TCP Optimization

Table 1. Feature History
Feature Name

Release Information

Description
TCP Optimization

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.3.1a

TCP optimization support extended to Cisco 1000 Series Integrated Services Routers (ISRs) and Cisco 4000 Series Integrated Services Routers (ISRs). See Supported Platforms for more information.

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 16.12.1d

This feature optimizes TCP data traffic by decreasing any round-trip latency and improving throughput.

TCP optimization fine tunes the processing of TCP data traffic to decrease round-trip latency and improve throughput.

This article describes optimizing TCP traffic in service-side VPNs on Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN devices.

Optimizing TCP traffic is especially useful for improving TCP traffic performance on long-latency links, such as transcontinental links and the high-latency transport links used by VSAT satellite communications systems. TCP optimization can also improve the performance of SaaS applications.

With TCP optimization, a router acts as a TCP proxy between a client that is initiating a TCP flow and a server that is listening for a TCP flow, as illustrated in the following figure:

The figure shows two routers acting as proxies. Router A is the proxy for the client, and is called the client proxy. Router B is the proxy for the server, called the server proxy. Without TCP optimization, the client establishes a TCP connection directly to the server. When you enable TCP optimization on the two routers, Router A terminates the TCP connection from the client and establishes a TCP connection with Router B. Router B then establishes a TCP connection to the server. The two routers cache the TCP traffic in their buffers to ensure that the traffic from the client reaches the server without allowing the TCP connection to time out.

It is recommended that you configure TCP optimization on both the routers, the router closer to the client and the router closer to the server. This configuration is sometimes called a dual-ended proxy. It is possible to configure TCP optimization only on the router closer to the client, a scenario called single-ended proxy, but this configuration is not recommended because the TCP optimization process is compromised. TCP is a bidirectional protocol and operates only when connection-initiation messages (SYNs) are acknowledged by ACK messages in a timely fashion.

If both the client and the server are connected to the same router, no TCP optimization is performed.

To use TCP optimization, first enable the feature on the router. Then define which TCP traffic to optimize. Before you configure TCP optimization, to start with the configuration transaction, you can use the following command such as, 

ntp server 198.51.241.229 source GigabitEthernet1 version 4

Note

The toptalker feature is supported exclusively on Cisco vEdge devices. For Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN devices, use the AppQoE TCP optimization options.

Topology and Roles

For a branch, the Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN device acts as both controller and service-node.

Data Center

For a data center, the controller and service-node roles are performed by separate Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN devices. This optimizes performance and enables handling more traffic.

The service-node is an external node that has control connections to Cisco SD-WAN Manager to receive configurations.


Note

The service-node Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN device must have an underlay connection to the controller on the global VRF to establish an appnav tunnel.

Supported Platforms

Release

Supported Platforms

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.2.1r and later

  • Cisco 4331 Integrated Services Router (ISR 4331)

  • Cisco 4431 Integrated Services Router (ISR 4431)

  • Cisco 4321 Integrated Services Router (ISR 4321)

  • Cisco 4351 Integrated Services Router (ISR 4351)

  • Cisco 4451 Integrated Services Router (ISR 4451)

  • Cisco 4461 Integrated Services Router (ISR 4461)

  • Cisco CSR 1000v Cloud Services Router (CSRv)

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.3.1a and later

  • Cisco 4221 Integrated Services Router (ISR4221)

  • Cisco Integrated Services Virtual Router (ISRv)

  • Cisco 1000 Series Integrated Services Routers

Note

 

The support is only applicable on Cisco 1000 Series Integrated Services Routers that have a RAM of 8 GB or more. See Cisco 1000 Series Integrated Services Routers Data Sheet for platform specifications.

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.3.2

  • Cisco Catalyst 8300 Series Edge Platforms

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.4.1a

  • Cisco ISR 1100X Series Integrated Services Routers

  • Cisco Catalyst 8000V Edge Software (Cisco Catalyst 8000V)

  • Cisco Catalyst 8200 Series Edge Platforms

  • Cisco Catalyst 8300 Series Edge Platforms

Integrated Service Nodes and Controllers

Devices

Release

Memory Requirements

Cisco Catalyst 8300 Series Edge Platforms:

  • C8300-1N1S-6T

  • C8300-1N1S-4T2X

  • C8300-2N2S-6T

  • C8300-2N2S-4T2X

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.5.1a and later

  • RAM: 16 GB

Cisco Catalyst 8200 Series Edge Platforms:

  • C8200-1N-4T

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.6.1a and later

  • RAM: 16 GB

Cisco Catalyst 8000V Edge Software (Cisco Catalyst 8000V)

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.5.1a and later

  • RAM: 16 GB

  • vCPUs: 8

External Service Nodes and Controllers

Devices

Release

Memory Requirements

ThousandEyes

8 GB

8 GB

UTD

8 GB

-

TCP Optimization

8 GB

-

DRE

32 GB

M.2 NVMe 2TB SSD

Cisco Catalyst 8000V

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.6.1a

  • RAM: 32 GB

  • vCPUs: 16

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.5.1a

  • RAM: 16 GB

  • vCPUs: 8

C8500L-8S4X

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.6.1a

  • RAM: 32 GB

Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN Release 17.5.1a

  • RAM: 16 GB

TCP optimization is not supported on DNS traffic and C8200L platforms.

