC

        12.2(33)SXH

        15.0(1)S

        The SPD mechanism manages the process level input queues on the RP. SPD provides priority to routing protocol packets and other important traffic control Layer 2 keepalives during periods of process level queue congestion.

        The following commands were introduced or modified: clear ipv6 spd, debug ipv6 spd, ipv6 spd mode, ipv6 spd queue max-threshold, ipv6 spd queue min-threshold, monitor event-trace ipv6 spd, show ipv6 spd, spd extended-headroom, spd headroom.

        IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

        IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

        The selective packet discard (SPD) mechanism manages the process level input queues on the RP. SPD provides priority to routing protocol packets and other important traffic control Layer 2 keepalives during periods of process level queue congestion

        Finding Feature Information

        Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest caveats and feature information, see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the feature information table at the end of this module.

        Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/​go/​cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

        Information About IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

        SPD in IPv6 Overview

        The SPD mechanism manages the process level input queues on the RP. SPD provides priority to routing protocol packets and other important traffic control Layer 2 keepalives during periods of process level queue congestion.

        SPD State Check

        The SPD state check is performed on the IPv6 process input queue on the RP. High-priority packets, such as those of IP precedence 6, are not applied to SPD and are never dropped. All remaining packets, however, can be dropped depending on the length of the IPv6 packet input queue and the SPD state. The possible SPD states are as follows:

        • Normal: The queue size is less than the maximum.

        • Full drop: The queue size is greater than or equal to the maximum.

        In the normal state, the router never drops well-formed and malformed packets. In the full drop state, the router drops all well-formed and malformed packets.

        SPD Mode

        Users can enable an IPv6 SPD mode when the router reaches a certain SPD state. SPD aggressive drop mode drops deformed packets when IPv6 SPD is in random drop state. The OSPF mode allows OSPF packets to be handled with SPD priority.

        The size of the process input queue governs the SPD state: normal (no drop), random drop, or max. When the process input queue is less than the SPD minimum threshold, SPD takes no action and enters normal state. In the normal state, no packets are dropped. When the input queue reaches the maximum threshold, SPD enters max state, in which normal priority packets are discarded. If the input queue is between the minimum and maximum thresholds, SPD enters the random drop state, in which normal packets may be dropped.

        SPD Headroom

        With SPD, the behavior of normal IPv6 packets is not changed. However, routing protocol packets are given higher priority, because SPD recognizes routing protocol packets by the IPv6 precedence field. Therefore, if the IPv6 precedence is set to 7, then the packet is given priority.

        SPD prioritizes IPv6 packets with a precedence of 7 by allowing the Cisco IOS software to queue them into the process level input queue above the normal input queue limit. The number of packets allowed in excess of the normal limit is called the SPD headroom. The SPD headroom default is 100, which means that a high precedence packet is not dropped if the size of the input hold queue is lower than 175 (which is the input queue default size + SPD headroom size).

        Non-IPv6 packets such as Connectionless Network Service Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (CLNS IS-IS) packets, PPP packets, and High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) keepalives were treated as normal priority as a result of being Layer 2 instead of Layer 3. In addition, Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) operating at Layer 3 or higher are given priority over normal IPv6 packets, but are given the same priority as Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) packets. So, during BGP convergence or during times of very high BGP activity, IGP hellos and keepalives often were dropped, causing IGP adjacencies to fail.

        Because IGP and link stability are tenuous and crucial, such packets are given the highest priority and are given extended SPD headroom with a default of 10 packets. These packets are not dropped if the size of the input hold queue is lower than 185 (input queue default size + SPD headroom size + SPD extended headroom).

        How to Configure IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

        Configuring the SPD Process Input Queue

        The SPD in IPv6 feature is enabled by default. Perform this task to configure the maximum and minimum number of packets in the IPv6 SPD process input queue.

        SUMMARY STEPS

          1.    enable

          2.    configure terminal

          3.    ipv6 spd queue max-threshold value

          4.    ipv6 spd queue min-threshold value

          5.    exit

          6.    show ipv6 spd


        DETAILED STEPS
           Command or ActionPurpose
          Step 1 enable


          Example:
          Router> enable
           

          Enables privileged EXEC mode.

          • Enter your password if prompted.

           
          Step 2 configure terminal


          Example:
          Router# configure terminal
           

          Enters global configuration mode.

