Although an IETF standard for RADIUS specifies a method for communicating vendor-proprietary information between the network access server and the RADIUS server, some vendors have extended the RADIUS attribute set in a unique way. Cisco software supports a subset of vendor-proprietary RADIUS attributes.

To configure RADIUS (whether vendor-proprietary or IETF compliant), you must use the radius-server commands to specify the host running the RADIUS server daemon and the secret text string it shares with the Cisco device. To identify that the RADIUS server is using a vendor-proprietary implementation of RADIUS, use the radius-server host non-standard command. Vendor-proprietary attributes are not supported unless you use the radius-server host non-standard command.

Note

To configure an IPv4 or IPv6 RADIUS server, use the commands as mentioned below: If you have configured an IPv4 RADIUS server, you can use either the radius-server host command or the radius server name command. If you have configured an IPv6 RADIUS server, use the radius server name command. For more information about the radius server command, see Cisco IOS Security Command Reference: Commands M to R.

Sometimes PPP or login authentication occurs on an interface that is different from the interface on which the call itself comes in. For example, in a V.120 ISDN call, login or PPP authentication occurs on a virtual asynchronous interface “ttt”, but the call itself occurs on one of the channels of the ISDN interface.

The radius-server attribute nas-port extended command configures RADIUS to expand the size of the NAS-Port attribute (RADIUS IETF attribute 5) field to 32 bits. The upper 16 bits of the NAS-Port attribute display the type and number of the controlling interface; the lower 16 bits indicate the interface undergoing authentication.

Note	The radius-server attribute nas-port format command replaces the radius-server extended-portnames command and the radius-server attribute nas-port extended command.

On platforms with multiple interfaces (ports) per slot, the Cisco RADIUS implementation does not provide a unique NAS-Port attribute that permits distinguishing between the interfaces. For example, if a dual PRI is in slot 1, calls on both Serial1/0:1 and Serial1/1:1 appear as NAS-Port = 20101 because of the 16-bit field size limitation associated with the RADIUS IETF NAS-Port attribute. In this case, you can replace the NAS-Port attribute with a VSA (RADIUS IETF attribute 26). Cisco’s vendor ID is 9, and the Cisco-NAS-Port attribute is subtype 2. VSAs can be turned on by entering the radius-server vsa send command. The port information in this attribute is provided and configured using the aaa nas port extended command.

The standard NAS-Port attribute (RADIUS IETF attribute 5) is sent. If you do not want this information to be sent, you can suppress it by using the no radius-server attribute nas-port command. After this command is configured, the standard NAS-Port attribute is no longer sent.

To define a server host with a server group name, enter the following commands in global configuration mode. The listed server must exist in global configuration mode.

DNIS preauthentication enables preauthentication at call setup based on the number dialed. The DNIS number is sent directly to the security server when a call is received. If the call authenticated by AAA, it is accepted.

To configure the device to select a particular AAA server group based on the DNIS of the server group, configure DNIS mapping. To map a server group with a group name with a DNIS number, perform the following task.

To configure DNIS preauthentication, perform the following task.

To set a guard timer to accept or reject a call in the event that the RADIUS server fails to respond to an authentication or preauthentication request, perform the following task.

Large-scale dial-out eliminates the need to configure dialer maps on every NAS for every destination. Instead, you can create remote site profiles that contain outgoing call attributes on the AAA server. The profile is downloaded by the NAS when packet traffic requires a call to be placed to a remote site.

You can configure the username in the Access-Request message to RADIUS. The default suffix of the username, “-out,” is appended to the username. The format for composing the username attribute is the IP address plus the configured suffix.

The following example shows how to configure the device to authenticate and authorize using RADIUS:

aaa authentication login use-radius group radius local
aaa authentication ppp user-radius if-needed group radius
aaa authorization exec default group radius
aaa authorization network default group radius

The lines in this sample RADIUS authentication and authorization configuration are defined as follows:

• The aaa authentication login use-radius group radius local command configures the device to use RADIUS for authentication at the login prompt. If RADIUS returns an error, the user is authenticated using the local database. In this example, use-radius is the name of the method list, which specifies RADIUS and then local authentication.
• The aaa authentication ppp user-radius if-needed group radius command configures the Cisco software to use RADIUS authentication for lines using PPP with CHAP or PAP if the user has not already been authorized. If the EXEC facility has authenticated the user, RADIUS authentication is not performed. In this example, user-radius is the name of the method list defining RADIUS as the if-needed authentication method.
• The aaa authorization exec default group radius command sets the RADIUS information that is used for EXEC authorization, autocommands, and access lists.
• The aaa authorization network default group radius command sets RADIUS for network authorization, address assignment, and access lists.