Disk Provisioning Recommendation for Cisco Catalyst 8000V Deployment

While deploying Cisco Catalyst 8000V instances, choose Thick Provision Eager Zeroed as the disk format.

For information on deploying Cisco Catalyst 8000V instances on supported hypervisors, see:

Minimum Resource Requirements

  • The platforms must have a minimum of 16 GB of DRAM.

  • The platforms must have four or more data cores, with the exception of Cisco 4321 Integrated Services Router (ISR 4321), which is supported in spite of having fewer than four data cores.

  • The Cisco CSR1000V and Cisco Catalyst 8000V platforms must have eight data cores.

Minimum RAM and Disk Requirements for Cisco Catalyst 8500L Series Platform

The C8500L platform supports TCP optimization, DRE, UTD, and ThousandEyes.

Feature

Minimum RAM Requirements

Disk/Storage Requirements

ThousandEyes

8 GB

8 GB

UTD

8 GB

-

TCP Optimization

8 GB

-

DRE

32 GB

M.2 NVMe 2TB SSD

Limitations and Restrictions

  • TCP optimization in Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN uses the Bottleneck Bandwidth and Round-trip Propagation Time (BBR) algorithm for congestion control. Because BBR is used, if clients request for Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), the proxy disables it because it is not supported.

  • TCP optimization is not supported for Cisco Catalyst 8000V when deployed on Cisco Enterprise Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) on CSP devices.

  • Packet Duplication cannot be enabled with AppQoe on the same connection.

TCP Optimization Configuration Examples

Example: Configure Service Insertion using CLI – Branch Router

This example configures a branch Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN device to act as controller and service-node.


Note

By default, subnet 192.168.1.1/30 and 192.0.2.1/30 used for VPG0 and VPG1 (UTD) and 192.168.2.1/24 used for VPG2 (APPQOE) is configured through Cisco SD-WAN Manager. Use any RFC 1918 subnet for Transport and Service VPN configurations other than these netmask. 

service-insertion appnav-controller-group ACG-APPQOE
 appnav-controller 192.3.3.1
!
service-insertion service-node-group SNG-APPQOE
 service-node 192.3.3.2
!
service-insertion service-context appqoe/1
 appnav-controller-group ACG-APPQOE
 service-node-group      SNG-APPQOE
 enable
 vrf global
!

interface VirtualPortGroup2
 no shutdown
 ip address 192.3.3.1 255.255.255.0
 service-insertion appqoe
exit

Example: Configure Service Insertion Using Cisco SD-WAN Manager – Branch Router

For a branch, the Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN device acts as both controller and service-node.

This example configures the branch Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN device as controller and service-node.


Note

When enabling the AppQoE feature on a device through Cisco SD-WAN Manager, ensure that you remove any Virtual Port Groups (VPG) that already have service-insertion appqoe in their configuration and have an IP address that differs from the one you are pushing through Cisco SD-WAN Manager. Enabling AppQoE on a device that has an existing service-insertion appqoe configuration on a VPG could lead to a conflict in configurations. This conflict may result in the AppQoE status remaining indeterminate.

  1. From the Cisco SD-WAN Manager menu, choose Configuration > Templates.

  2. Click Feature Templates.


    Note

    In Cisco vManage Release 20.7.1 and earlier releases Feature Templates is called Feature.

  3. Choose a device from one of the device options listed.

  4. Under Other Templates in the right pane, choose AppQoE.

  5. Enter a name and description for the template.

  6. Click the Controller option.

  7. Enter the following details for the controller option:

    • Controller IP: Corresponds to the appnav-controller value that would be configured by the service-insertion appnav-controller-group command when configuring by CLI.

    • Internal: Check this check box.

    • Service Node IP: Corresponds to the service-node value that would be configured by the service-insertion service-node-group command when configuring by CLI.

  8. Click Save.

  9. Add the feature template that was created in a previous step, to a device template page. In the AppQoE drop-down menu, choose the name of the feature template. Add the AppQoE template you created in the previous step following the steps below.

    1. From the Cisco SD-WAN Manager menu, choose Configuration > Templates.

    2. Click Device Templates.


      Note

      In Cisco vManage Release 20.7.1 and earlier releases Device Templates is called Device.