           
          Step 3 ipv6 spd queue max-threshold value


          Example:
          Router(config)# ipv6 spd queue max-threshold 100
           

          Configures the maximum number of packets in the SPD process input queue.

           
          Step 4 ipv6 spd queue min-threshold value


          Example:
          Router(config)# ipv6 spd queue min-threshold 4094
           

          Configures the minimum number of packets in the IPv6 SPD process input queue.

          Note   

          The minimum threshold value must be lower than the maximum threshold setting.

           
          Step 5 exit

          Example:
          Router(config)# exit
           

          Returns the router to privileged EXEC mode.

           
          Step 6 show ipv6 spd


          Example:
          Router# show ipv6 spd
           

          Displays IPv6 SPD configuration.

           

          Configuring an SPD Mode

          SUMMARY STEPS

            1.    enable

            2.    configure terminal

            3.    ipv6 spd mode {aggressive | tos protocol ospf}


          DETAILED STEPS
             Command or ActionPurpose
            Step 1 enable


            Example:
            Router> enable
             

            Enables privileged EXEC mode.

            • Enter your password if prompted.

             
            Step 2 configure terminal


            Example:
            Router# configure terminal
             

            Enters global configuration mode.

             
            Step 3 ipv6 spd mode {aggressive | tos protocol ospf}


            Example:
            Router(config)# ipv6 spf mode aggressive
             

            Configures an IPv6 SPD mode.

             

            Configuring SPD Headroom

            SUMMARY STEPS

              1.    enable

              2.    configure terminal

              3.    spd headroom size

              4.    spd extended-headroom size

              5.    exit

              6.    show ipv6 spd


            DETAILED STEPS
               Command or ActionPurpose
              Step 1 enable


              Example:
              Router> enable
               

              Enables privileged EXEC mode.

              • Enter your password if prompted.

               
              Step 2 configure terminal


              Example:
              Router# configure terminal
               

              Enters global configuration mode.

               
              Step 3 spd headroom size


              Example:
              Router(config)# spd headroom 200
               

              Configures SPD headroom.

               
              Step 4 spd extended-headroom size


              Example:
              Router(config)# spd extended-headroom 11
               

              Configures extended SPD headroom.

               
              Step 5 exit

              Example:
              Router(config)# exit
               

              Returns the router to privileged EXEC mode.

               
              Step 6 show ipv6 spd


              Example:
              Router# show ipv6 spd
               

              Displays the IPv6 SPD configuration.

               

              Configuration Examples for IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

              Example: Configuring the SPD Process Input Queue

              The following example shows the SPD process input queue configuration. The maximum process input queue threshold is 60,000, and the SPD state is normal. The headroom and extended headroom values are the default: 

              Router# ipv6 spd queue max-threshold 5000
Router# show ipv6 spd
 
Current mode: normal 
Queue max threshold: 60000, Headroom: 100, Extended Headroom: 10 
IPv6 packet queue: 0

              Additional References

              Related Documents

              Related Topic

              Document Title

              IPv6 addressing and connectivity

              IPv6 Configuration Guide

              Cisco IOS commands

              Master Commands List, All Releases

              IPv6 commands

              IPv6 Command Reference

              Cisco IOS IPv6 features

              IPv6 Feature Mapping

              Modular QoS

              “Applying QoS Features Using the MQC” module

              Standards and RFCs

              Standard/RFC

              Title

              RFCs for IPv6

              IPv6 RFCs

              Technical Assistance

              Description

              Link

              The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.

              http:/​/​www.cisco.com/​cisco/​web/​support/​index.html

              Feature Information for IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

              The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.

              Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/​go/​cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

              Table 1 Feature Information for IPv6 Selective Packet Discard

              Feature Name

              Releases

              Feature Information

              IPv6: Full Selective Packet Discard Support

              15.1(3)T

              12.2(33)SRC

              12.2(33)SXH

              15.0(1)S

              The SPD mechanism manages the process level input queues on the RP. SPD provides priority to routing protocol packets and other important traffic control Layer 2 keepalives during periods of process level queue congestion.

              The following commands were introduced or modified: clear ipv6 spd, debug ipv6 spd, ipv6 spd mode, ipv6 spd queue max-threshold, ipv6 spd queue min-threshold, monitor event-trace ipv6 spd, show ipv6 spd, spd extended-headroom, spd headroom.