The following example shows a general configuration using RADIUS with the AAA command set:

radius-server host 10.45.1.2
radius-server key myRaDiUSpassWoRd
username root password ALongPassword
aaa authentication ppp dialins group radius local
aaa authorization network default group radius local
aaa accounting network default start-stop group radius
aaa authentication login admins local
aaa authorization exec default local
line 1 16
 autoselect ppp
 autoselect during-login
 login authentication admins
 modem ri-is-cd
interface group-async 1
 encaps ppp
 ppp authentication pap dialins

The lines in this example RADIUS authentication, authorization, and accounting configuration are defined as follows:

• The radius-server host command defines the IP address of the RADIUS server host.
• The radius-server key command defines the shared secret text string between the network access server and the RADIUS server host.
• The aaa authentication ppp dialins group radius local command defines the authentication method list “dialins,” which specifies that RADIUS authentication and then (if the RADIUS server does not respond) local authentication is used on serial lines using PPP.
• The aaa authorization network default group radius local command is used to assign an address and other network parameters to the RADIUS user.
• The aaa accounting network default start-stop group radius command tracks PPP usage.
• The aaa authentication login admins local command defines another method list, “admins,” for login authentication.
• The login authentication admins command applies the “admins” method list for login authentication.
• The ppp authentication pap dialins command applies the “dialins” method list to the lines specified.

The following example shows a general configuration using vendor-proprietary RADIUS with the AAA command set:

Note

To configure an IPv4 or IPv6 RADIUS server, use the commands as mentioned below: If you have configured an IPv4 RADIUS server, you can use either the radius-server host command or the radius server name command. If you have configured an IPv6 RADIUS server, use the radius server name command. For more information about the radius server command, see Cisco IOS Security Command Reference: Commands M to R.

radius server myserver
radius server address ipv4 192.0.2.2
radius server non-standard
radius server key 7 anykey
radius-server configure-nas
username root password ALongPassword
aaa authentication ppp dialins group radius local
aaa authorization network default group radius local
aaa accounting network default start-stop group radius
aaa authentication login admins local
aaa authorization exec default local

The lines in this RADIUS authentication, authorization, and accounting configuration example are defined as follows:

• The radius server name non-standard command defines the name of the RADIUS server host and identifies that this RADIUS host uses a vendor-proprietary version of RADIUS.
• The radius server name key command defines the shared secret text string between the network access server and the RADIUS server host.
• The radius-server configure-nas command defines that the Cisco device or access server queries the RADIUS server for static routes and IP pool definitions when the device first starts up.
• The aaa authentication ppp dialins group radius local command defines the authentication method list “dialins,” which specifies that RADIUS authentication and then (if the RADIUS server does not respond) local authentication is used on serial lines using PPP.
• The aaa authorization network default group radius local command assigns an address and other network parameters to the RADIUS user.
• The aaa accounting network default start-stop group radius command tracks PPP usage.
• The aaa authentication login admins local command defines another method list, “admins,” for login authentication.

The following example shows how to configure server-specific timeout, retransmit, and key values for the RADIUS server with IP address 172.31.39.46:

radius-server host 172.31.39.46 timeout 6 retransmit 5 key rad123

The following example shows how to configure two RADIUS servers with specific timeout, retransmit, and key values. In this example, the aaa new-model command enables AAA services on the device, and specific AAA commands define the AAA services. The radius-server retransmit command changes the global retransmission value to 4 for all RADIUS servers. The radius-server host command configures specific timeout, retransmission, and key values for the RADIUS server hosts with IP addresses 172.16.1.1 and 172.29.39.46.

! Enable AAA services on the device and define those services.
aaa new-model
aaa authentication login default group radius
aaa authentication login console-login none
aaa authentication ppp default group radius
aaa authorization network default group radius
aaa accounting exec default start-stop group radius
aaa accounting network default start-stop group radius
enable password tryit1
!
! Change the global retransmission value for all RADIUS servers.
radius-server retransmit 4
!
! Configure per-server specific timeout, retransmission, and key values. 
! Change the default auth-port and acct-port values. 
radius-server host 172.16.1.1 auth-port 1612 acct-port 1616 timeout 3 retransmit 3 key radkey
!
! Configure per-server specific timeout and key values. This server uses the global
! retransmission value.
radius-server host 172.29.39.46 timeout 6 key rad123

The following example shows how to configure the network access server to recognize several RADIUS host entries with the same IP address. Two different host entries on the same RADIUS server are configured for the same services—authentication and accounting. The second host entry configured acts as failover backup to the first one. (The RADIUS host entries are tried in the order they are configured.)