    3. From the devices listed in the window, click ...for the device you want to attach the AppQoE template to. Click Edit.

    4. Click Additional Templates and under the AppQoE drop-down list, choose the AppQoE template created.

  10. Click Update.

Example: Configure Service Insertion Using Cisco SD-WAN Manager – Data Center Controller

  1. From the Cisco SD-WAN Manager, choose Configuration > Templates.

  2. Click Feature Templates.


    Note

    In Cisco vManage Release 20.7.1 and earlier releases Feature Templates is called Feature.

  3. Under Select Devices, choose the branch device to configure.

  4. Under Other Templates in the right pane, choose AppQoE.

  5. Enter a name and description for the template.

  6. Click the Controller option.

  7. Create a feature template for the Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN device acting as controller. Enter:

    • Controller IP: Corresponds to the appnav-controller value that would be configured by the service-insertion appnav-controller-group command when configuring by CLI.

    • Internal: Leave this option unchecked.

    • Service Node IP: Corresponds to the service-node value that would be configured by the service-insertion service-node-group command when configuring by CLI.

  8. Click Save.

  9. Add the feature template that was created in a previous step, to a device template. In the AppQoE drop-down menu, choose the name of the feature template. Add the AppQoE template you created in the previous following the steps below.

    1. From the Cisco SD-WAN Manager menu, choose Configuration > Templates

    2. Click Device Templates.


      Note

      In Cisco vManage Release 20.7.1 and earlier releases Device Templates is called Device.

    3. From the devices listed on the page, select the device you want to attach the AppQoE template to and click the More Options icon (…) next to the selected device. Click Edit.

    4. Click Additional Templates and under the AppQoE drop-down menu, choose the AppQoE template created.

  10. Click Update.

Example: Configure Service Insertion UsingCisco SD-WAN Manager – Data Center Service-Node


Note

When enabling the AppQoE feature on a device through Cisco SD-WAN Manager, ensure that you remove any Virtual Port Groups (VPG) that already have service-insertion appqoe in their configuration and have an IP address that differs from the one you are pushing through Cisco SD-WAN Manager. Enabling AppQoE on a device that has an existing service-insertion appqoe configuration on a VPG could lead to a conflict in configurations. This conflict may result in the AppQoE status remaining indeterminate.

  1. From the Cisco SD-WAN Manager menu, choose Configuration > Templates.

  2. Click Feature Templates.


    Note

    In Cisco vManage Release 20.7.1 and earlier releases Feature Templates is called Feature.

  3. Under Select Devices, choose the branch device to configure.

  4. Under Other Templates in the right pane, choose AppQoE.

  5. Click the Service Node button.

  6. Create a feature template for the Cisco IOS XE Catalyst SD-WAN device acting as service-node. Enter:

    • Template Name

    • Service Node IP: Corresponds to the appnav-controller value that would be configured by the service-insertion service-node-group command when configuring by CLI.

    • Virtual Port Group IP: Corresponds to the service-node value that would be configured by the interface VirtualPortGroup2 command when configuring by CLI.

  7. Click Save.

  8. Add the feature template that was created in a previous step, to a device template page. In the AppQoE drop-down list, choose the name of the feature template.

  9. Click Create.

Monitor TCP Optimization

To view the AppQoE data on Cisco SD-WAN Manager, ensure that you:

  • Synchronize the controller and device time by configuring Network Time Protocol (NTP). You can also set the clock manually using the clock set command.

  • Add the following commands to the device configuration:

    • policy ip visibility features multi-sn enable

    • policy ip visibility features sslproxy enable (for SSL traffic)

From the Cisco SD-WAN Manager menu, choose Tools > On Demand Troubleshooting. Enable On-demand Troubleshooting to view the dashboards. The dashboard screens do not display real-time information. You can also retrieve the DPI statistics by selecting the device from the drop-down menu and choosing the Data Type as DPI.

You can monitor the traffic or applications optimized by TCP optimizaton using Cisco SD-WAN Manager.

From Cisco vManage Release 20.9.x, you can use On-Demand Troubleshooting to monitor the traffic or applications optimized by TCP optimizaton.

  1. From the Cisco SD-WAN Manager menu, choose Monitor > Devices.

    Cisco vManage Release 20.6.1 and earlier releases: From the Cisco SD-WAN Manager menu, choose Monitor > Network.

  2. Click the hostname of the device you want to monitor.

  3. Under On-Demand Troubleshooting, choose AppQoE TCP Optimization.

  4. Choose Redirected Traffic, Passthrough Traffic or Application, depending on what you want to monitor.

  5. Choose Service Nodes, Service Node Groups or Control Components..

Chart and Table View Options

The monitoring data for your selected device displays in the form of a chart, followed by a table. You can view the data in form of a graph or bar chart by toggling between the two options.

  • From the Filtersdrop-down list, you can view the data by Bytes or Flow.

  • From the Filtersdrop-down list, you can choose the typr of traffic you want to view.

  • You can filter the data for a specified time range: (1h, 3h, 6h, and so on), or click Custom to define a time range.