! This command enables AAA.
aaa new-model
! The next command configures default RADIUS parameters.
aaa authentication ppp default group radius
! The next set of commands configures multiple host entries for the same IP address.
radius-server host 172.20.0.1 auth-port 1000 acct-port 1001
radius-server host 172.20.0.1 auth-port 2000 acct-port 2000

The following example shows how to create server group radgroup1 with three different RADIUS server members, each using the default authentication port (1645) and accounting port (1646):

aaa group server radius radgroup1
 server 172.16.1.11 
 server 172.17.1.21 
 server 172.18.1.31 

The following example shows how to create server group radgroup2 with three RADIUS server members, each with the same IP address but with unique authentication and accounting ports:

aaa group server radius radgroup2
 server 172.16.1.1 auth-port 1000 acct-port 1001
 server 172.16.1.1 auth-port 2000 acct-port 2001
 server 172.16.1.1 auth-port 3000 acct-port 3001

The following example shows how to configure the network access server to recognize two different RADIUS server groups. One of these groups, group1, has two different host entries on the same RADIUS server configured for the same services. The second host entry configured acts as failover backup to the first one. Each group is individually configured for the deadtime; the deadtime for group 1 is one minute, and the deadtime for group 2 is two minutes.

Note	In cases where both global commands and server commands are used, the server command takes precedence over the global command.

! This command enables AAA.
aaa new-model
! The next command configures default RADIUS parameters.
aaa authentication ppp default group group1
! The following commands define the group1 RADIUS server group and associate servers
! with it and configures a deadtime of one minute.
aaa group server radius group1
 server 10.1.1.1 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646
 server 10.2.2.2 auth-port 2000 acct-port 2001
 deadtime 1
! The following commands define the group2 RADIUS server group and associate servers
! with it and configures a deadtime of two minutes.
aaa group server radius group2
 server 10.2.2.2 auth-port 2000 acct-port 2001
 server 10.3.3.3 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646
 deadtime 2
! The following set of commands configures the RADIUS attributes for each host entry
! associated with one of the defined server groups.
radius-server host 10.1.1.1 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646
radius-server host 10.2.2.2 auth-port 2000 acct-port 2001
radius-server host 10.3.3.3 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646

The following example shows how to select RADIUS server groups based on DNIS to provide specific AAA services:

! This command enables AAA.
aaa new-model
!
! The following set of commands configures the RADIUS attributes for each server
! that will be associated with one of the defined server groups.
radius-server host 172.16.0.1 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646 key cisco1
radius-server host 172.17.0.1 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646 key cisco2
radius-server host 172.18.0.1 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646 key cisco3 
radius-server host 172.19.0.1 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646 key cisco4 
radius-server host 172.20.0.1 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646 key cisco5
! The following commands define the sg1 RADIUS server group and associate servers 
! with it.
aaa group server radius sg1
  server 172.16.0.1
  server 172.17.0.1
! The following commands define the sg2 RADIUS server group and associate a server
! with it.
aaa group server radius sg2
  server 172.18.0.1
! The following commands define the sg3 RADIUS server group and associate a server
! with it.
aaa group server radius sg3
  server 172.19.0.1
! The following commands define the default-group RADIUS server group and associate
! a server with it.
aaa group server radius default-group
  server 172.20.0.1
! The next set of commands configures default-group RADIUS server group parameters.
aaa authentication ppp default group default-group
aaa accounting network default start-stop group default-group
!
! The next set of commands enables DNIS mapping and maps DNIS numbers to the defined
! RADIUS server groups. In this configuration, all PPP connection requests using 
! DNIS 7777 are sent to the sg1 server group. The accounting records for these
! connections (specifically, start-stop records) are handled by the sg2 server group.
! Calls with a DNIS of 8888 use server group sg3 for authentication and server group
! default-group for accounting. Calls with a DNIS of 9999 use server group
! default-group for authentication and server group sg3 for accounting records
! (stop records only). All other calls with DNIS other than the ones defined use the
! server group default-group for both authentication and stop-start accounting records.
aaa dnis map enable
aaa dnis map 7777 authentication ppp group sg1
aaa dnis map 7777 accounting network start-stop group sg2
aaa dnis map 8888 authentication ppp group sg3
aaa dnis map 9999 accounting network stop-only group sg3

The following is a simple configuration that specifies that the DNIS number be used for preauthentication:

aaa preauthentication
 group radius
 dnis required

The following example shows a configuration that specifies that both the DNIS number and the CLID number be used for preauthentication. DNIS preauthentication is performed first, followed by CLID preauthentication.

aaa preauthentication
 group radius
 dnis required
 clid required

The following example specifies that preauthentication be performed on all DNIS numbers except the two DNIS numbers specified in the DNIS group called “dnis-group1”:

aaa preauthentication
 group radius
 dnis required
 dnis bypass dnis-group1
dialer dnis group dnis-group1
 number 12345
 number 12346

The following is a sample AAA configuration with DNIS preauthentication:

aaa new-model
aaa authentication login CONSOLE none
aaa authentication login RADIUS_LIST group radius
aaa authentication login TAC_PLUS group tacacs+ enable
aaa authentication login V.120 none
aaa authentication enable default enable group tacacs+
aaa authentication ppp RADIUS_LIST if-needed group radius
aaa authorization exec RADIUS_LIST group radius if-authenticated
aaa authorization exec V.120 none
aaa authorization network default group radius if-authenticated
aaa authorization network RADIUS_LIST if-authenticated group radius
aaa authorization network V.120 group radius if-authenticated
aaa accounting suppress null-username
aaa accounting exec default start-stop group radius
aaa accounting commands 0 default start-stop group radius
aaa accounting network default start-stop group radius
aaa accounting connection default start-stop group radius
aaa accounting system default start-stop group radius
aaa preauthentication
 dnis password Cisco-DNIS
aaa nas port extended
!
radius-server configure-nas
radius-server host 10.0.0.0 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646 non-standard
radius-server host 10.255.255.255 auth-port 1645 acct-port 1646 non-standard
radius-server retransmit 2
radius-server deadtime 1
radius-server attribute nas-port format c
radius-server unique-ident 18
radius-server key MyKey

Note	To configure preauthentication, you must also set up preauthentication profiles on the RADIUS server.

The following example shows a RADIUS user profile (Merit Daemon format) that includes RADIUS tunneling attributes. This entry supports two tunnels, one for L2F and the other for L2TP. The tag entries with :1 support L2F tunnels, and the tag entries with :2 support L2TP tunnels.

cisco.com Password = "PASSWORD3", Service-Type = Outbound
Service-Type = Outbound,
Tunnel-Type = :1:L2F,
Tunnel-Medium-Type = :1:IP,
Tunnel-Client-Endpoint = :1:"10.0.0.2",
Tunnel-Server-Endpoint = :1:"10.0.0.3",
Tunnel-Client-Auth-Id = :1:"l2f-cli-auth-id",
Tunnel-Server-Auth-Id = :1:"l2f-svr-auth-id",
Tunnel-Assignment-Id = :1:"l2f-assignment-id",
Cisco-Avpair = "vpdn:nas-password=l2f-cli-pass",
Cisco-Avpair = "vpdn:gw-password=l2f-svr-pass",
Tunnel-Preference = :1:1,
Tunnel-Type = :2:L2TP,
Tunnel-Medium-Type = :2:IP,
Tunnel-Client-Endpoint = :2:"10.0.0.2",
Tunnel-Server-Endpoint = :2:"10.0.0.3",
Tunnel-Client-Auth-Id = :2:"l2tp-cli-auth-id",
Tunnel-Server-Auth-Id = :2:"l2tp-svr-auth-id",
Tunnel-Assignment-Id = :2:"l2tp-assignment-id",
Cisco-Avpair = "vpdn:l2tp-tunnel-password=l2tp-tnl-pass",
Tunnel-Preference = :2:2

The following example shows an ISDN guard timer that is set at 8000 milliseconds. A call is rejected if the RADIUS server does not respond to a preauthentication request when the timer expires.

interface serial 1/0/0:23
 isdn guard-timer 8000 on-expiry reject
aaa preauthentication
 group radius
 dnis required

The following example shows a CAS guard timer that is set at 20,000 milliseconds. A call is accepted if the RADIUS server does not respond to a preauthentication request when the timer expires.

controller T1 0
 framing esf
 clock source line primary
 linecode b8zs
 ds0-group 0 timeslots 1-24 type e&m-fgb dtmf dnis
 cas-custom 0
 call guard-timer 20000 on-expiry accept
aaa preauthentication
group radius
dnis required